CN111270103A - TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111270103A CN111270103A CN202010191847.8A CN202010191847A CN111270103A CN 111270103 A CN111270103 A CN 111270103A CN 202010191847 A CN202010191847 A CN 202010191847A CN 111270103 A CN111270103 A CN 111270103A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/007—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt with a light metal (alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; earth alkali metal Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al Ga, Ge, Ti) or B, Si, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, lanthanides, actinides, as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material and a preparation process thereof. The composite porous material has a spongy open pore structure, the components of the composite porous material mainly comprise metal Ni, TiC particles are added to serve as a reinforcing phase, the mass content of the reinforcing phase is 5% -45%, the pore size and the porosity are controllable, the composite porous material has excellent mechanical properties and higher service temperature, and can be applied to the fields of energy absorption and shock absorption, high-temperature filtration, centrifugal filtration and the like. The composite porous material is realized by the following technical scheme: mixing Ni powder and TiC powder in a certain proportion to prepare slurry, immersing an organic sponge template into the slurry for dipping and slurry hanging, drying to obtain a green body, and sintering under atmosphere protection to obtain the TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of porous materials and preparation methods thereof, in particular to a TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The metal sponge is a porous metal material with a sponge-like structure, a large number of communicated holes are distributed in a matrix, and the metal sponge has a large specific surface area. Compared with compact metal materials, the metal sponge has the advantages of large adsorption capacity, good air permeability, low density and high chemical activity, and can be used in the fields of filters, catalyst supports, porous electrodes, energy absorbers, shock absorbers, electromagnetic shielding or compatible elements, heat exchangers and the like. In many cases, the metal sponge has both functional characteristics and a certain bearing capacity, and is a structural-functional integrated engineering material.
The metal sponge is limited by the strength, hardness, wear resistance, temperature resistance and the like of the metal material, and the metal sponge has obvious defects in the aspects of temperature resistance, pressure resistance, erosion resistance and the like. From the viewpoint of improving the properties of metals, a common method is to add a ceramic particle reinforcing phase to a metal matrix to prepare a metal matrix composite, and various ceramic/metal composites of different compositions have been widely usedThe application is wide. Invention patent' a TiC/TiN/B4C particle reinforced nickel-based composite material and preparation method thereof (application number: CN201910390415.7) disclose a ceramic reinforced nickel-based composite material, which obviously improves the hardness and wear resistance of the material through particle reinforcement. However, the currently prepared particle reinforced metal matrix composite is a compact block material, and in order to improve the mechanical properties of the composite, the defects of pores and the like are always avoided as much as possible in the preparation process. For metal sponge, the pores are the structural characteristics and application characteristics of the material, and the process for preparing the compact composite material is obviously not suitable for preparing the porous composite material.
The prior art for preparing the porous metal material comprises the following steps: ion deposition, infiltration casting, melt foaming, metal deposition, fiber sintering, and the like, but these methods produce porous materials containing only metal components, i.e., porous materials composed of pure metals or alloys are obtained. For example, patent "metallic porous body" (application number: cn201820339945.x) discloses a method for preparing a three-dimensional continuous network porous metal. On the basis of the preparation process of the porous metal material, the development of a new preparation process of the particle reinforced metal matrix composite porous material with simple process, low cost and excellent performance becomes necessary requirements for improving the performance of the porous metal and expanding the application field of the porous metal. Based on the above, the invention discloses a TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material and a preparation process thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material and a preparation process thereof, and improving the mechanical property of the porous material under the condition of not changing the structure of the porous material.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide a TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material, which is composed of Ni and TiC, has an open pore structure, the pore size is 30 PPI-90 PPI, the porosity is 70-90%, and the mass content of a TiC reinforced phase is 5-45%; meanwhile, the preparation process of the composite porous material is provided, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing Ni powder, TiC powder, a solvent and a binder in a certain proportion to prepare slurry;
2) immersing the organic sponge template into the slurry for dipping and slurry hanging, and drying to obtain a composite porous material green body;
3) and sintering the green body in a furnace to obtain the TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material.
Preferably, the particle diameters of the Ni powder and the TiC powder in the step 1) are 5-200 μm, the solvent is deionized water or ethanol, the binder is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and the mass concentration of the binder in a solution prepared by the binder and the solvent is 1-8%; the mixing method is ball milling or magnetic stirring, and the solid phase content of the slurry is 40-60%.
Preferably, the template in the step 2) is polyurethane sponge, and the pore size is 20 PPI-60 PPI; the slurry coating method comprises the following steps: immersing the porous template in the slurry, taking out and discharging the redundant slurry, drying and then repeatedly coating the slurry to increase the weight of the template by 0.30g/cm3～0.65g/cm3(ii) a The drying method is room temperature natural drying or oven heating drying.
Preferably, the sintering process in step 3) is as follows: heating to 1300-1700 ℃ in argon, nitrogen or vacuum environment, and preserving heat for 0.5-2 h.
The invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the framework of the composite porous material prepared by the invention is composed of Ni and TiC, metal Ni is used as a matrix, the mass content of a TiC reinforcing phase is 5-45%, the composite porous material is of an open pore structure, the porosity range is 70-90%, and the apparent density is 0.80g/cm3～2.20g/cm3The pore size is 30 PPI-90 PPI, and the tensile strength is 0.7 MPa-6.2 MPa. The composite porous material prepared by the invention improves the mechanical property through particle reinforcement, increases the use temperature, has better erosion resistance, has simple and convenient preparation process and low cost, can be structurally designed according to requirements, and can be widely applied to the fields of energy absorption and shock absorption, high-temperature filtration, centrifugal filtration and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial physical diagram of a sample of the composite porous material prepared in example two.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above description.
Example one
Selecting organic sponge with pore size of 20PPI as template, and cutting into 60 × 25 × 10mm3Long strips; weighing 85 g of Ni powder with the average particle size of 50 microns, 15 g of TiC powder with the average particle size of 50 microns and 80g of PVB ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 8%, mixing, and performing roller ball milling for 8 hours to obtain slurry; putting the sponge into the slurry for full impregnation, taking out and removing redundant slurry remained between the sponge pore ribs, drying, and repeating the impregnation for multiple times until the weight of the sponge is increased by 4.65 g to obtain a green body; and (3) putting the green body into a furnace, heating to 1600 ℃ under the protection of argon, preserving heat for 1h, and cooling to obtain the TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material.
The porosity of the composite porous material sample prepared in the above way was 82.1%, the volume shrinkage was 71.6%, and the apparent density was 1.09g/cm3The tensile strength was 2.7 MPa.
Example two
Selecting organic sponge with pore size of 35PPI as template, and cutting into 60 × 25 × 10mm3Long strips; weighing 55 g of Ni powder with the average particle size of 5 microns, 45 g of TiC powder with the average particle size of 150 microns and 125 g of PVA aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 8%, mixing, and magnetically stirring for 12 hours to prepare slurry; putting the sponge into the slurry for full impregnation, taking out and removing redundant slurry remained between the sponge pore ribs, drying, and repeating the impregnation for multiple times until the weight of the sponge is increased by 6.82 g to obtain a green body; and (3) putting the green body into a furnace, heating to 1300 ℃ under the protection of argon, preserving heat for 2 hours, and cooling to obtain the TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material.
The porosity of the prepared composite porous material sample is 89.3%, and the volume shrinkage rate is as follows: 54.5% and an apparent density of 0.88g/cm3The tensile strength was 0.7 MPa.
EXAMPLE III
Selecting organic sponge with pore size of 50PPI as template, and cutting into 60 × 25 × 10mm3Long strips; weighing 95 g of Ni powder with the average particle size of 200 microns, 5g of TiC powder with the average particle size of 50 microns and 150 g of PVB ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 1%, mixing, and performing roller ball milling for 10 hours to prepare slurry; putting the sponge into the slurry for full impregnation, taking out and removing redundant slurry remained between the sponge pore ribs, drying, and repeating the impregnation for multiple times until the weight of the sponge is increased by 6.16 g to obtain a green body; and (3) putting the green body into a furnace, heating to 1700 ℃ under the protection of argon, preserving heat for 0.5h, and cooling to obtain the TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material.
The porosity of the composite porous material sample prepared above was 71.8%, and the volume shrinkage was: 81.2% and an apparent density of 2.18g/cm3The tensile strength was 6.2 MPa.
Example four
Selecting organic sponge with pore size of 60PPI as template, and cutting into 60 × 25 × 10mm3Long strips; weighing 67.5 g of Ni powder with the average particle size of 100 microns, 22.5 g of TiC powder with the average particle size of 200 microns and 60 g of PVA aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 2%, mixing, and performing roller ball milling for 8 hours to prepare slurry; putting the sponge into the slurry for full impregnation, taking out and removing redundant slurry remained between the sponge pore ribs, drying, and repeating the impregnation for multiple times until the weight of the sponge is increased by 8.24 g to obtain a green body; and (3) putting the green body into a furnace, heating to 1375 ℃ under the protection of argon, preserving heat for 1.5h, and cooling to obtain the TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material.
The porosity of the prepared composite porous material sample is 80.3%, and the volume shrinkage rate is as follows: 56.1% and an apparent density of 1.25g/cm3The tensile strength was 3.9 MPa.
EXAMPLE five
Selecting organic sponge with pore size of 60PPI as template, and cutting into 60 × 25 × 10mm3Long strips; 60 g of Ni powder with the average particle size of 150 microns, 40 g of TiC powder with the average particle size of 5 microns and 100 g of PVB ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 4 percent are weighed and mixed, and then the mixture is stirred for 8 hours by magnetic forcePreparing slurry; putting the sponge into the slurry for full impregnation, taking out and removing redundant slurry remained between the sponge pore ribs, drying, and repeating the impregnation for multiple times until the weight of the sponge is increased by 9.68 g to obtain a green body; and (3) putting the green body into a furnace, heating to 1500 ℃ under the protection of argon, preserving heat for 1h, and cooling to obtain the TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material.
The porosity of the composite porous material sample prepared above was 76.8%, and the volume shrinkage was: 61.6% and an apparent density of 1.66g/cm3The tensile strength was 5.0 MPa.
Claims (4)
1. A TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material and a preparation process thereof are characterized in that: the composite porous material is composed of Ni and TiC, has an open pore structure, has a pore size of 30 PPI-90 PPI (Pores Per Inc), a porosity of 70-90% and a TiC reinforcing phase mass content of 5-45%; the preparation process comprises the following steps:
1) mixing Ni powder, TiC powder, a solvent and a binder in a certain proportion to prepare slurry;
2) immersing the organic sponge template into the slurry for dipping and slurry hanging, and drying to obtain a composite porous material green body;
3) and sintering the green body in a furnace to obtain the TiC particle reinforced Ni composite porous material.
2. The TiC particle-reinforced Ni composite porous material and the preparation process thereof of claim 1, wherein the TiC particle-reinforced Ni composite porous material is prepared by the following steps: step 1), the particle diameters of the Ni powder and the TiC powder are 5-200 mu m, the solvent is deionized water or ethanol, the binder is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and the mass concentration of the binder in a solution prepared by the binder and the solvent is 1-8%; the mixing method is ball milling or magnetic stirring, and the solid phase content of the slurry is 40-60%.
3. The TiC particle-reinforced Ni composite porous material and the preparation process thereof of claim 1, wherein the TiC particle-reinforced Ni composite porous material is prepared by the following steps: step 2) the template is polyurethane sponge with the pore size of20 PPI-60 PPI; the dipping and slurry hanging method comprises the following steps: immersing the sponge template in the slurry, taking out and discharging the redundant slurry, drying and then repeatedly coating the slurry to increase the weight of the template by 0.30g/cm3～0.65g/cm3(ii) a The drying method is room temperature natural drying or oven heating drying.
4. The TiC particle-reinforced Ni composite porous material and the preparation process thereof of claim 1, wherein the TiC particle-reinforced Ni composite porous material is prepared by the following steps: step 3) the sintering process comprises the following steps: heating to 1300-1700 ℃ in argon, nitrogen or vacuum environment, and preserving heat for 0.5-2 h.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111719062A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-29 | 北京交通大学 | TiC/stainless steel composite porous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112899510A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-04 | 山东科技大学 | In-situ reaction synthesis method of TiC/Ni composite material |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52142698A (en) * | 1976-05-21 | 1977-11-28 | Yoshinobu Kobayashi | Process for producing titanium carbide system powder for ultraahigh hardness alloy haging good sintering property |
| CN106319288A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Directly-introduced and in-situ generated TiC particle commonly-enhanced nickel-base composite and preparing method and application thereof |
| CN106830980A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 莱芜市南洋多孔材料有限公司 | A kind of method that use foam impregnation high temperature sintering prepares porous silicon carbide titanium ceramics |
| CN110590367A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-20 | 北京交通大学 | Organic template dip forming-pressureless sintering preparation method of gradient TiC porous ceramic |
-
2020
- 2020-03-18 CN CN202010191847.8A patent/CN111270103A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52142698A (en) * | 1976-05-21 | 1977-11-28 | Yoshinobu Kobayashi | Process for producing titanium carbide system powder for ultraahigh hardness alloy haging good sintering property |
| CN106319288A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Directly-introduced and in-situ generated TiC particle commonly-enhanced nickel-base composite and preparing method and application thereof |
| CN106830980A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 莱芜市南洋多孔材料有限公司 | A kind of method that use foam impregnation high temperature sintering prepares porous silicon carbide titanium ceramics |
| CN110590367A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-20 | 北京交通大学 | Organic template dip forming-pressureless sintering preparation method of gradient TiC porous ceramic |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111719062A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-29 | 北京交通大学 | TiC/stainless steel composite porous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112899510A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-04 | 山东科技大学 | In-situ reaction synthesis method of TiC/Ni composite material |
| CN112899510B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-10-19 | 山东科技大学 | In-situ reaction synthesis method of TiC/Ni composite material |
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