CN111370152A - Method and device for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of reactor nuclear measuring device - Google Patents
Method and device for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of reactor nuclear measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111370152A CN111370152A CN202010160745.XA CN202010160745A CN111370152A CN 111370152 A CN111370152 A CN 111370152A CN 202010160745 A CN202010160745 A CN 202010160745A CN 111370152 A CN111370152 A CN 111370152A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
- G21C17/108—Measuring reactor flux
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of a nuclear measuring device of a reactor. The invention is practical and efficient, is suitable for digital processing, and can improve the safety of reactor operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a reactor neutron fluence rate measurement technology, and particularly relates to a method and a device for avoiding power disturbance caused by gear shifting of a reactor nuclear measurement device.
Background
The reactor nuclear measurement device is one of the key systems in relation to nuclear safety. The nuclear measurement system is mainly used for continuously monitoring the neutron fluence rate of the reactor, the measurement range generally has about 10 orders of magnitude, and the measurement result is sent to an operation console for displaying in the form of signals of power and period, so that an operator can supervise and control the operation of the reactor; sending the protection system and ATWS (anticipated transient state without emergency shutdown) as protection variables to protect the safe operation of the reactor; and sending the reactor to a rod control system for automatically adjusting the reactor power.
At present, nuclear measurement devices on the market generally comprise a signal conditioning unit and a signal processing unit. The working principle of the signal conditioning unit is that gears are automatically matched for measurement according to the magnitude order of the neutron fluence rate of the reactor. When the neutron fluence rate of the reactor is changed from small to large, the measurement gear can be automatically switched from the order of magnitude gear with small measurement range to the order of magnitude gear with large measurement range. The signal processing unit completes the functions of filtering, calculating power and period, outputting signals and the like.
When the nuclear measuring device is used for shifting gears, the numerical values of signals before and after shifting gears ideally keep continuity, but due to production technology and technical reasons, the numerical values can jump in the shifting process, particularly, the shifting is carried out between gears with small measuring range and magnitude order, the jumping is more violent, so that the power or the period of reactor protection variables can be changed sharply, false signals are generated, the misoperation of a protection system is caused, and potential safety hazards are brought to the operation of a reactor.
For the gear shifting of the nuclear measuring device, the current method adopted by a nuclear measuring device manufacturer is to filter out false signals generated during gear shifting by prolonging the response time of a system so as to avoid the rapid change of power or period before and after gear shifting. However, the response time of each system is clearly required in the design of the reactor, which is generally not more than 1 second, and the gear shifting time of some nuclear measuring devices is close to 2 seconds, which is contradictory to the technical requirements of the reactor. Therefore, when the reactor is opened, the nuclear measuring device is put into use according to a method for tracking and monitoring the neutron fluence rate of the reactor step by step, and signals sent to the protection system by the nuclear measuring device cannot meet the technical requirements of the reactor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of a nuclear measuring device of a reactor aiming at the problems in the prior art, so that the problem of short period triggered by power fluctuation of the reactor caused by shifting of the nuclear measuring device is solved, and potential safety hazards of pile opening are eliminated.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method of avoiding power disturbances caused by shifting of a nuclear measurement device of a reactor, comprising the steps of:
(1) setting a target power value of reactor opening;
(2) the nuclear measuring device receives the target power value, and performs gear preset calculation, wherein the calculated preset gear enables the magnitude order of the neutron fluence rate of the nuclear measuring device measured reactor to be matched with the target power value;
(3) switching the gear of the nuclear measuring device to the preset gear, sending a gear descending prohibition instruction, and prohibiting the gear from being automatically switched to a small gear when the power of the reactor is small;
(4) the reactor power is increased, and the nuclear measuring device cannot generate gear shifting action in the process of increasing the reactor power to the target power value.
Further, the method for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of the nuclear reactor measuring device as described above, wherein if the target power value is not the final power of reactor opening, the target power value is reset, and the steps (1) to (4) are repeated.
Further, according to the method for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of the nuclear reactor measurement device, if the target power value is the final reactor power of reactor opening, a command for the reactor to reach the final power is issued, and the command for forbidding downshift is cancelled.
Further, in the method for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of the nuclear measuring device of the reactor as described above, in the step (2), the nuclear measuring device with a protection function performs gear presetting according to a target power value.
Further, according to the method for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of the nuclear measuring device of the reactor, in the step (1), the interface for receiving the target power value is arranged in the nuclear measuring device, and the operator in the master control room issues the target power value of reactor opening to the nuclear measuring device through the upper computer.
An apparatus for avoiding power disturbances caused by shifting of a nuclear measurement device of a reactor, comprising:
the target power value interface module is used for setting a target power value of reactor opening;
the gear presetting calculation module is used for carrying out gear presetting calculation, and the calculated preset gear enables the magnitude order of the neutron fluence rate of the nuclear measuring device measured reactor to be matched with a target power value;
and the gear control module is used for switching the gear of the nuclear measuring device to the preset gear, sending a gear descending prohibition instruction and prohibiting the gear from being automatically switched to a small gear when the power of the reactor is low.
Further, the device for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of the reactor nuclear measuring device is described above, wherein the target power value interface module is connected with the upper computer and receives a target power value of reactor opening from the upper computer; if the target power value is not the final power of reactor opening, resetting the target power value by the upper computer; and if the target power value is the final reactor opening power, the upper computer sends a reactor reaching final power instruction and cancels the instruction of forbidding gear reduction.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the interface for receiving the target power value is arranged in the nuclear measuring device, the nuclear measuring device receives the target power value sent by an operator, and the nuclear measuring device executing the function related to the protection system function can track and monitor the neutron fluence rate change of the reactor without shifting gears before the power is increased to the target power, so that the problem of misoperation of the protection system caused by reactor power disturbance due to gear shifting is avoided. The invention is practical and efficient, is suitable for digital processing, thoroughly avoids shifting gears of the nuclear measuring device in the process of increasing the reactor opening power, thereby overcoming the problem of power disturbance caused by shifting gears of the nuclear measuring device of the reactor, simultaneously, eliminating the shifting delay, providing stable and continuous neutron fluence rate input signals for a protection system and an ATWS relieving system, and improving the safety of the reactor operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nuclear measurement device embodying the principles of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The principle of the reactor nuclear measuring device is shown in figure 1, the outside of a virtual frame is a working mode adopted by the nuclear measuring device on the current market, a signal from a reactor neutron ionization chamber is amplified by an amplifier and sent out, and is judged by a lifting gear, and the signal is automatically switched to a gear matched with the magnitude order of the reactor neutron fluence rate, so that the function of monitoring the change of the reactor neutron fluence rate in real time is completed.
In the process of increasing the power of the reactor during the reactor opening, the reactor is less in neutrons at the initial stage of the reactor opening, the output signal is weaker, the gear is lower, the output signal is larger and larger along with the increase of the neutrons of the reactor, the current gear measurement range is exceeded, then the higher gear is automatically switched, and the process is circulated until the power of the reactor reaches the target power. In the pile opening process, gears need to be switched continuously, power disturbance or short-period signals occur, and therefore misoperation of a protection system is caused and is difficult to avoid. The temporary solution is to delay the system response time to filter out glitches generated during the shift, which is contrary to the specifications required during reactor design.
The invention adds a gear presetting function in the original reactor nuclear measuring device, such as part of a virtual frame in figure 1, directly sets the gear of the reactor nuclear measuring device on the gear of target power, and does not need to shift gears in the process of reactor opening and power increasing, thereby thoroughly solving the problem of gear shifting.
There are two important protection variables in the reactor protection system: the over-power protection variable and the short-period protection variable are real-time monitoring signals provided by a nuclear measuring device, and power jump may be caused by gear shifting, so that the protection system is triggered to malfunction, and abnormal shutdown is caused. The technical scheme includes that a target power receiving interface is arranged in a nuclear measuring device, the nuclear measuring device receives target power sent by an operator, and the nuclear measuring device with a protection function performs gear presetting according to the target power. Therefore, before the power is increased to the target power, the nuclear measuring device executing the function related to the function of the protection system can track and monitor the change of the neutron fluence rate of the reactor without shifting, so that the problem of misoperation of the protection system caused by reactor power disturbance due to shifting is avoided.
The method for avoiding power disturbance caused by shifting of the nuclear measuring device of the reactor can comprise the following steps of:
(1) setting a target power value of reactor opening;
(2) the nuclear measuring device with the protection function receives the target power value, performs gear preset calculation, and the calculated preset gear enables the magnitude order of the neutron fluence rate of the reactor measured by the nuclear measuring device to be matched with the target power value; the matching means that if the gear is smaller than the first gear, the target power value exceeds the measurement range of the gear, and if the gear is larger than the first gear, the measurement range is larger than the target power value by one order of magnitude;
(3) switching the gear of the nuclear measuring device to the preset gear, sending a gear descending prohibition instruction, and prohibiting the gear from being automatically switched to a small gear when the power of the reactor is small;
(4) the reactor power is increased, and the nuclear measuring device cannot generate gear shifting action in the process of increasing the reactor power to the target power value.
The corresponding nuclear measuring device can be designed in the following function:
the target power value interface module is used for setting a target power value of reactor opening;
the gear presetting calculation module is used for carrying out gear presetting calculation, and the calculated preset gear enables the magnitude order of the neutron fluence rate of the nuclear measuring device measured reactor to be matched with a target power value;
and the gear control module is used for switching the gear of the nuclear measuring device to the preset gear, sending a gear descending prohibition instruction and prohibiting the gear from being automatically switched to a small gear when the power of the reactor is low.
Examples
In this embodiment, when a nuclear measurement system is designed, a nuclear gear presetting function is added, so that the problems of reactor power disturbance and system misoperation protection caused by gear shifting are effectively solved, and the specific implementation manner of the method is as follows:
1. the operator of the main control room sends the target power value of reactor opening through the upper computer;
2. the nuclear measuring device with the protection function receives the target power value, performs gear presetting calculation, and calculates a gear to be preset so that the magnitude order of the neutron fluence rate of the reactor measured by the nuclear measuring device is just matched with the target power value (if the magnitude order is smaller by one, the target power value exceeds the gear measuring range, and if the magnitude order is larger by one, the measuring range is larger by one magnitude order than the target power value);
3. calculating a gear to be preset, and automatically switching to a preset gear through gear switching;
4. meanwhile, a command of forbidding downshift is sent, and the automatic shifting of the gear to a small gear is forbidden when the reactor power is low;
5. the power of the reactor is started to be increased, and the nuclear measuring device does not have gear shifting action in the power increasing process because the measuring range of the nuclear measuring device always covers the target power;
6. if the reactor power is not the final reactor opening power after being increased to the target power, repeating the steps 1-5;
7. if the target power is the final power of reactor opening, an operator in a main control room issues a command of the final power of the reactor through an upper computer, the gear presetting function is completed, and cancellation of the gear reduction command is forbidden;
8. the nuclear measurement device resumes its original operating mode and continues to track and monitor the reactor neutron fluence rate.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A method of avoiding power disturbances caused by shifting of a nuclear measurement device of a reactor, comprising the steps of:
(1) setting a target power value of reactor opening;
(2) the nuclear measuring device receives the target power value, and performs gear preset calculation, wherein the calculated preset gear enables the magnitude order of the neutron fluence rate of the nuclear measuring device measured reactor to be matched with the target power value;
(3) switching the gear of the nuclear measuring device to the preset gear, sending a gear descending prohibition instruction, and prohibiting the gear from being automatically switched to a small gear when the power of the reactor is small;
(4) the reactor power is increased, and the nuclear measuring device cannot generate gear shifting action in the process of increasing the reactor power to the target power value.
2. The method of avoiding power disturbances caused by shifting of a nuclear measurement plant of a reactor according to claim 1, wherein: and if the target power value is not the final power of reactor opening, resetting the target power value and repeating the steps (1) - (4).
3. The method of avoiding power disturbances caused by shifting of a nuclear measurement plant of a reactor according to claim 1, wherein: and if the target power value is the final reactor opening power, issuing a reactor reaching final power instruction and canceling the instruction for forbidding downshift.
4. The method of avoiding power disturbances caused by shifting of a nuclear measurement plant of a reactor according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the nuclear measuring device with the protection function performs gear presetting according to the target power value.
5. The method of avoiding power disturbances caused by shifting of a nuclear measurement plant of a reactor according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), a target power value receiving interface is arranged in the nuclear measuring device, and a master control room operator issues a target power value of reactor opening to the nuclear measuring device through an upper computer.
6. An apparatus for avoiding power disturbances caused by shifting of a nuclear measurement device of a reactor, comprising:
the target power value interface module is used for setting a target power value of reactor opening;
the gear presetting calculation module is used for carrying out gear presetting calculation, and the calculated preset gear enables the magnitude order of the neutron fluence rate of the nuclear measuring device measured reactor to be matched with a target power value;
and the gear control module is used for switching the gear of the nuclear measuring device to the preset gear, sending a gear descending prohibition instruction and prohibiting the gear from being automatically switched to a small gear when the power of the reactor is low.
7. The apparatus for avoiding power disturbances caused by shifting of a nuclear measurement plant of a reactor according to claim 6, wherein: the target power value interface module is connected with an upper computer and receives a target power value of reactor opening given by the upper computer; if the target power value is not the final power of reactor opening, resetting the target power value by the upper computer; and if the target power value is the final reactor opening power, the upper computer sends a reactor reaching final power instruction and cancels the instruction of forbidding gear reduction.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113066594A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-02 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Power current range switching method and device of reactivity meter |
| CN114530268A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-24 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Reactor protection method, system and computer readable storage medium |
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