CN111322930A - A detection tool and method for measuring crankshaft main journal runout - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of engine crankshaft manufacturing, in particular to a detection tool and method for measuring the radial runout of a crankshaft main journal, comprising a crankshaft support seat and a measuring device. During measurement, the crankshaft is rotatably mounted on the crankshaft support seat, and the measuring device is arranged on the crankshaft support seat. On one side of the crankshaft, different from the prior art, the measuring device includes a guide rail device, no less than two movable watch bases and a measuring rod-type measuring watch installed on the movable watch base, and the guide rail device There is a slide rail parallel to the main shaft of the crankshaft. The mobile watch base is installed on the slide rail. The distance between the mobile watch bases can be adjusted along the direction of the slide rail. When measuring, the mobile watch base is fixed on the slide rail, and the measuring rod The measuring rods of the type measuring table are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the slide rail, and the measuring head is in contact with the crankshaft main journal and points to the main shaft center. And high precision, the measurement method is easy to implement.

Description

A detection tool and method for measuring crankshaft main journal runout

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of engine crankshaft manufacturing, and in particular relates to a detection tool and method for measuring the radial runout of a crankshaft main journal.

Background technique

The crankshaft is the core component of the engine. The radial runout of the crankshaft main journal will seriously affect the performance of the engine. The runout will aggravate the wear of the journal, and cause the bearing bush to be damaged, and the final part will fail. During the crankshaft processing, the crankshaft main journal will run out. Quality control is extremely important. Due to the particularity of the crankshaft structure, the main shaft of a crankshaft is composed of multiple unconnected main journals. The process operation is inconvenient, usually only a single journal can be detected, and multiple main journals of a crankshaft need to be detected one by one, which has low efficiency and poor detection accuracy, and has certain limitations in use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection tool and method for measuring the runout of the crankshaft main journal in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

The technical scheme that realizes the object of the present invention is,

A detection tool for measuring the runout of a crankshaft main journal includes a crankshaft support seat and a measuring device. During measurement, the crankshaft can be rotatably mounted on the crankshaft support seat, and the measuring device is arranged on one side of the crankshaft. The measuring device includes a guide rail device, no less than two movable watch bases and a measuring rod-type measuring watch installed on the movable watch base. The guide rail device is provided with a slide rail parallel to the main shaft of the crankshaft. The meter base is installed on the slide rail, and the distance between the movable meter bases can be adjusted along the direction of the slide rail. During measurement, the movable meter base is fixed on the slide rail. The measuring rods of the measuring rod type measuring meter are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the slide rail. Its measuring head is in contact with the crankshaft main journal and points to the main shaft axis.

Further, the guide rail device is a side strip, the side strip is parallel to the main shaft of the crankshaft, the sliding rail is a strip through hole provided on the side strip, and the movable table base is installed in the strip through hole Inside, the distance between the mobile watch bases can be adjusted along the length of the strip-shaped through hole.

Further, the movable meter base includes a guide slider, the front and rear width of the guide slider is adapted to the width of the strip through hole, the guide slider is provided with a measuring meter installation through hole, and one end of the guide slider is respectively provided with a front and rear direction. The wing plate is provided with bolt mounting through holes, and two bolt fixing grooves are arranged parallel to the strip through holes on the side strips. The two bolt fixing grooves are located on both sides of the strip through holes. When measuring, The measuring rod type measuring meter is fixed in the measuring meter installation through hole, the guide slider is inserted into the strip through hole, the front and rear walls of the guide slider are attached to the inner wall of the strip through hole, and the fixing bolts pass through the The bolts are installed through holes and inserted into the bolt fixing grooves to fasten the guide blocks to the side strips.

Further, the measuring rod type measuring meter is installed in the through hole of the measuring meter through a meter sleeve, and the meter sleeve includes a measuring rod sheath, the measuring rod sheath is cylindrical, and the measuring rod extends from the center of the measuring rod sheath. A through hole of suitable size passes through, the side wall of the measuring rod sheath is provided with a threaded through hole for fastening the measuring meter, and the measuring rod sheath is also provided with a tapered portion that gradually shrinks along the insertion direction of the measuring rod. The installation through hole is set in a bucket shape that gradually narrows along the insertion direction of the measuring rod, and the tapered portion is adapted to the bucket-shaped measuring meter mounting through hole.

Further, the measuring rod-type measuring table is a dial indicator.

Further, the side strips are arranged vertically, and the crankshaft support base includes a fixed center device and a movable center device installed above the fixed center device, and the fixed center device includes a base plate and a first center installed on the base plate. , the first top is set up, the movable top device includes an upper seat plate, a spring, a limit pin and a second top, the second top is aligned with the first top and downwards, and the second top can be installed on the upper seat plate to move up and down. In the center through hole of the second center, the spring is sleeved on the second center, the upper end face of the spring is pressed against the bottom surface of the upper seat plate, and the limit pin is inserted into the pin through hole at the upper end of the second center to limit the direction of the second center relative to the upper seat plate. The lower end of the side strip is connected to the upper seat plate and the base plate respectively. When measuring, the crankshaft is vertically installed between the first and second tops.

Further, the movable top device is also provided with a lift drive mechanism, the lift drive mechanism is a lever mechanism, the lever mechanism includes a support rod and a lever arm connected with the top end of the support rod through a rotating shaft, and the bottom end of the support rod is arranged on the upper seat plate, The middle of the lever arm is provided with an elongated through hole for installing the rotating shaft. The length of the elongated through hole is consistent with the lever. The rotating shaft can move along its length direction in the elongated through hole. One end of the lever arm is connected to the upper end of the second top. Hinged, the other end of the lever arm is the force end.

When using the above detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout, first install the crankshaft to be tested on the crankshaft support seat, install the same number of mobile watch seats according to the number of main journals on the crankshaft, and adjust the distance between the movable watch seats so that Each of the mobile table bases is aligned with a main journal to be measured, and a measuring rod type measuring table is installed on the mobile table base, so that the measuring head contacts the main journal, and the crankshaft is rotated to read the measurement value of the measuring rod type measuring table.

The detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout of the present invention has some or all of the following technical effects: firstly, the detection efficiency is high, and the runout of multiple main journals on the crankshaft can be measured at one time; secondly, the adaptability is good, and can be increased or decreased according to the crankshaft model The number of measuring tables and the distance between the measuring tables are adjusted to achieve the effect of measuring multiple types of crankshafts with one testing tool; third, the measurement accuracy is high, and the measuring rod-type measuring table is vertically fixed on the axis of the main journal, and the fixed form It is stable and rigid, and has high accuracy of the measured value of the main journal runout; fourth, it has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and obvious economic benefits; fifth, it is easy to operate and easy to use.

The present invention also provides a method for measuring crankshaft main journal runout, which includes the steps of erecting a crankshaft to be measured, and also includes the following steps: determining the number of measuring tables, and using the same number of measuring rod-type measuring tables according to the number of crankshaft main journals; adjusting and measuring Gauge distance, install the measuring rod measuring table on the slide rail, and adjust the distance between the measuring rod measuring tables, so that the measuring heads of each measuring rod measuring table are aligned with one main journal; The measuring rod-type measuring table is fixed on the slide rail; measure the reading, rotate the crankshaft to be measured, and obtain the runout deviation of each main journal.

Further, the measuring rod-type measuring table is a dial indicator.

Compared with the prior art, the above method for measuring crankshaft main journal runout can measure the crankshaft main journal runout at one time. The measurement method has high efficiency, can be adapted to different types of main shafts and is easy to operate.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is an exploded schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a measuring rod sheath according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide slider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. fixed top device; 1-1. base plate; 1-2. first top; 2. movable top device; 2-1. upper seat plate; 2-2. second top; 2-3. spring ; 2-4. Lever mechanism; 2-41. Lever arm; 2-410. Long through hole; 2-42. Support rod; 2-43. Rotation shaft; 3. Measuring device; 3-2. Strip through hole; 3-3. Bolt fixing slot; 3-4. Mobile meter seat; 3-41. Guide slider; 3-42. Dial indicator mounting through hole; 3-43. Wing plate ; 4. Crankshaft; 5. Dial indicator; 5-1. Watch cover; 5-11. Measuring rod sheath.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. The text of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are shown as a specific implementation form of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4,

A detection tool for measuring the runout of the main journal of a crankshaft 4, comprising a crankshaft support seat and a measuring device 3, during measurement, the crankshaft 4 can be rotated and vertically installed on the crankshaft support seat,

The measuring device 3 includes a side strip 3-1, no less than two mobile watch bases 3-4 and a dial indicator 5 installed on the mobile watch base 3-4,

The side strip 3-1 is parallel to the main axis of the crankshaft 4 and is vertically arranged on the left side of the crankshaft 4. The side strip 3-1 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole 3-2 parallel to the main axis of the crankshaft 4,

The mobile watch base 3-4 includes a guide slider 3-41, and the front and rear width of the guide slider 3-41 is adapted to the width of the bar-shaped through hole 3-2, so as to facilitate sliding adjustment in the bar-shaped through hole 3-2. The distance between the sub-meters 5, the guide slider 3-41 is provided with a dial indicator installation through hole 3-42, and the left end of the guide slider 3-41 is respectively provided with a wing plate 3-43 along the front and rear directions, and the wing plate 3 -43 is provided with bolt mounting through holes, the side strip 3-1 is provided with two bolt fixing grooves 3-3 parallel to the strip through holes 3-2, and the two bolt fixing grooves 3-3 are respectively located in the strip through holes 3-2. On both sides of the hole 3-2, the guide slider 3-41 is inserted into the strip through hole 3-2 from the left side of the side strip 3-1, and the fixing bolts pass through the bolt mounting through holes on the wing plate 3-43 and are inserted into In the bolt fixing groove 3-3, fix the guide slider 3-41 on the side plate 3-1, the measuring rod of the dial indicator 5 passes through the guide slider 3-41, and the measuring rods are parallel to each other and perpendicular to each other. The surface of the side strip 3-1, its measuring head is in contact with the main journal of the crankshaft 4 and points to the main shaft axis,

In this embodiment, the dial indicator 5 is installed in the dial indicator installation through hole 3-42 through a watch sleeve, and the watch sleeve includes a measuring rod sheath 5-1, the measuring rod sheath is cylindrical, and the measuring rod extends from The through hole of the appropriate size in the center of the measuring rod sheath 5-1 passes through. The side wall of the measuring rod sheath 5-1 is provided with a threaded through hole for fastening the dial indicator 5. The measuring rod sheath 5-1 is also provided with a threaded through hole. There is a tapered portion 5-11 that gradually decreases from left to right, and the dial indicator mounting through hole 3-42 is set to a bucket shape that gradually decreases from left to right. The tapered portion 5-11 is connected to the dial indicator mounting through hole 3. -42 is suitable for the measurement. When measuring, the side wall of the tapered part 5-11 is close to the inner wall of the through hole for the dial indicator. It is convenient to combine the watch case and the mobile watch base 3-4, and it can also limit the axial freedom of the watch case.

The crankshaft support seat includes a fixed center device 1 and a movable center device 2 installed above the fixed center device 1. The fixed center device 1 includes a base plate 1-1 and a first center 1-2 installed on the base plate 1-1. A center 1-2 is set upward, and the movable center device 2 includes an upper seat plate 2-1, a spring 2-3, a limit pin, a second center 2-2 and a lift drive mechanism, and the second center 2-2 is aligned with the first center The top 1-2 is arranged vertically downward, the second top 2-2 can be moved up and down and is installed in the top through hole set on the upper seat plate 2-1, and the spring 2-3 is sleeved on the second top 2-2, The upper end surface of the spring 2-3 is pressed against the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 2-1, and the limit pin is inserted into the through hole of the pin at the upper end of the second center 2-2 to limit the direction of the second center 2-2 relative to the upper seat plate 2-1. down exercise,

The lift driving mechanism is a lever mechanism 2-4. The lever mechanism 2-4 includes a support rod 2-42 and a lever arm 2-41 connected to the top of the support rod 2-42 through a rotating shaft 2-43. The bottom end of the support rod 2-42 is provided with On the upper seat plate 2-1, the middle of the lever arm 2-41 is provided with an elongated through hole 2-410 for installing the rotating shaft 2-43. The length direction of the elongated through hole 2-410 is consistent with the lever. The elongated through hole 2-410 can move along its length direction, one end of the lever arm 2-41 is hinged with the upper end of the second top 2-2, the other end of the lever arm 2-41 is the force end, when the force end is pressed down, The second center 2-2 rises vertically, the rotating shaft 2-43 moves in the elongated through hole 2-410 to adapt to the force of the upper end of the second center 2-2 on the main shaft, and the additional second center 2-2 lifts and drives device facilitates easy installation and crankshaft 4,

The upper and lower ends of the side strips 3-1 are respectively connected to the upper seat plate 2-1 and the base plate 1-1,

During measurement, the crankshaft 4 is installed vertically between the first and second centers.

When measuring the runout of the crankshaft 4 main journal with the above testing tools, 1) Install the movable table seat 3-4 to fit the number of the crankshaft 4 main journal under test. Use the same number of movable table seats 3-4 to guide the slider 3 -41 is inserted into the bar-shaped through hole 3-2, adjust the vertical position of the guide slider 3-41, fit the required measurement part of the main journal to be measured, and fix the guide slider 3-41;

2) Clamp the workpiece, move the crankshaft 4 to be tested at a 15-20° longitudinal slant, and place the center hole of the crankshaft 4 at the taper surface of the first center 1-2; press down the force end of the lever arm 2-41, the first The second center 2-2 rises, and the spring 2-3 is compressed; the crankshaft 4 is straightened, the force-applying end is released, the spring 2-3 is stretched, the second center 2-2 is lowered, and is pressed into the center hole of the small head end of the crankshaft 4;

3) Install the dial indicator assembly for measurement, insert the dial indicator 5 into the watch sleeve and tighten it, then insert the watch sleeve into the guide slider 3-41, and press the watch sleeve with artificial external force; rotate the crankshaft to be measured Detect the radial runout of each main journal;

4) Take the parts, complete the inspection, press down the force end of the lever arm 2-41, and remove the crankshaft 4 workpiece from the inspection tool.

It can be seen that the additional lever mechanism 2-4 is beneficial to facilitate the installation and unloading of the crankshaft 4 during measurement, reduce labor intensity and improve work efficiency.

Claims (9)

1. a detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout, comprising a crankshaft support seat and a measuring device, during measurement, the crankshaft can be rotatably installed on the crankshaft support seat, and the measuring device is arranged on one side of the crankshaft, it is characterized in that the measurement The device includes a guide rail device, no less than two mobile watch bases and a measuring rod-type measuring gauge installed on the mobile watch base. The guide rail device is provided with a sliding rail parallel to the main shaft of the crankshaft. Installed on the slide rail, the distance between the mobile meter bases can be adjusted along the direction of the slide rail. When measuring, the mobile meter base is fixed on the slide rail. The measuring rods of the measuring rod type measuring table are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the slide rail. The head contacts the crankshaft main journal and points to the main shaft center. 2 . The detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to claim 1 , wherein the guide rail device is a side strip, the side strip is parallel to the crankshaft main shaft, and the slide rail is arranged on the side. 3 . The strip-shaped through-holes on the strip plate, the movable meter bases are installed in the strip-shaped through-holes, and the distance between the movable meter bases can be adjusted along the length direction of the strip-shaped through-holes. 3. The detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to claim 2, wherein the movable table base comprises a guide slider, the front and rear width of the guide slider is adapted to the width of the bar-shaped through hole, and the guide slider The block is provided with a measuring meter installation through hole, and one end of the guide slider is respectively provided with a wing plate along the front and rear directions. The two bolt fixing grooves are located on both sides of the bar-shaped through-hole respectively. During measurement, the measuring rod-type measuring meter is fixed in the measuring-meter mounting through-hole, and the guide slider is inserted into the bar-shaped through hole. , The rear wall is attached to the inner wall of the strip through hole, the fixing bolts pass through the bolt installation through holes on the wing plate and are inserted into the bolt fixing grooves to fix the guide slider on the side strip. 4. The detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to claim 3, wherein the measuring rod-type measuring meter is installed in the through-hole of the measuring meter through a watch sleeve, and the watch sleeve includes a measurement Rod sheath, the measuring rod sheath is cylindrical, the measuring rod passes through the through hole of the appropriate size in the center of the measuring rod sheath, and the side wall of the measuring rod sheath is provided with a threaded through hole for fastening the measuring meter. The sleeve is also provided with a tapered portion that gradually shrinks along the insertion direction of the measuring rod, the measuring meter mounting through hole is set in a bucket shape that gradually shrinks along the measuring rod insertion direction, and the tapered portion is compatible with the bucket-shaped measuring meter mounting through hole When measuring, the side wall of the tapered part is close to the inner wall of the installation through hole of the measuring meter. 5. The detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the measuring rod type measuring table is a dial indicator. 6 . The detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to claim 2 , wherein the side strips are arranged vertically, and the crankshaft support base comprises a fixed center device and a movable center installed above the fixed center device. 7 . The fixed top device includes a base plate and a first top mounted on the base plate, the first top is set upward, and the movable top device includes an upper base plate, a spring, a limit pin and a second top, and the second top is aligned The first top is set downward, the second top can move up and down and is installed in the top through hole set on the upper seat plate, the spring is sleeved on the second center, the upper end surface of the spring is pressed against the bottom surface of the upper seat plate, and the limit pin is inserted through the upper seat plate. The pin through hole at the upper end of the second center is used to restrict the downward movement of the second center relative to the upper seat plate. The side strips and the lower end are respectively connected to the upper seat plate and the base plate. During measurement, the crankshaft is installed vertically on the first and second centers. between. 7. The detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to claim 6, wherein the movable top device is further provided with a lift drive mechanism, the lift drive mechanism is a lever mechanism, and the lever mechanism comprises a support rod and a The top end of the support rod is connected to the lever arm by the rotating shaft, the bottom end of the support rod is set on the upper seat plate, and the middle of the lever arm is provided with an elongated through hole for installing the rotating shaft. The inside of the hole can move along its length direction, one end of the lever arm is hinged with the upper end of the second top, and the other end of the lever arm is the force-applying end. 8. A method for measuring crankshaft main journal runout, comprising the step of erecting a crankshaft to be measured, and it is characterized in that it also comprises the steps of: determining the number of measuring tables, and using the same number of measuring rod-type measuring tables according to the number of crankshaft main journal sections; adjusting the measurement Gauge distance, install the measuring rod measuring table on the slide rail, and adjust the distance between the measuring rod measuring tables, so that the measuring head of each measuring rod measuring table is aligned with a main journal; The measuring rod-type measuring table is fixed on the slide rail; measure the reading, rotate the crankshaft to be measured, and obtain the runout deviation of each section of the main journal. 9 . The method for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to claim 8 , wherein the measuring rod type measuring table is a dial indicator. 10 .

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