CN111373989A - Method for planting polygonum capitatum by taking herb residues as base fertilizer - Google Patents
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- CN111373989A CN111373989A CN202010217577.3A CN202010217577A CN111373989A CN 111373989 A CN111373989 A CN 111373989A CN 202010217577 A CN202010217577 A CN 202010217577A CN 111373989 A CN111373989 A CN 111373989A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting polygonum capitatum by taking herb residues as a base fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: soaking Polygonum capitatum seeds in disinfectant, fishing out and removing periderm; spreading polygonum capitatum dregs base fertilizer on a seedbed in a plastic greenhouse, and watering after spreading; uniformly mixing the treated polygonum capitatum seeds with fine soil in 2-3 months, and then uniformly spreading the mixture on a seedbed; opening the film of the greenhouse after 3-4 months, removing weeds, and watering; before transplanting, spreading polygonum capitatum dregs base fertilizer in a field, then finely crushing surface soil, uniformly mixing the compound fertilizer and the surface soil, and spreading the mixture on the outermost layer of the field; after the field preparation is finished, transplanting the seeds into the field; after 10-20 days of transplanting, removing weeds, fertilizing, and performing conventional weeding and deinsectization every month; harvesting in sunny days of 8-11 months, drying in the sun, and warehousing. The method has the characteristics of low cost of herb residue treatment and polygonum capitatum planting, good polygonum capitatum growth, high yield and good quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a planting method of polygonum capitatum, in particular to a method for planting polygonum capitatum by taking herb residues as a base fertilizer.
Background
With the advent of relevant planning of the Chinese medical business, the development of the Chinese medical business has entered a fast phase, so that the applications of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese patent medicines are increasingly widespread. The plant medicine in the traditional Chinese medicine accounts for nearly 90 percent, and a large amount of traditional Chinese medicine residues are discarded. The traditional Chinese medicine residue comprises the production of Chinese patent medicine raw materials, the processing and processing of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, the production of formula granule production enterprises, the processing and decoction of in-hospital preparations of traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, and the like. The amount of the medicine residue produced by the production of the Chinese patent medicine and the formula granules is the largest, and the medicine residue accounts for more than 70-80% of the total amount of the medicine residue. The Chinese medicine residue has high water content and certain nutrient content, is extremely easy to decay and can cause serious pollution to the environment. The annual production of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs in China currently reaches more than 2500 ten thousand tons, but the traditional medicine dregs treatment modes are stacking, landfill, incineration and the like, so that the environmental pollution is easily caused, and the utilization efficiency is low.
Polygonum capitatum (scientific name: Polygonum capitatum Buch. -ham.exD.Don) is a perennial herb of Polygonum of Polygonaceae. Stem creeping, fasciculation, node rooting, internode shorter than leaf, glandular or nearly unhairing, leaf oval or ellipse, apical tip, wedge-shaped base, two-sided unhairing glandular, leaf sheath cylinder, membranous, loose, apical truncated, and peripherical hair. Inflorescence head-shaped, single generation or paired generation, apical generation; inflorescence peduncle has glandular hair; the bract is long-oval and membranous; the flower stalk is extremely short; the flower quilt is light red, the flower quilt sheet is elliptical, the lean fruit is long oval, black brown and slightly glossy, and the flower quilt is wrapped in the existing flower quilt, blooms in 6-9 months, and fruits are grown in 8-10 months. Polygonum capitatum is a main raw material of a capsule for treating heat stranguria, the existing Polygonum capitatum source is mainly wild Polygonum capitatum, the source is less, the quality is not high, the yield and the quality of wild Polygonum capitatum cannot meet the production requirement along with the current annual rise of people on the medicine demand of Polygonum capitatum, and more pharmaceutical enterprises are investing a large amount of manpower and material resources to carry out the research on the artificial cultivation and planting of Polygonum capitatum.
Along with the growing of polygonum capitatum and the increasing production scale, how to improve the yield and quality of artificially grown polygonum capitatum and solve the problem of treatment of extraction dregs of the polygonum capitatum is considered by practitioners, the amount of the dregs generated by extraction of polygonum capitatum is hundreds of tons every year, the cost for treating the dregs is about 3-4 ten thousand yuan per year, certain economic burden is caused, and the dregs of the dregs are rich in a large amount of organic matters and are used as waste after waste residue treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for planting polygonum capitatum by taking herb residues as a base fertilizer. The method has the characteristics of low cost of herb residue treatment and polygonum capitatum planting, good polygonum capitatum growth, high yield and good quality.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for planting polygonum capitatum by taking herb residues as a base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
seed treatment: adding water into carbendazim to obtain disinfectant, soaking herba Polygoni Capitati seed in the disinfectant, taking out seed, and removing peril;
preparing a seedbed: spreading polygonum capitatum dregs base fertilizer on a seedbed in a plastic greenhouse, and watering after spreading;
seedling culture: uniformly mixing the treated polygonum capitatum seeds with fine soil in 2-3 months, and then uniformly spreading the mixture on a seedbed;
weeding: opening the film of the greenhouse when the plant height is 8-15cm for 3-4 months, removing weeds, and watering;
preparing a field: before transplanting, spreading polygonum capitatum dregs base fertilizer in a field, then finely crushing surface soil, uniformly mixing the compound fertilizer and the surface soil, and spreading the mixture on the outermost layer of the field;
transplanting: after the field is prepared, watering the seedbed, taking the seedlings, and transplanting the seedlings to the field;
field management: after 10-20 days of transplanting, removing weeds, fertilizing, and performing conventional weeding and deinsectization every month;
harvesting: harvesting in sunny days of 8-11 months, drying in the sun, and warehousing.
In the method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the herb residues as the base fertilizer, during seed treatment, the carbendazim is 60 percent, and the disinfectant is obtained after dilution with 750-850 times of water, wherein the ratio of the disinfectant to the seeds is 15-25: 1, soaking for 4-8 h.
The preparation method of the polygonum capitatum herb residue base fertilizer comprises the steps of firstly spreading polygonum capitatum extraction herb residues in the sun, exposing the polygonum capitatum extraction herb residues for 3-5 days, then mixing the polygonum capitatum herb residues with fine soil and sawed wood flour, then piling the mixture in a composting field, spraying water to the mixture until the mixture is wholly wet, and then carrying out composting fermentation; in the compost fermentation process, humic acid substances are mixed in by times, and the compost is turned over and stirred uniformly when being added each time; and after the compost fermentation is finished, mixing the zinc fertilizer and uniformly stirring.
The method for planting the polygonum capitatum by taking the herb residues as the base fertilizer comprises, by weight, 150 parts of polygonum capitatum extraction waste residues, 500 parts of fine soil 400, 250 parts of sawdust powder, 40-70 parts of zinc fertilizer and 60-80 parts of humic acid substances.
The method for planting the polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as the base fertilizer is characterized in that the composting is natural composting, and the composting time is 50-70 days; the humic acid substances are added for 4-5 times in equal parts, the humic acid substances are added for the first time when composting is started, and the humic acid substances are added for the last time when composting is finished.
In the method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the residues as the base fertilizer, the covering thickness is 10-20cm when the polygonum capitatum residue base fertilizer is spread in the seedbed and the field in the preparation of the seedbed and the field.
In the method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer, watering is carried out for 1 time every 18-24 hours after the seedbed is prepared and before seedling culture.
In the method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the decoction dregs as a base fertilizer, in the field preparation, the mixing ratio of the compound fertilizer to the surface soil is 1: 110-130; before transplanting, the soil is diluted by 60 percent carbendazim and 650 times of water and then sprayed for disinfection.
The method for planting the polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as the base fertilizer is characterized in that the plant spacing is 30cm by 30cm during transplanting; in the field management, the fertilization is urea application, and 13-17kg of urea is mixed with 1000kg of water for each mu of field application.
In the method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer, the distance between the dregs and the root of polygonum capitatum is 10-15cm during fertilization in field management.
The invention has the advantages of
The polygonum capitatum herb residue is used as a base fertilizer material for planting polygonum capitatum, so that the pharmaceutical waste residue is reused, and the treatment cost of the polygonum capitatum herb residue is reduced; meanwhile, due to the use of the medicine dregs, the use of other organic fertilizers and compound fertilizers is reduced, and the planting cost of the polygonum capitatum is reduced.
Mainly, the polygonum capitatum herb residue is used as the base fertilizer, organic matters in the herb residue are fully utilized, more nutrient components suitable for the growth of polygonum capitatum can be absorbed in the growing process of the polygonum capitatum, the growth of the polygonum capitatum is promoted, and the yield is higher; in addition, the medicine dregs contain a plurality of unique effective components of the polygonum capitatum, so the accumulation of the effective components in the polygonum capitatum can be further improved by using the medicine dregs, and the quality of the artificially planted polygonum capitatum is improved. The planting method disclosed by the invention is obtained by researching the treatment, seedling culture and transplanting methods of a base fertilizer, changing the effective components in the herb residue into soluble nutrients by using a compost fermentation mode, simultaneously growing seedlings by using a greenhouse seedling bed base fertilizer mode, and carrying out field planting and other processes by using the base fertilizer as a base fertilizer, so that the yield and the quality of the polygonum capitatum are improved.
More mainly, ethanol is usually adopted for extracting polygonum capitatum, and researchers find that when dregs of a decoction are directly used for processing organic fertilizer raw materials, ethanol accumulation is easy to occur in the composting process, and the accumulation of ethanol can cause the activity of enzymes in soil and reduce the fertilizer efficiency of the soil, so that the growth of polygonum capitatum plants is inhibited, and the adverse effect is obtained; according to the method, the polygonum capitatum herb extraction dregs are exposed for a certain time before compost fermentation, after residual ethanol is volatilized completely, compost fermentation is carried out in a water supplementing mode, normal compost fermentation of the dregs is not influenced, accumulation of ethanol in a fermentation process can be avoided, damage to enzymes in soil is reduced, and therefore polygonum capitatum plants can grow normally.
To further prove the beneficial effects of the present invention, the applicant made the following experiments:
A. the wild polygonum capitatum is compared with the chemical components of the polygonum capitatum of the invention
In order to compare the difference between the wild polygonum capitatum and the polygonum capitatum planted in the invention in terms of effective components, the applicant has tried 1 batch of artificially planted polygonum capitatum in a Longshan medicinal material planting base in Longli county of Guizhou province in 2018, the planting method is carried out according to the method of the invention, after harvesting, the artificially planted dry polygonum capitatum and the wild dry polygonum capitatum are respectively taken for effective component measurement, the wild polygonum capitatum selects the dry polygonum capitatum grown in 2018 in the Longli county region, wherein the measured effective components are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison table of effective components of Polygonum capitatum
The comparison of the effective components shows that the polygonum capitatum artificially planted by the invention has improved content of total flavone and gallic acid, especially the content of gallic acid is improved by nearly 100%. The applicant believes that the improvement of the effective components is mainly that the soil components are more suitable for the growth of the polygonum capitatum when the method is used for planting, and meanwhile, the planting method is more suitable for the formation of the effective components.
B. The yield of the traditional polygonum capitatum artificial planting is compared with that of the polygonum capitatum of the invention
The applicant tried 1 batch of artificially planted polygonum capitatum in a medicinal material planting base of Longshan town of Longli county, Guizhou province in 2018, the planting method is carried out according to the method provided by the invention, the planting area is 2.5 mu, and the conventional planting mode adopted by the conventional artificial planting mode is a conventional planting mode compared with the yield of the traditional artificially planted polygonum capitatum with the same area, such as shown in Table 2, and the specific mode is as follows:
(1) selecting a planting land suitable for the growth of polygonum capitatum in a Longli county Longshan Zhen area, wherein the planting land is flat and has the characteristics of deep soil layer, loose soil, rich fertilizer and sufficient water;
(2) soil preparation, namely turning over the soil in 1-2 months, adding a biological organic fertilizer, and making ridges in the field in 3-4 months, wherein the ridge width is 1-2m, the ridge interval is 20-40cm, and the furrow depth is 40-50 cm;
(3) lifting seedlings, namely lifting seedlings of seedbeds bred in a greenhouse or a field tunnel in 4-5 months;
(4) transplanting, field planting and seedling supplementing;
(5) managing field moisture, introducing water into the furrows after transplanting, replenishing water or discharging water in due time, and controlling the water in the furrows within the range of 10-15 cm;
(6) weeding in fields and managing diseases and pests;
(7) fertilizing in the field; 5-6 kg/mu of nitrogenous fertilizer, 4-6 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer and 3-5 kg/mu of potash fertilizer are added into the water in the ditch at intervals of 10-20 days in 5-7 months;
(8) harvesting and processing: collected in 7-10 months and then dried.
TABLE 2 comparison of yields
Through comparison, the per mu yield of the polygonum capitatum planted by the method is obviously improved.
C. Dynamics research of prepared base fertilizer on enzymatic reaction of invertase in soil when polygonum capitatum extraction dregs are exposed to the sun or not exposed to the sun
And (2) equally dividing the alcohol-extracted polygonum capitatum extraction medicine residues into 2 groups, wherein 1 group is treated according to the method, 2 groups are directly mixed with the formula of the base fertilizer and subjected to composting treatment, after the treatment is carried out for a specified time, the groups are respectively mixed with equal mass and quantity of soil samples, then the enzymatic reaction of invertase in the soil samples is analyzed, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 kinetic analysis of the invertase enzymatic reactions in soil samples
Note: the degree of freedom is n-2 ═ 14; indicates significant correlation; indicates a very significant correlation.
From the kinetic analysis of the invertase enzymatic reaction in the soil sample, it can be seen that when the polygonum capitatum extraction dregs are not treated, the soil is slightly polluted.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Examples of the invention
Example 1: a method for planting polygonum capitatum by taking herb residues as a base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
preparing a polygonum capitatum dreg base fertilizer: firstly, 120 parts by weight of polygonum capitatum extraction medicine residues are flatly paved and exposed to the sun for 4 days, then the polygonum capitatum extraction medicine residues are mixed with 450 parts by weight of fine soil and 200 parts by weight of sawmilling powder, and then the mixture is piled in a composting field, sprayed with water until the mixture is wholly wet, and then the mixture is subjected to composting and fermentation for 60 days; in the compost fermentation process, 70 parts by weight of humic acid substances are mixed in by equally dividing into 4 parts, and the mixture is turned and stirred uniformly when being added each time; after the compost fermentation is finished, adding 55 parts by weight of zinc fertilizer and uniformly stirring;
seed treatment: preparing a disinfectant by adding 800 times of water into 60% carbendazim, and mixing polygonum capitatum seeds according to the following proportion: 20 parts of seeds: 1 soaking in a disinfectant for 6 hours, then fishing out the seeds and removing the periderm;
preparing a seedbed: spreading polygonum capitatum residue base fertilizer on a seedbed in a plastic greenhouse, covering the seedbed with a thickness of 15cm, watering after spreading, and watering for 1 time every 22 hours before seedling culture;
seedling culture: uniformly mixing the treated polygonum capitatum seeds with fine soil in 2 months, and then uniformly spreading the mixture on a seedbed;
weeding: opening the film of the greenhouse when the plant height is 12cm for 2 months, removing weeds, and watering;
preparing a field: before transplanting, spreading polygonum capitatum dregs base fertilizer in a field, covering the field with the thickness of 15cm, finely crushing surface soil, and mixing the compound fertilizer and the surface soil according to the proportion of 1: 120, uniformly mixing and then spreading on the outermost layer of the field;
transplanting: after the field is prepared, watering the seedbed, taking seedlings, transplanting the seedlings to the field, diluting field soil with 60% carbendazim and 600 times of water before transplanting, and then spraying and sterilizing, wherein the plant spacing is 30cm x 30cm during transplanting;
field management: after 15 days of transplanting, removing weeds, applying urea, watering 15kg of urea and 1000kg of water per mu, wherein the distance between the fertilizer and the roots of polygonum capitatum is 12cm, and performing conventional weeding and deinsectization every month;
harvesting: harvesting in sunny days of 8-11 months, drying in the sun, and warehousing.
Example 2: a method for planting polygonum capitatum by taking herb residues as a base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
preparing a polygonum capitatum dreg base fertilizer: firstly, 100 parts by weight of polygonum capitatum extraction medicine residues are flatly paved and exposed in the sun for 3 days, then are mixed with 400 parts by weight of fine soil and 150 parts by weight of sawdusts, and then are piled in a composting field to be sprayed with water until the whole body is wet, and then are subjected to composting fermentation for 50 days; in the compost fermentation process, evenly dividing into 4 parts by weight, mixing 60 parts by weight of humic acid substances, turning over when adding each time, and stirring uniformly; after the compost fermentation is finished, adding 40 parts by weight of zinc fertilizer and uniformly stirring;
seed treatment: using 60% carbendazim and 750 times of water to prepare a disinfectant, and mixing polygonum capitatum seeds according to the following proportion: 15 parts of seeds: 1 soaking in a disinfectant for 4 hours, then fishing out the seeds and removing the periderm;
preparing a seedbed: spreading polygonum capitatum residue base fertilizer on a seedbed in a plastic greenhouse, covering the seedbed with a thickness of 10cm, watering after spreading, and watering for 1 time every 18 hours before seedling culture;
seedling culture: uniformly mixing the treated polygonum capitatum seeds with fine soil in 2-3 months, and then uniformly spreading the mixture on a seedbed;
weeding: opening the film of the greenhouse when the plant height is 8cm for 3-4 months, removing weeds, and watering;
preparing a field: before transplanting, spreading polygonum capitatum dregs base fertilizer in a field, covering the field with the thickness of 10cm, finely crushing surface soil, and mixing the compound fertilizer and the surface soil according to the proportion of 1: 110, and then spreading the mixture on the outermost layer of the field;
transplanting: after the field is prepared, watering the seedbed, taking seedlings, transplanting the seedlings to the field, before transplanting, diluting the field soil with 60% carbendazim and 550 times of water, spraying and disinfecting, and when transplanting, the plant spacing is 30cm x 30 cm;
field management: after 10 days of transplanting, removing weeds, applying urea, adding water 1000kg of 13kg of urea and 1000kg of water per mu for watering, wherein the distance between the fertilizer and the roots of polygonum capitatum is 10cm, and performing conventional weeding and deinsectization every month;
harvesting: harvesting in sunny days of 8-11 months, drying in the sun, and warehousing.
Example 3: a method for planting polygonum capitatum by taking herb residues as a base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
preparing a polygonum capitatum dreg base fertilizer: firstly, 150 parts by weight of polygonum capitatum extraction medicine residues are flatly paved and exposed to the sun for 5 days, then the polygonum capitatum extraction medicine residues are mixed with 500 parts by weight of fine soil and 250 parts by weight of saw dust, and then the mixture is piled in a composting field, sprayed with water until the mixture is wholly wet, and then the mixture is subjected to composting and fermentation for 70 days; in the compost fermentation process, 80 parts by weight of humic acid substances are mixed into the compost by equal division into 5 parts, and the compost is turned and stirred uniformly when added each time; after the compost fermentation is finished, adding 70 parts by weight of zinc fertilizer and uniformly stirring;
seed treatment: preparing a disinfectant by adding 850 times of water into 60% carbendazim, and mixing polygonum capitatum seeds according to the following proportion: 25 parts of seeds: 1 soaking in a disinfectant for 8 hours, then fishing out the seeds, and removing the periderm;
preparing a seedbed: spreading Polygonum capitatum residue base fertilizer on a seedbed in a plastic greenhouse, covering the seedbed with a thickness of 20cm, watering after spreading, and watering for 1 time every 24 hours before seedling culture;
seedling culture: uniformly mixing the treated polygonum capitatum seeds with fine soil in 2-3 months, and then uniformly spreading the mixture on a seedbed;
weeding: opening the film of the greenhouse when the plant height is 15cm for 3-4 months, removing weeds, and watering;
preparing a field: before transplanting, spreading polygonum capitatum dregs base fertilizer in a field, covering the field with the thickness of 20cm, finely crushing surface soil, and mixing the compound fertilizer and the surface soil according to the proportion of 1: 130, and spreading the mixture on the outermost layer of the field after uniformly mixing;
transplanting: after the field is prepared, watering the seedbed, taking seedlings, transplanting the seedlings to the field, before transplanting, diluting the field soil with 60% carbendazim and 650 times of water, spraying and disinfecting, and when transplanting, the plant spacing is 30cm x 30 cm;
field management: after 20 days of transplanting, removing weeds, applying urea, adding 1000kg of water into 17kg of urea per mu for watering, wherein the distance between the fertilizer and the roots of polygonum capitatum is 15cm, and performing conventional weeding and deinsectization every month;
harvesting: harvesting in sunny days of 8-11 months, drying in the sun, and warehousing.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for planting polygonum capitatum by taking herb residues as a base fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
seed treatment: adding water into carbendazim to obtain disinfectant, soaking herba Polygoni Capitati seed in the disinfectant, taking out seed, and removing peril;
preparing a seedbed: spreading polygonum capitatum dregs base fertilizer on a seedbed in a plastic greenhouse, and watering after spreading;
seedling culture: uniformly mixing the treated polygonum capitatum seeds with fine soil in 2-3 months, and then uniformly spreading the mixture on a seedbed;
weeding: opening the film of the greenhouse when the plant height is 8-15cm for 3-4 months, removing weeds, and watering;
preparing a field: before transplanting, spreading polygonum capitatum dregs base fertilizer in a field, then finely crushing surface soil, uniformly mixing the compound fertilizer and the surface soil, and spreading the mixture on the outermost layer of the field;
transplanting: after the field is prepared, watering the seedbed, taking the seedlings, and transplanting the seedlings to the field;
field management: after 10-20 days of transplanting, removing weeds, fertilizing, and performing conventional weeding and deinsectization every month;
harvesting: harvesting in sunny days of 8-11 months, drying in the sun, and warehousing.
2. The method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: during seed treatment, the carbendazim is 60 percent, the disinfectant is obtained after being diluted by 750-850 times of water, and the proportion of the disinfectant to the seeds is 15-25: 1, soaking for 4-8 h.
3. The method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation method of the polygonum capitatum herb residue base fertilizer comprises the steps of firstly spreading polygonum capitatum extraction herb residue in the sun, insolating for 3-5 days, then mixing with fine soil and sawmilling powder, then piling in a composting field, spraying water until the whole body is wet, and then carrying out composting fermentation; in the compost fermentation process, humic acid substances are mixed in by times, and the compost is turned over and stirred uniformly when being added each time; and after the compost fermentation is finished, mixing the zinc fertilizer and uniformly stirring.
4. The method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the polygonum capitatum herb residue base fertilizer comprises, by weight, 150 parts of polygonum capitatum extraction waste residue, 500 parts of fine soil, 150 parts of sawdust, 40-70 parts of zinc fertilizer and 60-80 parts of humic acid substances.
5. The method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the compost is natural compost, and the composting time is 50-70 days; the humic acid substances are added for 4-5 times in equal parts, the humic acid substances are added for the first time when composting is started, and the humic acid substances are added for the last time when composting is finished.
6. The method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the preparation of the seedbed and the field, when the polygonum capitatum herb residue base fertilizer is spread in the seedbed and the field, the covering thickness is 10-20 cm.
7. The method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: watering for 1 time every 18-24h after the seedbed is prepared and before seedling culture.
8. The method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the preparation of the field, the mixing ratio of the compound fertilizer to the surface soil is 1: 110-130; before transplanting, the soil is diluted by 60 percent carbendazim and 650 times of water and then sprayed for disinfection.
9. The method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when transplanting, the plant spacing is 30cm by 30 cm; in the field management, the fertilization is urea application, and 13-17kg of urea is mixed with 1000kg of water for each mu of field application.
10. The method for planting polygonum capitatum by using the dregs as a base fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the field management, the distance between the fertilizer and the root of polygonum capitatum is 10-15 cm.
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| CN101491205A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2009-07-29 | 梁洋 | Recovery method of waste dregs generated in Chinese patent medicine production |
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