CN111393198A

CN111393198A - Vertical aerobic composting reactor and use method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111393198A
Application number: CN202010231974.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-27
Filing date: 2020-03-27
Publication date: 2020-07-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical aerobic composting reactor and a using method thereof, and the vertical aerobic composting reactor comprises a reactor device and a feeding device arranged at the upper end of the reactor device, wherein a lifting feeding device for feeding materials is distributed at one side of the feeding device; the reactor device comprises a hollow cylindrical reaction tank which is vertically arranged, and the discharging device comprises a hollow cylindrical discharging barrel. The invention mixes the compost from the proportion of the compost initial materials to put the mixed materials into the material conveying device, and then the compost is sent into the feeding device from the material conveying device through the lifting feeding device, the whole device is designed in a closed structure, the discharged odor and harmful gas are directly treated by the odor treatment device, and the feeding process is automatic. The discharging device discharges the lowest layer of materials in a downward movement mode of the material plate, layered discharge can be achieved, and the condition that the compost state is disordered is avoided.

Description

Vertical aerobic composting reactor and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of organic solid waste disposal and resource utilization, in particular to a vertical aerobic composting reactor and a using method thereof.

Background

The composting technology is widely applied to the harmless treatment of organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, wastes generated in the production process of livestock and fish, kitchen wastes, agricultural and forestry production wastes, sludge of municipal sewage treatment plants and the like, and is a technology for converting the organic wastes into organic fertilizers.

The vertical aerobic composting reactor comprises a feeding system, a stirring system, an aeration system, an odor treatment system, a material discharge system and the like, wherein materials are conveyed into a fermentation bin from the top, the stirring device uniformly mixes composting raw materials, air is blown into the compost from the bottom, waste gas is collected and treated at the upper part, and the compost is taken out from the bottom, wherein the typical composting period of the composting reactor is 10 days.

The existing vertical aerobic composting reactor has the defects of compacted raw materials, poor ventilation performance, large ventilation resistance, difficult homogenization of products and the like due to the gravity accumulation effect of internal materials, and particularly comprises the following steps:

at first because current mixing system's defect, can't realize effective oxygen suppliment to the material that storehouse body inside is close to the bulkhead position, effectual stirring, the quality is far less than the quality of intermediate position material after this position compost fermentation, its moisture content, the PH value, the nitrogen content, the total phosphorus content, the C/N ratio, seed germination index etc. all have very big difference with the intermediate position material in the storehouse, influence the quality of the fertilizer of whole production, can not satisfy the demand of compost microorganism to oxygen when the air volume, lead to anaerobic fermentation easily, thereby produced a large amount of organic acids and made the PH value descend, and then produced the foul smell. The maximum temperature of the compost cannot exceed 70 ℃, and is generally 38-55 ℃. If the ventilation effect is not good, the temperature cannot be controlled within a reasonable range.

Secondly, present material discharge system generally uses and stirs the cage ejection of compact machine, because storehouse style aerobic composting reactor is according to compost processing cycle (10 days), all need material loading and discharge material every day, inside material should divide into 10 layers according to the compost state, the material of discharging every day should be the material that puts into the reactor in the same batch one day at that time, nevertheless stir the discharge material system of cage and very obviously can't accomplish the layering and discharge, this will lead to storehouse internal material to be close to and stir cage position material priority and discharge, and then cause this position storehouse internal material compost state to be disorderly, the discharge contains not handling to 10 days the material that accords with the discharge standard.

Meanwhile, the compost is completely designed in an open structure from the mixing of the compost initial materials to the placing of the mixed materials into the feeding hopper, and then the compost is fed into the reactor from the feeding hopper through the feeding system, so that the discharged odor and harmful gases directly pollute the environment and influence the physical health of workers.

In addition, in the reactor operation process, because stirring vane among the prior art generally is the cantilever beam structure, because of the inside material density of reactor is great, phenomenon such as bending rupture appears easily in stirring vane, has caused traditional vertical reactor to need frequent maintenance, has interrupted production scheduling problem.

Finally, the particles of the compost materials are large and uneven, and the fermentation effect is influenced by the anaerobic fermentation phenomenon to a certain degree which is inevitable in the aerobic composting process.

To this end we propose a vertical aerobic composting reactor and a method of using it to solve the above mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a vertical aerobic composting reactor and a using method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a vertical aerobic composting reactor comprises a reactor device and a feeding device arranged at the upper end of the reactor device, wherein the top of the feeding device is communicated with an odor treatment device through a pipeline, a lifting feeding device for feeding materials is distributed on one side of the feeding device, the lifting feeding device is vertically distributed on one side of the reactor device and is positioned in a sealed shield, the shield is also communicated with the odor treatment device through the pipeline, the lifting feeding device comprises a lifting hopper capable of ascending and descending, the lifting hopper is used for feeding materials through a material conveying device horizontally distributed below the lifting feeding device, and an auger feeding device for primary feeding is arranged at the outer end of the material conveying device;

the reactor device comprises a vertically placed hollow cylindrical reaction tank, the top of the reaction tank is fixedly connected with an upper cover of a feeding device through bolts, the bottom of the reaction tank is fixedly connected with a sleeve base through bolts, a blade stirring structure is rotatably installed in the reaction tank and comprises a hollow connecting shaft and stirring blades uniformly distributed on the connecting shaft, the outer ends of the stirring blades are connected with a plurality of scraping plates with bevel edges, the upper ends of the scraping plates are simultaneously connected with an upper flange, the lower ends of the scraping plates are simultaneously connected with a lower flange, and the scraping plates are close to but not in contact with the inner wall of the reaction tank;

the interior of the stirring blade is of a hollow structure, a plurality of vent holes vertically penetrate through the stirring blade, the vent holes are communicated with an air cavity in the connecting shaft, the upper end of the air cavity is communicated with one end of an air inlet pipe, and the other end of the air inlet pipe penetrates through a feeding device and extends out of and is communicated with an air pump;

the discharging device is fixed below the sleeve base and comprises a hollow cylindrical discharging barrel, a discharging opening is formed in the top opening and the side face of the discharging barrel, a material plate is movably arranged in the middle of the discharging device, one end of a plurality of third cylinders is hinged to the bottom of the material plate, the third cylinders are vertically installed at the bottom of the discharging barrel, one end of the material plate is located at the top of the discharging opening, and a driving mechanism for driving the discharging barrel to move horizontally is further arranged on one side of the discharging barrel.

Preferably, lift loading attachment still includes the vertical rack of fixing in reactor device side, rack upper portion is equipped with and supplies the rolling track of drive gear, and the inside tooth that all is equipped with corresponding and meshes with drive gear contact department of rack, and drive gear installs the side at the backup pad, the backup pad is on a parallel with the rack and distributes, and round pin axle rotatable coupling is passed through at the top of backup pad the lift hopper, the articulated one end of connecting the second cylinder in backup pad bottom, the other end of second cylinder articulates on the side that the lift hopper corresponds.

Preferably, the material transporting device comprises a supporting groove and a turnover hopper movably arranged in the supporting groove, a turnover shaft is fixedly connected to one side, close to the lifting and feeding device, of the top of the turnover hopper, two ends of the turnover shaft are movably inserted into mounting lugs at the end part of the supporting groove, connecting rods are fixedly connected to two ends of the turnover shaft, the connecting rods are movably hinged to first air cylinders fixedly connected to the side face of the supporting groove, driving wheels are distributed at the bottom of the supporting groove, the driving wheels are clamped on guide rails matched with the driving wheels, the driving wheels are driven by motors, and the guide rails are horizontally distributed below the lifting and feeding device.

Preferably, a stirring tank device is installed above one end, far away from the lifting and feeding device, of the guide rail in a spanning mode, the stirring tank device comprises a fertilizer tank with openings at the upper end and the lower end, a stirring blade is installed in the fertilizer tank, the stirring blade is driven by a third motor installed on the side face of the fertilizer tank, and when the support tank and the turnover hopper move to one end, far away from the lifting and feeding device, of the guide rail, the turnover hopper is located right below the opening at the lower end of the fertilizer tank;

the fertilizer groove upper end opening is located auger loading attachment's the exit of protecting a section of thick bamboo, auger loading attachment still installs the helical blade who protects a section of thick bamboo inside including rotating, helical blade passes through second motor drive, protect a bottom of the section of thick bamboo and install on the base through the round pin axle, and protect a lower extreme intercommunication and install preliminary feeding funnel.

Preferably, the feeding device further comprises a hopper fixedly communicated with the top of the upper cover, a rotating shaft is transversely installed at the bottom end of the hopper, stirring shafts are evenly distributed on the rotating shaft, a first motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is installed on the side face of the hopper, a mesh screen is further arranged at the bottom end of the hopper, and the top of the upper cover is communicated with the odor treatment device through a pipeline;

the outer side of the stirring shaft is sleeved with a cutting edge for crushing raw materials, the outer end face of the stirring shaft is provided with a cavity in a concave manner, a ball is fixedly connected in the cavity through a spring, the ball is movably contacted with a mesh screen, and the aperture of the mesh screen is 50-100 mm.

Preferably, the stirring blades are divided into an upper end stirring blade, a plurality of middle stirring blades and a lower end stirring blade, wherein the upper end stirring blade is arranged at the top of the connecting shaft, the plurality of middle stirring blades are arranged in the middle of the connecting shaft, the lower end stirring blade is arranged at the bottom of the connecting shaft, and the scraping plate is connected with the outer ends of the upper end stirring blade, the middle stirring blade and the lower end stirring blade;

the upper end stirring blade comprises an upper blade sleeve shaft sleeved at the top end of the connecting shaft, a through hole is formed in the upper blade sleeve shaft, the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air cavity of the connecting shaft through the upper blade sleeve shaft, a plurality of triangular prism-shaped upper blades are fixedly communicated with the outer side surface of the upper blade sleeve shaft, a plurality of through upper vent holes are uniformly distributed in the upper blades, the outer ends of the upper blades are simultaneously connected with the inner wall of the blade ring, and upper end keys matched with key grooves vertically distributed in the scraper blade are arranged at the outer ends of the blade ring;

the middle stirring blade comprises a middle blade sleeve shaft sleeved in the middle of the connecting shaft, the side surface of the middle blade sleeve shaft is fixedly communicated with a plurality of triangular prism-shaped middle blades, a plurality of penetrating middle vent holes are uniformly distributed in the middle blades, the outer ends of the middle blades are provided with middle end keys, and the middle end keys are matched and clamped with key grooves in the scraping plate;

the lower-end stirring blade comprises a lower blade sleeve shaft sleeved at the bottom of the connecting shaft, the side surface of the lower blade sleeve shaft is fixedly communicated with a plurality of triangular prism-shaped lower blades, a plurality of penetrating lower vent holes are uniformly distributed in the lower blades, lower end keys are arranged at the outer ends of the lower blades and are matched and clamped with key grooves in the scraping plate, and limiting blocks for limiting the lower end keys to slide out are arranged at the bottom ends of the key grooves;

the connecting shafts among the upper blade sleeve shaft, the plurality of middle blade sleeve shafts and the lower blade sleeve shaft are sleeved with spacer sleeves, a plurality of air holes are transversely formed in the connecting shafts in contact with the upper blade sleeve shaft, the middle blade sleeve shafts and the lower blade sleeve shafts, and the air holes are communicated with the air cavity and the air holes in the stirring blades.

Preferably, the intake pipe includes intake pipe and last intake pipe down, through the rotatable intercommunication of rotary joint between intake pipe and the last intake pipe down, connecting axle and intake pipe intercommunication down, it runs through and stretches out the upper cover to go up the intake pipe.

Preferably, an opening at the top of the reaction tank is fixedly connected with an inner ring of the upper external tooth slewing bearing, an outer ring of the upper external tooth slewing bearing is meshed with an upper gear, the upper gear is rotatably mounted on an upper mounting plate on the side surface of the top of the reaction tank and is driven by a motor, the top of the outer ring of the upper external tooth slewing bearing is fixedly connected with the bottom of an upper flange through a bolt, the top of the upper flange is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the upper slewing bearing through a bolt, and the inner ring of the upper slewing bearing is fixedly connected with the inner top of an upper cover.

Preferably, the bottom opening of the reaction tank is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the lower external tooth slewing bearing, the outer ring of the lower external tooth slewing bearing is meshed with the lower gear, the lower gear is rotatably installed on a lower installation plate on the side surface of the bottom of the reaction tank, the lower gear is driven by a motor, the bottom of the outer ring of the lower external tooth slewing bearing is fixedly connected with the top of the lower flange through a bolt, the bottom of the lower flange is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the lower slewing bearing through a bolt, the inner ring of the lower slewing bearing is fixedly connected with the sleeve base through a bolt, and a sealing sleeve is fixedly connected with the.

Preferably, actuating mechanism includes sliding support, sliding support and the outside rigid coupling of discharge cylinder, the sliding support bottom is equipped with the gyro wheel, and sliding support rolls and places on the chassis, horizontal installation has the third cylinder on the chassis, the drive end rigid coupling sliding support of third cylinder.

A use method of a vertical aerobic composting reactor adopts a periodic fermentation treatment mode for compost, the period is ten days, one tenth of fertilizer is injected every day, and one tenth of fertilizer passing the day period is discharged, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: pouring one tenth of the materials into a primary feeding hopper, and feeding the fertilizer into a fertilizer tank device by using a spiral blade for primary stirring;

step two: the primarily stirred materials are poured into a material conveying device at one time, the material conveying device moves to one side of a lifting feeding device along a guide rail, and the materials are poured into a lifting hopper;

step three: the lifting hopper moves upwards along the rack and pours the materials into the feeding device;

step four: materials poured into the feeding device through the lifting hopper are broken by the cutting edges alternately distributed on the stirring shaft, and the materials enter the reaction tank through the mesh screen;

step five: the blade stirring device rotates in the reaction tank to stir the materials; air is filled into the air cavity of the connecting shaft through the air inlet pipe while stirring, the air cavity is communicated with the vent holes on each upper blade, each middle blade and each lower blade through the air holes, so that the air is discharged from the vent holes on each stirring blade, and the materials in each position in the bin body are effectively supplied with oxygen, so that the materials are fermented;

step six: the fertilizer composted for ten days in the reaction tank is positioned at the lowest end of the reaction tank, layering is obvious, when the fertilizer at the bottom of the reaction tank needs to be unloaded, the sliding support is pulled back through the fourth cylinder, so that the top opening of the discharge cylinder faces to the lower end opening of the sleeve base, then the third cylinder contracts simultaneously, the fertilizer at the lowest layer in the reaction tank falls into the discharge cylinder, and the third cylinder contracts simultaneously until the top of the material plate is level with the upper end of the discharge opening; then the third cylinder close to one side of the discharge opening is contracted, and the material plate inclines towards the direction of the discharge opening to discharge and collect the fertilizer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the vertical aerobic composting reactor is used for mixing the composting initial materials according to the proportion, putting the mixed materials into the material conveying device, and then conveying the materials into the feeding device from the material conveying device through the lifting feeding device, and is completely designed in a closed structure, so that the discharged odor and harmful gases are directly treated by the odor treatment device, and meanwhile, the feeding process is automatic, so that the labor force is saved, and the working efficiency is improved.

2. The vertical aerobic composting reactor is provided with a stirring tank device to fully stir initial mixed materials.

3. Feed arrangement sets up the (mixing) shaft, and alternate distribution's cutting edge breaks up the material on the (mixing) shaft, helps the material to pass through the mesh screen, and the material granule of avoiding getting into in the reactor is too big, causes anaerobic fermentation's phenomenon, and the ball tip avoids the mesh screen hole to block up in getting into the hole of mesh screen.

4. The vertical aerobic composting reactor is provided with the scraper, so that materials in the reaction tank close to the tank wall are scraped, and the air holes of the stirring blades are distributed at the edges of the blades densely and effectively to supply oxygen, so that the quality of organic fertilizers is improved.

5. The blade agitating unit of reactor device, convenient dismantlement, change spare part, the stirring vane cross-section is triangle-shaped and helps the stirring and increase blade stability.

6. The driving device of the blade stirring device is changed into the outer ring driving of the external tooth slewing bearing, so that the power of the motor can be reduced.

7. According to the invention, the roller is arranged on the discharging device of the vertical aerobic composting reactor, so that the friction force is reduced in the moving process, the lowest layer of material is discharged in a downward movement mode of the material plate, layered discharge can be realized, and the condition that the composting state is disordered is avoided.

8. The stirring vane both ends of new construction all have the support, have changed the cantilever beam structure among the prior art, when stirring the operation, are difficult to take place the condition of crooked rupture, improve production efficiency, reduce running cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a packing auger feeding device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a packing auger feeding device in the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the auger feeding device, the stirring tank device and the material transporting device in the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the agitation tank assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the material transporting device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a front view of the material handling device of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the material handling device of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the elevating and feeding device of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a side view of the elevating and feeding device of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a feeding device according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a feeding assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the upper lid and hopper of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the stirring shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the stirring shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of an air inlet tube according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic perspective view of a feed apparatus and a reactor apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a feed apparatus and a reactor apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a partial top plan view of the invention of FIG. 19;

FIG. 21 is a partial schematic view of the lower middle portion of FIG. 19 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic perspective view of a reaction tank according to the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a sectional view of a reaction tank in the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic perspective view of a blade stirring device according to the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a sectional view of a blade agitator assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 26 is an enlarged view taken at A of FIG. 25 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a partial schematic view of a squeegee according to the invention;

FIG. 28 is a perspective view of an upper end stirring blade according to the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a sectional view of an upper end stirring vane of the present invention;

FIG. 30 is a perspective view of a middle stirring blade of the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view of a middle stirring vane of the present invention;

FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a lower end stirring blade in the present invention;

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of a lower end stirring vane in the present invention;

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of a discharge apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 35 is a perspective view of a discharge apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 36 is a schematic view showing the construction of a discharge vessel according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1 reactor device, 11 reaction tank, 1101 upper mounting plate, 1102 lower mounting plate, 12 sleeve base, 1201 sealing sleeve, 13 connecting shaft, 1301 air cavity, 1302 air hole, 1303 spacer sleeve, 14 scraper, 140 key slot, 1402 bevel edge, 151 upper flange, 152 lower flange, 16 upper end stirring blade, 161 upper blade, 1611 upper air hole, 162 blade ring, 1621 upper end key, 163 upper blade sleeve shaft, 17 middle stirring blade, 171 middle blade, 1711 middle air hole, 1712 middle end key, 172 middle blade sleeve shaft, 18 lower end stirring blade, 181 lower blade, 1811 lower air hole, 1812 lower end key, 182 lower blade sleeve shaft, 191 upper external tooth rotary support, 1911 upper gear, 192 lower rotary support, 1921 lower gear, 193 upper rotary support, 194 lower rotary support, 2 feeding device, 21 upper cover, 22 hopper, 2201 mesh screen, 23 air inlet pipe, 231 lower, 232 upper air inlet pipe, 233 rotary joint, 24-shaft, 25-first-motor, 26-stirring shaft, 2601-blade, 2602-ball, 2603-spring, 3-auger feeding device, 31-base, 32-protective cylinder, 33-primary feeding hopper, 34-second-motor, 35-helical-blade, 4-stirring-tank device, 41-fertilizer tank, 42-third-motor, 43-stirring-blade, 5-conveying device, 51-supporting tank, 5101-driving wheel, 5102-mounting lug, 52-guide rail, 53-turnover hopper, 5301-turnover shaft, 54-connecting rod, 55-first-cylinder, 6-lifting-feeding device, 61-lifting hopper, 62-supporting plate, 63-driving gear, 64-fourth-motor, 65-rack, 66-second-cylinder, 7-discharging device, 71-discharging cylinder, 7101-discharging opening, 7102-baffle plate, 72-flitch, 73-third-cylinder, 74-fourth-cylinder, 75-sliding bracket, 7501-roller, 76-base-frame, 8-9-odor-treating.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a vertical good oxygen compost reactor, include reactor device 1 and install feed arrangement 2 in reactor device 1 upper end, pipeline intercommunication odor treatment device 9 is passed through at 2 tops of feed arrangement, one side distribution of feed arrangement 2 has the lift loading attachment 6 for its feed, 6 vertical distributions of lift loading attachment are in one side of reactor device 1, and lift loading attachment 6 is located sealed guard shield 8, guard shield 8 is equally through pipeline intercommunication odor treatment device 9, odor treatment device 9 adopts the odor treatment facility among the prior art, can handle the odor in reactor device 1 and guard shield 8, prevent the outside direct emission of the odor of fertilizer among material loading process and the compost reaction process.

Referring to fig. 1-9, the materials in the feeding device 2 are fed by the combination of the auger feeding device 3, the fertilizer tank device 4, the material transporting device 5 and the lifting feeding device 6, wherein the fertilizer tank device 4, the material transporting device 5, the lifting feeding device 6 and the feeding device 2 are hermetically installed in the shield 8, as follows:

auger loading attachment 3 is including protecting a section of thick bamboo 32 and rotating and installing the helical blade 35 of protecting a section of thick bamboo 32 inside, helical blade 35 passes through the drive of second motor 34, it installs on base 31 through the round pin axle to protect a section of thick bamboo 32 bottom, and protect a section of thick bamboo 32 lower extreme intercommunication and install preliminary feeding funnel 33, auger loading attachment 3 protects an exit of section of thick bamboo 32 and stretches into in the guard shield 8, and be located 41 upper end open-ended tops of fertilizer groove, auger loading attachment 3 installs subaerial, fertilizer is directly poured into in preliminary feeding funnel 33, preliminary feeding funnel 33 top is equipped with transparent lid, can be sealed with preliminary feeding funnel 33 after preliminary feeding, prevent that the foul smell from discharging. The spiral blade 35 conveys the fertilizer to the outlet of the casing 32, from where it falls into the fertilizer tank 41 of the agitation tank assembly 4.

Guide rail 52 is kept away from lift loading attachment 6's one end top and is spanned and install stirred tank device 4, and stirred tank device 4 includes the equal open-ended fertilizer groove 41 of upper and lower extreme, installs stirring vane 43 in the fertilizer groove 41, and stirring vane 43 is through installing the drive of the third motor 42 in the fertilizer groove 41 side, and the material that drops in the fertilizer groove 41 is smashed under stirring vane 43's effect tentatively to in the material transporting device 5 that drops from lower extreme exit.

Referring to fig. 7-9, the material transporting device 5 includes a supporting slot 51 and an overturning hopper 53 movably disposed in the supporting slot 51, a overturning shaft 5301 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the overturning hopper 53 near the elevating and feeding device 6, two ends of the overturning shaft 5301 are movably inserted into mounting lugs 5102 at the end of the supporting slot 51, two ends of the overturning shaft 5301 are further fixedly connected to connecting rods 54, the connecting rods 54 are fixedly connected to first cylinders 55 movably hinged to the side of the supporting slot 51, driving wheels 5101 are distributed at the bottom of the supporting slot 51, the driving wheels 5101 are clamped on a guide rail 52 matched with the driving wheels, the driving wheels 5101 are driven by a motor, and the guide rail 52 is horizontally distributed below the elevating and feeding device 6.

The motor drives drive wheel 5101 and moves on guide rail 52, when material transporting device 5 moves guide rail 52 and keeps away from the one end of lift loading attachment 6, upset hopper 53 is located 41 lower extreme open-ended of fertilizer groove under, thereby can catch the department's material that drops from 41 lower extreme exports of fertilizer groove, material transporting device 5 after the dress material moves the other end of guide rail 52, lift loading attachment 6 is located the bottom this moment, first cylinder 55 stretches out and drives connecting rod 54 and rotate, thereby drive upset hopper 53 through upset axle 5301 and outwards overturn from supporting groove 51, pour the material in the upset hopper 53 into the lift hopper 61 of lift loading attachment 6.

Referring to fig. 2 and 10-11, the lifting and feeding device 6 includes a lifting hopper 61 capable of lifting up and down and a rack 65 vertically fixed on the side of the reactor device 1, the upper portion of the rack 65 is provided with a track for the driving gear 63 to roll, and the contact portion between the inside of the rack 65 and the driving gear 63 is provided with corresponding teeth and meshed with the driving gear 63, the driving gear 63 is installed on the side of the supporting plate 62, the supporting plate 62 is parallel to the rack 65, the top of the supporting plate 62 is rotatably connected with the lifting hopper 61 through a pin shaft, the bottom of the supporting plate 62 is hinged with one end of a second cylinder 66, and the other end of the second cylinder 66 is hinged on the corresponding side of the.

Because the volume of the reactor device 1 is generally large, the feeding work in the prior art is that a matched and mixed material is put into the lifting hopper 61 by a manual shovel, then the lifting hopper 61 which ascends and descends is adopted to realize the feeding work, the driving gear 63 is driven to rotate by a motor during the work, and the driving gear 63 is meshed on a track inside the rack 65, so that the lifting hopper 61 can be controlled to move up and down. The side surface of the lifting hopper 61 is also connected with the supporting plate 62 through a second cylinder 66, when the lifting hopper 61 moves to the highest position, the second cylinder 66 extends out to drive the lifting hopper 61, and materials in the lifting hopper 61 are directly poured into the feeding device 2.

Referring to fig. 1-2 and 12-20, the reactor device 1 includes a vertically disposed hollow cylindrical reaction tank 11, the top of the reaction tank 11 is fixedly connected to an upper cover 21 of the feeding device 2 through a bolt, the bottom of the reaction tank 11 is fixedly connected to a sleeve base 12 through a bolt, a blade stirring structure is rotatably installed in the reaction tank 11,

the feeding device 2 further comprises a hopper 22 fixedly communicated with the top of the upper cover 21, a rotating shaft 24 is transversely installed at the bottom end of the hopper 22, stirring shafts 26 are uniformly distributed on the rotating shaft 24, a first motor 25 for driving the rotating shaft 24 to rotate is installed on the side face of the hopper 22, a mesh screen 2201 is further arranged at the bottom end of the hopper 22, and the top of the upper cover 21 is communicated with the odor treatment device 9 through a pipeline;

referring to fig. 15-16, the outer side of the stirring shaft 26 is sleeved with a blade 2601 for crushing raw materials, the outer end surface of the stirring shaft 26 is recessed to form a cavity, a round ball 2602 is fixedly connected in the cavity through a spring 2603, the round ball 2602 is movably contacted with the mesh screen 2201, and the aperture of the mesh screen 2201 is 50-100 mm.

The materials poured into the feeding device 2 through the lifting hopper 61 are smashed by the blades alternately distributed on the stirring shaft, the materials can pass through the mesh screen 2201, the end part of the round ball 2602 can enter the hole of the mesh screen 2201, and the mesh screen 2201 is prevented from being blocked.

Referring to fig. 24-33, the blade stirring structure includes a hollow connecting shaft 13, and stirring blades uniformly distributed on the connecting shaft 13, the outer ends of the stirring blades are connected with a plurality of scrapers 14 having inclined edges 1402, the upper ends of the plurality of scrapers 14 are simultaneously connected with an upper flange 151, the lower ends of the scrapers 14 are simultaneously connected with a lower flange 152, and the scrapers 14 are close to but not in contact with the inner wall of the reaction tank 11, so that the scrapers 14 can scrape off the material adhered to the inner wall of the reaction tank 11.

Stirring vane's cross-sectional shape is triangle-shaped, and its hypotenuse is towards stirring vane pivoted direction, is favorable to stirring the material and improves stirring vane's stability for hollow structure, stirring vane.

Vertical a plurality of air vents that run through on the stirring vane, a plurality of air vents all communicate with the inside air cavity 1301 of connecting axle 13, air cavity 1301 upper end and the intercommunication of intake pipe 23 one end, the intake pipe 23 other end runs through feed arrangement 2 and stretches out the intercommunication air pump, intake pipe 23 includes intake pipe 231 and last intake pipe 232 down, through the rotatable intercommunication of rotary joint 233 between intake pipe 231 and the last intake pipe 232 down, connecting axle 13 and intake pipe 231 intercommunication down, last intake pipe 232 runs through and stretches out upper cover 21.

Referring to fig. 24-25 and fig. 28-33, the stirring vanes are divided into an upper end stirring vane 16, a plurality of middle stirring vanes 17 and a lower end stirring vane 18, wherein the upper end stirring vane 16 is installed on the top of the connecting shaft 13, the plurality of middle stirring vanes 17 are installed in the middle of the connecting shaft 13, the lower end stirring vane 18 is installed at the bottom of the connecting shaft 13, and the scraper 14 is connected with the outer ends of the upper end stirring vane 16, the middle stirring vane 17 and the lower end stirring vane 18;

the upper end stirring blade 16 comprises an upper blade sleeve shaft 163 sleeved at the top end of the connecting shaft 13, a through hole is formed in the upper blade sleeve shaft 163, the air inlet pipe 23 is communicated with an air cavity 1301 of the connecting shaft 13 through the upper blade sleeve shaft 163, the outer side surface of the upper blade sleeve shaft 163 is fixedly communicated with a plurality of triangular prism-shaped upper blades 161, a plurality of through upper vent holes 1611 are uniformly distributed in the upper blades 161, the outer ends of the upper blades 161 are simultaneously connected with the inner wall of the blade ring 162, and the outer ends of the blade ring 162 are provided with upper end keys 1621 matched with key grooves 1401 vertically distributed on the scraper 14;

the middle stirring blade 17 comprises a middle blade sleeve shaft 172 sleeved in the middle of the connecting shaft 13, the side surface of the middle blade sleeve shaft 172 is fixedly communicated with a plurality of triangular prism-shaped middle blades 171, a plurality of penetrating middle vent holes 1711 are uniformly distributed on the middle blades 171, the outer ends of the middle blades 171 are provided with middle end keys 1712, and the middle end keys 1712 are matched and clamped with key grooves 1401 on the scraper 14;

the lower-end stirring blade 18 comprises a lower blade sleeve shaft 182 sleeved at the bottom of the connecting shaft 13, the side surface of the lower blade sleeve shaft 182 is fixedly communicated with a plurality of triangular prism-shaped lower blades 181, a plurality of lower through air vents 1811 are uniformly distributed on the lower blades 181, the outer end of each lower blade 181 is provided with a lower end key 1812, the lower end key 1812 is matched and clamped with a key groove 1401 on the scraper 14, and the bottom end of the key groove 1401 is provided with a limiting block for limiting the lower end key 1812 to slide out;

the connecting shaft 13 among the upper blade sleeve shaft 163, the plurality of middle blade sleeve shafts 172 and the lower blade sleeve shaft 182 is sleeved with a spacer 1303, a plurality of air holes 1302 are transversely arranged in the connecting shaft 13 contacted with the upper blade sleeve shaft 163, the middle blade sleeve shafts 172 and the lower blade sleeve shaft 182, and the air holes 1302 are communicated with the air cavities 1301 and the air holes on the stirring blades.

Air is filled into the air cavity 1301 of the connecting shaft 13 through the air inlet pipe 23, and the air cavity 1301 is communicated with the air holes of each of the upper blade 161, the middle blade 171 and the lower blade 181 through the air holes 1302, so that the air is discharged from the air holes of the respective stirring blades. The vent holes at the edges of any one of the upper blade 161, the middle blade 171 and the lower blade 181 are densely distributed relative to the center, so that effective oxygen supply and effective stirring can be realized for the materials in the bin body close to the bin wall, and the quality of the composted materials in the position is equivalent to that of the materials in the middle position.

Referring to fig. 18-23, an opening at the top of the reaction tank 11 is fixedly connected with an inner ring of the upper external-tooth slewing bearing 191, an outer ring of the upper external-tooth slewing bearing 191 is engaged with an upper gear 1911, the upper gear 1911 is rotatably mounted on the upper mounting plate 1101 on the side surface at the top of the reaction tank 11, the upper gear 1911 is driven by a motor, the top of the outer ring of the upper external-tooth slewing bearing 191 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper flange 151 through bolts, the top of the upper flange 151 is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the upper slewing bearing 193 through bolts, and the inner ring of the upper slewing bearing 193 is.

An opening at the bottom of the reaction tank 11 is fixedly connected with an inner ring of the lower external-tooth slewing bearing 192, an outer ring of the lower external-tooth slewing bearing 192 is meshed with a lower gear 1921, the lower gear 1921 is rotatably mounted on a lower mounting plate 1102 on the side surface of the bottom of the reaction tank 11, the lower gear 1921 is driven by a motor, the bottom of the outer ring of the lower external-tooth slewing bearing 192 is fixedly connected with the top of the lower flange 152 through a bolt, the bottom of the lower flange 152 is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the lower slewing bearing 194 through a bolt, an inner ring of the lower slewing bearing 194 is fixedly connected with the sleeve base 12 through a bolt.

The blade stirring device is fixed in the reaction tank 11 by using the upper flange 151 and the lower flange 152 which are distributed up and down, and when the upper gear 1911 and the lower gear 1921 are driven by the motor to rotate simultaneously, the outer rings of the upper external tooth slewing bearing 191 and the lower external tooth slewing bearing 192 can be driven to rotate simultaneously, so that the blade stirring device rotates in the reaction tank 11, and the stirring of the materials is realized.

Referring to fig. 1-2 and 34-36, a discharging device 7 is fixed below the sleeve base 12, the discharging device 7 includes a hollow cylindrical discharging cylinder 71, a discharging opening 7101 is opened at the top opening and the side surface of the discharging cylinder 71, a material plate 72 is movably disposed in the middle of the discharging device 7, the bottom of the material plate 72 is hinged to one end of a plurality of third cylinders 73, the third cylinders 73 are vertically installed at the bottom of the discharging cylinder 71, one end of the material plate 72 is located at the top of the discharging opening 7101, and a driving mechanism for driving the discharging cylinder 71 to horizontally move is further disposed at one side of the discharging cylinder 71.

The third cylinder 73 is distributed below the material plate 72 in a matrix mode, the driving end of the third cylinder 73 movably penetrates through the baffle 7102, the baffle 7102 is connected with the inner part of the discharging barrel 71, and the baffle 7102 is positioned in the middle of the discharging opening 7101.

The driving mechanism comprises a sliding support 75, the sliding support 75 is fixedly connected with the outer side of the discharging cylinder 71, a roller 7501 is arranged at the bottom of the sliding support 75, the sliding support 75 is placed on the underframe 76 in a rolling mode, a fourth air cylinder 74 is horizontally arranged on the underframe 76, and the driving end of the fourth air cylinder 74 is fixedly connected with the sliding support 75.

When the composting reaction is performed on the materials in the reaction tank 11, the top opening of the discharge cylinder 71 is staggered with the lower end opening of the sleeve base 12, and the top of the sliding support 75 is attached to the lower part of the sleeve base 12.

When fertilizer at the bottom of the reaction tank 11 needs to be discharged, the sliding bracket 75 is pulled back by the fourth cylinder 74, so that the top opening of the discharge cylinder 71 faces the lower end opening of the sleeve base 12, and the third cylinder 73 is still in an extended state, so that the top of the material plate 72 is flush with the top of the discharge cylinder 71.

Then the third cylinder 73 contracts simultaneously, and the fertilizer at the bottommost layer in the reaction tank 11 falls into the discharge cylinder 71 until the top of the material plate 72 is flush with the upper end of the discharge opening 7101, and the third cylinder 73 contracts simultaneously. The height of the material plate 72 can be set so that the manure in the discharge chute 71 is exactly one tenth of the manure in the reaction tank 11, which ensures that the material in the reaction tank 11 is discharged in layers according to a 10-day period in the composting process. When discharging, the third cylinder 73 near the discharge opening 7101 is contracted, and the material plate 72 is inclined towards the discharge opening 7101, so that the fertilizer is discharged and collected.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a vertical good oxygen compost reactor, includes reactor device (1) and installs feed arrangement (2) in reactor device (1) upper end, and pipeline intercommunication odor treatment device (9) are passed through at feed arrangement (2) top, and one side distribution of feed arrangement (2) is for lift loading attachment (6) of its feed, lift loading attachment (6) vertical distribution is in one side of reactor device (1), and lift loading attachment (6) are located sealed guard shield (8), guard shield (8) are equally through pipeline intercommunication odor treatment device (9), its characterized in that: the lifting feeding device (6) comprises a lifting hopper (61) capable of lifting up and down, the lifting hopper (61) supplies materials through a material conveying device (5) horizontally distributed below the lifting feeding device (6), and an auger feeding device (3) for primary feeding is mounted at the outer end of the material conveying device (5);

the reactor device (1) comprises a vertically placed hollow cylindrical reaction tank (11), the top of the reaction tank (11) is fixedly connected with an upper cover (21) of a feeding device (2) through bolts, the bottom of the reaction tank (11) is fixedly connected with a sleeve base (12) through bolts, a blade stirring structure is rotatably installed in the reaction tank (11), the blade stirring structure comprises a hollow connecting shaft (13) and stirring blades uniformly distributed on the connecting shaft (13), the outer ends of the stirring blades are connected with a plurality of scraping plates (14) with bevel edges (1402), the upper ends of the scraping plates (14) are simultaneously connected with an upper flange (151), the lower end of each scraping plate (14) is simultaneously connected with a lower flange (152), and the scraping plates (14) are close to but not in contact with the inner wall of the reaction tank (11);

the stirring blade is internally of a hollow structure, a plurality of vent holes vertically penetrate through the stirring blade, the vent holes are communicated with an air cavity (1301) in the connecting shaft (13), the upper end of the air cavity (1301) is communicated with one end of an air inlet pipe (23), and the other end of the air inlet pipe (23) penetrates through the feeding device (2) and extends out of the air pump;

the discharging device (7) is fixed below the sleeve base (12), the discharging device (7) comprises a hollow cylindrical discharging barrel (71), a discharging opening (7101) is formed in the top opening and the side face of the discharging barrel (71), a material plate (72) is movably arranged in the middle of the discharging device (7), one end of a plurality of third air cylinders (73) is hinged to the bottom of the material plate (72), the third air cylinders (73) are vertically installed at the bottom of the discharging barrel (71), one end of the material plate (72) is located at the top of the discharging opening (7101), and a driving mechanism for driving the discharging barrel (71) to horizontally move is further arranged on one side of the discharging barrel.

2. The vertical aerobic composting reactor of claim 1 wherein: lift loading attachment (6) are still including vertical rack (65) of fixing in reactor device (1) side, rack (65) upper portion is equipped with and supplies drive gear (63) rolling track, and rack (65) inside and drive gear (63) contact department all be equipped with corresponding tooth and with drive gear (63) meshing, the side in backup pad (62) is installed in drive gear (63), backup pad (62) are on a parallel with rack (65) and distribute, and round pin axle rotatable coupling is passed through at the top of backup pad (62) lift hopper (61), the articulated one end of connecting second cylinder (66) in backup pad (62) bottom, the other end of second cylinder (66) articulates on the side that lift hopper (61) correspond.

3. The vertical aerobic composting reactor of claim 1 wherein: the conveying device (5) comprises a supporting groove (51) and a turning hopper (53) movably placed in the supporting groove (51), wherein a turning shaft (5301) is fixedly connected to one side, close to the lifting and feeding device (6), of the top of the turning hopper (53), two ends of the turning shaft (5301) are movably inserted into mounting lugs (5102) at the end parts of the supporting groove (51), connecting rods (54) are fixedly connected to two ends of the turning shaft (5301), the connecting rods (54) are movably hinged to first air cylinders (55) mounted on the side surfaces of the supporting groove (51) in a fixed mode, driving wheels (5101) are distributed at the bottom of the supporting groove (51), the driving wheels (5101) are clamped on guide rails (52) matched with the driving wheels (5101) in a clamped mode, the driving wheels (5101) are driven by motors, and the guide rails (52) are horizontally distributed below the lifting and feeding device (6).

4. The vertical aerobic composting reactor of claim 3 wherein: the stirring tank device (4) is installed above one end, far away from the lifting feeding device (6), of the guide rail (52) in a crossing mode, the stirring tank device (4) comprises a fertilizer tank (41) with openings at the upper end and the lower end, stirring blades (43) are installed in the fertilizer tank (41), the stirring blades (43) are driven by a third motor (42) installed on the side face of the fertilizer tank (41), and when the supporting tank (51) and the turnover hopper (53) move to one end, far away from the lifting feeding device (6), of the guide rail (52), the turnover hopper (53) is located right below the opening at the lower end of the fertilizer tank (41);

fertilizer groove (41) upper end opening is located the exit of a section of thick bamboo (32) that protects of auger loading attachment (3), auger loading attachment (3) are still including rotating to install helical blade (35) protecting a section of thick bamboo (32) inside, helical blade (35) are through second motor (34) drive, protect a section of thick bamboo (32) bottom and install on base (31) through the round pin axle, and protect a section of thick bamboo (32) lower extreme intercommunication and install preliminary feeding funnel (33).

5. The vertical aerobic composting reactor of claim 1 wherein: feed arrangement (2) still including fixed hopper (22) that communicate at upper cover (21) top, pivot (24) are transversely installed to hopper (22) bottom, the equipartition has (mixing) shaft (26) on pivot (24), and hopper (22) side-mounting has drive pivot (24) pivoted first motor (25), and hopper (22) bottom still is provided with mesh screen (2201), upper cover (21) top pass through the pipeline with odor treatment device (9) intercommunication.

6. The vertical aerobic composting reactor of claim 1 wherein: stirring vane divide into an upper end stirring vane (16), a plurality of middle part stirring vane (17) and a lower extreme stirring vane (18), and wherein upper end stirring vane (16) are installed at connecting axle (13) top, and a plurality of middle part stirring vane (17) are installed in the middle of connecting axle (13), and lower extreme stirring vane (18) are installed in connecting axle (13) bottom, scraper blade (14) with the outer end of upper end stirring vane (16), middle part stirring vane (17) and lower extreme stirring vane (18) is connected.

7. The vertical aerobic composting reactor of claim 1 wherein: intake pipe (23) are including intake pipe (231) and last intake pipe (232) down, through rotary joint (233) rotatable intercommunication between intake pipe (231) and the last intake pipe (232) down, connecting axle (13) and intake pipe (231) intercommunication down, last intake pipe (232) run through and stretch out upper cover (21).

8. The vertical aerobic composting reactor of claim 1 wherein: the top opening of the reaction tank (11) is fixedly connected with an inner ring of an upper external tooth slewing bearing (191), an outer ring of the upper external tooth slewing bearing (191) is meshed with an upper gear (1911), the upper gear (1911) is rotatably installed on an upper installation plate (1101) on the side surface of the top of the reaction tank (11), the upper gear (1911) is driven by a motor, the top of the outer ring of the upper external tooth slewing bearing (191) is fixedly connected with the bottom of an upper flange (151) through a bolt, the top of the upper flange (151) is fixedly connected with the outer ring of an upper slewing bearing (193) through a bolt, and the inner ring of the upper slewing bearing (193) is fixedly connected with the inner top of an upper cover (21;

the opening at the bottom of the reaction tank (11) is fixedly connected with an inner ring of a lower external tooth slewing bearing (192), an outer ring of the lower external tooth slewing bearing (192) is meshed with a lower gear (1921), the lower gear (1921) is rotatably installed on a lower installation plate (1102) on the side surface of the bottom of the reaction tank (11), the lower gear (1921) is driven by a motor, the bottom of an outer ring of the lower external tooth slewing bearing (192) is fixedly connected with the top of a lower flange (152) through bolts, the bottom of the lower flange (152) is fixedly connected with an outer ring of a lower slewing bearing (194) through bolts, the inner ring of the lower slewing bearing (194) is fixedly connected with a sleeve base (12) through bolts, and a sealing sleeve (1201) is fixedly connected to an opening at the bottom.

9. The vertical aerobic composting reactor of claim 1 wherein: actuating mechanism includes sliding support (75), sliding support (75) and the outside rigid coupling of discharge cylinder (71), sliding support (75) bottom is equipped with gyro wheel (7501), and sliding support (75) roll and place on chassis (76), horizontal installation has third cylinder (73) on chassis (76), drive end rigid coupling sliding support (75) of third cylinder (73).

10. The method of using a vertical aerobic composting reactor according to any of claims 1-9, where the compost is treated in a cyclic fermentation process with a period of ten days, where one tenth of the manure is injected daily and one tenth of the manure is discharged over a 10 day cycle, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: one tenth of the materials are poured into a primary feeding hopper (33), and the fertilizer is fed into a fertilizer tank device (4) by a spiral blade (35) for primary stirring;

step two: the primarily stirred materials are poured into a material conveying device (5) at one time, the material conveying device (5) moves to one side of a lifting feeding device (6) along a guide rail (52), and the materials are poured into a lifting hopper (61);

step three: the lifting hopper (61) moves upwards along the rack (65) and pours the materials into the feeding device (2);

step four: materials poured into the feeding device (2) through the lifting hopper (61) are broken by the blades alternately distributed on the stirring shaft, and the materials enter the reaction tank (11) through the mesh screen (2201);

step five: the blade stirring device rotates in the reaction tank (11) to realize the stirring of the materials; air is filled into an air cavity (1301) of the connecting shaft (13) through an air inlet pipe (23) during stirring, the air cavity (1301) is communicated with vent holes on each upper blade (161), each middle blade (171) and each lower blade (181) through an air hole (1302), so that the air is discharged from the vent holes on the stirring blades, and effective oxygen supply is realized for materials at all positions in the bin body, so that the materials are fermented;

step six: fertilizers composted for ten days in the reaction tank (11) are positioned at the lowest end of the reaction tank (11) and are obviously layered, when the fertilizers at the bottom of the reaction tank (11) need to be unloaded, the sliding support (75) is pulled back through the fourth air cylinder (74), so that the top opening of the discharging cylinder (71) faces to the lower end opening of the sleeve base (12), then the third air cylinder (73) is contracted simultaneously, the fertilizers at the lowest layer in the reaction tank (11) fall into the discharging cylinder (71), and the third air cylinder (73) is contracted simultaneously until the top of the material plate (72) is flush with the upper end of the discharging opening (7101) and stops; then, a third air cylinder (73) close to one side of the discharge opening (7101) is contracted, the material plate (72) inclines towards the direction of the discharge opening (7101), and the fertilizer is discharged and collected.