CN111349761B - High-frequency heat treatment process for cutter - Google Patents
High-frequency heat treatment process for cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN111349761B CN111349761B CN202010394497.5A CN202010394497A CN111349761B CN 111349761 B CN111349761 B CN 111349761B CN 202010394497 A CN202010394497 A CN 202010394497A CN 111349761 B CN111349761 B CN 111349761B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/22—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cutter heat treatment, and discloses a cutter high-frequency heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps: step S1, preheating the cutter for the first time; step S2, preheating the cutter for the second time, wherein the heating environment during the second preheating treatment is in a negative pressure atmosphere through air extraction operation; step S3, high-frequency induction heating the cutter; step S4, vacuum gas quenching the cutter; and step S5, tempering the cutter. The invention has the effects of high heat treatment quality and low cutter decarburization probability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutter heat treatment, in particular to a cutter high-frequency heat treatment process.
Background
Heat treatment refers to a hot metal working process in which a material is heated, held and cooled in the solid state to achieve a desired texture and properties. Most of the cutters for machining are made of steel, and the cutting effect and the service life of the cutters are directly influenced by the performance of the cutters, so that the cutters are subjected to heat treatment to obtain excellent cutting performance.
The prior application publication No. CN103276182A discloses a novel process method for high-frequency heat treatment of a turning tool, which comprises the following steps of 1) placing the turning tool into a box furnace for preheating; 2) placing the turning tool into high-frequency induction heating equipment for heating; 3) performing oil quenching on the turning tool and then air cooling; 4) tempering twice, and keeping the temperature for two hours each time.
The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: the phenomenon of the decrease in the carbon content of the steel material is called decarburization, and the strength of the steel material after decarburization is lowered and the decarburization is often accompanied by severe surface oxidation. The higher the temperature is, the more the possibility of decarburization of the tool is; the longer the time in the heated environment, the greater the likelihood of decarburization of the tool. Preheating can reduce the possibility of deformation and cracking of the workpiece due to sudden temperature rise, but also prolongs the time of the cutter in a heating environment, and the heat treatment quality of the cutter is easily reduced due to decarburization and surface oxidation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-frequency heat treatment process for a cutter, which has the effects of high heat treatment quality and low cutter decarburization probability.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: the high-frequency heat treatment process for the cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, preheating the cutter for the first time;
step S2, preheating the cutter for the second time, wherein the heating environment during the second preheating treatment is in a negative pressure atmosphere through air extraction operation;
step S3, high-frequency induction heating the cutter;
step S4, vacuum gas quenching the cutter;
and step S5, tempering the cutter.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, reduce the contact of oxygen and cutter through the negative pressure atmosphere, preheat stage by stage and make the negative pressure atmosphere balanced with preheating efficiency, choose for use vacuum gas quenching during the quenching for the probability of cutter decarbonization is all not high before the high-frequency heating, and cutter heat treatment quality is higher.
The invention is further configured to: the heating period in step S2 is twice the heating period in step S1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the heat transfer efficiency under the negative pressure atmosphere is relatively low, the balance of the negative pressure atmosphere and the preheating efficiency is directly influenced by the time proportion of the first preheating and the second preheating, and the proportion is the optimal proportion.
The invention is further configured to: in step S2, the range of the pressure value during the second preheating process is 10^5 to 10^2 pa.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preheating efficiency can be seriously disturbed if the vacuum degree during the second preheating treatment is too large, the time of the cutter in a high-heat environment is prolonged, and when the air pressure value during the second preheating treatment is in the range, the environment of the cutter is in a low-vacuum state, so that the possibility of decarbonization of the cutter can be reduced, and the preheating efficiency cannot be excessively influenced.
The invention is further configured to: in step S1, the first preheating treatment of the cutter is realized through electric heating and hot air heating;
and in the step S4, extracting air in the environment where the cutter is located, filling inert gas, cooling after manufacturing a negative-pressure inert atmosphere, thereby realizing gas quenching, and extracting inert waste gas after completing the gas quenching, wherein the inert waste gas extracted in the step S4 is one of hot air sources heated by hot air in the step S1.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when cutter high frequency thermal treatment is batch thermal treatment, there is the inertia protection when preheating for the first time, the oxygen proportion of cutter place environment reduces, cutter decarbonization probability is low, and first heat conduction mode of preheating is various, and the cutter thermally equivalent, and thermal treatment quality further improves and heat utilization rate is high.
The invention is further configured to: in step S4, the inert gas is fed into the environment of the cutter in batches, with a gap time of 10 seconds.
By adopting the technical scheme, the gap time ensures that the inert gas has the diffusion buffer time, and the air pressure in the gas quenching furnace is not easy to change suddenly and not easy to cause explosion or furnace body damage.
The other object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for high-frequency heat treatment of a tool, which has the effects of high heat treatment quality and low tool decarburization probability.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: the device applied to the high-frequency heat treatment process of the cutter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises a preheating furnace, a high-frequency heating furnace, a gas quenching furnace and a tempering furnace which are arranged on the ground, and further comprises a hot gas collecting box, wherein an air extracting pump for extracting air is arranged on the preheating furnace, a first vacuum pump for extracting air and an inert component for pouring inert gas are arranged on the gas quenching furnace, the output end of the first vacuum pump is simultaneously connected with the hot gas collecting box and the preheating furnace, a control valve is arranged at the joint of the output end of the first vacuum pump and the preheating furnace, a temperature sensor is arranged in the hot gas collecting box, and the output end of the hot gas collecting box is connected with the tempering furnace, and a control valve and an output pump are arranged at the joint of the output end of the hot gas collecting box and the tempering furnace.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the preheater, the high-frequency heating furnace, the preheating of cutter is accomplished respectively to gas quenching stove and tempering furnace, high-frequency heating, vacuum gas quenching and tempering processing, realize the manufacturing of the negative pressure atmosphere that preheats for the second time through the aspiration pump, realize the replacement of inert gas and the manufacturing of vacuum environment in the gas quenching stove through first vacuum pump and inert subassembly, retrieve the intensification air that takes out in the gas quenching stove through the steam collecting box, and be used for the heating and the heat preservation of tempering furnace, heat utilization rate during batch heat treatment is high, there are negative pressure and inertia protection during cutter heat treatment, cutter decarbonization probability is low, heat treatment quality is high.
The invention is further configured to: the hot air collection box is connected with the hot air collection box, and a second vacuum pump and a control valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the furnace body is not emptied and the batch heat treatment processing is needed to wait among all the steps, the cutter can be temporarily stored in the buffer chamber, the temporary suspension of the temperature change process of the cutter and the protection of the cutter are realized through the high vacuum environment manufactured by the second vacuum pump, the decarburization probability of the cutter in the waiting gap is low, the heat treatment processing is more convenient, and the heat treatment quality is higher.
The invention is further configured to: the front of preheater, high-frequency heating furnace, gas quenching stove, tempering furnace and surge chamber all is provided with the closed door of vertical lift and realizes the material displacement through the platform truck, the specification looks adaptation of preheater, high-frequency heating furnace, gas quenching stove, tempering furnace and surge chamber, the platform truck is by motor drive displacement, infrared signal receiver has set firmly on the platform truck bottom surface and subaerial corresponding infrared signal receiver has set firmly a plurality of infrared signal transmitter that are used for guiding the platform truck displacement, infrared signal transmitter inlays to establish and erects at subaerial and infrared signal transmitter top and is equipped with protection glass.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, realize the cutter displacement between each furnace body through the platform truck, realize the automatic displacement of platform truck through infrared signal receiver and infrared signal transmitter, thermal treatment course of working is more intelligent flexible, and protection glass effectively protects infrared signal transmitter, equipment long service life, and thermal treatment machining efficiency is high.
The invention is further configured to: the preheating furnace, the high-frequency heating furnace, the gas quenching furnace, the tempering furnace and the buffer chamber are all internally provided with an air pressure sensor and connected with a pressure relief safety valve, and the preheating furnace, the high-frequency heating furnace, the gas quenching furnace, the tempering furnace and the buffer chamber further comprise an early warning device electrically connected with the air pressure sensor and a monitor internally provided with a storage unit.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, acquire atmospheric pressure numerical value through the watch-dog, and then acquire the operating condition of each furnace body and surge chamber. Once the air pressure value is too high or too low, the alarm is given out by the early warning device, so that a user can overhaul in time, and the probability of safety accidents is effectively reduced.
The invention is further configured to: the intelligent door closing device is characterized by further comprising a master controller with a built-in timer, the master controller is electrically connected with the wireless signal transmitter, the closing door is driven to lift by the cylinder, and the master controller is electrically connected with the controller of the cylinder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the control of the closed state of each furnace body is more intelligent, and the flexibility and automation degree of heat treatment processing are higher.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. by balancing the negative pressure protection and the preheating efficiency through fractional preheating, and spacing the cutter and oxygen through negative pressure, the cutter decarburization probability is low, the heat treatment quality is high, and the heat treatment efficiency is not easily influenced by the negative pressure protection;
2. the buffer space between each process of heat treatment processing is provided through the buffer chamber, a vacuum protection environment is manufactured through air exhaust during buffering, the temperature change degree of the cutter is low, the extracted temperature rising air is recycled, the heat energy utilization rate is high, and the heat treatment quality is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the bottom of the cart.
In the figure, 1, a preheating furnace; 11. an air pump; 2. a high-frequency heating furnace; 3. a gas quenching furnace; 31. a first vacuum pump; 32. an inert component; 4. tempering furnace; 5. a buffer chamber; 51. a second vacuum pump; 6. a trolley; 61. an infrared signal receiver; 62. an infrared signal transmitter; 7. a closing door; 8. hot gas collecting box.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the device for high-frequency heat treatment of the cutter disclosed by the invention comprises a preheating furnace 1, a high-frequency heating furnace 2, a gas quenching furnace 3, a tempering furnace 4, a hot gas collecting box 8 and a buffer chamber 5 which are arranged on the ground. Preheating furnace 1, high-frequency heating furnace 2, gas quenching stove 3 and tempering furnace 4 level are to arranging the setting, and all inside cavity and front and bottom surface are all opened, and the front all is provided with vertical lift's closed door 7, and the underrun is sealed through platform truck 6, and inside all is provided with heating element. The trolley 6 can be freely displaced on the ground, and the trolley 6 is commonly used for the preheating furnace 1, the high-frequency heating furnace 2, the gas quenching furnace 3, the tempering furnace 4 and the buffer chamber 5. The number of the buffer chambers 5 is three, and the three buffer chambers 5 are arranged horizontally. Inlay on the ground and be equipped with a row of infrared signal transmitter 62, surge chamber 5 is located one side of this row of infrared signal transmitter 62, preheater 1, high frequency heating furnace 2, gas quenching stove 3 and tempering furnace 4 are located the opposite side of this row of infrared signal transmitter 62, three surge chamber 5 respectively with the clearance between preheater 1 and the high frequency heating furnace 2, clearance between high frequency heating furnace 2 and the gas quenching stove 3 and the clearance between gas quenching stove 3 and the tempering furnace 4 set up relatively, preheater 1, high frequency heating furnace 2, gas quenching stove 3, tempering furnace 4 and surge chamber 5's below all is provided with infrared signal transmitter 62.
Referring to fig. 2, four universal wheels are arranged at the bottom of the trolley 6, and the trolley 6 is driven by a motor to move. An infrared signal receiver 61 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the trolley 6, and the infrared signal receiver 61 is electrically connected with a motor for driving the trolley 6 to move. The trolley 6 is displaced in a stepping manner, and the infrared signal receiver 61 is opposite to the infrared signal transmitter 62. Protective glass which is flush with the ground is erected above the infrared signal transmitters 62, and the protective glass is made of tempered glass with extremely low refractive index. After passing through the protective glass, the infrared signal emitted from the infrared signal emitter 62 is received by the infrared signal receiver 61, and the carriage 6 is displaced under the displacement instruction transmitted by the infrared communication. Still include the cylinder that master controller and drive closed door 7 go up and down, the master controller embeds has wireless communication module and time-recorder, and the steerable wireless signal transmitter of master controller and cylinder work, and then 6 displacements of control platform truck and closed door 7 go up and down.
The user realizes preheating, high-frequency heating, gas quenching and the heat treatment process of tempering one by one through preheater 1, high-frequency heating furnace 2, gas quenching stove 3 and tempering furnace 4, drives the cutter through platform truck 6 and shifts between each furnace body, need not to relapse the clamping cutter, and the heat treatment quality of heat treatment efficiency height and cutter can not be because of the position inaccuracy of relapseing the clamping with expose and be heated inhomogeneous and reduce. The master controller strictly controls the duration of each heat treatment processing procedure, the closed door 7 is automatically lifted, the trolley 6 is automatically displaced, and the heat treatment processing precision is high. When the furnace bodies need to queue into the furnace bodies due to batch production and need to wait at intervals among processes, the cutters can be sent into the buffer chamber 5 to wait in a vacuum protection environment, and the possibility that the heat treatment quality is reduced due to cutter oxidation is effectively reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, the buffer chamber 5 is connected with a second vacuum pump 51, the output end of the second vacuum pump 51 is connected with the hot gas collection box 8, and a control valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline. The preheating furnace 1 is connected with an air pump 11, the output end of the air pump 11 is communicated with the outside, the heating mode of a heating element on the preheating furnace 1 is electric heating, and a fan assembly for manufacturing heat convection is arranged on the preheating furnace 1 at the same time. The gas quenching furnace 3 is connected with a first vacuum pump 31 and an inert assembly 32, and the inert assembly 32 comprises a control valve, an input pump and an inert gas source. The output end of the first vacuum pump 31 is connected with the hot gas collecting box 8 and the preheating furnace 1 at the same time, and a control valve and an output pump are arranged on the connecting pipeline. The preheating furnace 1, the high-frequency heating furnace 2, the gas quenching furnace 3, the tempering furnace 4 and the buffer chamber 5 are all internally provided with an air pressure sensor and connected with a pressure relief safety valve, and the preheating furnace further comprises an early warning device electrically connected with the air pressure sensor and a monitor internally provided with a storage unit.
The user draws the air in the buffer chamber 5 by the second vacuum pump 51 to create a vacuum-protected environment. Air in the gas quenching furnace 3 is pumped out through the first vacuum pump 31 through the second vacuum, inert gas is filled into the gas quenching furnace 3 through the control valve, the input pump and the inert gas source, and when a cutter in the gas quenching furnace 3 needs to be removed, the heated inert gas in the gas quenching furnace 3 is pumped out through the first vacuum pump 31. The air pumped out by the first vacuum pump 31 is conveyed into the hot air collection box 8, and the heated inert gas pumped out by the first vacuum pump 31 is conveyed into the preheating furnace 1. When preheating heating is carried out for the first time in the preheating furnace 1, the heating element, the fan assembly and the heated inert gas from the gas quenching furnace 3 realize the combined action of heat convection, heat radiation and heat conduction, the cutter is uniformly preheated and protected by the inert gas, the utilization rate of the inert gas is high during batch production, and the heat treatment quality is high.
The hot air collecting box 8 can recover the temperature rising air in the buffer chamber 5 and the temperature rising air in the gas quenching furnace 3, and then conveys the temperature rising air to the tempering furnace 4 for heat preservation or heat convection heating, so that the heating energy consumption is low, the environmental protection performance is good, the temperature difference between a hot air source and the temperature of the required heat convection heating is small, and the heat treatment quality is high. The air pressure sensor is used for monitoring the air pressure value in each furnace body and the buffer chamber 5, and a user can obtain the air pressure value through the monitor, so that the working state of each furnace body and the buffer chamber 5 can be obtained. Once the air pressure value is too high or too low, the alarm is given out by the early warning device, so that a user can overhaul in time, and the probability of safety accidents is effectively reduced.
The invention also discloses a high-frequency heat treatment process for the cutter, which is carried out by the equipment and comprises the following steps:
step S1, conveying the cutter into the preheating furnace 1 through the trolley 6, electrically heating the cutter through a heating element, filling heated inert gas and producing heat convection, preheating the cutter for the first time through electric heating and hot air heating in an inert atmosphere, heating at a constant speed to two thirds of the specified preheating temperature, and stopping heating;
step S2, pumping air in the preheating furnace 1 through the air pump 11, stopping pumping air when the air pressure value in the preheating furnace 1 is between 10^5 and 10^2pa, continuing to heat to the specified preheating temperature, then preserving the heat for 20 minutes, sending out the cutter after the heat preservation is finished, thereby completing the second preheating treatment of the cutter, and performing uniform heating for twice the heating time in the step S1;
step S3, the cutter is sent into the high-frequency heating furnace 2, the cutter is heated to the designated temperature at a constant speed through the high-frequency induction principle, then the temperature is maintained for 30 minutes until the heating temperature of the workpiece is stable, and then the cutter is sent out of the high-frequency heating furnace 2, so that the high-frequency induction heating of the cutter is completed;
step S4, a cutter is sent into the gas quenching furnace 3, air in the gas quenching furnace 3 is pumped out through the second vacuum pump 51, so that an ultrahigh vacuum air pressure environment is formed in the gas quenching furnace 3, a certain amount of inert gas is conveyed into the gas quenching furnace 3 in three batches, the gap time of filling the inert gas in the batches is 10 seconds, the gap time enables the inert gas to have diffusion buffer time, the air pressure in the gas quenching furnace 3 is not easy to change suddenly and cause explosion or furnace body damage, the high vacuum and inert atmosphere is formed in the gas quenching furnace 3, the cutter is cooled for three hours, the heated inert gas is pumped out, and the cutter is sent out, so that the vacuum gas quenching cutter is completed;
and step S5, conveying the cutter into the tempering furnace 4, heating to the tempering temperature at a constant speed again, preserving heat, further cooling, conveying the cutter out of the tempering furnace 4, thereby finishing tempering treatment of the cutter, using the gas recovered in the hot gas collection box 8 to produce heat convection during heating and heat preservation, simultaneously realizing the composite heating up or heat preservation effect of hot air heating and electric heating through a heating element, and having high heat energy utilization rate and uniform heating of the cutter during tempering treatment.
In the above steps, the cutter can be sent into the buffer chamber 5, the air in the buffer chamber 5 is pumped out by the second vacuum pump 51, the air cooling speed of the cutter is delayed by vacuum, oxygen and the cutter are isolated, and the possibility that the cutter is oxidized in a waiting gap and influences the heat treatment quality is reduced. In the above steps, the preheating process is performed twice, the oxygen proportion in the preheating furnace 1 is reduced by injecting inert gas in the first time, and the contact between oxygen and the cutter is reduced by passing through a negative pressure environment in the second time, so that the possibility of oxidation of the cutter in a heating environment is reduced. The heat transfer can not be carried out through the heat convection in the negative pressure environment, the influence of the negative pressure environment on the preheating efficiency can be reduced in the process of preheating in multiple times, and the balance of negative pressure protection and heating efficiency is realized.
The cutter is cooled at a constant speed and is spaced by oxygen and the cutter under the combined action of negative pressure and inertia protection during quenching cooling, the inside of the cutter is not easy to crack due to too fast cooling, the outside of the cutter is not easy to oxidize due to long-term high-temperature environment, and the heat treatment quality is high. The inert gas of intensification in the preheating process comes from the gas quenching process for the first time, and the convection current steam of tempering man-hour comes from gas quenching stove 3 and buffer chamber 5, and heat utilization rate when heat treatment cutter in batches is high, and the feature of environmental protection is good.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: preheating the cutter through a preheating furnace 1, uniformly raising the temperature in the preheating furnace 1 to two thirds of the specified preheating temperature through electric heating and hot air heating, stopping heating, pumping air in the preheating furnace 1 through an air pump 11, stopping pumping air when the air pressure value in the preheating furnace 1 is between 10^5 and 10^2pa, starting a second uniform heating process through electric heating, uniformly raising the temperature at a speed which is half of the first temperature raising speed, heating to the specified preheating temperature, preserving the temperature for 20 minutes, and sending the cutter out after the preservation is finished; and then the cutter is heated by high frequency through the high frequency heating furnace 2 to the highest temperature in the heat treatment process, the cutter is sent out after heat preservation is carried out for 30 minutes, and the cutter is sequentially subjected to gas quenching and tempering through the gas quenching furnace 3 and the tempering furnace 4, so that the contact chance between the cutter and oxygen is less during preheating and quenching, the cutter is not easy to oxidize in a high-temperature environment, and the negative pressure protection and the heat treatment efficiency are balanced through fractional preheating, and the heat treatment quality is high.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The high-frequency heat treatment process for the cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, preheating the cutter for the first time, wherein the cutter is preheated for the first time through electric heating and hot air heating;
step S2, preheating the cutter for the second time, wherein the heating environment in the second preheating treatment is negative pressure atmosphere through air extraction operation, and the heating time is twice as long as that in the step S1;
step S3, high-frequency induction heating the cutter;
step S4, performing vacuum gas quenching on the cutter, extracting air in the environment where the cutter is located, filling inert gas, cooling after manufacturing a negative-pressure inert atmosphere, thereby realizing gas quenching, and extracting inert waste gas after completing the gas quenching, wherein the extracted inert waste gas is one of hot air sources heated by hot air in the step S1;
and step S5, tempering the cutter.
2. The high-frequency heat treatment process for the cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the range of the pressure value during the second preheating process is 10^5 to 10^2 pa.
3. A high-frequency heat treatment process for a cutting tool according to claim 2, wherein: in step S4, the inert gas is fed into the environment of the cutter in batches, with a gap time of 10 seconds.
4. An apparatus for high-frequency heat treatment of a cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: including setting up preheating furnace (1), high-frequency heating furnace (2), gas quenching stove (3) and tempering furnace (4) subaerial, still include hot gas collecting box (8), be provided with aspiration pump (11) that are used for bleeding on preheating furnace (1), be provided with on the gas quenching stove (3) and be used for bleeding first vacuum pump (31) and inert component (32) that are used for pouring into inert gas, the output of first vacuum pump (31) links to each other and the junction is provided with control flap with hot gas collecting box (8) and preheating furnace (1) simultaneously, hot gas collecting box (8) embeds there is temperature sensor, the output and the tempering furnace (4) of hot gas collecting box (8) are connected and the junction is provided with control flap and output pump.
5. The apparatus for high-frequency heat treatment of tool according to claim 4, wherein: the cutter temporary storage device is characterized by further comprising a plurality of buffer chambers (5) for temporarily storing cutters, wherein the buffer chambers (5) are connected with the hot air collection box (8), and a second vacuum pump (51) and a control valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline.
6. The apparatus for high-frequency heat treatment of tool according to claim 5, wherein: the front of preheater (1), high-frequency heating furnace (2), gas quenching stove (3), tempering furnace (4) and surge chamber (5) all is provided with vertical lift's closed door (7) and realizes the material displacement through platform truck (6), the specification looks adaptation of preheater (1), high-frequency heating furnace (2), gas quenching stove (3), tempering furnace (4) and surge chamber (5), platform truck (6) are by motor drive displacement, infrared signal receiver (61) and subaerial corresponding infrared signal receiver (61) have set firmly a plurality of infrared signal transmitter (62) that are used for guiding platform truck (6) displacement on platform truck (6) bottom surface, infrared signal transmitter (62) inlay establish subaerial and infrared signal transmitter (62) top erect and have protected glass.
7. The apparatus for high-frequency heat treatment of tool according to claim 6, wherein: the preheating furnace (1), the high-frequency heating furnace (2), the gas quenching furnace (3), the tempering furnace (4) and the buffer chamber (5) are all internally provided with an air pressure sensor and connected with a pressure relief safety valve, and the preheating furnace further comprises an early warning device electrically connected with the air pressure sensor and a monitor internally provided with a storage unit.
8. The apparatus for high-frequency heat treatment of tool according to claim 7, wherein: the intelligent control system is characterized by further comprising a master controller with a built-in timer, wherein the master controller is electrically connected with the wireless signal transmitter, the closing door (7) is driven to lift by the cylinder, and the master controller is electrically connected with the controller of the cylinder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010394497.5A CN111349761B (en) | 2020-05-11 | 2020-05-11 | High-frequency heat treatment process for cutter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010394497.5A CN111349761B (en) | 2020-05-11 | 2020-05-11 | High-frequency heat treatment process for cutter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111349761A CN111349761A (en) | 2020-06-30 |
| CN111349761B true CN111349761B (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
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