CN111440988A - Silicon-vanadium alloy production method and silicon-vanadium alloy - Google Patents
Silicon-vanadium alloy production method and silicon-vanadium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN111440988A CN111440988A CN202010436284.4A CN202010436284A CN111440988A CN 111440988 A CN111440988 A CN 111440988A CN 202010436284 A CN202010436284 A CN 202010436284A CN 111440988 A CN111440988 A CN 111440988A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of iron alloy preparation, and relates to a silicon-vanadium alloy production method and a silicon-vanadium alloy. The production method of the silicon-vanadium alloy comprises the following steps: (1) adding vanadium-rich slag, coke and quick lime into a first electric furnace for smelting to obtain high-carbon vanadium molten iron; (2) hydrothermally adding the high-carbon ferrovanadium into a second electric furnace, and smelting after adding coke and silica; (3) tapping, casting, crushing and finishing to obtain the silicon-vanadium alloy. The method for producing the silicon-vanadium alloy directly prepares the silicon-vanadium alloy by smelting the vanadium-rich slag, skips the intermediate wet process, simplifies the flow, reduces the cost, greatly improves the production efficiency and has obvious economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of iron alloy preparation, and particularly relates to a silicon-vanadium alloy production method and a silicon-vanadium alloy.
Background
Vanadium is an important microalloying element, called "industrial monosodium glutamate", which is widely used in the steel industry. In recent years, with the research on the application technology of multi-element vanadium alloys, alloy varieties such as vanadium-aluminum, vanadium-chromium, silicon-vanadium and the like are successively developed.
The silicon-vanadium alloy is prepared by smelting industrial vanadium pentoxide and ferrosilicon serving as raw materials by an electric silicothermic process. And the vanadium pentoxide is obtained mainly through the wet processes of roasting, leaching, vanadium precipitation, melting and the like of the vanadium-rich slag by adding salt. The process flow is long, the production period is long, the cost is high, and an efficient and economic silicon-vanadium alloy preparation process is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silicon-vanadium alloy production method and a silicon-vanadium alloy aiming at the defects of the prior art.
Specifically, the production method of the silicon-vanadium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) adding vanadium-rich slag, coke and quick lime into a first electric furnace for smelting to obtain high-carbon vanadium molten iron;
(2) hydrothermally adding the high-carbon ferrovanadium into a second electric furnace, and smelting after adding coke and silica;
(3) tapping, casting, crushing and finishing to obtain the silicon-vanadium alloy.
According to the production method of the silicon-vanadium alloy, the mass ratio of the vanadium-rich slag to the coke to the quick lime is (36.74-52.65): (8.86-12.56): (37.26-52.28).
According to the production method of the silicon-vanadium alloy, the mass ratio of the vanadium-rich slag to the coke to the quick lime is (47.44-51.71): (9.51-10.82): (38.78-41.74).
According to the production method of the silicon-vanadium alloy, the mass ratio of the high-carbon molten vanadium iron to the coke to the silica is (49.75-85.54): (0.15-14.63): (13.78-36.62).
In the method for producing the silicon-vanadium alloy, the mass ratio of the high-carbon molten vanadium iron to the coke to the silica is (59.92-73.89): (4.66-10.05): (21.45-30.03).
In the method for producing the silicon-vanadium alloy, the first electric furnace is a fixed electric furnace, and the second electric furnace is a tilting electric furnace.
According to the production method of the silicon-vanadium alloy, the smelting temperature in the first electric furnace is 1650-1700 ℃, and the smelting time is 2.5-3 hours; and the smelting temperature in the second electric furnace is 1450-1550 ℃.
The production method of the silicon-vanadium alloy is characterized in that the time interval of tapping is 2-3 hours.
On the other hand, the silicon-vanadium alloy is prepared by the silicon-vanadium alloy production method.
The silicon-vanadium alloy comprises, by weight, 60.75% -65.15% of Fe, 1.20% -1.60% of C, 7.68% -26.40% of Si and 6.87% -23.68% of V.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for producing the silicon-vanadium alloy directly prepares the silicon-vanadium alloy by smelting the vanadium-rich slag, skips the intermediate wet process, simplifies the flow, reduces the cost, greatly improves the production efficiency and has obvious economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the invention. The process of the present invention employs conventional methods or apparatus in the art, except as described below. The following noun terms have meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein do not denote any order or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another, and the terms "the," "one," and "an" do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item. In addition, all ranges disclosed herein are inclusive of the endpoints and independently combinable.
Specifically, on the one hand, the invention discloses a method for producing a silicon-vanadium alloy, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding vanadium-rich slag, coke and quick lime into a first electric furnace for smelting to obtain high-carbon vanadium molten iron; (2) hydrothermally adding the high-carbon ferrovanadium into a second electric furnace, and smelting after adding coke and silica; (3) tapping, casting, crushing and finishing to obtain the silicon-vanadium alloy.
The method for producing the silicon-vanadium alloy directly prepares the silicon-vanadium alloy by smelting the vanadium-rich slag, skips the intermediate wet process, simplifies the flow, reduces the cost, greatly improves the production efficiency and has obvious economic benefit.
In some preferred embodiments, the silicon vanadium alloy production method of the present invention comprises:
(1) and adding the vanadium-rich slag, coke and quick lime into a first electric furnace for smelting to obtain high-carbon molten vanadium iron.
The vanadium-rich slag is prepared by smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite in a blast furnace to obtain molten iron, and then extracting vanadium and enriching the vanadium by blowing oxygen in a converter, wherein the vanadium-rich slag is known in the industry, and has complex specific components and content and large fluctuation due to factors such as raw material components, smelting equipment, process conditions, operation system and the like of various plants, and generally contains FeO, CaO and SiO2，MgO，Al2O3，V2O5These several components, among which the most important V2O5The content is mainly in the range of 14-20%.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the vanadium-rich slag, the coke and the quicklime is (36.74-52.65): (8.86-12.56): (37.26-52.28).
In the invention, when the mass ratio of the vanadium-rich slag is less than the minimum value of the range, the obtained high-carbon ferrovanadium is low in vanadium content, and the obtained silicon-vanadium alloy is not ideal in vanadium content, low in return for subsequent steelmaking and uneconomical. And when the mass ratio of the vanadium-rich slag is higher than the maximum value, one slag becomes sticky and difficult to discharge, the recovery rate of vanadium is reduced, meanwhile, the product P, S has too high impurity and poor quality, and the production burden is increased for the subsequent impurity removal of steel making.
When the mass ratio of coke is less than the minimum value of the range, the electrode is inserted too deeply, the consumption is too large, the load is not full, the current is unstable, and simultaneously, more vanadium is leaked from slag; when the mass ratio of the coke is larger than the maximum value of the range, the current rises, the electrode is lifted, the pressure and the temperature of furnace gas are increased, the volatilization loss of vanadium is increased, and the temperature of the furnace bottom is low, so that the discharging is difficult.
When the mass ratio of the quicklime is less than the minimum value of the range, the alkalinity is too low, the electrode insertion depth is increased, and the vanadium content in the slag is increased; when the mass ratio of the quicklime is larger than the maximum value of the range, the alkalinity is too high, the electrode is lifted, the material surface is ignited, the slag turning is serious, the slag is dark and sticky, and the iron yield is reduced.
Preferably, when the mass ratio of the vanadium-rich slag to the coke to the quick lime is (47.44-51.71): (9.51-10.82): (38.78-41.74), the high-carbon ferrovanadium obtained by smelting has better physical and chemical properties.
In some embodiments, the first electric furnace is a stationary electric furnace.
The invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass (36.74-52.65): (8.86-12.56): and (37.26-52.28) smelting the vanadium-rich slag, the coke and the quick lime in a first electric furnace at 1650-1700 ℃ for 2.5-3 hours, so that vanadium and iron in the vanadium-rich slag are reduced by the coke to obtain a high-carbon ferrovanadium which is an intermediate raw material for smelting silicon-vanadium alloy.
(2) And hydrothermally adding the high-carbon ferrovanadium into a second electric furnace, and smelting after adding coke and silica.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the molten high carbon vanadium iron, the coke and the silica is (49.75-85.54): (0.15-14.63): (13.78-36.62).
When the mass ratio of the high-carbon molten vanadium iron is less than the minimum value, the vanadium content of the obtained silicon-vanadium alloy is low, and the silicon-vanadium alloy is uneconomical for subsequent steelmaking; when the mass ratio of the high-carbon molten vanadium iron is larger than the maximum value, P, S, C in the silicon-vanadium alloy is high, and the burden of subsequent steelmaking decarburization and impurity removal is increased.
When the mass ratio of the coke is less than the minimum value, the coke layer is excessively thinned, the load is difficult to be sufficient, the material consumption is slow, and the amounts of silicon and vanadium of the alloy are low; when the mass ratio of the coke is larger than the maximum value, the coke layer is thickened and moved upwards, the phenomena of fire and material collapse are increased, the temperature furnace mouth is high, the furnace bottom is low, the crucible area of a molten pool is reduced, and the tapping and slag discharging are not smooth.
When the silica mass ratio is less than the above-mentioned minimum value, the basicity is too high, SiO2The reaction activity is reduced, the silicon reduction is influenced, and the carbon content of the alloy is high; when the silica mass ratio is larger than the maximum value, SiC having a high melting point is produced in a large amount, and the SiC is heated in a furnaceThe bottom accumulated lumps and was difficult to be discharged.
Preferably, when the mass ratio of the high-carbon molten vanadium iron to the coke to the silica is (59.92-73.89): (4.66-10.05): (21.45-30.03), the silicon-vanadium alloy obtained by smelting has better physical and chemical properties.
In some embodiments, the second electric furnace is a tilting electric furnace.
The invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass (49.75-85.54): (0.15-14.63): (13.78-36.62) smelting the high-carbon vanadium molten iron, coke and silica in a second electric furnace at 1450-1550 ℃, wherein the purpose is to reduce silicon in the silica through the coke, destroy vanadium carbide through the silicon, and prepare the silicon vanadium alloy through decarburization.
(3) Tapping, casting, crushing and finishing to obtain the silicon-vanadium alloy.
Preferably, the high-carbon molten vanadium iron, the coke and the silica are continuously added into a second electric furnace for smelting, and the tapping time interval is 2-3 hours, so that the production efficiency is improved.
In another aspect, the invention provides a silicon-vanadium alloy, which is prepared by the above silicon-vanadium alloy production method.
Preferably, the silicon-vanadium alloy comprises, by weight, 60.75% -65.15% of Fe, 1.20% -1.60% of C, 7.68% -26.40% of Si, and 6.87% -23.68% of V.
Examples
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Experimental procedures without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were carried out according to conventional methods and conditions. The starting materials used in the following examples are all conventionally commercially available.
Example 1
50.79 parts of vanadium-rich slag, 9.34 parts of coke and 39.87 parts of quicklime (by mass) are respectively weighed and mixed, then the mixture is conveyed to a furnace top bin of a fixed electric furnace by an adhesive tape machine, enters the furnace through a material pipe, and is conveyed to 1650-1700 ℃ for smelting for 2.5 hours to prepare the high-carbon ferrovanadium. And then, hot blending the molten iron into another tilting electric furnace, adding a proper amount of coke and silica (high-carbon ferrovanadium: coke: silica: 63.01:8.95:28.04 by mass), and smelting at 1450-1550 ℃. Opening a tapping hole every 2.5 hours, making molten iron flow into a ladle, conveying the molten iron to a casting span by a trolley, casting an ingot mold, then conveying to a finishing span for crushing and finishing to obtain qualified silicon-vanadium alloy, wherein the composition of the silicon-vanadium alloy comprises the following components: fe 62.28%, C1.35%, Si 17.93%, V13.99%.
Example 2
49.98 parts of vanadium-rich slag, 10.29 parts of coke and 39.73 parts of quicklime (by mass) are respectively weighed and mixed, then the mixture is conveyed to a furnace top bin of a fixed electric furnace by an adhesive tape machine, enters the furnace through a material pipe, and is conveyed to 1650-1700 ℃ for smelting for 2.5 hours to prepare the high-carbon ferrovanadium. And then, hot blending the molten iron into another tilting electric furnace, adding a proper amount of coke and silica (high-carbon ferrovanadium: coke: silica: 59.69:10.25:30.06 by mass), and smelting at 1450-1550 ℃. Opening a tapping hole every 3 hours, making molten iron flow into a ladle, conveying the molten iron to a casting span by a trolley, casting an ingot mold, then conveying to a finishing span for crushing and finishing to obtain qualified silicon-vanadium alloy, wherein the composition of the silicon-vanadium alloy comprises the following components: fe 63.15%, C1.42%, Si 19.71%, V11.71%.
Example 3
Respectively weighing 51.12 parts of vanadium-rich slag, 9.51 parts of coke and 39.37 parts of quicklime (by mass), mixing, conveying to a top bin of a fixed electric furnace by an adhesive tape machine, feeding into the furnace through a material pipe, and smelting at 1650-1700 ℃ for 2.8 hours by power transmission to obtain the high-carbon ferrovanadium. And then, hot blending the molten iron into another tilting electric furnace, adding a proper amount of coke and silica (high-carbon ferrovanadium: coke: silica: 66.96:7.31:25.73 by mass), and smelting at 1450-1550 ℃. Opening a tapping hole every 3 hours to enable molten iron to flow into a ladle, then hoisting the ladle to a corresponding position by a crane to carry out pit casting, and crushing and finishing after cooling to obtain qualified silicon-vanadium alloy, wherein the composition of the alloy comprises the following components: fe 62.76%, C1.25%, Si 15.92%, V15.67%.
Example 4
Respectively weighing 37.76 parts of vanadium-rich slag, 10.98 parts of coke and 51.26 parts of quicklime (by mass), mixing, conveying to a top bin of a fixed electric furnace by an adhesive tape machine, feeding into the furnace through a material pipe, and smelting at 1650-1700 ℃ for 2.5 hours by power transmission to obtain the high-carbon ferrovanadium. And then, hot blending the molten iron into another tilting electric furnace, adding a proper amount of coke and silica (high-carbon ferrovanadium: coke: silica: 50.65:13.72:35.63 by mass), and smelting at 1450-1550 ℃. Opening a tapping hole every 2 hours to enable molten iron to flow into a ladle, then hoisting the ladle to a corresponding position by a crane to carry out pit casting, and crushing and finishing after cooling to obtain qualified silicon-vanadium alloy, wherein the composition of the alloy comprises the following components: fe 61.83%, C1.20%, Si 25.32%, V7.97%.
Example 5
Respectively weighing 51.95 parts of vanadium-rich slag, 9.71 parts of coke and 38.34 parts of quicklime (by mass), mixing, conveying to a top bin of a fixed electric furnace by an adhesive tape machine, feeding into the furnace through a material pipe, and smelting at 1650-1700 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the high-carbon ferrovanadium. And then, hot blending the molten iron into another tilting electric furnace, adding a proper amount of coke and silica (high-carbon ferrovanadium: coke: silica: 84.99:0.23:14.78 by mass), and smelting at 1450-1550 ℃. Opening a tapping hole every 3 hours to enable molten iron to flow into a ladle, then hoisting the ladle to a corresponding position by a crane to carry out pit casting, and crushing and finishing after cooling to obtain qualified silicon-vanadium alloy, wherein the composition of the alloy comprises the following components: fe 63.80%, C1.20%, Si 8.01%, V22.72%.
The present invention has been disclosed in the foregoing in terms of preferred embodiments, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that all changes and substitutions equivalent to those of the embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing a silicon-vanadium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding vanadium-rich slag, coke and quick lime into a first electric furnace for smelting to obtain high-carbon vanadium molten iron;
(2) hydrothermally adding the high-carbon ferrovanadium into a second electric furnace, and smelting after adding coke and silica;
(3) tapping, casting, crushing and finishing to obtain the silicon-vanadium alloy.
2. The silicon-vanadium alloy production method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the vanadium-rich slag, the coke and the quicklime is (36.74-52.65): (8.86-12.56): (37.26-52.28).
3. The silicon-vanadium alloy production method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the vanadium-rich slag, the coke and the quicklime is (47.44-51.71): (9.51-10.82): (38.78-41.74).
4. The method for producing the silicon-vanadium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the high-carbon molten vanadium iron, the coke and the silica is (49.75-85.54): (0.15-14.63): (13.78-36.62).
5. The method for producing the silicon-vanadium alloy according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the high-carbon molten vanadium iron, the coke and the silica is (59.92-73.89): (4.66-10.05): (21.45-30.03).
6. The method for producing a silicon-vanadium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the first electric furnace is a fixed electric furnace and the second electric furnace is a tilting electric furnace.
7. The silicon-vanadium alloy production method according to claim 1, wherein the smelting temperature in the first electric furnace is 1650-1700 ℃, and the smelting time is 2.5-3 hours; and the smelting temperature in the second electric furnace is 1450-1550 ℃.
8. The method for producing the silicon-vanadium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the tapping time interval is 2 to 3 hours.
9. A silicon-vanadium alloy, characterized in that the silicon-vanadium alloy is prepared by the silicon-vanadium alloy production method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. The silicon vanadium alloy according to claim 9, comprising, in weight percent, Fe 60.75% to 65.15%, C1.20% to 1.60%, Si 7.68% to 26.40%, V6.87% to 23.68%.
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Application publication date: 20200724 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |