Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel precise composite six-axis linkage numerical control machine tool with complete functions and high machining precision.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme is that a novel precise composite six-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is adopted, a tool bed is provided with a tool holder for clamping tools, the tool holder is arranged on a sliding seat, the tool holder swings in a vertical plane relative to the sliding seat, the tool bed is provided with a Z-axis driving device for driving the sliding seat to move up and down, an X-axis driving device and a Y-axis driving device for moving along the X direction and the Y direction, the tool bed is also provided with a rotary machining platform, the rotary machining platform is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping a workpiece and enabling the workpiece to rotate and be positioned, the rotation center of the rotary machining platform is consistent with the Z direction, and the rotation center of the clamping mechanism is consistent with the X direction.
In the scheme, due to the arrangement of the Z-axis driving device, the X-axis driving device and the Y-axis driving device, the cutter on the cutter holder can be moved to any position of the operation area, the workpiece is clamped on the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the rotary processing platform can be rotated at will, the rotary motion of the workpiece is realized, and the cutter holder can swing in the vertical plane, so that a numerical control processing mode of six-axis linkage is realized, the machining device can adapt to the processing of parts with different complex curved surface structures, and the machining precision of the workpiece is high.
Detailed Description
The invention is discussed in further detail below in connection with fig. 1-7.
The utility model provides a novel accurate compound six-axis linkage's digit control machine tool, set up the blade holder 20 of clamping cutter on the lathe bed 10, blade holder 20 installs on slide 31, and blade holder 20 is in the vertical plane internal-swinging (i.e. around the B axle in the drawing) of slide 31, lathe bed 10 is provided with Z axle drive arrangement and X axle drive arrangement and the Y axle drive arrangement along X direction, Y motion of drive slide 31 up-and-down, lathe bed 10 on still be equipped with rotatory processing platform 40, be provided with the fixture 50 that is used for holding the work piece and make its gyration and location on the rotatory processing platform 40, the center of gyration of rotatory processing platform 40 (i.e. the C axle that shows in the drawing) is unanimous with the Z direction, the center of gyration (i.e. the A axle that shows in the drawing) of fixture 50 is unanimous with the X direction. Due to the arrangement of the Z-axis driving device, the X-axis driving device and the Y-axis driving device, the tool apron 20 can move to any position of an operation area, that is to say, tools arranged on the tool apron 20 can move to any position of the operation area to process a workpiece to be processed, the clamping mechanism 50 and the rotary processing platform 40 can rotate randomly to realize the rotary motion of the workpiece, the workpiece to be processed can be processed on the front side and the back side and on all parts only by one clamping, the error is small, the processing precision is high, meanwhile, the production efficiency is also improved, and in addition, under the condition that the workpiece to be processed does not need to be dismounted from the clamping mechanism 50 for many times, the workpiece to be processed is processed in all directions by arranging different tools, such as a turning tool, a grinding head, a milling cutter and the like on the tool apron 20, the error is small, the processing precision is high, and meanwhile the production efficiency is also improved. The numerical control machine tool adopts a six-axis linkage numerical control machining mode consisting of X, Y, Z three linear axes and A, B, C three rotating axes, has high process integration level and high compound level, can be suitable for machining parts with different complex curved surface structures, and can ensure high machining precision of workpieces.
Further, the Y-axis driving device includes a case 61 provided with two sides of the rotary processing platform 40, a first linear guide 62 is provided on an upper end surface of the case 61, a length direction of the first linear guide 62 is parallel to the Y direction, the first linear guide 62 and the first slider 63 form a sliding fit, two ends of a beam 64 are fixedly connected with the first sliders 63 on the two cases 61 respectively, a second linear guide 65 is provided on the beam 64, a length direction of the second linear guide 65 is parallel to the X direction, a second slider 66 is provided on the second linear guide 65, a third linear guide 67 parallel to the Z direction is provided on the second slider 66, and the slider 31 and the third linear guide 67 form a sliding fit. The cross member 64 is disposed above the two cases 61 and moves in synchronization with the first slider 63. Therefore, the high bending resistance of the external load heavy load in the XYZ direction can be born, the torsion error between the X axis and the Y axis is reduced, and the rigidity and the precision of the numerical control machine tool during processing are ensured. The three linear guide rails adopt precise rolling guide rails, can bear radial and normal loads, and have the performances of rigidity and bending resistance and high rigidity.
The tool apron 20 comprises a fixed seat 21 fixed on a sliding seat 31, a rotating seat 22 which is in radial rotation fit and axial limit fit with the fixed seat 21 is arranged in the middle of the fixed seat 21, the end part of the rotating seat 22 is connected with a turning tool rest 23 or an electric spindle rest 24 which is used for connecting, and a torque motor mechanism drives the rotating seat 22 to swing so as to drive the turning tool rest 23 or the electric spindle rest 24 to swing in a vertical plane. The swing angle of the rotary base 22 is-170 DEG to +170 deg. The tool holder is shown in fig. 2 for a turning tool. For milling cutters, grinding heads and the like, the cutter rest is shown in fig. 3, so that the turning tool rest 23 or the electric spindle cutter rest 24 is interchangeably arranged on the rotary seat 22 and swings in the vertical plane relative to the sliding seat 31, the five-axis or six-axis linkage movement of the numerical control machine tool is realized, and the machining of different complex parts can be realized. When necessary (namely when the cutter is a milling cutter, a milling cutter), the driving mechanism can drive the rotating seat 21 to drive the cutter to swing (-170 DEG to +170 DEG) in the vertical plane, so that the milling cutter or the grinding head can avoid vertex cutting and cutting interference, the cutting point of the cutter is ensured to have a certain linear speed, and the machining precision and the surface roughness of the surface of a workpiece can be effectively improved.
For convenient tool replacement, a protection plate 71 is fixed on the box body 61, the plate surface of the protection plate 71 is positioned in the plumb face, an air cylinder 72 is arranged on the protection plate 71, a tool magazine 73 is arranged above the air cylinder 72, and the tool is transported between the tool magazine 73 and the electric spindle tool rest 24 by the action of the air cylinder 72.
The tool apron 20 is connected to the slide seat 31, and the tool apron 20 is a component for installing a tool, so that in order to ensure the stability of the slide seat 31 in the Z-direction movement, the upper end of the second sliding block 66 is connected with the counterweight balance system 32, the stability of the slide seat 31 in the Z-direction movement is ensured through the arrangement of the counterweight balance system 32, the influence of gravity is eliminated, the stability and the response speed of the movement of the spindle head are ensured, the safety of a machined workpiece and the tool is effectively protected, and the machining precision of the workpiece is improved.
Further, the clamping mechanism 50 includes a fixed seat 51 fixed on the rotary processing platform 40, and a precise three-jaw chuck 52 is disposed on the fixed seat 51, and the axis direction of the precise three-jaw chuck 52 is arranged horizontally. The rotary processing platform 40 and the precise three-jaw chuck 52 can rotate at any angle, the rotary motion of a workpiece in the axis direction of the three-jaw chuck 52 and in a horizontal plane can be realized during operation, the precise three-jaw chuck 52 can provide reliable clamping force to clamp and position the workpiece, meanwhile, when the precise three-jaw chuck 52 rotates at high speed, the processes of cutting, grinding and the like of the workpiece can be realized, when the precise three-jaw chuck 52 drives the workpiece to rotate for a certain angle, different surfaces on the workpiece can be processed, when the rotary processing platform 40 rotates, the axis direction of the three-jaw chuck 52 can be adjusted to process inclined holes and the like on the workpiece, and the processing of different surfaces, different angles and different procedures can be realized through one-time clamping.
In order to improve the machining precision, the rotary machining platform 40 is further provided with a tool setting gauge 41 and a precision positioning jig 42, the precision positioning jig 42 is mounted on each of two sides of the rotary machining platform 40, and the length direction of the precision positioning jig 42 is consistent with the axial direction of the precision three-jaw chuck 52.
Four corner positions of the lower end of the lathe bed 10 are connected with a base 92 through air vibration isolation springs 91 to play a buffering role, the base 92 comprises upper and lower plates 921 and 922 which are arranged in an upper-lower position, the upper plate 921 is connected with the air vibration isolation springs 91 through screws and is mainly used for adjusting the levelness of the base 92 during installation, and chip removers 93 are further arranged on the side of the lathe bed 10 and used for discharging chips.