CN111426259A - A detection device and method for medium and large aperture parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a detection device and method for parts with medium and large apertures. The installation table inclined at the side of the frame is provided with a fixed support. When testing, put the measured object on the fixed support to keep the measured object in an inclined state, so that the upper hole wall of the measured object and the base surface of the fixed support are always in contact, so that the probe of the dial indicator is in contact with the measured object. On the inner surface of the hole of the measuring body, the coaxiality detection can be carried out; in addition, the end face parallelism can also be detected by making the probe of the dial indicator abut the end face to be measured. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high operation convenience. The fixed support realizes the high-precision installation and positioning of the measured object, so that the measured object has high detection accuracy and wide application range, and can complete various shapes at one time. Bit tolerance detection, saving time and effort in operation, high detection accuracy and detection efficiency.

Description

A detection device and method for medium and large aperture parts

technical field

The invention relates to a detection device and method for parts with medium and large apertures, belonging to the technical field of detection tools for mechanical parts.

Background technique

At present, "three-coordinate" detection is basically used in the coaxiality detection of conventional medium and large-diameter parts. in modern industry. Its advantages are accurate results, wide application range, and almost all geometric tolerances can be detected. However, the disadvantage is that the investment is huge, the operators require professional training, the use environment is strict, the necessary supporting facilities must be guaranteed, the maintenance cost is high, and the cost-effectiveness ratio for conventional small and medium enterprises is small; High-precision testing instruments, outsourced inspection and testing costs are high, they are basically only used for random inspection of parts, and the inspection cycle is long. It cannot fully inspect all parts in time and is affected by the work arrangement of the inspection unit. Comprehensiveness and timeliness are not enough.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection device and method for parts with medium and large apertures, which can overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:

A detection device for parts with medium and large apertures, comprising a machine base, a watch frame is arranged on one side of the machine base, and a dial indicator is arranged on the watch frame, characterized in that: the machine base is provided with a side opposite to the watch frame The inclined installation table is provided with a fixed support for clamping the measured object.

The aforesaid fixing supports are provided with various specifications, and installation holes are arranged at the axis thereof, and are fixedly connected to the installation table by means of locking bolts.

The aforementioned mounting platform is inclined 20°-40° relative to the side of the watch frame.

The outer circumference of the aforementioned fixed support is provided with a three-point positioning arc adapted to the measured body, so that the measured body is connected with the fixed support at three points for positioning.

The aforementioned fixed support and the measured body are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance is not greater than 5mm.

The aforesaid watch frame includes a frame seat fixed on the machine base, and a vertical rod screwed with it. A horizontal rod with adjustable angle and length is detachably connected to the vertical rod, and the dial indicator is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod.

A detection method based on the above-mentioned detection device for medium and large aperture parts, comprising the following steps:

s1. Pre-preparation before testing, assembling the testing device,

Fasten the dial indicator to the base through the meter frame, and fasten the fixed support to the installation table via locking bolts;

Among them, the finishing process of the fixed support should make it meet the detection accuracy;

s2. Set the measured body on the fixed support. Under the influence of the inclination angle of the installation platform, the measured body hole and the upper base surface of the fixed support are always in a fit state;

s3. Detect the coaxiality of the measured body,

Adjust the angle and length of the horizontal bar of the watch stand, so that the probe of the dial indicator abuts on the inner surface of the measuring hole of the measured object, and the abutting part should be in the hole on the side that is always in contact with the base surface of the fixed support. On the inner surface, manually rotate the detection body, when rotating, control the detection speed and observe the reading of the pointer with the naked eye;

Carry out multiple inspections on the height of the hole according to the ratio of the hole depth, take the maximum value as the runout value, and 1/2 of the runout value is the coaxiality of the upper and lower holes;

s4. Detect the parallelism of the step surface in the hole of the measured body,

Adjust the angle and length of the horizontal bar of the watch stand, so that the probe of the dial indicator abuts on the step surface of the hole in the test object, manually rotate the test body, and when rotating, control the detection speed and observe the reading of the pointer with the naked eye;

Carry out multiple step surface inspections based on the ratio of end face diameters, and take the maximum value as the parallelism value;

s5. Detect the parallelism of both ends of the measured body,

Install two horizontal bars with dial indicators on the vertical bars; adjust the angle and length of the horizontal bars so that the probes of the dial indicators are respectively abutted on both ends of the measured object, and manually rotate the testing body. , control the detection speed and observe the reading of the pointer with the naked eye;

Perform multiple end-face inspections based on the ratio of end-face diameters, and take the maximum value as the parallelism value.

In the aforementioned step s1, after finishing the fixed support, the surface roughness of the three-point positioning arc on the fixed support is not more than 0.8; the roughness of the two ends of the fixed support is not more than 1.6, and the verticality is not more than 0.02; And the hardness of the fixed bearing is 40-45HRC.

In the aforementioned steps s3-s5, the detection body is manually rotated at a relatively constant speed, and its rotation speed is not greater than 2 rpm.

When detecting the coaxiality of the aforementioned measured object, the hole depth ratio of the measured object = hole depth/aperture diameter, the hole depth is divided by the hole depth ratio, and each segment of the divided area is detected at least twice, and the detection data is counted. And data comparison, take the maximum value as the beating value;

When detecting the parallelism of the aforementioned measured body, the ratio of the diameter of the end face = the diameter of the outer circle/the diameter of the inner circle, the end face is divided according to the ratio of the diameter of the end face, and each divided area is tested at least twice, and the detection data statistics and data comparison , take the maximum value as the parallelism value.

Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a detection device and method for parts with medium and large apertures, which comprises a machine base, a watch frame is arranged on one side of the machine base, and a dial indicator is arranged on the watch frame, and the said The machine base is provided with an installation table inclined relative to the side of the watch frame, and a fixed support is arranged on the installation table. The detection device can be used for coaxiality detection. During detection, the measured body is set on the fixed support, and the measured body is kept in an inclined state. Under the action of the measured body's own gravity, the upper hole wall of the measured body is made Always keep in contact with the base surface of the fixed support, so that the probe of the dial indicator abuts on the inner surface of the hole of the measured object, and the abutment should be in the hole on the side that always adheres to the base surface of the fixed support On the surface, manually rotate the detection body. When rotating, control the detection speed and observe the reading of the pointer with the naked eye. Perform multiple detections on the height of the hole according to the hole depth ratio. Take the maximum value as the beating value, and 1/2 of the beating value is The coaxiality of the upper and lower holes. In addition, the detection device can also be used for parallelism detection. During detection, the probe of the dial indicator is abutted on the end face to be measured, and the detection body is manually rotated. During rotation, the detection speed is controlled and the reading of the pointer is observed with the naked eye; The diameter ratio of the end face is tested for multiple step surfaces, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention has a simple structure, and the fixed support realizes the high-precision installation and positioning of the measured object, thereby enabling the measured object to have high detection accuracy and a wide range of applications, and can complete the detection of various shape and position tolerances at one time.

(2) The operation is convenient, the operator does not need professional training, and is less affected by human factors and environmental factors. The operation saves time and effort, and the detection accuracy and detection efficiency are high.

(3) The present invention has low production cost and low use cost, and the fixed support adopted has hardness guarantee, and the wear during the detection process is small, which can not only ensure the detection accuracy, but also have a long service life, reduce the later replacement and maintenance costs, and has a good economy. Practicality and promotion.

Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be set forth in the description that follows, and will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on a study of the following, to the extent that is taught in the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and attained by the following description.

Description of drawings

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention for performing coaxiality detection.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention for detecting the stepped surface in the hole.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention for detecting both ends of a detection body.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the front structure of the fixed support.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in FIG. 5 .

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a detection device for parts with medium and large apertures includes a machine base 1, a watch frame 2 is arranged on one side of the machine base 1, and a dial indicator 3 is arranged on the watch frame 2, so The base 1 is provided with an installation table 4 inclined relative to the side of the watch frame 2 , and a fixed support 5 for clamping the measured object 6 is arranged on the installation table 4 .

The fixed support 5 is set in various specifications to fit parts with different apertures for installation and detection; a mounting hole 502 is provided at the axis of the fixed support 5, so that it is fixedly connected to the installation through the locking bolt 6. on stage 4.

The mounting table 4 is inclined by 20°-40° relative to the side of the watch frame 2, so that the measured body 6 is inclined and sleeved on the fixed support 5, and under the weight of the measured body 6, the upper hole wall of the measured body 6 is fixed to the The base surface of the support 5 is always kept in close contact.

The outer circumference of the fixed support 5 is provided with a three-point positioning arc 501 that is adapted to the measured body 6, so that the measured body 6 and the fixed support 5 can be socketed at three points by positioning to ensure the reliability of the socket. In addition, the fixed support 5 and the measured object 6 are in clearance fit, and the matching gap is not greater than 5mm, which can ensure the fast installation of the fixed support 5 and the measured object 6 and the detection accuracy of the measured object 6 .

The watch frame includes a frame seat 203, a vertical rod 201 screwed on the frame seat 203, and a horizontal bar 202 that can be adjusted in angle and length is detachably connected to the vertical rod 201, and the dial indicator 3 is fixedly connected to the horizontal bar 202. rod 202. The vertical rod 201 is provided with a U-shaped connecting sleeve, and the horizontal rod 202 is provided with an adjusting screw 204 which is inserted into the U-shaped connecting sleeve, so that the horizontal rod 202 is locked and fastened to the vertical rod 201; 202 is a telescopic rod structure, and a locking screw sleeve 205 is provided at the connection part of the telescopic rod.

A detection method based on the above-mentioned detection device for medium and large aperture parts, comprising the following steps:

s1. Prepare for testing and assemble the testing device;

s2. Install the measured body 6;

s3. Detect the coaxiality of the measured body 6;

s4. Carry out the parallelism detection of the step surface 602 in the 6 holes of the measured body;

s5. Perform parallelism detection on both end surfaces 603 of the object to be measured 6 .

In step s1, the dial indicator 3 is fixedly connected to the base 1 through the watch frame 2, and the fixed support 5 is fixedly connected to the installation table 4 through the locking bolt 7;

Among them, the finishing process of the fixed support 5 should make it meet the detection accuracy; specifically, after finishing the fixed support 5, the surface roughness of the three-point positioning arc 501 on the fixed support should not be greater than 0.8; The roughness of the two end surfaces of the support 5 is not more than 1.6, and the verticality is not more than 0.02; and the hardness of the fixed support 5 is 40-45HRC.

In step s2, the measured body 6 is sleeved on the fixed support, and under the influence of the inclination angle of the installation table 4, the inner hole of the measured body 6 and the upper base surface of the fixed support 5 are always in a state of fit.

In step s3, the angle and length of the cross bar 202 of the watch stand are adjusted, so that the probe of the dial indicator 3 abuts on the inner surface 601 of the measuring hole of the measured object, wherein the abutting part is the upper base surface of the fixed support 5. the inner surface 601 of the hole on the abutment side;

Rotate the detection body 6 manually. When rotating, control the detection speed and observe the reading of the pointer with the naked eye; among them, perform multiple detections on the height of the hole according to the hole depth ratio, and take the maximum value as the beating value, and 1/2 of the beating value is is the coaxiality of the upper and lower holes;

The hole depth ratio of the measured object=hole depth/aperture diameter, the hole depth is divided according to the hole depth ratio, and each segment of the divided area is detected at least twice, and the detected data is counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the beating value. , and finally get its coaxiality value.

In step s4, the parallelism detection of the step surface 602 in the hole of the measured body is performed, and the angle and length of the cross bar 202 of the watch frame are adjusted, so that the probe of the dial indicator 3 abuts on the step surface 602 in the hole of the measured body, Rotate the detection body 6 manually. When rotating, control the detection speed and observe the reading of the pointer with the naked eye; among them, perform multiple step surface detection with the ratio of the end face diameter, and take the maximum value as the parallelism value;

The end face diameter ratio=outer circle diameter/inner circle diameter, the end face is divided by the end face diameter ratio, and each segment of the divided area is detected at least twice, and the detected data is counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value.

In step s5, the parallelism of the two ends 603 of the measured object is detected, and two horizontal bars 202 with dial indicator 3 are installed on the vertical bar 201; and the angle and length of the horizontal bars 202 are adjusted so that the The probes are respectively abutted on the two end surfaces 603 of the measured body, and the detection body 6 is manually rotated. When rotating, the detection speed is controlled and the reading of the pointer is observed with the naked eye; among them, the end surface diameter ratio is used for multiple step surface detection, and the maximum value is parallelism value;

The end face diameter ratio=outer circle diameter/inner circle diameter, the end face is divided by the end face diameter ratio, and each segment of the divided area is detected at least twice, and the detected data is counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form of secrecy. Any simple modifications made to the above embodiments without departing from the technical solution content of the present invention and according to the technical essence of the present invention, Equivalent changes and modifications still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a well large aperture class detection device for part, includes frame (1), is equipped with table frame (2) in frame (1) one side, is equipped with percentage table (3) on table frame (2), its characterized in that: the device is characterized in that the base (1) is provided with an installation platform (4) which is obliquely arranged relative to the meter frame (2), and the installation platform (4) is provided with a fixed support (5) for clamping and sleeving the tested body (6).

2. The detecting device for the parts with the medium and large apertures as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed support (5) is arranged in various specifications, is provided with a mounting hole (502) at the axis and is fixedly connected to the mounting table (4) through a locking bolt (7).

3. The detection device for the medium and large aperture parts according to claim 2, wherein: the mounting table (4) inclines 20-40 degrees relative to the side of the meter frame (2).

4. The detection device for the medium and large aperture parts according to claim 2, wherein: and a three-point positioning circular arc (501) matched with the measured body is arranged on the outer circumference of the fixed support (5), so that the measured body (6) is sleeved with the fixed support (5) in a three-point positioning manner.

5. The detecting device for the parts with the medium and large apertures as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the fixed support (5) is in clearance fit with the measured body (6), and the fit clearance is not more than 5 mm.

6. The detecting device for the parts with the medium and large apertures as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the table frame (2) comprises a frame base (203) fixed on the base (1) and a vertical rod (201) screwed with the frame base, a cross rod (202) with adjustable angle and length can be detachably connected to the vertical rod (201), and the dial indicator (3) is fixedly connected to the cross rod (202).

7. A detection method based on the detection device for the middle-large-aperture parts is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, preparing before detection, assembling the detection device,

the dial indicator (3) is fixedly connected to the base (1) through the indicator frame (2), and the fixed support (5) is fixedly connected to the mounting table (2) through a locking bolt (7);

wherein, the finish machining process of the fixed support (5) is to ensure that the detection precision is met;

s2, sleeving the measured body (6) on the fixed support (5), and under the influence of the inclination angle of the mounting table (4), keeping the inner hole of the measured body (6) and the upper base surface of the fixed support (5) in a joint state all the time;

s3, detecting the coaxiality of the detected body (6),

adjusting the angle and the length of a meter frame cross rod (202), enabling a probe of a dial indicator (3) to abut against the inner surface (601) of a measuring hole of a measured body, enabling the abutting part to be positioned on the inner surface of the hole which is always attached to the base surface of a fixed support, manually rotating a detection body (6), and controlling the detection speed and observing the reading of a pointer by naked eyes during rotation;

detecting the height in the hole for many times according to the hole depth ratio, taking the maximum value as a jumping value, wherein 1/2 of the jumping value is the coaxiality of the upper hole and the lower hole;

s4, detecting the parallelism of the step surface (602) in the hole of the tested body (6),

adjusting the angle and the length of the meter frame cross rod (202), enabling a probe of the dial indicator (3) to abut against a step surface (602) in a hole of a detected body, manually rotating the detected body (6), and controlling the detection speed and observing the reading of a pointer by naked eyes during rotation;

carrying out multiple step surface detections according to the diameter ratio of the end surfaces, and taking the maximum value as a parallelism value;

s5, detecting the parallelism of the two end faces (603) of the tested body (6),

two transverse rods (202) with dial indicators (3) are arranged on the vertical rods (201); adjusting the angle and the length of the cross rod (202) to enable probes of the dial indicator (3) to be respectively abutted against two end faces (603) of the detected body, manually rotating the detected body (6), and controlling the detection speed and observing the reading of the pointer by naked eyes during rotation;

and (5) carrying out multiple end face detection by using the end face diameter ratio, and taking the maximum value as a parallelism value.

8. The detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step s1, after the fixed support (5) is subjected to fine machining, the surface roughness of a three-point positioning arc on the fixed support (6) is not more than 0.8; the roughness of two end surfaces of the fixed support (5) is not more than 1.6, and the verticality is not more than 0.02; and the hardness of the fixed support (5) is 40-45 HRC.

9. The detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: in steps s3-s5, the specimen (6) is manually kept in relatively constant rotation at a   rotation speed of not more than 2 rpm.

10. The detection method according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that:

when the coaxiality of a detected body (6) is detected, the hole depth ratio of the detected body = hole depth/hole diameter, hole depth division is carried out according to the hole depth ratio, at least 2 times of detection are carried out on each divided region, detection data statistics and data comparison are carried out, and the maximum value is taken as a jitter value;

when detecting the parallelism of the detected body (6), the end face diameter ratio = excircle diameter/inner circle diameter, the end face division is carried out according to the end face diameter ratio, at least 2 times of detection is carried out on each section of divided area, the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value according to the statistics and data comparison of the detection data.

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