CN111408860A

CN111408860A - Multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures

Info

Publication number: CN111408860A
Application number: CN202010190015.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 练国富; 曹强; 陈昌荣; 黄旭; 冯美艳
Original assignee: Fujian University of Technology
Current assignee: Fujian University of Technology
Priority date: 2020-03-18
Filing date: 2020-03-18
Publication date: 2020-07-14

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench suitable for parts with complex structures, which comprises a clamp, a two-dimensional coordinate moving mechanism and an inclined supporting mechanism, wherein the clamp comprises a base, a clamp body clamping jaw, a clamping jaw push rod and a loosening jaw push rod, the two-dimensional coordinate moving mechanism comprises a first placing seat, a first sliding table moving along the first placing seat, a second placing seat positioned on the first sliding table and a second sliding table moving along the second placing seat, the clamp is arranged on the second sliding table, the inclined supporting mechanism comprises a base, a workbench plate and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, and the hydraulic cylinders drive the workbench surface to rotate. The workbench can realize accurate cladding processing of complex workpieces on the basis of a vertical laser welding head.

Description

Multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures.

Background

Laser cladding, also known as laser cladding or laser cladding, is a new surface modification technique. The method comprises the steps of adding a cladding material on the surface of a base material, and fusing the cladding material and a thin layer on the surface of the base material together by using a laser beam with high energy density to form a material-adding cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with the base material on the surface of the base layer, so that the wear-resisting, corrosion-resisting, heat-resisting, oxidation-resisting and electrical properties of the surface of the base layer can be obviously improved, the purpose of surface modification or repair is achieved, the requirements on the specific properties of the surface of the material are met, and a large amount of precious elements are. At the initial stage of research and development and popularization of a laser cladding technology, a plurality of roller parts are available, and with the development of the technology, more and more non-roller parts, special-shaped parts and the like can also be strengthened through the laser cladding technology, but the surface of the non-roller parts is irregular in shape, the positions and the shapes of the processing surfaces are various, and laser cladding processing is inconvenient. As shown in the patent with application number 201711248895.0 and the name of a laser welding workbench, the laser head with the adjustable welding angle meets different use requirements by adopting a traditional three-jaw chuck, has higher requirements on a welding mechanism, can increase the volume and the quality of a welding structure, is difficult to move with six degrees of freedom, and cannot eliminate the influence of components such as light rays on the moving process of the welding head.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures, which can realize accurate cladding processing of complex workpieces on the basis of a vertical laser welding head.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a multi freedom laser cladding workstation suitable for complicated structure part which characterized in that: including anchor clamps, two-dimensional coordinate moving mechanism and slope supporting mechanism, anchor clamps include the anchor clamps body, clamping jaw, tight claw push rod and pine claw push rod, two-dimensional coordinate moving mechanism includes first mount, follows first slip table that first mount removed, be located second mount on the first slip table, and follow the second slip table that second mount removed, anchor clamps set up on the second slip table, slope supporting mechanism includes base, work platen and a plurality of pneumatic cylinder, the pneumatic cylinder drive the work platen rotates.

Preferably, the first placing seat is provided with a first linear motor, the first linear motor is connected with the first sliding table, the second placing seat is provided with a second linear motor, and the second linear motor is connected with the second sliding table.

Preferably, the number of the hydraulic cylinders is four, and the four hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the circumferential direction of the first placing seat.

Preferably, the first placing seat is provided with two parallel first guide rails, the second placing seat is provided with two parallel second guide rails, and the first guide rails are perpendicular to the second guide rails.

Preferably, the fixture body is of a cylindrical structure, a hinge seat is arranged in the circumferential direction of the fixture body, the clamping jaw is hinged to the hinge seat, the tight jaw push rod and the loose jaw push rod are located on two sides of a hinge shaft and abut against the clamping jaw, and the tight jaw push rod and the loose jaw push rod move along the radial direction of the fixture body.

Preferably, the release pawl push rod is sleeved with a pressure spring, one end of the pressure spring abuts against the clamp body, and the other end of the pressure spring abuts against the release pawl push rod.

Preferably, the clamp body is provided with an air cylinder, a piston rod of the air cylinder is provided with a conical block, and a conical surface of the conical block abuts against the end part of the tight claw push rod.

Preferably, the clamping jaw comprises a connecting portion connected with the clamp body in a hinged mode, a clamping portion located at the end portion of the clamping jaw, a first face and a second face, the first face and the second face are located at two ends of the connecting portion, the first face is located between the clamping portion and the connecting portion, the first face abuts against the loosening pawl push rod, the second face abuts against the tightening pawl push rod, and the second face gradually inclines outwards towards one side of the end portion of the clamping jaw.

Preferably, the fixture body is provided with a bottom plate, the outer edge of the bottom plate extends towards one side of the second sliding table to form an inner gear ring, the outer side of the inner gear ring is provided with an outer ring, balls are arranged between the outer ring and the inner gear ring, the inner side of the inner gear ring is provided with a driving motor, the output end of the driving motor is provided with a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the inner gear ring.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: can realize anchor clamps along X, Y, Z axle translation and rotation, can cooperate with the laser head of different forms to realize the work piece of different shapes and the laser cladding operation of different positions, have strong adaptability, the advantage of simple operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the clamp construction of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the clamp construction of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the clip of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures are as follows:

1. the clamp comprises a clamp body 11, a base 12, a clamp body 121, a hinge seat 122, a bottom plate 123, an inner gear ring 124, an outer ring 13, a clamping jaw 131, a connecting part 132, a clamping part 133, a first surface 134, a second surface 134, a clamping jaw push rod 14, a loosening jaw push rod 15, a pressure spring 16, a pressure spring 17, an air cylinder 171, a piston rod 172, a conical block 18, a driving motor 181, a driving gear 181, a two-dimensional coordinate moving mechanism 2, a first placing seat 21, a first sliding table 22, a first linear motor 23, a second placing seat 24, a second sliding table 25, a second linear motor 26, a second linear motor 27, a first guide rail 28, a second guide rail 3, an inclined supporting mechanism 31, a base 32, a working table plate 33 and a hydraulic cylinder.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to an embodiment in the drawing.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the table includes a jig 1, a two-dimensional coordinate moving mechanism 2, and a tilt support mechanism 3. The clamp 1 comprises a clamp body 12, a clamping jaw 13, a clamping jaw push rod 14 and a loosening jaw push rod 15. The two-dimensional coordinate moving mechanism 2 comprises a first placing seat 21, a first sliding table 22 moving along the first placing seat 21, a second placing seat 24 positioned on the first sliding table 22, and a second sliding table 25 moving along the second placing seat 24, and the fixture 1 is arranged on the second sliding table 25. The first placing seat 21 is provided with two parallel first guide rails 27, the second placing seat 24 is provided with two parallel second guide rails 28, the first guide rails 27 are parallel to the X axis, and the second guide rails 28 are parallel to the Y axis. The guide shafts of the first and second

linear motors

23 and 26 are parallel to the first and

second guide rails

27 and 28, respectively. The guide shaft of the linear motor and the guide rails on the two sides form a stable translation guide system. The tilting support mechanism 3 includes a base 31, a table plate 32, and four hydraulic cylinders 33, and the hydraulic cylinders 33 are fixed to the base 31 and are hinged to the table plate 32. The four hydraulic cylinders 33 are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the first mounting seat 21, namely the hydraulic cylinders 33 are distributed on four corners of a rectangle, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinders 33 can realize the rotation of the workbench around the direction parallel to the X axis and the Y axis.

The first placing seat 21 is provided with a first linear motor 23, the first linear motor 23 is connected with the first sliding table 22, the second placing seat 24 is provided with a second linear motor 26, and the second linear motor 26 is connected with the second sliding table 25.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the clamp body 12 is a cylindrical structure, a hinge seat 121 is arranged on the circumference of the clamp body 12, a clamping jaw 13 is hinged on the hinge seat 121, a clamping jaw push rod 14 and a loosening jaw push rod are located on two sides of a hinge shaft and abut against the clamping jaw 13, and the clamping jaw push rod and the loosening jaw push rod move along the radial direction of the clamp body 12. The number of the hinge seats 121 is four and is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the clamp body 12. The clamping jaws 13 can be hinged on the hinge seats 121 through pins or bolts, so that the clamping jaws 13 with different shapes can be selected according to the shape of a workpiece.

A pressure spring 16 is sleeved on the jaw release push rod 15, one end of the pressure spring 16 is abutted against the clamp body 12, and the other end of the pressure spring is abutted against the jaw release push rod 15. The clamp body 12 is provided with four guide grooves, the guide grooves extend along the radial direction of the clamp 1, the pressure spring 16 is positioned in the guide grooves, one end of the pressure spring abuts against the end parts of the guide grooves, and the other end of the pressure spring abuts against the convex parts on the loosening claw push rod 15.

The clamp body 12 is provided with an air cylinder 17, a piston rod 171 of the air cylinder 17 is provided with a conical block 172, and the conical surface of the conical block 172 is abutted against the end part of the clamping claw push rod 14.

The fixture body 12 is provided with a circular bottom plate 122, the outer edge of the bottom plate 122 extends towards one side of the second sliding table 25 to form an inner gear ring 123, and teeth are arranged on the inner side of the inner gear ring 123. The bottom plate 122, the inner gear ring 123 and the outer ring 124 form the base 11. An outer ring 124 is arranged on the outer side of the inner gear ring, and balls are arranged between the outer ring and the inner gear ring to form a micro slewing bearing structure. The inner side of the inner gear ring is provided with a driving motor 18, the output end of the driving motor 18 is provided with a driving gear 181, and the driving motor is positioned on one side of the side part of the bottom plate 122 close to the inner gear ring 123 and is fixed on the second sliding table 25. The driving gear is meshed with the inner gear ring, and the driving gear on the driving motor drives the inner gear ring to rotate so as to drive the clamp body 12 to rotate. The number of teeth of the driving gear is far less than that of the internal gear so as to decelerate the motor.

The cylinder 17 passes through the second slide table 25 and is fixed to the bottom plate 122, and a piston rod 171 thereof passes through the bottom plate. During installation, the bottom end cover of the cylinder 17 can be fixed at the lower end of the bottom plate 122 by using screws.

The clamping jaw 13 comprises a connecting portion 131 hingedly connected to the clamp body 12, a clamping portion 132 at an end of the clamping jaw 13, and a first face 133 and a second face 134 at opposite ends of the connecting portion 131. The first surface 133 is located between the clamping portion 132 and the connecting portion 131, the first surface 133 abuts against the pawl releasing push rod, the second surface 134 abuts against the pawl tightening push rod 14, and the second surface 134 gradually inclines outwards towards one side of the end portion of the clamping jaw 13. The end parts of the claw tightening push rod 14 and the claw feeding push rod are hemispherical. And when the clamping jaw push rod 14 pushes the clamping jaw 13 to rotate, the rotating speed is gradually reduced so as to reduce the speed of the push rod in the contact process with the workpiece, and the position of the placed workpiece is finely adjusted in the contact process.

The above description is only for explaining the present invention and making the present invention complete, but not limiting the present invention, and the skilled in the art can make modifications without inventive contribution to the present embodiment as required after reading the present specification, and these are all modifications without inventive contribution, but are protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi freedom laser cladding workstation suitable for complicated structure part which characterized in that: including anchor clamps (1), two-dimensional coordinate moving mechanism (2) and slope supporting mechanism (3), anchor clamps (1) are including the anchor clamps body (12), clamping jaw (13), tight claw push rod (14) and pine claw push rod (15), two-dimensional coordinate moving mechanism (2) include first arrangement seat (21), follow first slip table (22) that first arrangement seat (21) removed, be located second arrangement seat (24) on first slip table (22), and follow second slip table (25) that second arrangement seat (24) removed, anchor clamps (1) set up on second slip table (25), slope supporting mechanism (3) include base (31), work platen (32) and a plurality of pneumatic cylinder (33), pneumatic cylinder (33) drive work platen (32) rotate.

2. The multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be equipped with first linear electric motor (23) on first arrangement seat (21), the output shaft of first linear electric motor (23) with first slip table (22) are connected, be equipped with second linear electric motor (26) on second arrangement seat (24), the output shaft of second linear electric motor (26) with second slip table (25) are connected.

3. The multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the number of the hydraulic cylinders (33) is four, and the hydraulic cylinders (33) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first placement seat (21).

4. The multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the first placing seat (21) is provided with two first guide rails (27) which are parallel to each other, the second placing seat (24) is provided with two second guide rails (28) which are parallel to each other, and the first guide rails (27) are perpendicular to the second guide rails (28).

5. The multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the clamp body (12) is of a cylindrical structure, a hinge seat (121) is arranged in the circumferential direction of the clamp body (12), the clamping jaw (13) is hinged to the hinge seat (121), a tight jaw push rod (14) and a loose jaw push rod (15) are located on two sides of a hinge shaft and abut against the clamping jaw (13), and the tight jaw push rod (14) and the loose jaw push rod (15) can move in the radial direction of the clamp body (12).

6. The multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: a pressure spring (16) is arranged on the loosening claw push rod (15), one end of the pressure spring (16) abuts against the clamp body (12), and the other end of the pressure spring abuts against the loosening claw push rod (15).

7. The multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the clamp is characterized in that an air cylinder (17) is arranged on the clamp body (12), a conical block (172) is arranged on a piston rod (171) of the air cylinder (17), and a conical surface of the conical block (172) is abutted to the end part of the tight claw push rod (14).

8. The multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the clamping jaw (13) comprises a connecting portion (131) hinged to the clamp body (12), a clamping portion (132) located at the end of the clamping jaw (13), and a first face (133) and a second face (134) located at two ends of the connecting portion (131), wherein the first face (133) is located between the clamping portion (132) and the connecting portion (131), the first face (133) abuts against the loosening-jaw push rod (15), the second face (134) abuts against the tightening-jaw push rod (14), and the second face (134) gradually inclines outwards towards one side of the end of the clamping jaw (13).

9. The multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding workbench applicable to parts with complex structures, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be equipped with bottom plate (122) on the anchor clamps body (12), bottom plate (122) outer fringe extends to second slip table (25) one side and forms ring gear (123), ring gear (123) outside is equipped with outer lane (124), outer lane (124) with be equipped with the ball between ring gear (123), ring gear (123) inboard is equipped with driving motor (18), the output of driving motor (18) is equipped with drive gear (181), drive gear (181) with ring gear (123) meshing.