CN111337375A - A remote monitoring system for ice coating on transmission lines - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission line icing remote monitoring system, which comprises an icing automatic monitoring terminal and a control terminal; the icing automatic monitoring terminal is installed on a transmission line tower, and is connected and communicated with the control terminal through a wireless network; The ice coating automatic monitoring terminal includes a temperature acquisition transmitter, a humidity acquisition transmitter, a weighing data acquisition device, a signal filter amplifier, a power management unit, a battery, a photovoltaic panel and an RTU remote terminal control unit. The invention has a reasonable conception, is safe and reliable in use, can automatically calculate and monitor in real time, is free from external interference and is easy to operate, and can provide data support for the ice-covered transmission line at the first time, ensure the safe and reliable power supply of the transmission line, and reduce the operation risk of the power grid.

Description

A remote monitoring system for ice coating on transmission lines

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission line monitoring, and in particular relates to a real-time system for monitoring ice coating of power transmission lines.

Background technique

Ice and snow cover on transmission lines will lead to a sharp decline in their mechanical and electrical performance, causing major power accidents such as conductor galloping, tower tilting or even collapse, disconnection, and flashover of insulator strings, which seriously affects the safe operation of the power system. For a long time, long-term observation and research on transmission line icing have been carried out at home and abroad, and many achievements have been made in icing theory, ice flash mechanism, and related technologies of transmission line icing monitoring and research. At present, the main methods of detecting line icing include manual inspection and monitoring, ice observation stations, etc. These methods have problems such as high labor intensity, high investment, long time, and poor accuracy of monitoring results.

For a long time, the reliable and stable monitoring of the icing of transmission lines has been a major bottleneck for line operation and maintenance. Therefore, the development of a remote monitoring system for transmission line icing, especially the improvement of existing monitoring devices, is the key to solving the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems existing in the above background technology, the present invention proposes a method with reasonable conception, safe and reliable use, real-time automatic calculation and monitoring, free from external interference, convenient operation, and can provide data support for the ice-covered transmission line at the first time. A remote monitoring system for transmission line icing that ensures safe and reliable power supply of transmission lines and reduces the risk of power grid operation.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The above-mentioned transmission line icing remote monitoring system includes an icing automatic monitoring terminal and a control terminal; the icing automatic monitoring terminal is installed on a transmission line tower, and is connected and communicated with the control terminal through a wireless network; the icing automatic monitoring terminal is The automatic monitoring terminal includes a temperature acquisition transmitter, a humidity acquisition transmitter, a weighing data acquisition device, a signal filter amplifier, a power management unit, a battery, a photovoltaic panel and an RTU remote terminal control unit; the temperature acquisition transmitter and the humidity One end of the acquisition transmitter is electrically connected to the power management unit, and the other end is electrically connected to the RTU remote terminal control unit; one end of the weighing data acquisition device is electrically connected to the power management unit, and the other end is electrically connected to the power management unit. Signal filter amplifier; one end of the signal filter amplifier is electrically connected to the power management unit, and the other end is electrically connected to the RTU remote terminal control unit; the power management unit is used to realize the charging between the photovoltaic panel and the battery Discharge control; one end of the power management unit is connected to the 220V commercial power through the commercial power interface, and the other end is connected to the battery and the photovoltaic panel respectively; one end of the RTU remote terminal control unit is connected to the power management unit, and the other end is connected through a wireless network. the control terminal.

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system, wherein: the RTU remote terminal control unit separately collects the weighing current signal of the weighing data acquisition device, the temperature current signal of the temperature acquisition transmitter, and the humidity acquisition The humidity current signal of the transmitter is then transmitted to the remote computer expert software system through the wireless network.

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system, wherein: the RTU remote terminal control unit has a switch quantity acquisition channel, an analog quantity acquisition channel and a parallel interface; the switch quantity acquisition channel and the analog quantity acquisition channel all pass through the parallel interface Connect and communicate with the control terminal; the switch value acquisition channel is used to collect the current output switch state controlled by the power management unit; the analog quantity acquisition channel is used to collect weighing data, temperature data, humidity data and weather data data.

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system, wherein: the analog quantity acquisition channel has a multi-way switch, a current/voltage transformer, a power transmitter, a sample holder, an A/D converter and a scalar calculator; the One end of the multi-way switch is connected to the current/voltage transformer, and the other end is connected to one end of the power transmitter; the other end of the power transmitter is connected to one end of the sample holder, and the other end of the sample holder is connected to the One end of the A/D converter, the other end of the A/D converter is connected to one end of the scalar calculator, the other end of the scalar calculator is connected to the parallel interface and the control terminal is connected through the parallel interface.

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system, wherein: the switch value acquisition channel has switches K1 to K8, a signal converter and a photoelectric isolator; one end of the switches K1 to K8 is connected to a 12V DC power supply, and the other end is connected to the signal One end of the converter; the other end of the signal converter is connected to one end of the optoelectronic isolator, and the other end of the optoelectronic isolator is connected to the parallel interface and is connected to the control terminal through the parallel interface.

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system, wherein: the control terminal includes a CPU, a serial interface, a 4GModbus module, a Modbus register, a read-only memory, a random access memory (RAM), an interrupt control module and a timing technology module; the control The terminal is also equipped with a 4G Modem, which transmits the data of the switching quantity acquisition channel and the analog quantity acquisition channel to a remote computer expert software system through the 4G Modem.

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system, wherein: the weighing data acquisition device includes a casing, an elastic body arranged inside the casing, a resistance strain gauge connected to the elastic body, and a resistance strain gauge connected to the resistance strain gauge The detection circuit; the elastic body, the resistance strain gauge and the detection circuit are assembled into a whole matched and installed inside the casing.

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system, wherein: the signal filter amplifier is to amplify and filter the electrical signal transmitted by the weighing data acquisition device in equal proportion and convert it into a standard current signal of 4-20mA; the signal filter The amplifier is a diode basic amplifier circuit and is used to amplify the output voltage mV level signal to the range of 0-5V.

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system, wherein: the temperature acquisition transmitter and the humidity acquisition transmitter are both four-wire current type transmitters; the temperature acquisition transmitter and the humidity acquisition transmitter are both The model used is the JWSKE-6 series enhanced temperature and humidity transmitter.

Beneficial effects:

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of the invention is based on the dynamic data weighing method, and the structure design is reasonable. By installing the icing automatic monitoring terminal on the iron tower in the easy icing area, the on-site data is transmitted to the monitoring terminal through the wireless communication network, which can be used at any time. It can grasp the icing situation of the line, and can realize pre-warning and alarm, so as to collect icing data in real time, and take measures to grasp the icing situation, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the loss of power grid icing accidents.

The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of the present invention also has the following advantages:

(1) Dual power supply and mains priority intelligent switching

The system has dual power supply. When there is no external mains, the power management unit stores the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panels in the battery and transmits the power to the front-end electrical equipment according to the battery power status; when there is mains input on site, the power management unit Automatically cut off the output of battery power and switch to the mains supply to supply the front-end electrical equipment. This design prolongs the service life of the battery and adapts to various on-site installation conditions of the tower.

(2) Weighing acquisition and multi-sensor fusion

The digital quantification of the load is realized through the elastic element, resistance strain gauge and measuring circuit in the weighing data acquisition device on site, and the linear resistance signal is converted into a 4-20mA standard analog signal through the signal filter amplifier.

(3) System Architecture Model

The system adopts a distributed architecture, and the front end can be installed with an automatic monitoring terminal for icing. Through the network signal and cloud computing expert software, real-time data acquisition, cloud storage and multiple client monitoring and management functions are realized, so that the team and relevant responsible persons can immediately Mastering the icing status of the line provides the necessary technical support for the construction of a strong and smart grid.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the remote monitoring system for ice coating on transmission lines according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the remote monitoring system for ice coating on transmission lines according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the remote monitoring system for ice coating on transmission lines according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the weighing data acquisition device of the transmission line icing remote monitoring system of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the weighing acquisition device of the ice coating automatic monitoring terminal of the transmission line ice coating remote monitoring system of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the power management unit of the ice-covered automatic monitoring terminal of the transmission line ice-covered remote monitoring system of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a photoelectric isolation circuit diagram of the analog quantity acquisition channel of the RTU remote terminal control unit of the transmission line icing remote monitoring system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the remote monitoring system for ice coating on a transmission line of the present invention includes an automatic monitoring terminal 1 for ice coating and a control terminal 2 .

The ice-covering automatic monitoring terminal 1 is installed on the transmission line tower, and is connected and communicated with the control terminal 2 through a wireless network.

The control terminal 2 includes a CPU, a serial interface, a 4G Modbus module, a Modbus register, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an interrupt control module and a timing technology module.

The icing automatic monitoring terminal 1 includes a temperature acquisition transmitter 11, a humidity acquisition transmitter 12, a weighing data acquisition device 13, a signal filter amplifier 14, a power management unit 15, a battery 16, a photovoltaic panel 17 and an RTU remote terminal control unit 18.

One end of the temperature acquisition transmitter 11 and the humidity acquisition transmitter 12 are both electrically connected to the power management unit 5 , and the other ends are both electrically connected to the RTU remote terminal control unit 18 . The temperature acquisition transmitter 11 and the humidity acquisition transmitter 12 are both four-wire (4-20mA) current-type transmitters; the temperature acquisition transmitter 11 and the humidity acquisition transmitter 12 adopt the model JWSKE -6 series enhanced temperature and humidity transmitter (temperature and humidity sensor).

As shown in FIG. 4 , one end of the weighing data acquisition device 13 is electrically connected to the power management unit 15 , and the other end is electrically connected to the signal filter amplifier 14 . The weighing data acquisition device 13 includes a housing 130, an elastic body 131 disposed inside the housing 130, a resistance strain gauge 132 connected to the elastic body 131, and a detection circuit 133 connected to the resistance strain gauge 132; the elastic body 131, The resistance strain gauge 132 and the detection circuit 133 form a whole; when the wire is covered with ice, the load of the wire increases, the elastic body 131 is deformed by force, the resistance strain gauge 132 is attached to the elastic body 131, and the resistance of the upper part of the resistance strain gauge 132 is increased. The strain gauge 132 deforms accordingly and causes the resistance to change; the detection circuit 133 detects the resistance change of the resistance strain gauge 132 and converts it into an electrical signal proportional to the magnitude of the external force, which is output to the signal filter amplifier 14 ; specifically, the weighing data acquisition device 13 A tiny voltage mV level signal is output, and the tiny voltage mV level signal is amplified to a range of 0-5V through the signal filter amplifier 14 .

The resistance strain gauge 132 is a piece of strain gauge by mechanically distributing a resistance wire on a substrate made of an organic material. The elastic body 131 has two functions. First, the elastic body 131 bears the external force and generates a reaction force to the external force to achieve relative static equilibrium. Second, the elastic body 131 needs to generate a high-quality strain field (region), The resistance strain gauge 132 pasted in this area is ideal to complete the task of converting electrical strain signals. The detection circuit 133 is used to convert the resistance change of the resistance strain gauge 132 into a small voltage output. For example, the sensitivity of the detection circuit 133 is 2±0.002 (mv/v). Under certain power supply conditions, Uin (such as 12VDC), the load The ratio of the output change Uout (such as 24mV) to the supply voltage when the rated full scale (such as 5000kg) is reached.

The working principle of the weighing data acquisition device 13 is as follows: the elastic body 131 (elastic element, sensitive beam) is elastically deformed under the action of external force, so that the resistance strain gauge 132 (conversion element) pasted on its surface is also deformed. After the strain gauge 132 is deformed, the resistance value will change (increase or decrease), and then the resistance change will be converted into an electrical signal (voltage or current) by the corresponding detection circuit 133, thereby completing the process of converting the external force into an electrical signal. During the process, the detection circuit 133 measures the change of the resistance strain gauge 132 and converts it into an electrical signal proportional to the external force. Body deformation -> resistance change -> voltage change.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the detection circuit 133 of the weighing data acquisition device 13 is composed of a chip U1, a chip U2, a chip U5, capacitors C1-C11, an inductor L1, diodes D1-D2, resistors R1-R22, operational amplifiers U3A and U3B , Photocouplers U4 and U6, terminals P1 ~ P5. Among them, the capacitors C1-C3 and C5 are all polar capacitors, the resistors R7, R11, R16 and R20 are all adjustable resistors; the diode D2 is a zener diode. The capacitor C1 uses a C470uF/50V capacitor, the capacitor C2 uses a C470uF/25V capacitor, the capacitor C3 uses a 100uF/25V capacitor, and the capacitor C5 uses a 68uF/16V capacitor; the capacitors C4, C6, C7, C9, C10, C11 The capacitance values are all 0.1uF, and the capacitance value of the capacitor C8 is 1uF. The resistance values of the resistors R1 and R14 are all 3KΩ, the resistance values of the resistors R2 and R15 are all 20KΩ, the resistance values of the resistors R3, R17, R21 and R22 are all 2KΩ, the resistance values of the resistors R4, R5, R8, R10, The resistance values of R12 are all 1KΩ, the resistance values of the resistors R6, R13, R18 are all 100KΩ, the resistance value of the resistor R7 is 5KΩ, the resistance values of the resistors R9 and R19 are all 10KΩ, the resistance values of the resistors R11, R16, R20 The resistance value of the resistor R15 is 50KΩ, and the resistance value of the resistor R15 is 3KΩ. The inductance value of the inductor L1 is 47uH.

As shown in Figure 5, the model of the chip U1 is L7815ABD2T, the pin IN of the chip U1 is connected to the +24V power supply, the pin GND of the chip U1 is grounded, and the pin OUT of the chip U1 is connected to the +15V power supply; the capacitor C1 The anode of the capacitor C2 is connected to the +24V power supply, and the cathode is connected to the ground GND; the anode of the capacitor C2 is connected to the +15V power supply, and the cathode is connected to the ground GND; the anode of the capacitor C3 is connected to the +15V power supply, and the cathode is connected to the ground GND; one end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the +15V power supply, and the other end is connected to the +15V power supply. Ground GND.

As shown in Figure 5, the model of the chip U2 is MAX764, the pin OUT of the chip U2 is connected to the -5V power supply, the pin FB and the pin REF of the chip U2 are connected to the capacitor C6 and grounded through the capacitor C6. The pin SHDN and pin GND are both grounded, the pin V+ of the chip U2 is connected to the +15V power supply, and the pin LX of the chip U2 is connected to the cathode end of the diode D1; the model of the diode D1 is N5817, and its anode end is connected to -5V Power supply; the type of the inductor L1 is 47uH, one end of which is connected to the cathode end of the diode D1, and the other end is grounded; the anode of the polar capacitor C5 is grounded, and the cathode is connected to the -5V power supply.

As shown in Figure 5, one end of the capacitor C7 is connected to the +15V power supply, and the other end is grounded to GND; one end of the capacitor C8 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the No. 1 pin of the terminal P2; the diode D2 is a model of IN4740, and its anode end is grounded. The cathode end is connected to the No. 1 pin of the terminal P2.

As shown in Figure 5, the model of the chip U5 is OPA2227, the pin +VCC of the chip U5 is connected to the +15V power supply, the pin -VCC of the chip U5 is connected to the -5V power supply; one end of the resistor R4 is connected to the 1 of the terminal P2. No. 1 pin, the other end is connected to the pin OUT1 of the chip U5; one end of the resistor R8 is connected to the pin +IN1 of the chip U5, and the other end is connected to the No. 1 pin of the terminal P3; one end of the resistor R12 is connected to the pin + IN1 of the chip U5 IN2, the other end is connected to the No. 2 pin of the terminal P3; one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the slider of the resistor R7, and the other end is connected to the resistors R10 and R13 in series and then grounded; one end of the coil of the resistor R7 and the slider are connected to the resistor R6 is connected to the pin OUT1 of the chip U5 through the resistor R6, and the other end of the coil of the resistor R7 is connected between the resistor R10 and the resistor R13; one end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the No. 1 pin of the terminal P3, and the other end is grounded; the One end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the signal terminal S- of the load cell, and the other end is grounded; one end of the resistor R18 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the slider of the resistor R16; one end of the coil of the resistor R16 is connected to the No. 1 pin of the terminal P3, and the other end of the coil Connect to pin 2 of terminal P3.

As shown in Figure 5, the No. 1 pin of the terminal P1 is connected to the +24V power supply, and the No. 2 pin is grounded; the No. 2 pin of the terminal P2 is connected to the -5V power supply; the No. 1 pin of the terminal P4 is connected to +15V power supply, pin 2 is grounded.

As shown in Figure 5, one end of the capacitor C11 is connected to the +15V power supply, and the other end is grounded. The model of the operational amplifier U3A is LM358M, the positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the +15V power supply, and the negative terminal of the power supply is grounded; the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U3A is connected to the resistor R2 and connected to the No. 1 pin of the terminal P2 through the resistor R2. The inverting input terminal of the amplifier U3A is connected to the slider of the resistor R11; one end of the coil of the resistor R11 is grounded, the other end of the coil is connected to the resistor R9 and is connected to the +15V power supply through the resistor R9; the output terminal of the operational amplifier U3A is connected to the resistor R3 and through the resistor R9 R3 is connected to the anode end of the photocoupler U4; the cathode end and the emitter of the photocoupler U4 are grounded, and the collector of the photocoupler U4 is connected to the No. 1 pin of the terminal P5; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the terminal P5 No. 1 pin, the other end is connected to the +24V power supply; one end of the resistor R21 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the anode end of the photocoupler U4.

As shown in Figure 5, the model of the operational amplifier U3B is LM358M, its positive terminal is connected to the +15V power supply, the negative terminal is grounded, the non-inverting input terminal is connected to the resistor R15 and connected to the No. 1 pin of the terminal P2 through the resistor R15; the operational amplifier The inverting input terminal of U3B is connected to the slider of the resistor R20, one end of the coil of the resistor R20 is connected to the resistor R19 and is connected to the +15V power supply through the resistor R19, and the other end of the coil of the resistor R20 is grounded; the output terminal of the operational amplifier U3B is connected to the resistor R17 And connect the anode end of the optocoupler U4 through the resistor R17; the cathode end and the emitter of the optocoupler U4 are grounded, the collector of the optocoupler U4 is connected to the No. 2 pin of the terminal P5; one end of the resistor R22 is connected to the optoelectronic The anode end of the coupler U4 and the other end are grounded; one end of the resistor R14 is connected to the No. 2 pin of the terminal P5, and the other end is connected to the +24V power supply.

As shown in Figure 5, Vout in the detection circuit 133 is a signal filter amplifier that filters the mv-level signal and then amplifies the output. After amplification, the analog output is 0-10V, and the output voltage can also be adjusted; S+, S- are weighing data acquisition devices 13 signal; OUT1, OUT2 are switch output, can do overweight alarm, adjustable.

One end of the signal filter amplifier 14 is electrically connected to the power management unit 15, and the other end is electrically connected to the RTU remote terminal control unit 18; wherein, the signal filter amplifier 14 is to amplify and filter the electrical signal transmitted by the weighing data acquisition device 13 in equal proportions and then convert it It is a standard current signal of 4-20mA; the signal filter amplifier 14 is a diode basic amplifier circuit, which mainly outputs a micro-voltage mV-level signal, which is amplified by the signal filter amplifier 14 to the range of 0-5V.

The power management unit 15 mainly realizes the charge and discharge control of the photovoltaic panel 17 and the battery 16, and adopts market-shaped products; one end of the power management unit 15 is connected to the 220V commercial power through the mains interface, and the other end is connected to the battery 16 and the photovoltaic panel 17 respectively. As shown in FIG. 6 , the power management unit 15 is composed of a solar battery pack, switching devices T1 and T2, a detection control circuit, a battery, a resistor BX, diodes D1 and D2; the circuit of the power management unit 1 adopts the existing circuit, For example, solar street lights, solar monitoring devices, etc. all use this circuit, and its function is to convert light energy into electrical energy and control the switch of the load at the same time.

One end of the switching device T1 is connected to the negative pole of the solar battery pack, and the other end is connected to one end of the switching device T2; the other end of the switching device T2 is connected to one end of the load; the anode end of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the solar battery pack, and the cathode of the diode D1 The terminal is connected to the other end of the load; one end of the detection control circuit is connected between the switching devices T1 and T2, and the other end is connected to the cathode end of the diode D1; the output end of the detection control circuit is also connected to the switching devices T1 and T2 respectively; one end of the battery is connected to The resistor BX is connected between the switching devices T1 and T2 through the resistor BX, and the other end of the battery is connected to the cathode end of the diode D1; the anode end of the diode D2 is connected to the cathode end of the diode D1, and the cathode end of the diode D2 is connected to the switching device. between T1 and T2.

One end of the RTU remote terminal control unit 18 is connected to the power management unit 5, and the other end is connected to the control terminal 2 through a wireless network (GPRS/3G/4G). The RTU remote terminal control unit 18 collects the weighing current signal of the weighing data acquisition device 13, the temperature current signal of the temperature acquisition transmitter 11, and the humidity current signal of the humidity acquisition transmitter 12, respectively, and then through the wireless network (GPRS /3G/4G) to the remote computer expert software system.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the RTU remote terminal control unit 18 has a switch quantity acquisition channel, an analog quantity acquisition channel and a parallel interface. The control terminal 2 is also equipped with a 4G Modem, which transmits the data of the switch quantity acquisition channels DI1-DI8 and the analog quantity acquisition channels AI1-AI8 to the remote computer expert software system through the 4G Modem.

Both the digital acquisition channel and the analog acquisition channel are connected and communicated with the control terminal 2 through the parallel interface; Among them, the switch quantity acquisition channel has switches K1~K8, signal converters and optoelectronic isolators; one end of the switches K1~K8 is connected to the 12V DC power supply, and the other end is connected to one end of the signal converter; the other end of the signal converter is connected to the optoelectronic isolator At one end, the other end of the optoelectronic isolator is connected to the parallel interface and is connected to the control terminal 2 through the parallel interface.

The switching quantities of the switches K1~K8 are signals that change discretely with time, generally have two states of "on" and "off", which are represented by 1-bit binary data, and one byte represents 8 switching quantities; namely: multi-channel current Output (weighing collection, temperature collection, humidity collection, subsequent meteorological data collection that can be extended to the scene, etc.) the position status of the circuit breaker, and system alarm signals, etc.

The optoelectronic isolator is used to realize the electrical isolation between the control terminal 2 and the external circuit, and eliminate the interference of the switching signal itself and the interference of the transmission of the signal along the way. As shown in Figure 7, the opto-isolator consists of a photodiode (LED) and a pair of phototransistors (optical coupler); the model of the photodiode (LED) is GORDOS, and the model of the paired phototransistor (optical coupler) is IDC5 ; The photodiode is connected to one side of the signal source, and the paired phototransistors act as switches. When the photodiode is turned on, the switch is closed to achieve electrical isolation between the two sides.

The switch value acquisition of the switches K1 to K8 is implemented as follows: when the switch values of the switches K1 to K8 change, the parallel interface sends an interrupt request to the CPU of the control terminal 2; if the CPU of the control terminal 2 is in the interrupt enabled state, the After processing the current command cycle, it will turn to the interrupt processing process; the CPU of the control terminal 2 performs a scan query on the parallel interface in Figure 3; the scan query not only collects the current switch state, but also records the switch serial number, displacement time, state after displacement, etc.

The analog quantity acquisition channel is used to collect the weighing data of the weighing data acquisition device 13, the temperature data of the temperature acquisition transmitter 11, the humidity data of the humidity acquisition transmitter 12, and the meteorological data (the analog quantity acquisition in FIG. 3). The channel can be connected to other sensor data, namely: AI 1-AI8 can access 8 independent data channels; for example: weighing 1 channel, temperature 1 channel, humidity 1 channel, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure, rainfall, etc.) . Among them, the analog quantity collected by the analog quantity acquisition channel is a signal that changes continuously in time and amplitude, such as voltage, current, active/reactive power of the transformer, system frequency, etc. The implementation of the analog acquisition channel is to independently collect 8 channels of analog data, namely: the first channel AI_1 is for ice-covered weighing data acquisition; the second channel AI_2 is for temperature data acquisition; the third channel AI_3 is for humidity data acquisition; Four channels AI_4, wind speed data acquisition (subsequent expansion channel); fifth channel AI_5, wind direction data acquisition (subsequent expansion channel); sixth channel AI_6, air pressure data acquisition (subsequent expansion channel); seventh channel AI_7, rainfall data acquisition ( Subsequent expansion channel); the eighth channel AI_8, photovoltaic battery power data acquisition (subsequent expansion channel).

As shown in Figure 3, the analog quantity acquisition channel has multiplexers, current/voltage transformers, power transmitters, sample holders, A/D converters and scalar calculators. One end of the multi-way switch is connected to the current/voltage transformer, and the other end is connected to one end of the power transmitter; the other end of the power transmitter is connected to one end of the sample holder, the other end of the sample holder is connected to one end of the A/D converter, and the A/D converter is connected to the A/D converter. The other end of the /D converter is connected to one end of the scalar calculator, and the other end of the scalar calculator is connected to the parallel interface and is connected to the control terminal 2 through the parallel interface.

The multi-way switch converts the measured electricity into a certain standard low voltage/a certain amount of standard small current through the current/voltage transformer (CT/PT), and then converts it into a DC signal through the electricity transmitter, and then sends it in turn. Input the sample holder and A/D converter, the scalar calculator reads out the converted digital quantity from the A/D converter, and calculates the measured electricity value through scale conversion.

The multiplexer is used to time-division access multiple analog signals one by one, so that they can be sent to the A/D converter for conversion after sampling.

The function of the sample-and-hold device is: when an analog quantity performs A/D conversion, since the A/D conversion process takes a period of time, it must be ensured that the measured parameter values remain unchanged during this process, otherwise the conversion accuracy will be affected. maintain a constant output.

The function of the AD converter is: after the analog quantity passes through the multiplexer and the sample-and-hold, it must be converted into a digital quantity before it can be sent to the control terminal 2; during A/D conversion, it must be integer quantized with a quantization unit. The digital quantity corresponding to the analog quantity is obtained; after being encoded, it becomes the information that can be accepted by the control terminal 2; in addition, the signal should be normalized to uniformly change to a level voltage of 0~5V, and these uniform level signals pass through The A/D converter converts it into a digital quantity and sends it to the control terminal 2. After a series of data preprocessing, it is finally sent to the Modbus register of the control terminal 2.

Among them, the analog signals entering the A/D converter are all uniform level signals, such as the weighing data acquisition device 13 with a range of 0-5000KG, and the output is 5V after passing through the signal filter amplifier 14; the temperature range is 0-100 degrees Acquisition transmitter 11, the output of temperature acquisition transmitter 11 is also 5V after the voltage transformer of the analog acquisition channel, and the two obtain the same digital quantity after A/D conversion, but the meaning is different.

The remote transmission implementation mode of the control terminal 2 of the transmission line icing remote monitoring system of the present invention is as follows:

The remote computer expert software system obtains the information in the RTU remote terminal control unit 18 in a timing period (such as 5-second query and read once/15-second query and read once) through the instruction query method, via the 4G Modem module and the serial interface of the control terminal 2. Modbus data coil register data.

For example: query the first analog quantity AI_1, collect ice-covered weighing data; the remote computer expert software system sends the instruction code to the device every 10 seconds: FE 04 00 00 00 01 25 C5,

The simulation returns information:

After receiving the query code, the ice-covering automatic monitoring terminal 1 immediately returns the code FE 04 02 00 00 AD 24 to the remote computer expert software system through the 4G Modem and serial data interface

The working mode of the transmission line icing remote monitoring system of the present invention is as follows:

In the ice coating automatic monitoring terminal 1, when there is no external mains power, the power management unit 15 is responsible for storing the power generated by the photovoltaic panels 17 in the battery 16 and delivering the power to the front-end electrical equipment according to the power status of the battery 16; When there is commercial power input, the power management unit 15 automatically cuts off the power output of the battery 16 and switches to the power supply equipment at the front end of the commercial power supply; the data cloud computing server and analysis software application system carried on the control terminal 2 Carry out mechanical analysis and use the equivalent ice thickness calculation model to calculate the equivalent ice thickness. Managers can use mobile phones or computer client software to connect to the cloud server in real time for information viewing and management.

The monitoring method of the transmission line icing remote monitoring system of the present invention is as follows:

(1) Monitoring of wire equivalent ice thickness

Using the force data of the insulator, a mathematical model of the wire's own weight, the vertical load of the insulator and the equivalent ice thickness of the wire is established in a vertical pitch unit, and the change of the equivalent ice thickness of the wire within a vertical pitch is monitored online;

(2) Meteorological data monitoring

Online monitoring of temperature, humidity and other data around the measuring point, and if necessary, functions such as rainfall and sunshine monitoring can be added;

(3) Tower load monitoring

Using the inclination data along two vertical directions (coordinates), a three-dimensional mechanical analytical model of the force on the tower can be established to realize the monitoring of the vertical load and unbalanced tension of the tower;

(4) Automatic early warning and alarm function

According to line design standards or user requirements, pre-alarm and pre-alarm values can be set. Pre-alarm and pre-alarm information can be displayed on the client side. The remote computer expert software system will also automatically increase the frequency of data collection based on pre-alarm information to achieve real-time tracking;

(5) Prediction of ice growth

Through on-site signal acquisition, it can be extended to take wire radius, air temperature, wind speed, precipitation rate, wind direction and icing time as input, and analyze and calculate the icing model of icicle growth.

The present invention has five characteristics of compact structure, safety and reliability, real-time automatic calculation and monitoring, no external interference, convenient control, etc., and can provide data support for the ice-covered transmission line at the first time; ensure the safe and reliable power supply of the transmission line, reduce The risk of power grid operation; the invention is applied to the collection work under the severe weather conditions of the transmission line, which can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the staff, without the need for personnel to arrive at the scene to observe the ice, and improve the work efficiency and quality.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to this. Below, some simple deductions or substitutions can also be made, all of which should be regarded as belonging to the claims submitted by the new model to determine the scope of patent protection.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a transmission line icing remote monitoring system which characterized in that: the monitoring system comprises an ice coating automatic monitoring terminal and a control terminal;

the ice coating automatic monitoring terminal is arranged on a power transmission line tower and is connected and communicated with the control terminal through a wireless network;

the automatic icing monitoring terminal comprises a temperature acquisition transmitter, a humidity acquisition transmitter, a weighing data acquisition device, a signal filtering amplifier, an electric quantity management unit, a storage battery, a photovoltaic panel and an RTU remote terminal control unit; one end of each of the temperature acquisition transmitter and the humidity acquisition transmitter is electrically connected with the electric quantity management unit, and the other end of each of the temperature acquisition transmitter and the humidity acquisition transmitter is electrically connected with the RTU remote terminal control unit; one end of the weighing data acquisition device is electrically connected with the electric quantity management unit, and the other end of the weighing data acquisition device is electrically connected with the signal filter amplifier; one end of the signal filter amplifier is electrically connected with the electric quantity management unit, and the other end of the signal filter amplifier is electrically connected with the RTU remote terminal control unit; the electric quantity management unit is used for realizing charge and discharge control between the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery; one end of the electric quantity management unit is connected with 220V mains supply through a mains supply interface, and the other end of the electric quantity management unit is respectively connected with the storage battery and the photovoltaic panel; one end of the RTU remote terminal control unit is connected with the power management unit, and the other end of the RTU remote terminal control unit is connected with the control terminal through a wireless network.

2. The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the RTU remote terminal control unit respectively collects a weighing current signal of the weighing data acquisition device, a temperature current signal of the temperature acquisition transmitter and a humidity current signal of the humidity acquisition transmitter, and then transmits the signals to the remote computer expert software system through a wireless network.

3. The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the RTU remote terminal control unit is provided with a switching value acquisition channel, an analog value acquisition channel and a parallel interface; the switching value acquisition channel and the analog value acquisition channel are connected and communicated with the control terminal through the parallel interface; the switching value acquisition channel is used for acquiring the current output switching state controlled by the electric quantity management unit; the analog quantity acquisition channel is used for acquiring central weighing data, temperature data, humidity data and meteorological data.

4. The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the analog quantity acquisition channel is provided with a multi-way switch, a current/voltage transformer, an electric quantity transmitter, a sampling retainer, an A/D converter and a scalar calculator; one end of the multi-way switch is connected with the current/voltage transformer, and the other end of the multi-way switch is connected with one end of the electric quantity transmitter; the other end of the electric quantity transmitter is connected with one end of the sampling holder, the other end of the sampling holder is connected with one end of the A/D converter, the other end of the A/D converter is connected with one end of the scalar calculator, and the other end of the scalar calculator is connected with the parallel interface and is connected with the control terminal through the parallel interface.

5. The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the switching value acquisition channel is provided with switches K1-K8, a signal converter and a photoelectric isolator; one end of each of the switches K1-K8 is connected with a 12V direct-current power supply, and the other end of each of the switches K1-K8 is connected with one end of the signal converter; the other end of the signal converter is connected with one end of the photoelectric isolator, and the other end of the photoelectric isolator is connected with the parallel interface and is connected with the control terminal through the parallel interface.

6. The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the control terminal comprises a CPU, a serial interface, a 4G Modbus module, a Modbus register, a read-only memory, a Random Access Memory (RAM), an interrupt control module and a timing technology module; the control terminal is also provided with a 4G Modem, and the data of the switching value acquisition channel and the data of the analog value acquisition channel are transmitted to a remote computer expert software system through the 4G Modem.

7. The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the weighing data acquisition device comprises a shell, an elastic body arranged in the shell, a resistance strain gauge connected with the elastic body and a detection circuit connected with the resistance strain gauge; the elastic body, the resistance strain gauge and the detection circuit are assembled into a whole to be installed inside the shell in a matched mode.

8. The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the signal filter amplifier amplifies and filters the electric signal transmitted by the weighing data acquisition device in equal proportion and converts the electric signal into a standard current signal of 4-20 mA; the signal filter amplifier is a diode basic amplifying circuit and is used for amplifying the output voltage mV level signal to be in the range of 0-5V.

9. The transmission line icing remote monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature acquisition transmitter and the humidity acquisition transmitter are both four-wire current type transmitters; the temperature acquisition transmitter and the humidity acquisition transmitter are both JWSKE-6 series enhanced temperature and humidity transmitters.

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