CN111351431A - Correction method of detection system for multi-hole sites on PCB - Google Patents
Correction method of detection system for multi-hole sites on PCB Download PDFInfo
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- CN111351431A CN111351431A CN202010286897.4A CN202010286897A CN111351431A CN 111351431 A CN111351431 A CN 111351431A CN 202010286897 A CN202010286897 A CN 202010286897A CN 111351431 A CN111351431 A CN 111351431A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/13—Edge detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
- G06T2207/30148—Semiconductor; IC; Wafer
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
A method for correcting the multi-hole position detecting system on PCB board includes such steps as using the detecting system to shoot all holes on PCB board by taking a single hole as center to obtain an ideal picture of hole position (no edge acquisition), shooting the whole PCB board by taking the center of whole PCB board as center to obtain an actual picture of hole position (no edge acquisition), recognizing the images of said pictures to obtain ideal and actual coordinate values, one-to-one correspondence between said coordinate values to obtain the mapping relation between said coordinate values, determining the correcting relation formula of said detecting system according to said mapping relation to solve the error of image acquisition caused by lens edge deformation, therefore, the coordinate data of the hole sites detected by the detection system is ensured to be consistent with the actual coordinate data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial correction, and particularly relates to a correction method of a detection system for multi-hole sites on a PCB.
Background
With the development of integrated circuit technology, the manufacturing requirements of the PCB board are higher and higher. This puts higher demands on the quality inspection of the PCB board. In order to manufacture a specific circuit on the PCB, the surface of the PCB needs to be drilled, how to quickly detect the drilled holes on the PCB, so that quality problems such as hole size, hole plug, hole deformation and the like can be found in time, and the key problem of improving the production line efficiency of the PCB is solved.
In the chinese patent with the publication number "CN 203518940U" entitled "a PCB hole site precision detection device", a PCB hole site precision detection device is disclosed, which comprises a motion control card, an image acquisition card, an industrial control computer, a three-dimensional workbench for placing a PCB board, a light source controller for adjusting the shooting brightness of the PCB board, and a CCD camera for acquiring a hole site image of the PCB board; the image acquisition card is provided with an acquisition input end and an acquisition output end; the motion control card is in driving connection with the three-dimensional workbench, the acquisition input end of the image acquisition card is electrically connected with the CCD camera, and the acquisition output end of the image acquisition card, the motion control card and the light source controller are respectively and electrically connected with the industrial control computer. The utility model controls the motion of the PCB board through the motion control card, and moves the PCB board to a high resolution imaging display area; and the light source controller is used for controlling the hole position image acquisition of the PCB to obtain a hole position image of the PCB with high definition, so that the high-precision positioning of the PCB can be finally realized, and the accuracy and the stability of the hole position detection of the PCB are improved.
In the above patent, the high-precision positioning of the hole site on the PCB is obtained by collecting the hole site image of the PCB with high definition, but due to the existence of the distortion of the camera lens and other factors, the image collected by the system and the object itself have great difference, the image of the central part of the lens is accurate, and the error of the edge part is great. In order to improve the detection accuracy of the whole image, correction is required, especially for an edge portion with relatively large distortion.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, a primary objective of the present invention is to provide a calibration method for a multi-hole position detection system on a PCB, the method utilizes two modes of single detection and whole-board hole position detection of the detection system on the PCB, reflects the malformation situation of the hole position at the edge of the lens by comparing the difference of the corresponding coordinate values under the two detections, and establishes a calibration relation of the detection system, so as to calibrate the multi-hole position detection system on the PCB.
The invention also aims to provide a correction method of the detection system of the multi-hole sites on the PCB, which is based on a two-dimensional plane and realizes the determination of the mapping relation between coordinate points by using a least square method, thereby realizing the determination of the correction relation formula, and the method is simple, accurate and rapid.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
A method for correcting a multi-hole site detection system on a PCB is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1: shooting all holes on the PCB respectively by using a detection system and taking a single hole as a center to obtain an ideal picture of the hole position;
s2: shooting the whole PCB by using the center of the whole PCB as the center by using a detection system to obtain an actual hole position diagram;
s3: respectively carrying out image recognition on the ideal diagram and the actual diagram to obtain an ideal coordinate value and an actual coordinate value of the hole position on the PCB;
s4: carrying out one-to-one correspondence on the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole to obtain the mapping relation between the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole;
s5: and determining a correction relational expression of the detection system according to the one-to-one mapping relation of the holes of the PCB.
Because the image acquisition system in the detection system acquires the image accurately at the central part of the lens and has larger error at the edge part, therefore, the invention collects the image information of single hole (taking single hole as center, that is, there is no edge collection) and the hole information of the whole PCB (there is edge collection), and respectively calculating the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of the hole site according to the information of the two images, then a one-to-one mapping relation is established for the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole site, finally a correction relation formula of the detection system is determined according to the mapping relation, the error condition of the image acquisition system of the detection system caused by the deformity of the lens edge is solved, the correction of the detection system is realized, therefore, the coordinate data of the hole sites detected by the detection system is ensured to be consistent with the actual coordinate data.
Further, the shooting process of the detection system comprises the steps of controlling the XYZ movement mechanism to move through the computer, and simultaneously starting an image acquisition system erected on the XYZ movement mechanism to acquire hole sites on the PCB. The XYZ motion mechanism is dispatched by the computer, and the position information of the hole sites on the PCB is rapidly acquired by erecting the image acquisition system on the XYZ motion mechanism, so that the smooth proceeding of the image acquisition process is ensured.
Further, in step S1, the image acquisition system takes each hole location as a center to take a picture of all hole locations on the PCB; the image acquisition system is placed right above the hole sites, so that the images of the hole sites can be accurately acquired, and the accuracy of acquiring the position information of the single hole site is ensured.
Further, in the step S2, the image capturing system takes the center of the whole PCB as the center to take a picture of the whole PCB; the mode is a common image acquisition mode, and in the shooting process of the whole PCB, the situation that a hole position is positioned at the edge of a lens exists, namely the situation that a detection error exists in a calibration and measurement system.
Further, in the step S3, each hole of the PCB has an actual coordinate value corresponding to the ideal coordinate value, and the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of the hole of the PCB are associated to establish a mapping relationship. For example: the ideal coordinates in the ideal map are (x, y), the actual coordinates in the actual map are (x ', y '), and then the mapping relationship between (x, y) and (x ', y ') is x ' ═ s (x, y); y ═ t (x, y).
Further, according to the PCB boardThe one-to-one mapping relation established between the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole realizes the establishment of the correction relation of the detection system by utilizing the nonlinear relation of the polynomial. For example: in n hole sites, the ideal coordinates are (x) respectively1,y1)、(x2,y2)···(xn,yn) These points are called constraint points, and the actual coordinates corresponding to these n hole sites are (x) respectively1',y1')、(x2',y2')···(xn',yn') of the coordinate system, identifying parameters s and t in the equation by a least square method based on the n pairs of constraint points, and determining the mapping relation of the coordinates.
The invention acquires the image information of a single hole site (the single hole site is taken as the center, namely the situation of edge acquisition does not exist) and the hole site information of the whole PCB (the situation of edge acquisition exists), calculates the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of the hole site respectively by utilizing an image processing and analyzing algorithm according to the two image information, establishes a one-to-one mapping relation aiming at the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole site, and finally determines the correction relational expression of the detection system according to the mapping relation, thereby solving the error situation of the acquired image caused by the deformation of the lens edge of the image acquisition system of the detection system, realizing the correction of the detection system and ensuring that the coordinate data of the hole site detected by the detection system is consistent with the actual coordinate data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the detection system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hole position of the PCB board of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
Referring to fig. 1, a calibration method for a multi-hole site detection system on a PCB includes the following steps:
s1: shooting all holes on the PCB respectively by using a detection system and taking a single hole as a center to obtain an ideal picture of the hole position;
s2: shooting the whole PCB by using the center of the whole PCB as the center by using a detection system to obtain an actual hole position diagram;
s3: respectively carrying out image recognition on the ideal diagram and the actual diagram to obtain an ideal coordinate value and an actual coordinate value of the hole position on the PCB;
s4: carrying out one-to-one correspondence on the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole to obtain the mapping relation between the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole;
s5: and determining a correction relational expression of the detection system according to the one-to-one mapping relation of the holes of the PCB.
Because the image acquisition system in the detection system acquires the image accurately at the central part of the lens and has larger error at the edge part, therefore, the invention collects the image information of single hole (taking single hole as center, that is, there is no edge collection) and the hole information of the whole PCB (there is edge collection), and respectively calculating the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of the hole site according to the information of the two images, then a one-to-one mapping relation is established for the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole site, finally a correction relation formula of the detection system is determined according to the mapping relation, the error condition of the image acquisition system of the detection system caused by the deformity of the lens edge is solved, the correction of the detection system is realized, therefore, the coordinate data of the hole sites detected by the detection system is ensured to be consistent with the actual coordinate data.
Referring to fig. 2, further, the shooting process of the detection system includes controlling the XYZ movement mechanism to move through the computer, and simultaneously starting the image acquisition system erected on the XYZ movement mechanism to acquire the hole sites on the PCB. The XYZ motion mechanism is dispatched by the computer, and the position information of the hole sites on the PCB is rapidly acquired by erecting the image acquisition system on the XYZ motion mechanism, so that the smooth proceeding of the image acquisition process is ensured. The detection system further comprises a motion control card, a laser range finder and an image acquisition card, wherein the laser range finder is connected between a computer and the PCB and used for detecting the distance between the image acquisition system and the PCB and ensuring that the image acquisition system and the PCB are located at a safe distance, the image acquisition system comprises an industrial camera, the industrial camera is provided with the image acquisition card, the image acquisition card is in communication connection with the computer, the XYZ motion mechanism comprises an XY motion platform and a Z motion platform, the PCB is arranged on the XY motion platform and is convenient to move to the visible range of the industrial camera, the industrial camera is arranged on the Z motion platform, and the distance between the industrial camera and the PCB is convenient to adjust.
Referring to fig. 3, further, in step S1, the image capturing system takes each hole location as a center to capture all hole locations on the PCB; the image acquisition system is placed right above the hole sites, and the 8 hole sites are displayed in the image, so that the images of the 8 hole sites can be accurately acquired, and the accuracy of acquiring the position information of the 8 hole sites is ensured.
Referring to fig. 3, further, in step S2, the image capturing system takes a picture of the entire PCB with the center o of the entire PCB as the center, wherein 8 hole sites are taken as an example; the mode is a common image acquisition mode, and in the shooting process of the whole PCB, the situation that hole sites are positioned at the edge of a lens exists, namely, the situation that a calibration and measurement system has detection errors, for example, the hole sites at 8 edges in the figure have the situation that acquisition errors are caused by lens deformity in the image acquisition process.
Further, in step S3, each hole of the PCB has an actual coordinate value corresponding to the ideal coordinate value, and the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of the hole of the PCB are mapped. For example: the ideal coordinates in the ideal map are (x, y), the actual coordinates in the actual map are (x ', y '), and then the mapping relationship between (x, y) and (x ', y ') is x ' ═ s (x, y); y ═ t (x, y);
further, according to the ideal coordinate value of each hole in the PCBAnd establishing a one-to-one mapping relation with the actual coordinate value, and establishing a correction relation of the detection system by utilizing the nonlinear relation of the polynomial. For example: in n hole sites, the ideal coordinates are (x) respectively1,y1)、(x2,y2)···(xn,yn) These points are called constraint points, and the actual coordinates corresponding to these n hole sites are (x) respectively1',y1')、(x2',y2')···(xn',yn') of the coordinate system, identifying parameters s and t in the equation by a least square method based on the n pairs of constraint points, and determining the mapping relation of the coordinates. The image distortion is influenced by other nonlinear errors, the data with the discreteness can be fitted by a least square method, the nonlinear relation of a polynomial is utilized to improve the correction effect, but the calculation and the operation process are complicated due to too high order, therefore, the mapping relation between the curves in the same plane can be considered by using a quadratic polynomial to obtain x' ═ x + m1x+m2y+m3xy；y'＝y+n1x+n2y+n3xy; the numerical values of the relations m1, m2, m3, n1, n2 and n3 can be obtained by a least square method, so that a correction relation of the precision of the detection system is established.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for correcting a multi-hole site detection system on a PCB is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1: shooting all holes on the PCB respectively by using a detection system and taking a single hole as a center to obtain an ideal picture of the hole position;
s2: shooting the whole PCB by using the center of the whole PCB as the center by using a detection system to obtain an actual hole position diagram;
s3: respectively carrying out image recognition on the ideal diagram and the actual diagram to obtain an ideal coordinate value and an actual coordinate value of the hole position on the PCB;
s4: carrying out one-to-one correspondence on the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole to obtain the mapping relation between the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of each hole;
s5: and determining a correction relational expression of the detection system according to the one-to-one mapping relation of the holes of the PCB.
2. The method for calibrating a multi-hole site detection system on a PCB of claim 1, wherein the capturing process of the detection system comprises controlling the XYZ motion mechanism to move by a computer, and simultaneously starting an image capturing system mounted on the XYZ motion mechanism to capture the hole sites on the PCB.
3. The method for calibrating a multi-hole site detection system on a PCB of claim 2, wherein in step S1, the image capturing system takes pictures of all hole sites on the PCB respectively with each hole site as the center;
4. the method for calibrating a multi-hole site detection system on a PCB of claim 2, wherein in step S2, the image capturing system takes a picture of the whole PCB centered at the center of the whole PCB;
5. the method for calibrating a multi-hole site detection system on a PCB of claim 1 wherein in step S3, each hole of the PCB has an actual coordinate value corresponding to the ideal coordinate value, and the ideal coordinate value and the actual coordinate value of the hole of the PCB are mapped.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the calibration relation of the detection system is established by using a nonlinear relation of a polynomial according to a one-to-one mapping relation between ideal coordinate values and actual coordinate values of each hole in the PCB.
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| CN113532316A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-22 | 深圳市先地图像科技有限公司 | Device and method capable of simultaneously detecting shape and position deviations of multiple PCBs |
| CN114708151A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-07-05 | 深圳市先地图像科技有限公司 | PCB image processing method |
| CN115673382A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-02-03 | 广东中海万泰技术有限公司 | Deep hole machining method and device |
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