CN111366510B - Suspended particulate matter flux measuring device utilizing synchronous polarization and fluorescence - Google Patents
Suspended particulate matter flux measuring device utilizing synchronous polarization and fluorescence Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A suspended particle flux measuring device utilizing synchronous polarization and fluorescence comprises a light source, a polarizer, an irradiation optical system, a first receiving optical system, a second receiving optical system, a polarization imaging system, a fluorescence camera and an image processing end, wherein light emitted by the light source generates incident polarized light after passing through the polarizer, the incident polarized light is converted into a sheet light source through the irradiation optical system, a plurality of suspended particles in a liquid section are irradiated, the first receiving optical system and the second receiving optical system are arranged at two symmetrical scattering angles, and the scattered light of the suspended particles is received and respectively sent to the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera, so that each suspended particle respectively forms a polarization image point and a fluorescence image point on the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera at the same time, the measurement of the fluxes of the suspended particles in a water body section is realized, and the polarization-fluorescence synchronous measurement data of each suspended particle are utilized, and determining the type information of the suspended particulate matters. The device can be used for rapidly identifying the suspended particles in the water body at high flux.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to detection of suspended particles, in particular to a suspended particle flux measuring device utilizing synchronous polarization and fluorescence.
Background
The method is an important means for ecological research and environmental monitoring, and can quickly, accurately and massively obtain the information of the suspended particles in the water body, especially measure the flux of the suspended particles. Current methods for estimating water body suspended particles, including weighing, mass or number concentration, cannot classify and identify water body suspended particles. Optical methods are of great interest because of their advantages such as high resolution, no damage, and non-contact. The traditional optical imaging method utilizes a complex optical system to simultaneously image a plurality of particles in an imaging surface, and utilizes the appearance, the integral structure and the like to identify and classify the particles; by combining with a flow type sampling technology, flux information of particles in a water body can be obtained, but the method faces the dilemma that the resolution and the visual field are mutually restricted. The optical fluorescence and scattering method obtains the integral optical effect of the water body by measuring pigment fluorescence, scattering light intensity and the like of the particles, and has limited capability of identifying and classifying the particles.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical drawbacks, and to provide a suspended particle flux measuring device using simultaneous polarization and fluorescence.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a suspended particle flux measuring device utilizing synchronous polarization and fluorescence comprises a light source, a polarizer, an irradiation optical system, a first receiving optical system, a second receiving optical system, a polarization imaging system, a fluorescence camera and an image processing end, wherein incident polarized light is generated after light emitted by the light source passes through the polarizer, the incident polarized light is converted into a sheet light source through the irradiation optical system, a plurality of suspended particles in a liquid cross section are irradiated, the first receiving optical system and the second receiving optical system are arranged at two symmetrical scattering angles relative to the sheet light source, scattered light from the irradiated suspended particles is received and is respectively transmitted to the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera, and therefore each suspended particle forms an image point in a polarization image and an image point in the fluorescence image on the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera respectively and simultaneously, the image processing end obtains the polarization image and the fluorescence image to realize the measurement of the fluxes of a plurality of suspended particles in the water body section, wherein the polarization-fluorescence synchronous measurement data of each suspended particle is utilized, and the type information of the suspended particles is determined by combining the polarization scattering characteristic and the excitation fluorescence characteristic.
Further:
the illumination optical system comprises a cylindrical lens, and the incident polarized light is converted into the sheet light source to be illuminated to the plurality of suspended particles through the cylindrical lens.
The first receiving optical system and the second receiving optical system are disposed at two back scattering angles that are symmetrical with respect to the sheet light source.
The two backscatter angles are plus 90 ° and minus 90 °.
First receiving optical system includes first receiving lens, and the scattered light passes through shine behind the first receiving lens polarization imaging system, second receiving optical system includes the filter of second receiving lens and incident light wavelength, through the light signal of second receiving lens by the filter filters out the scattered light, makes the produced fluorescence of arousing of suspended particles pass through, shines fluorescence camera.
The sheet light source obtained by conversion of the illumination optical system forms a detection section with uniform light intensity, so that only suspended particles in the detection section can be detected to obtain scattering signals.
The polarization imaging system includes a polarization camera.
The signal-to-noise ratio of the polarized scattered signal and the excited fluorescent signal is adjusted by controlling the optical power, wavelength, pulsed or continuous illumination of the light source.
The image processing end realizes the identification of different particles by reading the polarization parameters of the suspended particles under the incident light of different polarization states and the excitation fluorescence light intensity and/or wavelength of the suspended particles.
An image acquisition module for the suspended particle flux measuring device comprises a light source, a polarizer, an irradiation optical system, a first receiving optical system, a second receiving optical system, a polarization imaging system and a fluorescence camera, wherein the light emitted by the light source generates incident polarized light after passing through the polarizer, the incident polarized light is converted into a sheet light source through the irradiation optical system, a plurality of suspended particles in a liquid section are irradiated, the first receiving optical system and the second receiving optical system are arranged at two symmetrical scattering angles relative to the sheet light source, the scattered light from the irradiated suspended particles is received and is respectively transmitted to the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera, so that each suspended particle simultaneously forms an image point in a polarization image and an image point in a fluorescence image on the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera, the space is in one-to-one correspondence.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the utility model provides a method for measuring the flux of particles by measuring the polarization data and the fluorescence data of the particles in a water body interface through synchronous polarization-fluorescence measurement to obtain the physical structure and pigment fluorescence information of the particles. The polarized light scattering and fluorescence excitation of a plurality of suspended particles illuminated by a sheet light source are received by a polarized imaging system and a high-sensitivity camera simultaneously to obtain polarized data and fluorescence intensity data of the suspended particles in the water body, and the number, classification information and the like of the particles in the water body section are determined by combining the polarized light scattering characteristics and fluorescence excitation characteristics of the suspended particles in the water body section, so that the aim of rapidly and high-flux identifying the suspended particles in the water body (including different suspended microorganisms, biological and non-biological particles and the like) is fulfilled.
Compared with other optical methods, the method simultaneously receives the scattered light of a plurality of particles in the water body section illuminated by the sheet light source, synchronously obtains polarization data and fluorescence data, utilizes the polarization characteristics to know the internal structure of the particles, and utilizes the excitation fluorescence characteristics to know the composition condition of the particle pigment so as to realize the rapid measurement of the composition of the suspended particles in the water body.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an image acquisition module in a suspended particle flux measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a suspended particle flux measuring device using simultaneous polarization and fluorescence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model or its application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, the connection may be for either a fixed or coupled or communicating function.
It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be in any way limiting of the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The polarized light has the characteristic of sensitivity to the fine structure, and the optical polarization parameters of the suspended particles can represent the physical characteristics of the fine structure, the form, the absorption and the like. The particle pigment fluorescence signal can be used for identifying the types and the pigment contents of suspended particles such as microalgae and the like. The inventor realizes that if the polarization and fluorescence information of the suspended particles in the water body can be acquired synchronously, the reliability of the identification and the differentiation of the particles in the water body can be greatly improved; meanwhile, if polarization-fluorescence signals can be measured simultaneously aiming at a plurality of particles in a specific section of the water body, flux information of the suspended particles in the water body is obtained, and the type and quantity data of the particles in the water body can be obtained quickly.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an image acquisition module in a suspended particle flux measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a suspended particle flux measuring device using simultaneous polarization and fluorescence according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a suspended particle flux measuring apparatus using synchronous polarization and fluorescence, including a light source 1, a polarizer 2, an illumination optical system 3, a first receiving optical system 4, a second receiving optical system 6, a polarization imaging system 5, a fluorescence camera 7, and an image processing end 12, where light emitted from the light source 1 passes through the polarizer 2 to generate incident polarized light, the incident polarized light is converted into a sheet light source by the illumination optical system 3 to illuminate a plurality of suspended particles 8 in a liquid cross section, the first receiving optical system 4 and the second receiving optical system 6 are disposed at two symmetrical scattering angles with respect to the sheet light source, and scattered light from the illuminated suspended particles 8 is received and transmitted to the polarization imaging system 5 and the fluorescence camera 7, respectively, so that each suspended particle 8 forms a polarization on the polarization imaging system 5 and the fluorescence camera 7, respectively, simultaneously The image points in the vibration image and the image points in the fluorescence image are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship in space, the polarization image and the fluorescence image are actually two-dimensionally distributed in a detection cross section of a plurality of particles, the polarization image and the fluorescence image are obtained by the image processing end 12, the flux measurement of a plurality of suspended particles 8 in the water body cross section is realized, and the polarization-fluorescence synchronous measurement data of each suspended particle 8 is utilized to determine the type information of the suspended particles 8 by combining the polarization scattering characteristic and the excitation fluorescence characteristic.
In the suspended particulate matter flux measuring device, the light source 1, the polarizer 2, the illumination optical system 3, the first receiving optical system 4, the second receiving optical system 6, the polarization imaging system 5 and the fluorescence camera 7 constitute an image acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The suspended particle flux measuring device provided by the embodiment of the utility model measures the polarization data and fluorescence data of particles in a water body interface through synchronous polarization-fluorescence measurement to obtain the physical structure and pigment fluorescence information of the particles, thereby realizing the measurement of the particle flux. The polarization imaging system 5 and the high-sensitivity fluorescence camera 7 are used for simultaneously receiving the polarization scattering light and the excitation fluorescence of the suspended particles 8 illuminated by the sheet light source to obtain the polarization data and the fluorescence intensity data of the suspended particles in the water body, and the quantity, the classification information and the like of the particles in the water body section can be determined by combining the polarization scattering property and the excitation fluorescence property of the suspended particles in the water body section, so that the purpose of rapidly and high-flux identifying the suspended particles 8 in the water body (including different suspended microorganisms, biological and non-biological particles and the like) is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a high-power light source 1 generates specific incident polarized light after passing through a polarizing device, and is converted into a sheet light source by an illumination optical system 3 to illuminate a plurality of suspended particles 8 in a certain water body section. Then, two receiving arms are provided at two back scattering angles (for example, plus or minus 90 °), one of which includes the first receiving optical system 4 and the polarization imaging system 5, and the other of which includes the second receiving optical system 6 and the fluorescence camera 7. The first receiving optical system 4 and the second receiving optical system 6 receive scattered light signals of the particles illuminated by the sheet light source, and scattered light of a plurality of particles in a cross section covered by the sheet light source is collected by lenses 9 and 10 of the receiving optical systems. The sheet light source is in an object-image relationship with the receiving optical system between the polarization imaging system 5 and the fluorescence camera 7 (the dotted line in fig. 1 and fig. 2 is the imaging of other suspended particles not in the center of the camera), so that the scattered light of the particles passes through the receiving optical system and then forms image points on the camera, thereby realizing the simultaneous measurement of a plurality of particles, namely realizing the measurement of the particle flux in the water body section. Meanwhile, each particle finally forms a polarization image and a fluorescence image on the polarization imaging system 5 and the fluorescence camera 7 at the same time, and the space is in one-to-one correspondence, so that the polarization-fluorescence synchronous measurement is realized. Using the polarization-fluorescence data for each particle, information about the type of particle can be obtained. Therefore, flux quantity and type measurement of particles in the water body section can be realized. It should be noted that unlike conventional imaging techniques, each particle of the present invention is a (blob) spot in the camera, so the resolution, aberration, and numerical aperture requirements of the receiving optical system are not high.
Because the scattering and fluorescence signals of single particles are weaker, in order to improve the signal to noise ratio, the measuring device adopts a proper high-power light source 1, a high-power sheet light source is used as incident light, the sheet light source is used as the incident light, and suspended particles in the section of a specified water body can be illuminated. The thickness of the sheet light generated by the illumination optical system 3 is small through setting, and the intensity is relatively uniform in an effective detection range. The signal-to-noise ratio of the measured polarization scattering signal and the excitation fluorescence signal is ensured by controlling the optical power, wavelength, pulse or continuous illumination of the high-power light source 1. By utilizing a camera imaging technology, rapid and high-flux polarization-fluorescence imaging of a plurality of particles in the water body can be realized, and rapid interpretation of components of suspended particles in the water body can be realized.
In a preferred embodiment, only particles within the cross-section illuminated by the sheet light source can be detected for their scattered signal and eventually received by the receiving optical system, this region in the body of water being referred to as the detection cross-section. By limiting the detection cross section, the suspended particles in the water body cross section are illuminated, the scattered light of a plurality of particles in the detection cross section is collected, the flux measurement of the suspended particles in the cross section is realized by the polarization imaging system 5 and the fluorescence camera 7, and then the polarization data and the fluorescence data of the plurality of particles in the cross section are obtained. The thickness of the detection section is controlled in a proper range, so that the measurement quality is better, and the influence of particle overlapping on an image is reduced. The area of the detection section is related to the uniformity of the sheet light source and the receiving optical system, and the area of the detection section can be larger when the sheet light source is more uniform. The polarization imaging system 5 and the fluorescence camera 7 respectively measure the illuminated suspended particles in the detection cross section at two receiving ends, and synchronously obtain a polarization data image and a fluorescence data image of the illuminated suspended particles in the detection cross section, wherein the polarization data image and the fluorescence data image are actually two-dimensional distribution of a plurality of particles in the detection cross section, and the spatial positions of the polarization-fluorescence data correspond to each other one by one.
By setting the polarization state of the incident light, the polarization parameters resulting from illumination of the particle by the incident light can be a good characterization of the particle. The incident light with different polarization states can obtain the polarization parameters of different particles, and the information content of the suspended particles in the water body can be improved by combining the parameters, so that the identification of different particles is realized. The polarization imaging system 5 may employ, but is not limited to, a polarization camera. Meanwhile, due to the difference of the pigment composition in the particles, the wavelength and the intensity of the excited fluorescence have specific expressions due to the difference of the particles, so that the formed fluorescence data also have specific expressions due to the difference of the particles.
In a preferred embodiment, in combination with the polarization-fluorescence data, if there is an intensity near a pixel in the polarization image and the intensity near the corresponding pixel in the fluorescence image approaches or tends to 0, then the particle is identified as a non-biological particle or a particle without pigment; if the intensity near the corresponding pixel is strong, the corresponding identified particle is a biological particle containing a pigment, and the particle can be distinguished according to the intensity. By utilizing the polarization-fluorescence data, namely combining factors such as the internal structure and pigment information of the suspended particles, the accuracy of particle identification is greatly improved.
Fig. 2 shows a suspended particulate matter flux measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The light source 1 has an optical power of more than 1W and continuously irradiates. The high-power light source 1 modulated by the polarizer 2 is converted into a sheet light source through a cylindrical lens of the illuminating optical system 3 to illuminate suspended particles on a certain section of a water body, and receiving optical systems are respectively arranged at the positive and negative 90 degrees to receive scattering signals of the particles. Receiving scattered light by using a receiving lens at minus 90 degrees, and then forming a polarized image by using a polarization camera; the scattered signal is received by a receiving lens at a positive 90 DEG, and then a fluorescence signal is obtained after passing through a filter 11, and a fluorescence image is formed by a fluorescence camera 7. And finally, transmitting the obtained polarization image and the fluorescence image to an image processing end for image analysis processing, reading the polarization and fluorescence characteristics of the suspended particles in the water body, and realizing the rapid identification and distinguishing of the suspended particles.
Compared with other optical methods, the embodiment of the utility model simultaneously receives the scattered light of a plurality of particles in the water body section illuminated by the high-power sheet light source, synchronously obtains the polarization data and the fluorescence data, utilizes the polarization characteristics to know the internal structure of the particles, and utilizes the excitation fluorescence characteristics to know the composition condition of the particle pigment, so as to realize the rapid measurement of the composition of the suspended particles in the water body.
The background of the present invention may contain background information related to the problem or environment of the present invention and does not necessarily describe the prior art. Accordingly, the inclusion in the background section is not an admission of prior art by the applicant.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the utility model in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the utility model to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the utility model, and these substitutions and modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of the utility model. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A suspended particle flux measuring device utilizing synchronous polarization and fluorescence is characterized by comprising a light source, a polarizer, an irradiation optical system, a first receiving optical system, a second receiving optical system, a polarization imaging system, a fluorescence camera and an image processing end, wherein incident polarized light is generated after light emitted by the light source passes through the polarizer and is converted into a sheet light source through the irradiation optical system to irradiate a plurality of suspended particles in a liquid section, the first receiving optical system and the second receiving optical system are arranged at two symmetrical scattering angles relative to the sheet light source, scattered light from the irradiated suspended particles is received and is respectively transmitted to the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera, and therefore each suspended particle simultaneously forms an image point in a polarization image and an image point in a fluorescence image on the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera, the image processing end obtains the polarization image and the fluorescence image to realize the measurement of the fluxes of a plurality of suspended particles in the water body section, wherein the polarization-fluorescence synchronous measurement data of each suspended particle is utilized, and the type information of the suspended particles is determined by combining the polarization scattering characteristic and the excitation fluorescence characteristic.
2. The suspended particle flux measurement apparatus of claim 1, wherein the illumination optical system comprises a cylindrical lens through which the incident polarized light is converted into the sheet light source to illuminate the plurality of suspended particles.
3. The suspended particulate flux measurement apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second receiving optical systems are disposed at two back-scattering angles that are symmetrical with respect to the sheet light source.
4. The suspended particulate flux measurement device of claim 3, wherein the two backscatter angles are plus 90 ° and minus 90 °.
5. The suspended particulate matter flux measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first receiving optical system includes a first receiving lens through which scattered light is irradiated to the polarization imaging system, and the second receiving optical system includes a second receiving lens through which a light signal passing through the second receiving lens is filtered by a filter for filtering the scattered light, and passes excited fluorescence generated by the suspended particulate matter to the fluorescence camera.
6. A suspended particle flux measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sheet light source converted by said illumination optical system forms a detection section with uniform light intensity so that only the suspended particles in the detection section can be detected as scattered signals thereof.
7. The suspended particulate flux measurement device of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polarization imaging system comprises a polarization camera.
8. The suspended particle flux measurement device of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the signal-to-noise ratio of the polarized scattered signal and the excited fluorescence signal is adjusted by controlling the optical power, wavelength, pulsed or continuous illumination of the light source.
9. The suspended particle flux measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the image processing terminal identifies different particles by interpreting polarization parameters of the suspended particles under incident light of different polarization states and the intensity and/or wavelength of the excited fluorescence of the suspended particles.
10. An image collecting module for the suspended particle flux measuring device of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a light source, a polarizer, an illuminating optical system, a first receiving optical system, a second receiving optical system, a polarization imaging system and a fluorescence camera, wherein the light emitted from the light source generates incident polarized light after passing through the polarizer, is converted into a sheet light source through the illuminating optical system, illuminates a plurality of suspended particles in a liquid cross section, the first receiving optical system and the second receiving optical system are arranged at two symmetrical scattering angles relative to the sheet light source, receives scattered light from each illuminated suspended particle and transmits the scattered light to the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera respectively, so that each suspended particle forms an image point in a polarization image and an image point in a fluorescence image on the polarization imaging system and the fluorescence camera respectively at the same time, the space is in one-to-one correspondence.
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| CN112098289B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-04-20 | 中国海洋大学 | Device and method for measuring concentration of ocean suspended particulate matters based on digital image processing |
| CN112804510B (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-06-03 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Color fidelity processing method and device for deep water image, storage medium and camera |
| CN113074908A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-06 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Device and method for measuring influence of water level fluctuation on hydrodynamic force of benthonic animal habitat in river-dredging lake |
| CN114674760B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-06 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Symmetric marine planktonic algae polarization scattering multi-angle measuring instrument and measuring method thereof |
| CN117739805A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2024-03-22 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Underwater high-flux imaging monitoring device |
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