CN111335926A - Tunnel waterproof layer, template trolley and construction method - Google Patents
Tunnel waterproof layer, template trolley and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111335926A CN111335926A CN202010267529.5A CN202010267529A CN111335926A CN 111335926 A CN111335926 A CN 111335926A CN 202010267529 A CN202010267529 A CN 202010267529A CN 111335926 A CN111335926 A CN 111335926A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 124
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 124
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/381—Setting apparatus or devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/40—Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel waterproof layer, a formwork trolley and a construction method. By applying the tunnel waterproof layer, the template trolley and the construction method, the waterproof performance of the tunnel structure can be greatly improved, the pouring quality of the secondary lining can be greatly improved, the construction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the construction cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel waterproofing, in particular to a tunnel waterproofing layer, a formwork trolley and a construction method.
Background
The tunnel structure is located underground, and is inevitably influenced by underground water, and when the tunnel and underground engineering are built, the problem of underground water is a key problem which puzzles design and construction for a long time. In recent years, with the development of traffic industry, China builds a large number of mountain tunnels and urban underground tunnels, but due to waterproof materials, construction methods, construction processes and other reasons, a large amount of water leaks from a tunnel structure after operation, and the durability and the operation safety of the tunnel structure are seriously influenced.
As shown in fig. 1, the waterproof method adopted by almost most railway and highway tunnels at home and abroad at present is to arrange a waterproof layer between the primary support and the secondary lining, wherein the waterproof layer is formed by adopting an EVA waterproof board and geotextile.
The construction method of the waterproof layer generally comprises the steps of laying geotextile after primary support concrete spraying is finished, arranging hot-melt gaskets on the surface of the geotextile, and fixing the hot-melt gaskets and the geotextile on the surface of the sprayed concrete together by adopting shooting nails; the waterproof board is laid to the other side wall from the bottom of the side wall through the vault by a winch in a drum-shaped manner by adopting a waterproof board operation trolley, and the waterproof board is fixed on the hot-melt gasket in the laying process. The width of one waterproof plate constructed by adopting the method is generally only within 3m and is convenient to install under the influence of the defects of the laying process, otherwise, the waterproof plates are difficult to construct and install, and each waterproof plate is connected by adopting lap welding seams to prevent water leakage; after a plurality of waterproof boards are constructed, the working procedures of lining reinforcing steel bar binding (if any) and secondary lining concrete pouring are carried out.
The current method of laying waterproof boards has the following disadvantages:
1. directly paving a waterproof plate on the primary support shotcrete base surface, and ensuring that the planeness D/L of the primary support shotcrete is less than or equal to 1/20 according to the standard requirement, wherein the requirement on the shotcrete construction process is high; when the flatness does not reach the standard, the concave-convex surface of the sprayed concrete needs to be repaired, and the working procedure construction efficiency is reduced.
2. The waterproof plate is directly paved on the sprayed concrete base surface, and the overlong anchor rod end needs to be cut off, so that time and labor are wasted; and the end of the anchor rod is easy to puncture the waterproof board, thereby seriously reducing the waterproof effect.
3. The adopted construction method causes the width of the waterproof board to be smaller, so that more welding joints are caused, the welding operation is frequent, the base surface of the waterproof board sprayed with concrete on the back is uneven, the welding quality of the waterproof board joint is greatly influenced, and the water seepage prevention of the welding joints is difficult to ensure.
4. Because the primary support spouts the concrete unsmooth, and there is the stock end in a large number, leads to the waterproof board can not with spout concrete surface close fitting, when later stage pouring lining concrete, concrete lateral pressure very easily bursts the pore-forming with the waterproof board, forms the passageway that leaks, greatly reduces waterproof performance.
5. The surplus and shortage of the waterproof boards are easily caused when the waterproof boards are laid, so that the waterproof boards are tight when lining concrete is poured, the arch crown lining is easy to be insufficient in thickness, and a cavity is formed behind the arch crown lining, as shown in fig. 2, and the bearing capacity of a secondary lining structure is seriously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems that the existing waterproof board and the construction method thereof in the prior art have high requirements on the flatness of the primary support sprayed concrete, when the flatness does not reach the standard, the concave-convex surface of the sprayed concrete needs to be repaired, and the construction efficiency is low; the sprayed concrete is uneven, and a large number of anchor rod ends exist, so that the waterproof board cannot be closely attached to the surface of the sprayed concrete, and when lining concrete is poured in the later period, the waterproof board is easily cracked and formed into holes by the lateral pressure of the concrete, so that a water leakage channel is formed, and the waterproof performance is greatly reduced; a cavity is easily formed at the back of the lining, and the bearing capacity of a secondary lining structure is seriously reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a tunnel waterproofing layer comprising an EVA (Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) waterproofing sheet having a side surface bonded to a side surface of the foam sheet, the EVA waterproofing sheet being adapted to face an inside of a tunnel, and a foam sheet being adapted to face a side of a surrounding rock.
By adopting the tunnel waterproof layer, the waterproof performance of a tunnel structure can be greatly improved, the pouring quality of a secondary lining can be greatly improved, the construction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the construction cost can be reduced;
promote tunnel structure waterproof performance by a wide margin and show: the foam board is provided with certain pores, so that slurry can permeate into the foam board, and the EVA waterproof board can be bonded to the surface of the primary support shotcrete in a grouting bonding mode; even if the flatness of the sprayed concrete does not reach the standard, the EVA waterproof board is shaped and matched with the inner wall of the tunnel, on one hand, the EVA waterproof board is bonded and connected to the inner wall of the tunnel in a grouting mode, so that construction is facilitated, on the other hand, the unevenness of the sprayed concrete and the end head of the anchor rod can be filled in the grouting mode, and the end head of the anchor rod is prevented from puncturing the EVA waterproof board when the EVA waterproof board is installed; meanwhile, the EVA waterproof board and the sprayed concrete are firm and full due to grouting filling, when pressure is generated on the EVA waterproof board during secondary lining pouring, a cavity can be prevented from being formed behind a lining after the secondary lining pouring due to the existence of a grouting layer, and the waterproof performance of the structure is obviously enhanced; serious welding quality problems such as welding missing, welding through and the like at the joint of the adjacent EVA waterproof boards caused by the unevenness of sprayed concrete can be avoided, and the welding quality and the waterproof performance of the waterproof layer are greatly improved;
the performance of greatly improving the secondary lining pouring quality is as follows: the EVA waterproof board is not fixed in position after the EVA waterproof board is connected by grouting as long as the EVA waterproof board is laid at the position of the designed outline, so that the secondary lining concrete can be poured in place according to the designed outline in the later period of pouring, a secondary lining structure with uniform quality is formed, and the phenomenon of stress concentration when the thicknesses of the structures are different is avoided; the pouring quantity of the secondary lining concrete in each cycle can be ensured to be relatively constant, and the blockage of a construction channel and the formation of a cold joint caused by excessive additional waiting of concrete are prevented so as to reduce the bearing capacity of the structure; the waterproof layer is accurately installed, so that the defects of insufficient vault lining thickness, lining rear cavity and the like easily caused by the traditional construction method are overcome;
the construction efficiency is greatly improved as follows: the gap between the waterproof layer and the sprayed concrete needs to be filled and compacted by grouting at the later stage, so that the concave-convex surface of the sprayed concrete does not need to be repaired, the requirement on the surface flatness of the sprayed concrete can be properly reduced to a certain extent, and the construction efficiency is improved; the waterproof layer is free of damage in the whole installation process, so that the waterproof layer is convenient and efficient to lay and hang;
the reduction of the construction cost is represented as: the EVA waterproof board can be properly reduced in thickness to a certain extent by adopting a sizing and grouting connection mode, so that an ideal waterproof effect can be achieved, and the material cost can be saved.
Preferably, the thickness of the EVA waterproof plate is 0.8-1.5 mm.
Preferably, the foam board is a polyethylene foam board.
Preferably, the foam board has a thickness of 2mm to 4 mm.
Preferably, the width of the waterproof layer is greater than or equal to 6 m.
Further preferably, the width of the waterproof layer is 6m to 12 m.
The invention also provides a template trolley of a tunnel waterproof layer, which comprises a trolley body and an arched template, wherein the arched template can be matched with the contour of a tunnel, the trolley body is positioned at the inner side of the arched template, a driving part is connected between the trolley body and the arched template, the outer wall of the arched template is used for arranging the waterproof layer according to any one of claims 1-3, the EVA waterproof plate is used for facing one side of the arched template, the foam plate is used for facing one side of the initial support concrete spraying of the tunnel, the driving part can enable the arched template to contract or extend along the radial direction of the tunnel, and the driving part is used for supporting the arched template to enable the waterproof layer to be matched with the concrete spraying.
By adopting the template trolley for the tunnel waterproof layer, the waterproof performance of the tunnel structure can be greatly improved, the pouring quality of a secondary lining can be greatly improved, the construction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the construction cost can be reduced;
promote tunnel structure waterproof performance by a wide margin and show: even if the flatness of sprayed concrete is not up to standard, the EVA waterproof board is shaped and adapted to the inner wall of the tunnel through the arched template which is adapted to the contour of the tunnel, the EVA waterproof board is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel in an adhering mode through grouting, the EVA waterproof board is shaped through the arched template, and the EVA waterproof board is supported through the driving part, so that the width of the EVA waterproof board can be greatly improved on the basis of the existing 3m, the number of welding seams can be reduced by 1/2-2/3 when the waterproof board with the same length is applied, and the integrity of the waterproof board is improved; grouting can fill unevenness of sprayed concrete and the end of the anchor rod, so that the end of the anchor rod is prevented from puncturing the EVA waterproof plate when the EVA waterproof plate is installed; meanwhile, the EVA waterproof board and the sprayed concrete are firm and full due to grouting filling, when pressure is generated on the EVA waterproof board during secondary lining pouring, a cavity can be prevented from being formed behind a lining after the secondary lining pouring due to the existence of a grouting layer, and the waterproof performance of the structure is obviously enhanced; serious welding quality problems such as welding missing, welding through and the like at the joint of the adjacent EVA waterproof boards caused by the unevenness of sprayed concrete can be avoided, and the welding quality and the waterproof performance of the waterproof layer are greatly improved;
the performance of greatly improving the secondary lining pouring quality is as follows: the EVA waterproof plate is laid at the position of the designed outline through the template trolley, and the position of the EVA waterproof plate is fixed after the EVA waterproof plate is connected by grouting, so that the secondary lining concrete can be poured in place according to the designed outline in the later period, a secondary lining structure with uniform quality is formed, and the stress concentration phenomenon caused by different thicknesses of the structure is avoided; the pouring quantity of the secondary lining concrete in each cycle can be ensured to be relatively constant, and the blockage of a construction channel and the formation of a cold joint caused by excessive additional waiting of concrete are prevented so as to reduce the bearing capacity of the structure; the waterproof layer is accurately installed, so that the defects of insufficient vault lining thickness, lining rear cavity and the like easily caused by the traditional construction method are overcome;
the construction efficiency is greatly improved as follows: the gap between the waterproof layer and the sprayed concrete needs to be filled and compacted by grouting at the later stage, so that the concave-convex surface of the sprayed concrete does not need to be repaired, the requirement on the surface flatness of the sprayed concrete can be properly reduced to a certain extent, and the construction efficiency is improved; the waterproof layer is free of damage in the whole installation process, so that the waterproof layer is convenient and efficient to lay and hang; the large-scale construction of the EVA waterproof board is realized, the construction length per cycle can reach at least more than 6m, which is more than 2 times of the construction efficiency of the traditional construction method, the working time of manually welding the waterproof layer in the tunnel is greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved;
the reduction of the construction cost is represented as: the EVA waterproof board is connected in a shaping and grouting way, so that the thickness of the EVA waterproof board can be properly reduced to a certain degree, and an ideal waterproof effect can be achieved, and the material cost can be saved; the area of the waterproof layer paved in one cycle is more than 3 times of that of the traditional technical scheme, but the cycle time of the working procedure is only increased by about 1/3, so that the comprehensive economic benefit is good.
Preferably, the arch template comprises a vault template, a side wall template and a wall foot template, wherein the two sides of the vault template are respectively hinged with the side wall template, and the lower side of the side wall template is hinged with the wall foot template.
Further preferably, the driving part comprises a first telescopic part, a second telescopic part, a third telescopic part and a fourth telescopic part, the top of the vehicle body is provided with the first telescopic part, the top end of the first telescopic part is hinged to the vault template, the side part of the vehicle body is hinged to the second telescopic part, the third telescopic part and the fourth telescopic part, the other end of the second telescopic part is hinged to the side wall template, the third telescopic part is located below the second telescopic part, the other end of the third telescopic part is hinged to the second telescopic part, and the other end of the fourth telescopic part is hinged to the wall foot template.
Further preferably, the first telescopic member, the second telescopic member, the third telescopic member and the fourth telescopic member each include a telescopic rod.
Further preferably, the telescopic rod is a hydraulic rod, an air rod or an electric push rod.
Preferably, the arch-shaped template is provided with a grouting hole and an exhaust hole.
Further preferably, the vault template is provided with vault grouting holes and vault exhaust holes, and the side wall template is provided with side wall grouting holes.
Preferably, an air pipe channel is arranged on the vehicle body and used for a tunnel air pipe to pass through.
The invention also provides a construction method of the tunnel waterproof layer, which applies the template trolley of the tunnel waterproof layer, and comprises the following steps:
① finishing the construction of the primary support concrete of the tunnel;
②, mounting the waterproof layer winding drum on the outer wall of the arched template of the template trolley, fully laying the waterproof layer on the arched template, and reserving part of the waterproof layer on two sides, so that the whole waterproof layer can meet the design length after being expanded in the annular direction;
③ moving the vehicle body of the form trolley to a planned construction position in the tunnel;
④, starting the driving part to radially extend the arched formworks along the tunnel, so that the waterproof layer is fully paved on the arched formworks, and a gap is reserved between the waterproof layer and the sprayed concrete;
⑤ connecting the waterproof layer on the arched form of the cycle with the edge of the waterproof layer after the completion of the cycle;
⑥ sealing the edges of the arched forms in place to seal the ends of the arched forms;
⑦ filling the gap with grouting holes on the arched form plates, forming a buffer layer at the gap and curing for molding, wherein the buffer layer adheres to the foam plates.
By adopting the construction method of the tunnel waterproof layer, the waterproof performance of the tunnel structure can be greatly improved, the pouring quality of the secondary lining can be greatly improved, the construction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the construction cost can be reduced;
promote tunnel structure waterproof performance by a wide margin and show: even if the flatness of sprayed concrete is not up to standard, the EVA waterproof board is shaped and adapted to the inner wall of the tunnel through the arched template which is adapted to the contour of the tunnel, the EVA waterproof board is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel in an adhering mode through grouting, the EVA waterproof board is shaped through the arched template, and the EVA waterproof board is supported through the driving part, so that the width of the EVA waterproof board can be greatly improved on the basis of the existing 3m, the number of welding seams can be reduced by 1/2-2/3 when the waterproof board with the same length is applied, and the integrity of the waterproof board is improved; grouting can fill unevenness of sprayed concrete and the end of the anchor rod, so that the end of the anchor rod is prevented from puncturing the EVA waterproof plate when the EVA waterproof plate is installed; meanwhile, the EVA waterproof board and the sprayed concrete are firm and full due to grouting filling, when pressure is generated on the EVA waterproof board during secondary lining pouring, a cavity can be prevented from being formed behind a lining after the secondary lining pouring due to the existence of a grouting layer, and the waterproof performance of the structure is obviously enhanced; serious welding quality problems such as welding missing, welding through and the like at the joint of the adjacent EVA waterproof boards caused by the unevenness of sprayed concrete can be avoided, and the welding quality and the waterproof performance of the waterproof layer are greatly improved;
the performance of greatly improving the secondary lining pouring quality is as follows: the EVA waterproof board is laid at the position of the designed outline by the construction method, and the position of the EVA waterproof board is fixed after the EVA waterproof board is connected by grouting, so that the secondary lining concrete can be poured in place according to the designed outline in the later period, a secondary lining structure with uniform quality is formed, and the phenomenon of stress concentration when the thicknesses of the structures are different is avoided; the pouring quantity of the secondary lining concrete in each cycle can be ensured to be relatively constant, and the blockage of a construction channel and the formation of a cold joint caused by excessive additional waiting of concrete are prevented so as to reduce the bearing capacity of the structure; the waterproof layer is accurately installed, so that the defects of insufficient vault lining thickness, lining rear cavity and the like easily caused by the traditional construction method are overcome;
the construction efficiency is greatly improved as follows: the gap between the waterproof layer and the sprayed concrete needs to be filled and compacted by grouting at the later stage, so that the concave-convex surface of the sprayed concrete does not need to be repaired, the requirement on the surface flatness of the sprayed concrete can be properly reduced to a certain extent, and the construction efficiency is improved; the waterproof layer is free of damage in the whole installation process, so that the waterproof layer is convenient and efficient to lay and hang; the large-scale construction of the EVA waterproof board is realized, the construction length per cycle can reach at least more than 6m, which is more than 2 times of the construction efficiency of the traditional construction method, the working time of manually welding the waterproof layer in the tunnel is greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved;
the reduction of the construction cost is represented as: the EVA waterproof board is connected in a shaping and grouting way, so that the thickness of the EVA waterproof board can be properly reduced to a certain degree, and an ideal waterproof effect can be achieved, and the material cost can be saved; the area of the waterproof layer paved in one cycle is more than 3 times of that of the traditional technical scheme, but the cycle time of the working procedure is only increased by about 1/3, so that the comprehensive economic benefit is good.
Preferably, in the step ⑤, the EVA waterproof board on the arch form of the present cycle is overlapped with the edge of the EVA waterproof board after the last cycle is completed, and the overlapped part is welded.
Further preferably, the overlap width is 10cm to 15 cm.
Preferably, after the step ⑦, a secondary lining is cast and molded on the outer side of the EVA waterproof board.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the foam board has certain pores, so that slurry can permeate into the foam board, and the EVA waterproof board can be bonded on the surface of the primary support shotcrete in a grouting bonding mode;
2. even if the flatness of the sprayed concrete does not reach the standard, the EVA waterproof board can be shaped and adapted to the inner wall of the tunnel through the template trolley, on one hand, the EVA waterproof board is bonded and connected to the inner wall of the tunnel in a grouting mode, so that construction is facilitated, on the other hand, the unevenness of the sprayed concrete and the end of the anchor rod can be filled in the grouting mode, and the situation that the end of the anchor rod punctures the EVA waterproof board when the EVA waterproof board is installed is avoided;
3. according to the invention, the grouting filling enables the EVA waterproof board and the sprayed concrete to be firm and full, when pressure is generated on the EVA waterproof board during secondary lining pouring, due to the existence of the grouting layer, a cavity can be prevented from being formed at the back of the lining after the secondary lining pouring, and the self waterproof performance of the structure is obviously enhanced;
4. the invention can avoid serious welding quality problems of welding missing, welding penetration and the like at the joint of the adjacent EVA waterproof boards caused by the unevenness of sprayed concrete, and greatly improves the welding quality and the waterproof performance of the waterproof layer;
5. the EVA waterproof board is shaped and supported by the arched template, so that the width of the EVA waterproof board can be greatly improved on the basis of the existing 3m, the number of welding seams can be reduced by 1/2-2/3 when the waterproof layer with the same length is applied, and the integrity of the waterproof layer is improved;
6. according to the invention, the EVA waterproof plate is laid at the position of the designed outline by the template trolley, and the position of the EVA waterproof plate is fixed after the EVA waterproof plate is connected by grouting, so that the secondary lining concrete can be poured in place according to the designed outline in the later stage, a secondary lining structure with uniform quality is formed, and the phenomenon of stress concentration when the structure thickness is different is avoided;
7. the method can ensure that the pouring amount of the secondary lining concrete in each cycle is relatively constant, and prevent the blockage of a construction channel and the formation of a cold joint to reduce the bearing capacity of the structure due to the waiting of excessive addition of the concrete;
8. the waterproof layer is accurately installed, and the defects of insufficient vault lining thickness, lining rear cavity and the like easily caused by the traditional construction method are overcome;
9. in the invention, the gap between the waterproof layer and the sprayed concrete needs to be filled and compacted by grouting at the later stage, so that the concave-convex surface of the sprayed concrete does not need to be repaired, the requirement on the flatness of the surface of the sprayed concrete can be properly reduced to a certain extent, and the construction efficiency is improved;
10. the invention realizes no damage to the whole installation process of the waterproof layer, so that the waterproof layer is convenient and efficient to lay and hang;
11. the invention realizes the large-scale construction of the EVA waterproof board, the construction length of each cycle can reach at least more than 6m, which is more than 2 times of the construction efficiency of the traditional construction method, the working time of manually welding the waterproof layer in the tunnel is greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved;
12. according to the invention, the EVA waterproof board is connected in a shaping and grouting manner, so that the thickness of the EVA waterproof board can be properly reduced to a certain extent, and an ideal waterproof effect can be achieved, and therefore, the material cost can be saved;
13. the area of the waterproof layer laid in one cycle is more than 3 times of that of the traditional technical scheme, but the cycle time of the working procedure is only increased by about 1/3, so that the comprehensive economic benefit is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement position of a conventional tunnel waterproof layer (an EVA waterproof board + geotextile);
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction defects of the existing tunnel waterproof layer (EVA waterproof board + geotextile);
FIG. 3 is a first schematic structural diagram of a waterproof layer of a tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic structural view of the waterproof layer of the tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a formwork trolley for a tunnel waterproofing layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a tunnel construction preliminary bracing shotcrete;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the formwork trolley of the tunnel waterproof layer shrinking along the radial direction of the tunnel;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a waterproof layer disposed on a formwork trolley of the tunnel waterproof layer;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the formwork trolley of the tunnel waterproofing layer positioned within the tunnel;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the formwork trolley top stay of the tunnel waterproofing layer unfolding the waterproofing layer;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the overlapping of adjacent tunnel waterproofing layers;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a grout joint;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of grouting;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of buffer layer formation;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the waterproof layer formation;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of secondary lining formation.
Icon: 1-waterproof layer, 11-EVA waterproof plate, 12-foam plate, 13-waterproof layer reserved part, 2-vehicle body, 21-air pipe channel, 3-vault template, 31-first telescopic component, 32-vault grouting hole, 33-vault exhaust hole, 4-side wall template, 41-second telescopic component, 42-third telescopic component, 43-side wall grouting hole, 5-basement template, 51-fourth telescopic component, 6-grouting pump, 7-grouting pipe and 8-buffer layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 3-4, the tunnel waterproof layer 1 of the present invention includes a waterproof sheet 11 and a polyethylene foam sheet 12.
The side surface of the EVA waterproof plate 11 is bonded with the side surface of the foam plate 12 with high porosity, the thickness of the EVA waterproof plate 11 is 0.8-1.5 mm, the thickness of the foam plate 12 is 2-4 mm, the width of the waterproof layer 1 is greater than or equal to 6m, and the preferred width in the embodiment is 6-9 m; when the EVA waterproof board 11 is installed, the EVA waterproof board is used for facing the inner side of the tunnel, and the foam board 12 is used for facing one side of the surrounding rock.
By using the tunnel waterproof layer 1 disclosed by the invention, the waterproof performance of a tunnel structure can be greatly improved, the pouring quality of a secondary lining can be greatly improved, the construction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the construction cost can be reduced;
promote tunnel structure waterproof performance by a wide margin and show: the foam board 12 has certain pores, so that slurry can permeate into the foam board, and the EVA waterproof board 11 can be bonded to the surface of primary support shotcrete in a grouting bonding mode; even if the flatness of the sprayed concrete does not reach the standard, the EVA waterproof board 11 is shaped and matched with the inner wall of the tunnel, on one hand, the EVA waterproof board 11 is bonded and connected to the inner wall of the tunnel in a grouting mode, so that construction is facilitated, on the other hand, the unevenness of the sprayed concrete and the end of the anchor rod can be filled in the grouting mode, and the situation that the end of the anchor rod punctures the EVA waterproof board 11 when the EVA waterproof board 11 is installed is avoided; meanwhile, the EVA waterproof board 11 and the sprayed concrete are firm and full due to grouting filling, when pressure is generated on the EVA waterproof board 11 during secondary lining pouring, due to the existence of a grouting layer, a cavity can be prevented from being formed behind a lining after the secondary lining pouring, and the waterproof performance of the structure is obviously enhanced; serious welding quality problems such as welding missing, welding through and the like at the joint of the adjacent EVA waterproof boards 11 caused by the unevenness of sprayed concrete can be avoided, and the welding quality and the waterproof performance of the waterproof layer 1 are greatly improved;
the performance of greatly improving the secondary lining pouring quality is as follows: as long as the EVA waterproof board 11 is laid at the position of the designed outline, the position of the EVA waterproof board 11 is fixed after the EVA waterproof board 11 is connected by grouting, so that the secondary lining concrete can be poured in place according to the designed outline in the later period, a secondary lining structure with uniform quality is formed, and the phenomenon of stress concentration when the thicknesses of the structures are different is avoided; the pouring quantity of the secondary lining concrete in each cycle can be ensured to be relatively constant, and the blockage of a construction channel and the formation of a cold joint caused by excessive additional waiting of concrete are prevented so as to reduce the bearing capacity of the structure; the waterproof layer 1 is accurately installed, so that the defects of insufficient vault lining thickness, lining rear cavity and the like easily caused by the traditional construction method are overcome;
the construction efficiency is greatly improved as follows: because the gap between the waterproof layer 1 and the sprayed concrete needs to be filled and compacted by grouting at the later stage, the concave-convex surface of the sprayed concrete does not need to be repaired, the requirement on the surface flatness of the sprayed concrete can be properly reduced to a certain extent, and the construction efficiency is improved; the waterproof layer 1 is free of damage in the whole installation process, so that the waterproof layer 1 is convenient and efficient to lay and hang;
the reduction of the construction cost is represented as: with the mode that 11 design slip casting of EVA waterproof board is connected, can reduce to a certain extent suitably 11 thickness of EVA waterproof board also can reach ideal water-proof effects, consequently can material saving cost.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3 to 16, the formwork trolley for the tunnel waterproof layer 1 comprises a trolley body 2, a driving part and an arched formwork which can be matched with the contour of a tunnel.
The arch formwork comprises an arch crown formwork 3, a side wall formwork 4 and a basement formwork 5; the driving member includes a first telescopic member 31, a second telescopic member 41, a third telescopic member 42 and a fourth telescopic member 51.
The top of the vehicle body 2 is provided with the first telescopic part 31, the top end of the first telescopic part 31 is hinged to the inner side of the vault template 3, two sides of the vault template 3 are respectively hinged to the upper side of the side wall template 4, the lower side of the side wall template 4 is hinged to the wall foot template 5, the side part of the vehicle body 2 is hinged to the second telescopic part 41, the third telescopic part 42 and the fourth telescopic part 51, the other end of the second telescopic part 41 is hinged to the inner side of the side wall template 4, the third telescopic part 42 is positioned below the second telescopic part 41, the other end of the third telescopic part 42 is hinged to the second telescopic part 41, the other end of the fourth telescopic part 51 is hinged to the inner side of the wall foot template 5, the outer wall of the arch template formed by the vault template 3, the side wall template 4 and the wall foot template 5 is used for arranging the waterproof layer 1 as in embodiment 1, and the waterproof layer 1 is made to fit the tunnel preliminary bracing shotcrete, the EVA waterproof sheet 11 is made to face the arch form, and the foam sheet 12 is made to face the tunnel preliminary bracing shotcrete.
The first telescopic member 31, the second telescopic member 41, the third telescopic member 42 and the fourth telescopic member 51 comprise telescopic rods; specifically, the telescopic rod is a hydraulic rod, a pneumatic rod or an electric push rod.
The arched template is provided with a grouting hole and an exhaust hole; specifically, the vault template 3 is provided with vault grouting holes 32 and vault exhaust holes 33, and the side wall template 4 is provided with side wall grouting holes 43. An air pipe channel 21 is arranged on the vehicle body 2, and the air pipe channel 21 is used for a tunnel air pipe to pass through.
By using the template trolley of the tunnel waterproof layer 1, the waterproof performance of a tunnel structure, the secondary lining pouring quality, the construction efficiency and the construction cost can be greatly improved;
promote tunnel structure waterproof performance by a wide margin and show: even if the flatness of sprayed concrete is not up to the standard, the EVA waterproof board 11 is shaped and adapted to the inner wall of the tunnel through the arched template which is adapted to the contour of the tunnel, the EVA waterproof board 11 is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel in an adhering mode through grouting, the EVA waterproof board 11 is shaped through the arched template, and the EVA waterproof board 11 is supported by the driving part, so that the width of the EVA waterproof board 11 can be greatly improved on the basis of the existing 3m, the number of welding seams can be reduced by about 1/2-2/3 when the waterproof layer 1 with the same length is applied, and the integrity of the waterproof layer 1 is improved; grouting can fill unevenness of sprayed concrete and the end of the anchor rod, so that the end of the anchor rod is prevented from puncturing the EVA waterproof plate 11 when the EVA waterproof plate 11 is installed; meanwhile, the EVA waterproof board 11 and the sprayed concrete are firm and full due to grouting filling, when pressure is generated on the EVA waterproof board 11 during secondary lining pouring, due to the existence of a grouting layer, a cavity can be prevented from being formed behind a lining after the secondary lining pouring, and the waterproof performance of the structure is obviously enhanced; serious welding quality problems such as welding missing, welding through and the like at the joint of the adjacent EVA waterproof boards 11 caused by the unevenness of sprayed concrete can be avoided, and the welding quality and the waterproof performance of the waterproof layer 1 are greatly improved;
the performance of greatly improving the secondary lining pouring quality is as follows: the EVA waterproof plates 11 are laid at the positions of the designed outlines through the formwork trolley, and after the EVA waterproof plates 11 are connected in a grouting mode, the positions of the EVA waterproof plates 11 are fixed, so that the secondary lining concrete can be poured in place according to the designed outlines in the later period, a secondary lining structure with uniform quality is formed, and the phenomenon of stress concentration when the thicknesses of the structures are different is avoided; the pouring quantity of the secondary lining concrete in each cycle can be ensured to be relatively constant, and the blockage of a construction channel and the formation of a cold joint caused by excessive additional waiting of concrete are prevented so as to reduce the bearing capacity of the structure; the waterproof layer 1 is accurately installed, so that the defects of insufficient vault lining thickness, lining rear cavity and the like easily caused by the traditional construction method are overcome;
the construction efficiency is greatly improved as follows: because the gap between the waterproof layer 1 and the sprayed concrete needs to be filled and compacted by grouting at the later stage, the concave-convex surface of the sprayed concrete does not need to be repaired, the requirement on the surface flatness of the sprayed concrete can be properly reduced to a certain extent, and the construction efficiency is improved; the waterproof layer 1 is free of damage in the whole installation process, so that the waterproof layer 1 is convenient and efficient to lay and hang; the large-scale construction of the EVA waterproof board 11 is realized, the construction length per cycle can reach at least more than 6m, which is more than 2 times of the construction efficiency of the traditional construction method, the working time of manually welding the waterproof layer 1 in the tunnel is greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved;
the reduction of the construction cost is represented as: the EVA waterproof board 11 is connected in a shaping and grouting manner, so that the thickness of the EVA waterproof board 11 can be properly reduced to a certain degree, and an ideal waterproof effect can be achieved, and the material cost can be saved; the area of the waterproof layer 1 laid in one cycle is more than 3 times of that of the traditional technical scheme, but the cycle time of the working procedure is only increased by about 1/3, and the comprehensive economic benefit is good.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3 to 16, the construction method of the tunnel waterproof layer 1 according to the present invention, which uses the formwork trolley of the tunnel waterproof layer 1 according to embodiment 2, includes the following steps:
① As shown in figure 6, the tunnel excavation and the preliminary bracing concrete spraying are completed and reach the design strength, it should be noted that the concrete spraying thickness reaches the design thickness, and it is not necessary to spray the concrete to the external contour of the lining.
② actuating the drive member connected to the arch form to cause the arch form to contract radially along the tunnel to increase the working space between the arch form and the shotcrete;
specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the first telescopic member 31 is contracted to drive the vault formwork 3 to descend, the second telescopic member 41 and the third telescopic member 42 are both contracted to drive the side wall formwork 4 to rotate inwards around the hinge joint with the vault formwork 3, and the fourth telescopic member 51 is contracted to drive the basement formwork 5 to rotate inwards around the hinge joint with the side wall formwork 4, so as to rotate from the inclined position shown in fig. 5 to the horizontal position shown in fig. 7.
③ As shown in fig. 8, the waterproof layer 1 winding drum is installed on the outer wall of the arch form, the waterproof layer 1 is fully laid on the arch form by a winch, and the waterproof layer 1 is reserved on two sides of the arch form, which is shown as the waterproof layer reserved part 13 in fig. 8, so that the whole waterproof layer 1 can meet the design length after being expanded in the circumferential direction.
④ As shown in FIG. 9, the vehicle body 2 is moved to a planned construction position in the tunnel;
specifically, when the vehicle body 2 is positioned in a tunnel, the running device of the vehicle body 2 is started to run to a planned construction position and accurate positioning is carried out; or when the vehicle body 2 is positioned outside the tunnel, firstly driving the vehicle body 2 into the tunnel, then walking to the planned construction position and accurately positioning.
⑤, starting the driving part to radially extend the arched formworks along the tunnel, so that the waterproof layer 1 is fully paved on the arched formworks, and a gap is reserved between the waterproof layer 1 and sprayed concrete;
specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the first telescopic member 31 is lifted to drive the arch top formwork 3 to ascend, the second telescopic member 41 and the third telescopic member 42 are both extended to drive the side wall formwork 4 to rotate outwards around the hinge with the arch top formwork 3, the fourth telescopic member 51 is extended to drive the footing formwork 5 to rotate outwards around the hinge with the side wall formwork 4, and the transverse position shown in fig. 7-9 is rotated to the oblique position shown in fig. 10, so that the waterproof layer 1 is matched with the concrete.
⑥ adjusting the arch form, under the premise of ensuring the secondary lining thickness to meet the requirement, the arch form is attached to the waterproof layer 1 and the sprayed concrete as much as possible to reduce the size of the gap and keep the width of the gap to be more than or equal to 3 cm.
⑦ connecting the waterproof layer 1 on the arch form of the cycle with the edge of the waterproof layer 1 after the cycle is finished;
specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the EVA waterproof sheet 11 on the arched template of the present cycle is overlapped with the edge of the EVA waterproof sheet 11 after the completion of the upper cycle, and the overlapped part is welded to form a firm and close-fitting waterproof weld, with an overlapping width of 10cm to 15 cm.
⑧ the sealing template at the edge of the arch template is in place to seal the end of the arch template, so as to prevent the phenomena of slurry streaming, leakage and the like when the buffer layer 8 is poured in the subsequent process.
⑨ grouting equipment is in place, and a grouting pump 6 is connected with the grouting holes on the arched template through a grouting pipe 7, so that the grouting pipe 7 and the vent holes on the arched template are ensured to be smooth;
specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the grouting pump 6 is connected to the vault grouting hole 32 formed in the vault template 3 and the side wall grouting hole 43 formed in the side wall template 4 through the grouting pipe 7, and the vault exhaust hole 33 is communicated with the gap and the tunnel.
⑩, starting the grouting equipment, injecting a buffer material into the gap between the waterproof layer 1 and the sprayed concrete, and filling the gap to form a buffer layer 8;
specifically, the buffer material is cement mortar, the strength grade of the buffer material is not lower than the strength of primary support sprayed concrete, in order to ensure that the buffer material can be completely filled in the gap, the buffer material has good fluidity, the consistency value of the buffer material is 150-190 mm, the bonding force (adhesive force) between the buffer material and the waterproof layer 1 can ensure that the waterproof layer 1 does not fall off when the arched template is demolded, and the adhesive strength of the buffer material is not lower than 30kN/m when the buffer material is demolded2；
Specifically, as shown in fig. 13, when pouring cement mortar, the valves of the grouting pipes 7 connected to the side wall grouting holes 43 on the left and right sides are opened, the valves of the grouting pipes 7 connected to the arch-top grouting holes 32 are closed, and the valves of the grouting pipes 7 of the arch-top grouting holes 32 are opened until 2/3 of the total grouting amount is poured; and grouting at a constant speed, plugging the arch crown vent hole 33 when partial grout overflows from the arch crown vent hole 33, keeping grouting pressure unchanged for not less than 10min, and stopping grouting.
specifically, the vault grouting hole 32 and the side wall grouting hole 43, the grouting pipe 7 is detached, and the grouting pump 6 is evacuated.
By the construction method of the tunnel waterproof layer 1, the waterproof performance of the tunnel structure can be greatly improved, the pouring quality of the secondary lining can be greatly improved, the construction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the construction cost can be reduced;
promote tunnel structure waterproof performance by a wide margin and show: even if the flatness of sprayed concrete is not up to the standard, the EVA waterproof board 11 is shaped and adapted to the inner wall of the tunnel through the arched template which is adapted to the contour of the tunnel, the EVA waterproof board 11 is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel in an adhering mode through grouting, the EVA waterproof board 11 is shaped through the arched template, and the EVA waterproof board 11 is supported by the driving part, so that the width of the EVA waterproof board 11 can be greatly improved on the basis of the existing 3m, the number of welding seams can be reduced by about 1/2-2/3 when the waterproof layer 1 with the same length is applied, and the integrity of the waterproof layer 1 is improved; grouting can fill unevenness of sprayed concrete and the end of the anchor rod, so that the end of the anchor rod is prevented from puncturing the EVA waterproof plate 11 when the EVA waterproof plate 11 is installed; meanwhile, the EVA waterproof board 11 and the sprayed concrete are firm and full due to grouting filling, when pressure is generated on the EVA waterproof board 11 during secondary lining pouring, due to the existence of a grouting layer, a cavity can be prevented from being formed behind a lining after the secondary lining pouring, and the waterproof performance of the structure is obviously enhanced; serious welding quality problems such as welding missing, welding through and the like at the joint of the adjacent EVA waterproof boards 11 caused by the unevenness of sprayed concrete can be avoided, and the welding quality and the waterproof performance of the waterproof layer 1 are greatly improved;
the performance of greatly improving the secondary lining pouring quality is as follows: the EVA waterproof board 11 is laid at the position of the designed outline by the construction method, and the position of the EVA waterproof board 11 is fixed after the EVA waterproof board 11 is connected by grouting, so that the secondary lining concrete can be poured in place according to the designed outline in the later period, a secondary lining structure with uniform quality is formed, and the phenomenon of stress concentration when the structure thickness is different is avoided; the pouring quantity of the secondary lining concrete in each cycle can be ensured to be relatively constant, and the blockage of a construction channel and the formation of a cold joint caused by excessive additional waiting of concrete are prevented so as to reduce the bearing capacity of the structure; the waterproof layer 1 is accurately installed, so that the defects of insufficient vault lining thickness, lining rear cavity and the like easily caused by the traditional construction method are overcome;
the construction efficiency is greatly improved as follows: because the gap between the waterproof layer 1 and the sprayed concrete needs to be filled and compacted by grouting at the later stage, the concave-convex surface of the sprayed concrete does not need to be repaired, the requirement on the surface flatness of the sprayed concrete can be properly reduced to a certain extent, and the construction efficiency is improved; the waterproof layer 1 is free of damage in the whole installation process, so that the waterproof layer 1 is convenient and efficient to lay and hang; the large-scale construction of the EVA waterproof board 11 is realized, the construction length per cycle can reach at least more than 6m, which is more than 2 times of the construction efficiency of the traditional construction method, the working time of manually welding the waterproof layer 1 in the tunnel is greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved;
the reduction of the construction cost is represented as: the EVA waterproof board 11 is connected in a shaping and grouting manner, so that the thickness of the EVA waterproof board 11 can be properly reduced to a certain degree, and an ideal waterproof effect can be achieved, and the material cost can be saved; the area of the waterproof layer 1 laid in one cycle is more than 3 times of that of the traditional technical scheme, but the cycle time of the working procedure is only increased by about 1/3, and the comprehensive economic benefit is good.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The tunnel waterproof layer (1) is characterized by comprising an EVA waterproof board (11) and a foam board (12), wherein the side surface of the EVA waterproof board (11) is bonded with the side surface of the foam board (12).
2. A tunnel waterproofing layer (1) according to claim 1, wherein the EVA waterproofing sheet (11) has a thickness of 0.8mm to 1.5 mm.
3. A tunnel barrier (1) according to any of claims 1-2, wherein the foam boards (12) have a thickness of 2-4 mm.
4. The template trolley for the tunnel waterproof layer (1) is characterized by comprising a trolley body (2) and an arch template capable of being matched with the contour of a tunnel, wherein the trolley body (2) is located on the inner side of the arch template, a driving part is connected between the trolley body (2) and the arch template, the outer wall of the arch template is used for arranging the waterproof layer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, an EVA waterproof plate (11) is used for facing one side of the arch template, a foam plate (12) is used for facing one side of concrete spraying of initial support of the tunnel, the driving part can enable the arch template to contract or extend along the radial direction of the tunnel, and the driving part is used for supporting the arch template so that the waterproof layer (1) can be matched with the concrete spraying.
5. The form trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that the arch form comprises a vault form (3), a side wall form (4) and a wall footing form (5), the two sides of the vault form (3) are respectively hinged with the side wall form (4), and the lower side of the side wall form (4) is hinged with the wall footing form (5).
6. Formwork trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that said driving members comprise a first telescopic member (31), a second telescopic member (41), a third telescopic member (42) and a fourth telescopic member (51), the top of the vehicle body (2) is provided with the first telescopic part (31), the top end of the first telescopic part (31) is hinged with the arch top template (3), the side part of the vehicle body (2) is hinged with the second telescopic component (41), the third telescopic component (42) and the fourth telescopic component (51), the other end of the second telescopic part (41) is hinged with the side wall template (4), the third telescopic member (42) is located below the second telescopic member (41), the other end of the third telescopic component (42) is hinged with the second telescopic component (41), the other end of the fourth telescopic component (51) is hinged to the basement formwork (5).
7. Formwork trolley according to claim 6, characterized in that said first telescopic part (31), said second telescopic part (41), said third telescopic part (42) and said fourth telescopic part (51) each comprise a telescopic rod.
8. The formwork trolley of any one of claims 4 to 7 wherein the arcuate formwork is provided with grout holes and vent holes.
9. A method for constructing a tunnel waterproofing layer (1), characterized by applying the formwork trolley of the tunnel waterproofing layer (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, the construction method comprising the steps of:
① finishing the construction of the primary support concrete of the tunnel;
②, mounting the waterproof layer (1) winding drum on the outer wall of the arched template of the template trolley, fully paving the waterproof layer (1) on the arched template, and reserving part of the waterproof layer (1) on two sides;
③ moving the vehicle body (2) of the form trolley to a planned construction position in a tunnel;
④, starting the driving part to radially extend the arched formworks along the tunnel, so that the waterproof layer (1) is fully paved on the arched formworks, and a gap is reserved between the waterproof layer (1) and sprayed concrete;
⑤ connecting the waterproof layer (1) on the arch form of the cycle with the edge of the waterproof layer (1) after the cycle is finished;
⑥ sealing the edges of the arched forms in place to seal the ends of the arched forms;
⑦, grouting and filling the gap through grouting holes on the arch form boards, forming a buffer layer (8) at the gap and curing and forming, wherein the buffer layer (8) is adhered to the foam board (12).
10. The method of claim 9, wherein in the step ⑤, the EVA flashing (11) on the arch form of the present cycle is overlapped with the edge of the EVA flashing (11) after the previous cycle is completed, and the overlapped part is welded.
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| CN202010267529.5A CN111335926A (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Tunnel waterproof layer, template trolley and construction method |
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| CN202010267529.5A CN111335926A (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Tunnel waterproof layer, template trolley and construction method |
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| CN112610238A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Joint for connecting pre-buried grouting pipe and tunnel secondary lining grouting method |
| CN115961973A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-04-14 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Tunnel lining trolley and tunnel construction method |
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