CN111299691A - Upper tool rest and shearing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an upper tool rest and a shearing machine. The upper tool rest comprises an upper tool rest seat (1), an upper tool body (3) and a mechanical pressing mechanism (4). The mechanical pressing mechanism (4) It contains a main elastic part (403) and a pressing strip (408). The pressing strip (408) and the upper cutter body (3) are both located at the lower end of the upper tool rest seat (1). During the downward movement of the pressing bar (408), the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic component (403) on the pressing bar (408) gradually increases; ) during the upward movement, the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic component (403) on the pressing strip (408) gradually decreases. The upper tool rest adopts a mechanical pressing mechanism to realize the pressing of the steel plate sample without additional power source, that is, energy saving and environmental protection, low cost, stable performance, flexible use, convenience and reliability.

Description

An upper knife rest and shearing machine

technical field

The invention relates to the field of sheet metal processing equipment, in particular to an upper tool rest and a shearing machine including the upper tool rest.

Background technique

The finished plates produced by the medium and heavy plate workshop are of a certain length and size, and each batch or each piece of fixed-length plate needs to be left with a sample for further testing of its performance. Ruler shearing equipment, when each fixed-length plate is sheared, a small section of large sample will be cut. The sample is a steel plate of equal width, and the length is generally 150mm-400mm, and the final sample sample is only about 200x200mm. Sample, the equipment to complete the shearing of the sample material is the sample shearing equipment, which is usually equipped in the medium and heavy plate workshop.

The usual sample shearing equipment needs to be equipped with a compression device, which compresses the sample steel plate before shearing the steel plate to assist in stable shearing. The traditional pressing device adopts hydraulic pressing and pneumatic pressing, and the pneumatic pressing and hydraulic pressing require additional power source. Due to the insufficient compression force of the pneumatic compression structure, the relative displacement of the sample during shearing will affect the shearing quality; the hydraulic compression structure will cause the hydraulic cylinder to be compressed after a period of use due to vibration and other reasons. Oil spills pollute the environment and affect production.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problem that the existing pneumatic pressing and hydraulic pressing require an additional power source, the present invention provides an upper tool rest and a shearing machine, the upper tool rest and the shearing machine adopt a mechanical pressing mechanism, and the upper tool rest directly Drive the pressing device to move, and press the sample steel plate through the pressing spring installed on the upper tool holder. The power source of the traditional pressing mechanism is saved, and different pressing forces can be automatically applied to the sample steel plates of different thicknesses, which not only saves the shearing cycle, but also achieves the effect of energy saving and environmental protection.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: an upper tool rest, including an upper tool rest seat, an upper tool body and a mechanical pressing mechanism, the mechanical pressing mechanism includes a main elastic part and a pressing bar, and the pressing bar and the upper knife body are located at the lower end of the upper knife rest seat, and the pressing bar is located in front of the upper knife body. During the downward movement of the upper tool rest seat relative to the pressing bar, the direction applied by the main elastic component to the pressing bar is applied. The downward pressure gradually increases; during the upward movement of the upper tool rest seat relative to the pressure strip, the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic component on the pressure strip gradually decreases.

The main elastic part is sleeved with a guide rod, the lower end of the guide rod is hinged with the pressing bar through the pin shaft, and the pressing bar is arranged in parallel with the upper cutter body in front and back, and the main elastic part can be applied by the guide rod and the pin axially pressing the bar in turn. the downward pressure.

The guide rod is in an upright state, the guide rod passes through the upper tool rest seat, the main elastic part is located in the upper tool rest seat, the upper end of the guide rod is provided with an external thread, the upper end of the guide rod is provided with a locking nut, and the locking nut is located on the upper end of the guide rod. Outside the tool holder seat, the locking nut is clamped with the upper tool holder seat.

The lower end of the guide rod is provided with a hinged flat head, the lower jacket of the guide rod is provided with a washer, the washer is clamped with the hinged flat head, the main elastic part is a spring, one end of the main elastic part is in contact with the upper tool holder seat, and the The other end is in contact with the washer.

The mechanical pressing mechanism consists of two main elastic parts and two guide rods. The two main elastic parts and the two guide rods are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. The left and right ends of the pressing strip are provided with insertion grooves. located in the insertion groove.

The mechanical pressing mechanism also contains two auxiliary elastic parts. During the downward movement of the upper tool holder base relative to the pressing strip, the downward pressure exerted by the auxiliary elastic parts on the pressing strip gradually increases; Relative to the upward movement of the pressing bar, the downward pressure exerted by the auxiliary elastic component on the pressing bar gradually decreases.

The auxiliary elastic part is a spring, the upper part of the auxiliary elastic part is located in the upper tool rest seat, the upper end of the auxiliary elastic part is in contact with the upper tool rest seat, and the lower end of the auxiliary elastic part is in contact with the pressing strip.

The two auxiliary elastic parts are located between the two main elastic parts, the auxiliary elastic parts are sleeved with auxiliary guide rods, the lower ends of the auxiliary guide rods are connected and fixed with the pressing bars, and the lower ends of the pressing bars are provided with sliding plates.

The mechanical pressing mechanism also includes an upright guide sleeve and a positioning column. The guide sleeve is fixed in the upper tool holder seat, and the guide sleeve is sleeved outside the positioning column. The material of the guide sleeve is self-lubricating material, and the lower end of the positioning column is connected with the pressure bar Fixed, the positioning column and the guide sleeve have a clearance fit or transition fit.

A shearing machine, the shearing machine includes an upper tool rest and a lower tool rest arranged up and down, the upper tool rest is the above-mentioned upper tool rest, and the pressing bar of the mechanical pressing mechanism is located directly above the lower tool rest .

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the upper tool rest and the shearing machine use a mechanical pressing mechanism to make the sample shearing, shearing and pressing synchronously, and can automatically apply different pressing forces according to the sample steel plates of different thicknesses. The mechanism cuts the steel plate sample through the pressing force of the spring, without additional power source, energy saving and environmental protection.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a front perspective schematic diagram of the shearing machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic rear perspective view of the shearing machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front perspective schematic diagram of the upper tool rest according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic rear perspective view of the upper tool rest according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a rear view of the upper tool rest according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a top view of the upper tool rest according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A direction in FIG. 6 .

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 6 .

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the mechanical pressing mechanism in the upper tool holder.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a mechanical pressing mechanism.

1. Upper tool holder; 2. Lower tool holder; 3. Upper tool body; 4. Mechanical pressing mechanism; 5. Sample steel plate;

401, guide rod; 402, lock nut; 403, main elastic part; 404, guide sleeve; 405, auxiliary elastic part; 406, auxiliary guide rod; 407, pin shaft; 408, compression strip; 409, positioning column; 410, slide plate; 411, hinged flat head; 412, washer.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

An upper tool rest includes an upper tool rest seat 1, an upper tool body 3 and a mechanical pressing mechanism 4. The mechanical pressing mechanism 4 contains a main elastic component 403 and a pressing bar 408. The pressing bar 408 and the upper tool body 3 are both Located at the lower end of the upper tool holder base 1, the pressing bar 408 is located in front of the upper cutter body 3. During the downward movement of the upper tool holder base 1 relative to the pressing bar 408, the main elastic member 403 exerts a force on the pressing bar 408. The downward pressure gradually increases; during the upward movement of the upper tool holder base 1 relative to the pressing bar 408, the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic component 403 on the pressing bar 408 gradually decreases, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 . shown.

The lower tool rest 2 always remains fixed, the upper tool body 3 always remains stationary relative to the upper tool rest base 1, the pressing strip 408 can move up and down relative to the upper tool rest base 1, and the upper tool rest base 1 can pass through the main elastic component. 403 applies downward pressure to the pinch bar 408. When the sample steel plate 5 is sheared, both the upper cutter body 3 and the mechanical pressing mechanism 4 move downward with the upper cutter holder base 1 . After the upper cutter body 3 and the mechanical pressing mechanism 4 are in contact with the sample steel plate 5, the upper cutter body 3 continues to move downward with the upper tool rest seat 1, and the compression bar 408 and the lower tool rest 2 clamp the sample steel plate 5, and press the sample steel plate 5. The tension bar 408 is stationary relative to the lower tool rest 2, and the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic member 403 on the compression bar 408 presses the sample steel plate 5. The upper body 3 of the upper tool rest and the lower part of the lower tool rest 2. The cutter body cooperates with the shearing sample steel plate 5, and as the upper cutter holder 1 continues to move downward, the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic member 403 on the pressing strip 408 gradually increases. When the shearing of the sample steel plate 5 is completed, the upper tool holder 1 moves upward, and the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic member 403 on the pressing bar 408 gradually decreases until the pressing bar 408 is separated from the sample steel plate 5 .

In this embodiment, the main elastic member 403 is a spring, and the main elastic member 403 is sleeved with a guide rod 401 . The lower end of the guide rod 401 is hinged with the pressing bar 408 through a pin shaft 407 , and the axis of the pin shaft 407 is arranged in the front-rear direction. , the pressing bar 408 is arranged in parallel with the upper cutter body 3 in front and back, and the main elastic component 403 can apply the downward pressure to the pressing bar 408 through the guide rod 401 and the pin shaft 407 in turn. The function of the guide rod 401 is to ensure that the pressing bar 408 can move in the vertical direction.

In this embodiment, the guide rod 401 is in an upright state, the guide rod 401 passes through the upper tool rest seat 1, and the upper tool rest seat 1 uses a mounting hole for installing the guide rod 401 and the main elastic member 403, and the main elastic member 403 Located in the upper tool rest seat 1, the upper end of the guide rod 401 is provided with an external thread, the upper end of the guide rod 401 is provided with a locking nut 402, the locking nut 402 is located outside the upper tool rest seat 1, and the locking nut 402 is connected with the upper knife Holder 1 is snapped. The lock nut 402 can prevent the guide rod 401 from separating from the upper tool holder base 1, and the lock nut 402 can also adjust the distance between the pressing strip 408 and the upper tool holder base 1, as shown in Figure 7, Figure 9 and Figure 10 .

In this embodiment, the lower end of the guide rod 401 is provided with a hinged flat head 411 , the hinged flat head 411 of the guide rod 401 is hinged with the end of the pressing bar 408 through the pin 407 , and the lower jacket of the guide rod 401 is provided with a washer 412 , the washer 412 is engaged with the hinged flat head 411 , the upper end of the main elastic member 403 is abutted with the upper tool holder base 1 , and the lower end of the main elastic member 403 is abutted with the washer 412 . The upper tool holder base 1 can apply downward pressure to the pressing bar 408 through the main elastic part 403 , the washer 412 , the hinged flat head 411 and the pin shaft 407 in sequence.

In this embodiment, the mechanical pressing mechanism 4 includes two main elastic parts 403 and two guide rods 401 , the two main elastic parts 403 and the two guide rods 401 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and the two guide rods 401 are in one-to-one correspondence The bottom is sleeved in the two main elastic parts 403, the left and right ends of the pressing bar 408 are provided with insertion grooves, the lower end of the guide rod 401 is located in the insertion groove, and the hinged flat head 411 at the lower end of the guide rod 401 located in the insertion groove. The two main elastic parts 403 and the two guide rods 401 are both symmetrically arranged to keep the pressing bar 408 horizontal.

In this embodiment, the mechanical pressing mechanism 4 also includes two auxiliary elastic parts 405 . During the downward movement of the upper tool holder base 1 relative to the pressing bar 408 , the auxiliary elastic parts 405 exert a force on the pressing bar 408 . The downward pressure gradually increases; during the upward movement of the upper tool holder base 1 relative to the pressing bar 408, the downward pressure exerted by the auxiliary elastic member 405 on the pressing bar 408 gradually decreases. Adding an auxiliary elastic member 405 to the main elastic member 403 can ensure that the pressing bar 408 can press the sample steel plate 5 stably.

In this embodiment, the auxiliary elastic member 405 is a spring, the upper part of the auxiliary elastic member 405 is located in the upper tool holder base 1, the upper end of the auxiliary elastic member 405 is in contact with the upper tool holder base 1, and the lower end of the auxiliary elastic member 405 is in contact with the pressure The tight strip 408 abuts. The two auxiliary elastic parts 405 are located between the two main elastic parts 403. The auxiliary elastic parts 405 are sleeved with auxiliary guide rods 406. The lower ends of the auxiliary guide rods 406 are connected and fixed with the pressing bars 408. There are skateboards 410.

The upper tool rest seat 1 is provided with mounting holes for mounting the auxiliary elastic member 405 and the auxiliary guide rod 406 , as shown in FIG. 7 . Both the auxiliary elastic member 405 and the auxiliary guide rod 406 are in an upright state, and the main elastic member 403 and the auxiliary elastic member 405 are both in a pre-compressed state during installation, which are used for auxiliary compression to make the compression force more uniform. The sliding plate 410 is replaceable for operation and is made of existing copper-based materials, such as copper plate or copper alloy plate.

In this embodiment, the mechanical pressing mechanism 4 also includes an upright guide sleeve 404 and a positioning column 409. The guide sleeve 404 is fixed in the upper tool holder base 1, the guide sleeve 404 is sleeved outside the positioning column 409, and the upper tool holder base 1. There are installation holes for installing the guide sleeve 404 and the positioning column 409. The material of the guide sleeve 404 is the existing self-lubricating material. The lower end of the positioning column 409 is connected and fixed with the pressing strip 408. Clearance or transition fit, as shown in Figure 7.

The axis of the positioning column 409 , the axis of the auxiliary guide rod 406 and the axis of the guide rod 401 are all located in the same vertical plane, and the guide sleeve 404 is located between the two auxiliary elastic parts 405 . During the pressing process, the positioning column 409 can move in the vertical direction along the guide sleeve 404 installed in the upper tool holder base 1 to play a vertical positioning function and avoid pressing due to the deviation of the position of the sample steel plate 5 Bar 408 is unbalanced.

A shearing machine is described below. The shearing machine includes an upper tool rest and a lower tool rest 2 arranged up and down, the upper tool rest is the above-mentioned upper tool rest, and the pressing bar 408 of the mechanical pressing mechanism 4 is located at the bottom Right above the tool holder 2, as shown in Figures 1 to 6.

If there is still unknown about the shearing machine, you can refer to (Chinese Patent CN 104209575A, published on December 17, 2014, "A Start-Stop-Type Intelligent Environmental Protection Shearing Equipment for Steel Plate Samples"), the present invention The rest of the technical features can be the same as those of the patent, and will not be repeated in the present invention.

The working process of the upper tool rest and the shearing machine is described below.

When the sample steel plate 5 is sheared, the crankshaft drives the upper tool holder to move downward, and both the upper tool body 3 and the mechanical pressing mechanism 4 move downward with the upper tool holder base 1 . After the upper cutter body 3 and the mechanical pressing mechanism 4 are in contact with the sample steel plate 5, the upper cutter body 3 continues to move downward with the upper tool rest seat 1, and the upper tool rest seat 1 will generate the main elastic part 403 and the auxiliary elastic part 405. Compression, thereby generating a pressing force, which makes the pressing bar 408 clamp the sample steel plate 5 with the lower tool holder 2, the pressing bar 408 is stationary relative to the lower tool holder 2, and the main elastic member 403 is opposite to the pressing bar 408. The applied downward pressure compresses the sample steel plate 5, and as the upper tool holder 1 continues to move downward, the upper tool body 3 of the upper tool holder overlaps with the lower tool body of the lower tool holder 2 to realize the shear test. Like steel plate 5, the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic member 403 on the pressing bar 408 gradually increases. When the shearing of the sample steel plate 5 is completed, the crankshaft drives the upper tool rest to move upward, the upper tool body 3 of the upper tool rest and the lower tool body of the lower tool rest 2 no longer overlap, the main elastic part 403 and the auxiliary elastic part 405 The downward pressure applied to the hold-down bar 408 is gradually reduced until the hold-down bar 408 is detached from the sample steel plate 5 .

The mechanical pressing mechanism 4 presses and positions the sample steel plate 5 in the vertical direction, and can automatically apply different pressing forces to the sample steel plates 5 of different thicknesses (the size of the pressing force is proportional to the thickness of the sample steel plate 5 ). Proportional, that is, the thicker the sample steel plate 5, the greater the compression amount of the main elastic part 403 and the auxiliary elastic part 405, thereby generating a larger pressing force to ensure effective pressing).

In order to facilitate understanding and description, absolute positional relationship is used in the present invention to describe, wherein the azimuth "up" represents the upper direction in Fig. 5, "down" represents the lower direction in Fig. 5, and "left" represents the 5, "right" means the right direction in Figure 5, "front" means the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of Figure 5 and pointing to the inside of the paper surface, "rear" means perpendicular to the paper surface of Figure 5 and Point in the direction of the outside of the page. The present invention is described using the viewing angle of a user or an operator, but the above-mentioned orientation words should not be understood or interpreted as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

The above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and cannot limit the scope of implementation of the invention. Therefore, the replacement of equivalent components, or the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent protection of the present invention should still be covered by this patent. category. In addition, technical features and technical features, technical features and technical solutions, and technical solutions and technical solutions in the present invention can be freely combined and used.

Claims (10)

1. An upper tool rest, characterized in that the upper tool rest comprises an upper tool rest seat (1), an upper tool body (3) and a mechanical pressing mechanism (4), and the mechanical pressing mechanism (4) contains a main The elastic part (403) and the pressing strip (408), the pressing strip (408) and the upper cutter body (3) are both located at the lower end of the upper tool holder seat (1), and the pressing strip (408) is located on the upper cutter body (3) ), during the downward movement of the upper tool rest seat (1) relative to the pressing bar (408), the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic component (403) on the pressing bar (408) gradually increases; During the upward movement of the upper tool rest seat (1) relative to the pressing bar (408), the downward pressure exerted by the main elastic component (403) on the pressing bar (408) gradually decreases. 2. The upper tool rest according to claim 1, wherein the main elastic component (403) is sleeved with a guide rod (401), and the lower end of the guide rod (401) passes through the pin shaft (407) and the pressing bar (408) Hinged, the pressing strip (408) is arranged in parallel with the upper cutter body (3) front and rear, and the main elastic component (403) can be applied to the pressing strip (408) through the guide rod (401) and the pin (407) in turn the downward pressure. 3. The upper tool rest according to claim 2, wherein the guide rod (401) is in an upright state, the guide rod (401) passes through the upper tool rest seat (1), and the main elastic component (403) is located on the upper tool Inside the frame seat (1), the upper end of the guide rod (401) is provided with an external thread, the upper end of the guide rod (401) is covered with a locking nut (402), and the locking nut (402) is located on the upper tool rest seat (1) In addition, the locking nut (402) is clamped with the upper tool rest seat (1). 4. The upper tool rest according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower end of the guide rod (401) is provided with a hinged flat head (411), the lower outer casing of the guide rod (401) is provided with a washer (412), and the washer ( 412) is clamped with the hinged flat head (411), the main elastic part (403) is a spring, one end of the main elastic part (403) is in contact with the upper tool rest seat (1), and the other end of the main elastic part (403) The gasket (412) abuts. 5. The upper tool holder according to claim 2, wherein the mechanical pressing mechanism (4) comprises two main elastic parts (403) and two guide rods (401), and two main elastic parts (403) The left and right ends of the pressing bar (408) are provided with insertion grooves, and the lower ends of the guide rods (401) are located in the insertion grooves. 6. The upper tool holder according to claim 5, characterized in that the mechanical pressing mechanism (4) further comprises two auxiliary elastic parts (405), and the upper tool holder seat (1) is opposite to the pressing bar (408) ) during the downward movement, the downward pressure exerted by the auxiliary elastic component (405) on the pressing bar (408) gradually increases; in the process of the upper tool holder seat (1) moving upward relative to the pressing bar (408) In the middle, the downward pressure exerted by the auxiliary elastic member (405) on the pressing strip (408) gradually decreases. 7. The upper tool holder according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary elastic member (405) is a spring, the upper part of the auxiliary elastic member (405) is located in the upper tool holder seat (1), and the auxiliary elastic member (405) The upper end of the auxiliary elastic member (405) is in contact with the upper tool rest seat (1), and the lower end of the auxiliary elastic member (405) is in contact with the pressing strip (408). 8. The upper tool rest according to claim 7, wherein the two auxiliary elastic parts (405) are located between the two main elastic parts (403), and the auxiliary elastic parts (405) are sleeved with auxiliary guide rods (406), the lower end of the auxiliary guide rod (406) is connected and fixed with the pressing bar (408), and the lower end of the pressing bar (408) is provided with a sliding plate (410). 9. The upper tool holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical pressing mechanism (4) further comprises an upright guide sleeve (404) and a positioning column (409), and the guide sleeve (404) is fixed on the upper tool holder Inside the seat (1), the guide sleeve (404) is sleeved on the outside of the positioning column (409). The positioning post (409) is in clearance fit or transition fit with the guide sleeve (404). 10. A shearing machine, characterized in that the shearing machine comprises an upper tool rest and a lower tool rest (2) arranged up and down, the upper tool rest is the upper tool rest according to claim 1, and the mechanical pressure The pressing strip (408) of the pressing mechanism (4) is located just above the lower tool rest (2).

Images