CN111362760B - Compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362760B CN111362760B CN202010158545.0A CN202010158545A CN111362760B CN 111362760 B CN111362760 B CN 111362760B CN 202010158545 A CN202010158545 A CN 202010158545A CN 111362760 B CN111362760 B CN 111362760B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of compound microorganism, 400-700 parts of animal manure, 1-10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 1-5 parts of urea and 1-10 parts of potassium phosphate; the compound microorganism comprises candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium chlamydosporium. The compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer comprises candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachycorum. Wherein, the candida tropicalis and the bacillus subtilis can obviously enhance the inhibition effect of verticillium pachydenum on the root-knot nematode. The biological compound fertilizer wrapped by the compound microbial agent is used as a base fertilizer for tomato planting, can obviously inhibit the root-knot nematode disease and keep higher tomato fruit yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Root-knot nematodes are obligate parasites of more than 30 common vegetables, distributed widely in tropical and subtropical regions. Root-knot nematodes affect the growth of vegetables and reduce the yield of vegetables.
At present, root-knot nematodes are mainly controlled by physical exposure and use of chemical pesticides such as metam, calcium cyanamide, fosthiazate and the like. The solarization method is inconvenient and inefficient, and chemical reagents are easy to cause soil pollution and pesticide enrichment of vegetables. Verticillium pachyrhizi is a microbial preparation which is widely used at present and used for inhibiting root-knot nematodes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer containing verticillium pachyrhizi and a preparation method thereof, the compound fertilizer can effectively provide the influence required by vegetable production, can also effectively inhibit the incidence of root-knot nematodes, and is green, environment-friendly and pollution-free.
In the research, the compound fertilizer containing the candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachycota compound microorganisms is found to be capable of effectively inhibiting the morbidity of the tomato meloidogyne. Further research finds that the mechanism of the method is that the candida tropicalis, the bacillus subtilis and the verticillium pachychizi have a synergistic effect on inhibiting the tomato meloidogyne, and the ability of the verticillium pachychizi for inhibiting the meloidogyne can be obviously enhanced.
The first aspect of the invention provides a compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-15 parts of compound microorganism, 400-700 parts of animal waste, 1-10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 1-5 parts of urea and 1-10 parts of potassium phosphate;
the compound microorganism comprises candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachysarum.
In some embodiments of the invention, the composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10 parts of compound microorganism, 500 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 2 parts of urea and 5 parts of potassium phosphate;
the compound microorganism comprises candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachysarum.
In some embodiments of the invention, the animal manure is selected from one or more of chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure and sheep manure, preferably chicken manure.
In some embodiments of the invention, the animal waste is animal waste that has been composted and dried to a moisture content of less than 20%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis, and verticillium chlamydosporium included in the complex microorganism is 5-15: 80-110, preferably 10:10: 100.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a compound fertilizer according to the first aspect, comprising the steps of:
s01, drying, crushing and sieving decomposed animal wastes;
s02, mixing with diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium phosphate;
s03, mixing with Candida tropicalis, Bacillus subtilis and Verticillium pachyrhizi respectively;
and optionally S04, dispensing.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S01, the matured animal manure is dried to a moisture content of less than 20%.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S01, the sample is passed through a 50-100 mesh screen.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step S03, the candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis, and verticillium chlamydosporium are culture solutions or isolated bacterial cells.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step S03, the separated bacterial cells are filtered or freeze-dried.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the S03 step, when the candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis, and verticillium chlamydosporium are culture solutions, they are mixed in batches;
preferably, the weight ratio of the culture solution to the mixture of the animal wastes, the diammonium phosphate, the urea and the potassium phosphate is 5-15:100 in each mixing, and after mixing, the water content is lower than 20% in the drying process at the temperature of 30-40 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer comprises candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachysarum. Wherein, the candida tropicalis and the bacillus subtilis can obviously enhance the inhibition effect of verticillium pachydenum on the root-knot nematode. The biological compound fertilizer wrapped by the compound microbial agent is used as a base fertilizer for tomato planting, can obviously inhibit the root-knot nematode disease and keep higher tomato fruit yield.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Before the present embodiments are further described, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
When numerical ranges are given in the examples, it is understood that both endpoints of each of the numerical ranges and any number between the two endpoints are optional unless otherwise specified in the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, any methods, devices, and materials similar or equivalent to those described in the examples may be used in the practice of the invention in addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, in keeping with the knowledge of one skilled in the art and with the description of the invention.
Example 1
The compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10 parts of compound microorganism, 500 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 2 parts of urea and 5 parts of potassium phosphate;
the compound microorganism comprises candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium chlamydosporium.
The animal manure is chicken manure which is decomposed and dried until the water content is lower than 20%.
The proportion of the composite microorganism comprising candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachycorum is 10:10: 100.
Example 2
The preparation method of the compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s01, drying the decomposed animal waste until the water content is 20%, crushing, and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve;
s02, mixing with diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium phosphate;
s03, mixing with Candida tropicalis lyophilized powder, Bacillus subtilis lyophilized powder and Verticillium pachyrhizus lyophilized powder.
Example 3
The compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15 parts of compound microorganism, 400 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 2 parts of urea and 5 parts of potassium phosphate;
the compound microorganism comprises candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium chlamydosporium.
The animal manure is chicken manure which is decomposed and dried until the water content is lower than 20%.
The proportion of the composite microorganism comprising candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachycorum is 10:10: 80.
Example 4
The compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5 parts of compound microorganism, 600 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 2 parts of urea and 5 parts of potassium phosphate;
the compound microorganism comprises candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium chlamydosporium.
The animal manure is chicken manure which is decomposed and dried until the water content is lower than 20%.
The composite microorganism comprises candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachysarum in a ratio of 10:10: 80.
Comparative example 1
The compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15 parts of compound microorganism, 500 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 2 parts of urea and 5 parts of potassium phosphate;
the compound microorganism comprises candida tropicalis and bacillus subtilis.
The animal manure is chicken manure which is decomposed and dried until the water content is lower than 20%.
The proportion of the candida tropicalis to the bacillus subtilis in the compound microorganism is 10: 10.
Comparative example 2
The compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15 parts of compound microorganism, 500 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 2 parts of urea and 5 parts of potassium phosphate;
the compound microorganism comprises verticillium dahliae.
The animal manure is chicken manure which is decomposed and dried until the water content is lower than 20%.
Comparative example 3
The compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
500 parts of animal waste, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 2 parts of urea and 5 parts of potassium phosphate;
the animal manure is chicken manure which is decomposed and dried until the water content is lower than 20%.
Experimental example 1
Application of compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer in tomato cultivation
The tomato is of a variety of No. 9 medium-impurity, and is planted in a greenhouse after hole-plate seedling cultivation, wherein the row spacing is 65cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm.
The compound microbial agent wraps the biological compound fertilizer, and the biological compound fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer to be applied according to the amount of 500Kg per mu.
And (4) carrying out greenhouse management according to the same conventional cultivation mode, and inspecting the growth condition of the plants and the root knot condition on the root system when the tomatoes pull seedlings.
Examples 1, 3, 4 prepared according to the method of example 2 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3 prepared according to the method of reference example 2 are grouped.
The average yield of the highest yield group in examples and controls was taken as 100 points, and the ratio of the yield of each example and control to the highest yield group was scored, and the results are shown in Table 1.
In each example and control example group, root knots on less than 30 percent of root systems are effective in inhibiting root-knot nematodes, and root knots on more than 80 percent of root systems are not effective in inhibiting root-knot nematodes. The effective inhibition rate is the percentage of the plants which can effectively inhibit the root-knot nematodes in the total plants in the group, and the inefficiency rate is the percentage of the plants which can not effectively inhibit the root-knot nematodes in the total plants in the group, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 Effect of Compound fertilizers on tomato fruit yield
TABLE 2 Effect of Compound fertilizers on root-knot nematode inhibition
Effective inhibition rate/%) | Without efficiency/%) | |
Example 1 | 80 | 10 |
Example 3 | 75 | 15 |
Example 4 | 75 | 15 |
Comparative example 1 | 10 | 80 |
Comparative example 2 | 40 | 50 |
Comparative example 3 | 0 | 95 |
While the preferred embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (12)
1. The compound microbial agent-coated biological compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-15 parts of compound microorganism, 400-700 parts of animal manure, 1-10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 1-5 parts of urea and 1-10 parts of potassium phosphate;
the compound microorganism is candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium chlamydosporium;
the proportion of candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachycesum in the composite microorganism is 5-15: 80-110.
2. The compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10 parts of compound microorganism, 500 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 2 parts of urea and 5 parts of potassium phosphate;
The compound microorganism is candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis and verticillium pachysarum.
3. Compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the animal manure is selected from one or more of chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure and sheep manure.
4. Compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that the animal manure is chicken manure.
5. Compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the animal manure is animal manure that has been matured and dried to a moisture content of less than 20%.
6. Compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ratio among said microorganisms Candida tropicalis, Bacillus subtilis and Verticillium pachyrhizi is 10:10: 100.
7. A method for producing a compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s01, drying, crushing and sieving the decomposed animal manure;
s02, mixing with diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium phosphate;
s03, mixing with Candida tropicalis, Bacillus subtilis and Verticillium pachyrhizi respectively;
and optionally S04, dispensing.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step of S01, the decomposed animal waste is dried to a moisture content of less than 20%;
And/or, sieving with 50-100 mesh sieve.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step S03, the Candida tropicalis, Bacillus subtilis, and Verticillium pachyrhizi are culture solutions or isolated bacterial cells.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein in the step of S03, the separation method is filtration or freeze drying.
11. The method according to claim 7, wherein the Candida tropicalis, Bacillus subtilis, and Verticillium pachyrhizi are mixed in batches when the culture solution is used in the step S03.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the mixture of the culture broth and the mixture of animal manure, diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium phosphate is mixed at a weight ratio of 5-15:100, and the water content is less than 20% at 30-40 ℃ after mixing.
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