CN111307488A - Linear rolling guide rail dynamic characteristic test device and test method - Google Patents

Abstract

A dynamic characteristic test device and a test method for a linear rolling guide rail are provided, the test device comprises: the supporting mechanism comprises a linear rolling guide rail supporting part and a linear rolling guide rail; the lateral loading mechanism is arranged on the horizontal plane, is positioned on the side surface of the linear rolling guide rail, and comprises a lateral force application unit and a lateral pulling unit; the vertical loading mechanism is arranged in a vertical plane, is positioned at the bottom of the linear rolling guide rail and comprises a vertical force application unit and a vertical pulling unit; the test method performed by the test device comprises the following steps: decomposing the external load into corresponding lateral load and vertical load, and converting the lateral load and the vertical load into spring compression; respectively measuring the distance between the lateral/vertical loading guide pillar baffle and the lateral/vertical loading guide pillar fixing plate; the difference between the initial distance and the loaded distance is calculated until the difference is the converted spring compression. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the dynamic characteristic test of the linear rolling guide rail under the action of external loads in different sizes and directions can be realized.

Description

A kind of test device and test method for dynamic characteristics of linear rolling guide

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of performance testing devices for general mechanical parts, in particular to a dynamic characteristic testing device and a testing method for linear rolling guide rails.

Background technique

Linear rolling guides are widely used in various CNC machine tools and are one of the core components of machine tools. At present, the most effective method to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the linear rolling guide is through the experimental test. The existing dynamic characteristics test device of linear rolling guide can only test the dynamic characteristics of linear rolling guide when it is not subjected to external load, and external load is an important factor affecting the dynamic characteristics of linear rolling guide, so it is necessary to design a The special test device can apply external loads of different sizes and directions to the linear rolling guide, and test the dynamic characteristics of the linear rolling guide when the linear rolling guide is subjected to external loads of different sizes and directions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a dynamic characteristic test device and measurement method of a linear rolling guide, which can not only apply external loads of different magnitudes and directions to the linear rolling guide, but also subject the linear rolling guide to external loads of different magnitudes and directions. When the load is applied, the dynamic characteristics of the test are tested. The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: first, the magnitude and direction of the external load applied to the linear rolling guide can be adjusted; second, the dynamic performance of the external load applying mechanism will not affect the dynamic characteristics of the linear rolling guide influences.

A linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes:

The supporting mechanism includes a linear rolling guide support part and a linear rolling guide, the linear rolling guide includes a linear guide and a slider, wherein the linear guide is installed on the support of the linear rolling guide, and the slider is slidably installed on the linear guide;

A side loading mechanism, which is arranged on a horizontal plane and is located on the side of the linear rolling guide rail, includes a lateral force applying unit and a lateral pulling unit, wherein the lateral force applying unit includes a lateral fixing part and a lateral stretching part, wherein The lateral fixing part is installed on the support part of the linear rolling guide to fix the lateral force-applying unit; the lateral stretching part is installed on the lateral fixing part, and the telescopic end of the lateral stretching part is connected with the lateral pulling unit through the lateral pulling unit. The sliders of the linear rolling guide are connected to apply side loading force to the linear rolling guide;

and a vertical loading mechanism, which is arranged in a vertical plane and is located at the bottom of the linear rolling guide rail, and includes a vertical force applying unit and a vertical pulling unit, and the telescopic end of the vertical force applying unit is rolled with the straight line through the vertical pulling unit. The sliders of the guide rail are connected to apply vertical loading force to the linear rolling guide.

The linear rolling guide support part includes a pair of fixed large platforms, guide rail support blocks, guide rail support block fixing screws, linear rolling guide rail fixing plates and linear rolling guide rail fixing plate screws. The fixed large platforms are arranged side by side, and there is space for installing linear rolling guide rails The test area is used to install the linear rolling guide; the guide rail support blocks are respectively arranged at the end faces opposite to the fixed large platform, and are fixed with the linear guide rail of the linear rolling guide through the guide support block fixing screws, so that the linear rolling guide frame is installed on the two The test area formed by the fixed large platform; the linear rolling guide fixed plate is arranged at the bottom of the linear guide, and is fixed to the linear guide by the linear rolling guide fixing plate screw, which is used to reinforce the linear rolling guide.

The lateral fixing part includes a lateral loading guide column fixing plate and a lateral loading guide column fixing plate fixing screw; the lateral stretching part includes a lateral loading guide column baffle plate, a lateral loading nut, a lateral spring guide column, The lateral compression spring and the lateral screw, the lateral loading guide column fixing plate and the lateral loading guide column baffle are arranged in parallel and facing each other, and are all parallel to the linear rolling guide rail; the lateral spring guide column is arranged on the side loading guide The end surface of the column fixing plate opposite to the side loading guide column baffle is used for installing a side compression spring; the side compression spring is arranged on the side loading guide column fixing plate and the side loading guide column stopper. between the plates, and the two ends of the lateral compression spring are respectively connected with the corresponding lateral spring guide columns; the lateral loading guide column fixing plate is arranged on the side close to the linear rolling guide, and the lateral loading guide column fixing plate is fixed by screws. It is installed on a large fixed platform; the two ends of the lateral screw penetrate through the lateral loading guide column fixing plate and the lateral loading guide column baffle respectively, one end of which is screwed with the lateral loading nut, and the other end is used as the telescopic end and the lateral pulling end. The unit is connected to provide lateral loading force to the slider of the linear rolling guide by pulling the unit laterally.

The side-pulling unit includes a side-loading rope fixing plate, a side-loading rope fixing plate screw nut and a side-loading rope, the side-loading rope fixing plate is installed on the telescopic end of the side screw, and is loaded by the side-loading The rope fixing plate screw nut is fixed to it; the side loading rope is placed on the side of the linear rolling guide, one end of the side loading rope is connected with the slider of the linear rolling guide, and the other end is connected to the side loading rope fixing plate, And keep the side loading rope in a straight and stressed state, which is used to laterally load the linear rolling guide.

The vertical force application unit includes a vertical loading guide column fixing plate, a vertical loading guide column baffle plate, a vertical loading nut, a vertical spring guide column, a vertical compression spring and a vertical screw rod, and the vertical loading guide column is fixed The plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle are arranged in parallel and facing each other, and are parallel to the linear rolling guide rail; For installing the vertical compression spring; the vertical compression spring is arranged between the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle plate, and the two ends of the vertical compression spring are respectively connected with the corresponding vertical spring guide columns. Connected; the two ends of the vertical screw penetrate through the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle respectively, one end of which is screwed with the vertical loading nut, and the other end is connected with the vertical pulling unit as a telescopic end, which is used for passing through the vertical loading nut. The vertical pulling unit provides vertical loading force to the slider of the linear rolling guide.

The vertical pulling unit includes a vertical loading rope fixing plate, a vertical loading rope fixing plate screw nut and a vertical loading rope. The rope fixing plate screw nut is fixed to it; the vertical loading rope is placed on the front of the linear rolling guide, one end of the vertical loading rope is connected with the slider of the linear rolling guide, and the other end is connected to the vertical loading rope fixing plate, And keep the vertical loading rope in a straight and stressed state, which is used for vertical loading of the linear rolling guide.

The end face facing the fixed large platform is provided with a trapezoidal groove for matching with the guide rail support block.

The bottom of the large fixed platform is provided with a depression for accommodating the vertical loading mechanism.

Utilize the test method of linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

1) First, decompose the specific external load F into the corresponding lateral load F _side and vertical load F _vertical , and convert the load into the corresponding lateral spring compression amount ε _side and vertical load through Hooke's law. The spring compression amount ε _vertical , where ε _side = F _side / k _side , ε _vertical = F _vertical / k _vertical , k _side and k _vertical respectively are the stiffness coefficients of the lateral and vertical springs, both are constants, the unit is is Newton/mm (N/mm), the unit of F, F _side and F _vertical are cattle (N), and the unit of ε _side and ε _vertical are all millimeters (mm);

2) Measure the initial distance d _side between the side loading guide column baffle and the side loading guide column fixing plate and the initial distance d _vertical between the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle, d _side and d _vertical units are millimeters (mm);

3) Rotate the side loading nut and the vertical loading nut respectively, and then measure the distance d′ after loading between the _side loading guide column baffle and the side loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading respectively. The distance d' _vertical after loading between the baffles of the loading guide column, the unit of d' _side and d' _vertical is millimeter (mm);

4) Calculate the difference between the initial distance in the two directions and the distance after loading respectively Δ _side = d _side - d' _side and Δ _vertical = d _vertical - d' _vertical , Δ _side and Δ _vertical are in millimeters (mm) until the difference Both are the converted spring compression, that is, Δ _side = ε _side and Δ _vertical = ε _vertical , and the dynamic characteristic test is carried out on this basis.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

First, the magnitude and direction of the external load applied to the linear rolling guide can be adjusted: a linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device of the present invention has two mutually perpendicular loading mechanisms (side loading mechanism, vertical loading mechanism), the magnitude of the loading force acting on the linear rolling guide can be adjusted by the respective loading nuts of the two loading mechanisms; the direction of the loading force acting on the linear rolling guide is the loading force generated by the two loading mechanisms The direction of the resultant force can be adjusted by adjusting the proportional relationship between the magnitudes of the loading forces generated by the two loading mechanisms;

Second, the dynamic performance of the external load application mechanism will not affect the dynamic characteristics of the linear rolling guide: a test device for the dynamic characteristics of the linear rolling guide of the present invention, two mutually perpendicular loading mechanisms (side loading mechanism, vertical (direction loading mechanism) are respectively connected with the linear rolling guide through flexible loading ropes, so that the dynamic effect of the loading mechanism on the dynamic characteristics of the linear rolling guide can be minimized (almost negligible).

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages and effects:

First, the present invention can apply external loads of different magnitudes and directions to the linear rolling guide, and test the dynamic characteristics of the linear rolling guide when the linear rolling guide is subjected to external loads of different magnitudes and directions. That is to test the dynamic characteristics of the linear rolling guide under external loads of different sizes and directions.

Second, the magnitude and direction of the external load applied to the linear rolling guide can be adjusted.

Third, the dynamic performance of the external load application mechanism will not affect the dynamic characteristics of the linear rolling guide.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device;

Figure 2 is a front view of a linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device;

Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of a dynamic characteristic test device of a linear rolling guide.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Refer to the attached picture:

Embodiment 1 A linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device according to the present invention includes:

The support mechanism includes a linear rolling guide support part and a linear rolling guide 6, the linear rolling guide 6 includes a linear guide and a slider, wherein the linear guide is installed on the support of the linear rolling guide, and the slider is slidably installed on the linear guide;

The side loading mechanism 1, which is arranged on a horizontal plane and is located on the side of the linear rolling guide rail, includes a lateral force applying unit and a lateral pulling unit, and the lateral force applying unit includes a lateral fixing part and a lateral stretching part, The lateral fixing part is installed on the support part of the linear rolling guide to fix the lateral force-applying unit; the lateral stretching part is installed on the lateral fixing part, and the telescopic end of the lateral stretching part passes through the lateral pulling unit It is connected with the slider of the linear rolling guide to apply side loading force to the linear rolling guide;

And the vertical loading mechanism 8, which is arranged in the vertical plane and located at the bottom of the linear rolling guide rail, includes a vertical force applying unit and a vertical pulling unit, and the telescopic end of the vertical force applying unit is connected to the straight line through the vertical pulling unit. The sliders of the rolling guide are connected to apply vertical loading force to the linear rolling guide.

The linear rolling guide rail support part includes a pair of fixed large platforms 7, guide rail support blocks 4, guide rail support block fixing screws 5, linear rolling guide rail fixing plates 2 and linear rolling guide rail fixing plate screws 3. The fixed large platforms are arranged side by side and leave There is a test area for installing linear rolling guides, which is used to install linear rolling guides; the guide rail support blocks are respectively arranged at the end faces opposite to the fixed large platform, and are fixed to the linear guide rails of the linear rolling guide through the guide rail support block fixing screws to make the linear rolling guide. The guide rail frame is installed in the test area formed by two fixed large platforms; the linear rolling guide rail fixing plate is arranged at the bottom of the linear rolling guide rail, and is fixed to the linear guide rail through the linear rolling guide rail fixing plate screw, which is used to reinforce the linear rolling guide rail.

The lateral fixing part includes a lateral loading guide column fixing plate 1-6 and a lateral loading guide column fixing plate fixing screw 1-5; the lateral stretching part includes a lateral loading guide column baffle 1-2, a lateral loading The loading nut 1-1, the lateral spring guide post 1-3, the lateral compression spring 1-4 and the lateral screw 1-7, the lateral loading guide post fixing plate and the side loading guide post baffle are parallel and facing are arranged in parallel with the linear rolling guide rails; the lateral spring guide posts are arranged on the end faces of the lateral loading guide post fixing plate and the side loading guide post baffle plate, which are used to install the lateral compression springs; The lateral compression spring is arranged between the lateral loading guide post fixing plate and the lateral loading guide post baffle plate, and both ends of the lateral compression spring are respectively connected with the corresponding lateral spring guide posts; the lateral loading guide posts are fixed The plate is arranged on the side near the linear rolling guide, and is installed on the fixed platform through the side loading guide column fixing plate fixing screw; the two ends of the side screw respectively penetrate the side loading guide column fixing plate, the side loading guide column One end of the baffle is screwed with the side loading nut, and the other end is connected with the side pulling unit as a telescopic end, and is used to provide a side loading force to the slider of the linear rolling guide through the side pulling unit.

The side pulling unit includes a side loading rope fixing plate 1-8, a side loading rope fixing plate screw nut 1-9 and a side loading rope 1-10, and the side loading rope fixing plate is installed on the side screw. The telescopic end of the side loading rope is fixed with the screw nut of the side loading rope fixing plate; the side loading rope is placed on the side of the linear rolling guide, one end of the side loading rope is connected with the slider of the linear rolling guide, and the other end is connected On the side-loading rope fixing plate, and keep the side-loading rope in a straight and stressed state, it is used for side-loading the linear rolling guide.

The vertical force application unit includes a vertical loading guide column fixing plate 8-5, a vertical loading guide column baffle 8-8, a vertical loading nut 8-9, a vertical spring guide column 8-7, a vertical compression The spring 8-6 and the vertical screw 8-4, the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle are arranged in parallel and facing each other, and are parallel to the linear rolling guide; the vertical spring guide column is set in the vertical loading The end face of the guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle plate is used to install the vertical compression spring; the vertical compression spring is arranged between the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle plate , and the two ends of the vertical compression spring are respectively connected with the corresponding vertical spring guide columns; the two ends of the vertical screw rod penetrate through the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle respectively, and one end is screwed to the vertical The loading nut is connected with the vertical pulling unit at the other end as a telescopic end, and is used to provide vertical loading force to the slider of the linear rolling guide through the vertical pulling unit.

The vertical pulling unit includes a vertical loading rope fixing plate 8-3, a vertical loading rope fixing plate screw nut 8-2 and a vertical loading rope 8-1, and the vertical loading rope fixing plate is installed on the vertical screw rod. The telescopic end of the vertical loading rope is fixed with the screw and nut of the vertical loading rope; On the vertical loading rope fixing plate, and keep the vertical loading rope in a straight and stressed state, it is used for vertical loading of the linear rolling guide.

The end face facing the fixed large platform is provided with a trapezoidal groove for matching with the guide rail support block.

The bottom of the large fixed platform is provided with a depression for accommodating the vertical loading mechanism.

Embodiment 2 The installation steps of the test device described in this embodiment:

(1) Place two fixed large platforms 7 in parallel as shown in accompanying drawing 1, by adjusting the distance between the two fixed large platforms 7, the holes of the guide rail support block 4 are respectively aligned with the trapezoidal grooves of the fixed large platforms on both sides, and through The guide rail support block fixing screw 5 is fixed;

(2) Align the threaded holes of the linear rolling guide 6 with the threaded holes on the guide rail support block 4, and fix them with the linear rolling guide fixing plate screws 3; fix the linear rolling guide fixing plate 2 with the linear rolling guide fixing plate screws 3 to Realize the reinforcement of the linear rolling guide 6;

(3) Assemble the side loading mechanism 1 and the vertical loading mechanism 8 respectively:

ⅰ. Fix the spring guide posts on the lateral/vertical loading guide post baffle plate and the lateral/vertical loading guide post fixing plate by screws, and set the spring between the spring guide posts;

ii. Pass the side screw through the middle holes of the side loading guide column fixing plate and the side loading guide column baffle in turn; the vertical screw passing through the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle in turn middle hole;

ⅲ. Fix the side loading rope fixing plate and the side screw by the side loading rope fixing plate screw nut; fix the vertical loading rope fixing plate and the vertical screw by the vertical loading rope fixing plate screw nut;

iv. The side loading rope passes through the hole on the side loading rope fixing plate and is fixed; the side loading rope passes through the hole on the side loading rope fixing plate and is fixed; the vertical loading rope passes through the vertical Load the hole on the rope fixing plate and fix it;

ⅴ. The side loading nut is connected with the threaded end of the side screw and placed on the side of the side loading guide column baffle without the guide column; the vertical loading nut is connected with the threaded end of the vertical screw and placed on the vertical loading guide column The side of the baffle without guide posts;

(4) Place the side loading rope on the side of the rolling linear guide, place the vertical loading rope on the front of the rolling linear guide, and move the side loading mechanism 1 and the vertical loading mechanism 8 so that the side loading rope and the vertical The loading ropes are all stretched and stressed, so that the side loading mechanism 1 and the vertical loading mechanism 8 can load the linear rolling guide laterally and vertically; after adjusting the position, use the side loading guide post fixing plate to fix it Screw fixing side loading guide column fixing plate;

(5) The lateral and vertical loading of the rolling linear guide rail is realized by rotating the side loading nut and the vertical loading nut, respectively. The specific working principle is: by rotating the side loading nut and the vertical loading nut, the side loading guide column baffle and the vertical loading guide column baffle compress the spring, and the lateral spring generates a reaction force on the side loading guide column baffle , the vertical compression spring produces a reaction force on the vertically loaded guide post baffle, the side loaded guide post baffle and the vertically loaded guide post baffle transmit force to the side loaded nut and the vertical loaded nut, and the side loaded nut and The vertical loading nut drives the lateral screw and the vertical screw, and finally the force is transmitted to the rolling linear guide through the loading ropes in the lateral loading mechanism 1 and the vertical loading mechanism 8, thereby realizing its lateral and vertical loading.

Embodiment 3 utilizes the test method of the linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device, comprising the following steps:

1) First, decompose the specific external load F into the corresponding lateral load F _side and vertical load F _vertical , and convert the load into the corresponding lateral spring compression amount ε _side and vertical load through Hooke's law. The spring compression amount ε _vertical , where ε _side = F _side / k _side , ε _vertical = F _vertical / k _vertical , k _side and k _vertical respectively are the stiffness coefficients of the lateral and vertical springs, both are constants, the unit is is Newton/mm (N/mm), the unit of F, F _side and F _vertical are cattle (N), and the unit of ε _side and ε _vertical are all millimeters (mm);

2) Measure the initial distance d _side between the side loading guide column baffle and the side loading guide column fixing plate and the initial distance d _vertical between the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column baffle, d _side and d _vertical units are millimeters (mm);

3) Rotate the side loading nut and the vertical loading nut respectively, and then measure the distance d′ after loading between the _side loading guide column baffle and the side loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading guide column fixing plate and the vertical loading respectively. The distance d' _vertical after loading between the baffles of the loading guide column, the unit of d' _side and d' _vertical is millimeter (mm);

4) Calculate the difference between the initial distance in the two directions and the distance after loading respectively Δ _side = d _side - d' _side and Δ _vertical = d _vertical - d' _vertical , Δ _side and Δ _vertical are in millimeters (mm) until the difference Both are the converted spring compression, that is, Δ _side = ε _side and Δ _vertical = ε _vertical , and the dynamic characteristic test is carried out on this basis.

The content described in the embodiments of the present specification is only an enumeration of the realization forms of the inventive concept, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention also includes those skilled in the art Equivalent technical means conceivable according to the inventive concept.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a linear rolling guide rail dynamic characteristic test device which characterized in that includes:

the supporting mechanism comprises a linear rolling guide rail supporting part and a linear rolling guide rail, wherein the linear rolling guide rail comprises a linear guide rail and a sliding block, the linear guide rail is arranged on the linear rolling guide rail supporting part, and the sliding block is arranged on the linear guide rail in a sliding manner;

the lateral loading mechanism is arranged on a horizontal plane, is positioned on the side surface of the linear rolling guide rail, and comprises a lateral force application unit and a lateral pulling unit, wherein the lateral force application unit comprises a lateral fixing part and a lateral stretching part, and the lateral fixing part is arranged on the linear rolling guide rail supporting part and is used for fixing the lateral force application unit; the lateral stretching part is arranged on the lateral fixing part, and the telescopic end of the lateral stretching part is connected with the slide block of the linear rolling guide rail through a lateral pulling unit and is used for applying lateral loading force to the linear rolling guide rail;

and the vertical loading mechanism is arranged in a vertical plane, is positioned at the bottom of the linear rolling guide rail and comprises a vertical force application unit and a vertical pulling unit, and the telescopic end of the vertical force application unit is connected with the sliding block of the linear rolling guide rail through the vertical pulling unit and is used for applying vertical loading force to the linear rolling guide rail.

2. The linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device according to claim 1, wherein: the linear rolling guide rail supporting part comprises a pair of large fixed platforms, guide rail supporting blocks, guide rail supporting block fixing screws, linear rolling guide rail fixing plates and linear rolling guide rail fixing plate screws, wherein the large fixed platforms are arranged side by side, and a test area for mounting the linear rolling guide rail is reserved for mounting the linear rolling guide rail; the guide rail supporting blocks are respectively arranged at the end faces opposite to the large fixed platforms and are fixedly connected with the linear guide rail of the linear rolling guide rail through guide rail supporting block fixing screws, so that the linear rolling guide rail is erected in a test area formed by the two large fixed platforms; the linear rolling guide rail fixing plate is arranged at the bottom of the linear guide rail, is fixedly connected with the linear guide rail through a linear rolling guide rail fixing plate screw and is used for reinforcing the linear rolling guide rail.

3. The linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device according to claim 1, wherein: the lateral fixing part comprises a lateral loading guide pillar fixing plate and a lateral loading guide pillar fixing plate fixing screw; the lateral stretching part comprises a lateral loading guide column baffle, a lateral loading nut, a lateral spring guide column, a lateral compression spring and a lateral screw rod, and the lateral loading guide column fixing plate and the lateral loading guide column baffle are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other and are parallel to the linear rolling guide rail; the lateral spring guide post is arranged on the end surface of the lateral loading guide post fixing plate opposite to the lateral loading guide post baffle and is used for mounting a lateral compression spring; the lateral compression spring is arranged between the lateral loading guide pillar fixing plate and the lateral loading guide pillar baffle, and two ends of the lateral compression spring are respectively connected with corresponding lateral spring guide pillars; the lateral loading guide pillar fixing plate is arranged on the side surface close to the linear rolling guide rail and is installed on the large fixing platform through a lateral loading guide pillar fixing plate fixing screw; and two end parts of the lateral screw rod respectively penetrate through the lateral loading guide pillar fixing plate and the lateral loading guide pillar baffle, one end of the lateral screw rod is in threaded connection with a lateral loading nut, and the other end of the lateral screw rod is used as a telescopic end and connected with a lateral pulling unit, and is used for providing lateral loading force for a sliding block of the linear rolling guide rail through the lateral pulling unit.

4. A linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the lateral pulling unit comprises a lateral loading rope fixing plate, a lateral loading rope fixing plate screw nut and a lateral loading rope, wherein the lateral loading rope fixing plate is installed at the telescopic end of the lateral screw rod and is fixed with the lateral loading rope fixing plate screw nut through the lateral loading rope fixing plate screw nut; the lateral loading rope is arranged on the side face of the linear rolling guide rail, one end of the lateral loading rope is connected with the sliding block of the linear rolling guide rail, the other end of the lateral loading rope is connected to the lateral loading rope fixing plate, and the lateral loading rope is kept in a stretched straight stressed state and used for carrying out lateral loading on the linear rolling guide rail.

5. A linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the vertical force application unit comprises a vertical loading guide pillar fixing plate, a vertical loading guide pillar baffle, a vertical loading nut, a vertical spring guide pillar, a vertical compression spring and a vertical screw rod, wherein the vertical loading guide pillar fixing plate and the vertical loading guide pillar baffle are arranged in parallel and are opposite to each other and are parallel to the linear rolling guide rail; the vertical spring guide pillar is arranged on the end face, opposite to the vertical loading guide pillar baffle, of the vertical loading guide pillar fixing plate and is used for mounting a vertical compression spring; the vertical compression spring is arranged between the vertical loading guide pillar fixing plate and the vertical loading guide pillar baffle, and two ends of the vertical compression spring are respectively connected with corresponding vertical spring guide pillars; two end parts of the vertical screw rod respectively penetrate through the vertical loading guide pillar fixing plate and the vertical loading guide pillar baffle, one end of the vertical screw rod is in threaded connection with the vertical loading nut, and the other end of the vertical screw rod is used as a telescopic end and is connected with the vertical pulling unit and used for providing vertical loading force for the sliding block of the linear rolling guide rail through the vertical pulling unit.

6. The linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test apparatus according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the vertical pulling unit comprises a vertical loading rope fixing plate, a vertical loading rope fixing plate screw nut and a vertical loading rope, wherein the vertical loading rope fixing plate is installed at the telescopic end of the vertical screw rod and is fixed with the vertical loading rope fixing plate screw nut through the vertical loading rope fixing plate screw nut; the vertical loading rope is arranged on the front face of the linear rolling guide rail, one end of the vertical loading rope is connected with the sliding block of the linear rolling guide rail, the other end of the vertical loading rope is connected to the vertical loading rope fixing plate, and the vertical loading rope is kept in a stretched straight stressed state and used for carrying out vertical loading on the linear rolling guide rail.

7. The linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test device according to claim 2, wherein: the end face opposite to the large fixed platform is provided with a trapezoidal groove for matching with the guide rail supporting block.

8. The linear rolling guide dynamic characteristic test apparatus according to claim 2 or 7, wherein: the bottom of the large fixed platform is provided with a recess for accommodating the vertical loading mechanism.

9. The test method by using the linear rolling guide rail dynamic characteristic test device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) firstly, the specific external load F is subjected to stress decomposition to be decomposed into corresponding side loads F_{Side wall}And vertical load F_{Hanging device}And converts the load into a corresponding lateral spring compression epsilon by Hooke's law_{Side wall}And vertical spring compression amount epsilon_{Hanging device}In which epsilon_{Side wall}＝F_{Side wall}/k_{Side wall}，ε_{Hanging device}＝F_{Hanging device}/k_{Hanging device}，k_{Side wall}And k_{Hanging device}The stiffness coefficients of the lateral spring and the vertical spring are constant and have unit of cattle/millimeter (N/mm), F, F_{Side wall}And F_{Hanging device}All units of (A) are cattle (N), epsilon_{Side wall}And ε_{Hanging device}The units of (a) are millimeters (mm);

2) respectively measuring the initial distance d between the lateral loading guide pillar baffle and the lateral loading guide pillar fixing plate_{Side wall}And the initial distance d between the vertical loading guide pillar fixing plate and the vertical loading guide pillar baffle plate_{Hanging device}，d_{Side wall}And d_{Hanging device}Units are millimeters (mm);

3) respectively rotating the lateral loading nut and the vertical loading nut, and then respectively measuring the loaded distance d 'between the lateral loading guide pillar baffle and the lateral loading guide pillar fixing plate'_{Side wall}And the post-loading distance d 'between the vertical loading guide pillar fixing plate and the vertical loading guide pillar baffle plate'_{Hanging device}，d′_{Side wall}And d'_{Hanging device}Units are millimeters (mm);

4) respectively calculating the difference delta between the two-directional initial distance and the loaded distance_{Side wall}＝d_{Side wall}-d′_{Side wall}And Δ_{Hanging device}＝d_{Hanging device}-d′_{Hanging device}，Δ_{Side wall}And Δ_{Hanging device}Units are millimeters (mm) until the difference is the converted spring compression, i.e., Δ_{Side wall}＝ε_{Side wall}And Δ_{Hanging device}＝ε_{Hanging device}And performing dynamic characteristic test based on the above.

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