CN111267411A - Vibrating diaphragm composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Vibrating diaphragm composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111267411A
CN111267411A CN202010189623.3A CN202010189623A CN111267411A CN 111267411 A CN111267411 A CN 111267411A CN 202010189623 A CN202010189623 A CN 202010189623A CN 111267411 A CN111267411 A CN 111267411A
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parts
layer
film layer
aerogel
mass
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林伟强
高勇
朱杭丽
郑赋军
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ZHEJIANG PENGYUAN NEW MATERIAL CO Ltd
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ZHEJIANG PENGYUAN NEW MATERIAL CO Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29D7/01—Films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/041—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/122—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/125—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising a plurality of superposed layers in contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/212—Electromagnetic interference shielding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/023—Diaphragms comprising ceramic-like materials, e.g. pure ceramic, glass, boride, nitride, carbide, mica and carbon materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/025—Diaphragms comprising polymeric materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/027—Diaphragms comprising metallic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/029—Diaphragms comprising fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite films, in particular to a vibrating diaphragm composite material and a preparation method thereof. The vibrating diaphragm composite layer disclosed by the invention is high in strength and rigidity, has better effects of shock absorption, noise reduction, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is worthy of popularization and application.

Description

Vibrating diaphragm composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite membranes, in particular to a vibrating diaphragm composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A speaker is an important acoustic component in an electronic device, and is a sound reinforcement device that converts a sound wave signal into a sound signal and transmits the sound signal. A loudspeaker usually includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system, the vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil which are combined together, and the diaphragm is one of the important parts of the loudspeaker, and has a crucial effect on the sound reproduction performance of the loudspeaker, and determines the quality of the conversion of the loudspeaker from electrical energy to acoustic energy.
The existing diaphragm on the market is usually made of a composite material of a common polyurethane (TPU) thermoplastic elastomer, engineering plastics and a glue film. The performance and effect of the diaphragm are not good: the generated noise is large, the damping performance and the electromagnetic shielding performance are weak, and interference is easily generated during working. With the continuous development of the market demand of acoustic products, users put higher requirements on the acoustic performance and reliability of the loudspeaker.
The utility model discloses a utility model patent that publication number is CN206302564U discloses a sound generating mechanism's vibrating diaphragm composite bed and sound generating mechanism, including metal level, aerogel layer and polyester film layer, the metal level is as the top layer of vibrating diaphragm composite bed, the polyester film layer is as the bottom of vibrating diaphragm composite bed, aerogel layer sets up as the intermediate layer of vibrating diaphragm composite bed between metal level and the polyester film layer, the vibrating diaphragm composite bed configures to can attach on sound generating mechanism's vibrating diaphragm. Although the setting of aerogel layer has alleviateed the weight of this vibrating diaphragm composite bed to a certain extent in this technique, nevertheless because this aerogel layer sets up between metal level and polyester film layer, so can't play fine guard action to this vibrating diaphragm composite bed, its surface layer is impaired or the oxidation easily, leads to the quality decline of vibrating diaphragm composite bed, and the life-span subtracts the weak point.
Utility model patent with publication number CN202873041U discloses a composite diaphragm, composite diaphragm is equipped with polyether-ether-ketone film and attached in the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer on polyether-ether-ketone film surface. The composite vibrating diaphragm of the utility model adds the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer on the polyether-ether-ketone film, although the composite vibrating diaphragm has good stability to the change of the environment, the resonant frequency of the product can be effectively reduced, the frequency band is widened, the power-resisting capability of the loudspeaker is improved, the process is simple, and the production cost is low; however, the composite diaphragm formed by compounding layers is poor in damping performance, and cannot meet the application of a loudspeaker in the low-frequency field.
The invention patent CN106003668A discloses a preparation method of a silica gel diaphragm and the silica gel diaphragm, wherein the silica gel diaphragm leads a formed silica gel film into a die cavity of a molding press in a continuous mode, so that the silica gel film keeps flat in the die cavity; closing the mold and controlling the temperature of the mold; adjusting the mould pressing pressure, and maintaining the pressure for a period of time; preparing a needed silica gel vibrating diaphragm; although the process operation of the silica gel vibrating diaphragm is simple, the forming is convenient and fast, and the large-scale preparation can be realized; however, the silica gel diaphragm is only manufactured by the upper and lower or left and right die assembly of the silica gel diaphragm, and the silica gel diaphragm is made of a single material, so that the damping performance of the silica gel diaphragm is insufficient, when the silica gel diaphragm is applied to a loudspeaker, the low frequency of the loudspeaker is slightly flawed, and the existing low frequency meter is insufficient; it is difficult to meet the high quality requirements of people for electronic devices.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a diaphragm composite material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a vibrating diaphragm composite material comprises a PEN film layer, an aluminum-plated film layer, an aerogel layer and an elastic adhesive layer, wherein the elastic adhesive layer is arranged between the PEN film layer and the aluminum-plated film layer and used for bonding the PEN film layer and the aluminum-plated film layer, and the aerogel layer is coated on one surface, far away from the elastic adhesive layer, of the aluminum-plated film layer.
Preferably, the aluminized film layer comprises a PET film and a metal aluminum layer evaporated on the surface of the PET film.
Preferably, the PEN film layer is made mainly of a blend of polyester PEN, nylon 6 and a fiber-type filler.
Preferably, the fiber type filler is one or more of glass fiber, ceramic fiber and carbon fiber.
Preferably, the elastic adhesive layer is mainly made of a polyacrylate elastomer or a polyurethane elastomer.
Preferably, the aerogel layer is mainly prepared from a silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel or a silicon dioxide-phenolic resin composite aerogel.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the vibrating diaphragm composite material, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the preparation method of the PEN film layer comprises the following specific steps:
s1.1: weighing the following materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of polyethylene naphthalate, 10-15 parts of nylon 6, 10-15 parts of fiber type filler, 1-2 parts of silane coupling agent and 0.5-1 part of lubricant; adding the weighed materials into a mixing roll, mixing and stirring to form a mixture;
s1.2: adding ethanol into the mixture, stirring, and then adding into an extruder for melt blending, extrusion and granulation; the mass part ratio of the ethanol to the mixture is 1: (4-6);
s1.3: drying the particles extruded in the step S1.2, and then adding the dried particles into an injection molding machine for injection molding to obtain a long-chain branched PEN film layer;
s2: the preparation of the aerogel layer material comprises the following specific preparation steps: adding 20-30 parts by mass of propylene oxide, 80-130 parts by mass of acetic acid, 50-70 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol 600 and 10-30 parts by mass of formamide into a high-speed micro powder stirrer, stirring for 5-10 min, adjusting the temperature of the solution to 5-8 ℃, adding 5-20 parts by mass of silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel, 20-30 parts by mass of toluene diisocyanate trimer and 10-15 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate trimer, and continuously stirring for 5-10 min; then, air flow classification is carried out, and powder passing through a 8000-mesh filter screen is collected to obtain the aerogel layer material; the rotating speed of the high-speed micro-powder stirrer is 800-1000 r/min;
s3: the aerogel layer material powder collected in the step S2 is subjected to compressed air, filtration and drying, and then enters a high-temperature gasification chamber at the temperature of 800-;
s4: and (3) uniformly coating an elastic adhesive on the surface of the PEN film layer, then attaching and pressing the PEN film layer and the surface of one side, which is not attached with the aerogel layer, of the aluminized film layer, wherein the dimension of an attaching roller is 60-80 ℃, the pressure is 120-160 MPa, and curing is carried out for 60-75 hours at 35-50 ℃ after the attaching is finished, so as to obtain the vibrating diaphragm composite material.
Preferably, the plasma light velocity voltage in the step S3 is 1200-1450 KV, and the irradiation time is 2-5S.
Preferably, the specific preparation step of the silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel in the step S2 includes:
1) according to the mass parts of the following materials, 1 part of TEOS, (2.5-4) parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and (2.5-4) parts of water are fully mixed and stirred uniformly, the pH value is adjusted to 4 by dilute hydrochloric acid, and sol A is formed by reaction;
2) adjusting the pH value of the sol A to 7 by ammonia water, adding 1-1.5 parts by mass of silicon nitride in a stirring state, and standing at room temperature to form a gel B;
3) aging the gel B for 24h at room temperature, then immersing the gel B in absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature, and continuing aging for 48 h;
4) soaking the aged gel B in a normal hexane solution containing 10% of trimethylsilane for 6 hours to perform hydrophobization treatment;
5) drying the gel B treated in the step S2.4 at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ under normal pressure; and (3) treating the dried gel B in a muffle furnace at 450-500 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and crushing to obtain the silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel.
Preferably, the average grain diameter of the silicon nitride in the step 2) is 30-50 nm.
Preferably, the trimethylsilane in step 4) may also be trimethylchlorosilane, long-chain segment methylsilane or methyl fluorosilane.
Preferably, the silane coupling agent in step S1 is KH-550, KH-560 or KH-570.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the vibrating diaphragm composite layer has high strength and rigidity and better damping and noise reduction effects; the arrangement of the PEN film layer can increase the plasticity of the vibrating diaphragm composite layer and improve the heat resistance of the vibrating diaphragm composite layer; the arrangement of the elastic adhesive bonds the PEN layer and the aluminized film layer, so that the toughness of the local oscillation film composite layer is greatly increased; the arrangement of the aluminum-plated film layer increases the damping performance and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the local oscillation film composite layer, and simultaneously has better heat resistance and higher strength; and the setting of aerogel can play the guard action to aluminizing the rete, makes it wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant more.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the diaphragm composite material of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-PEN film layer, 2-elastic adhesive layer, 3-aluminized film layer, 31-PET film, 32-metal aluminum layer and 4-aerogel layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
A vibrating diaphragm composite material comprises a PEN film layer 1, an aluminum-plated film layer 3, an aerogel layer 4 and an elastic adhesive layer 2 which is arranged between the PEN film layer and the aluminum-plated film layer 3 and used for bonding the PEN film layer 1 and the aluminum-plated film layer 3, wherein the elastic adhesive layer 2 is made of a thermoplastic elastomer and is particularly mainly made of a polyacrylate elastomer or a polyurethane elastomer, the thickness of the elastic adhesive layer 2 is 12-65 mu m, and the elastic adhesive layer 2 is arranged, so that the PEN film layer 1 and the aluminum-plated film layer 3 can be well bonded, and the material has certain toughness, and the durability of the product is improved; the aluminum-plated film layer 3 comprises a PET film 31 and a metal aluminum layer 32 evaporated on the surface of the PET film 31, the arrangement of the metal aluminum layer 32 improves the damping performance and the electromagnetic shielding performance of a vibrating diaphragm composite layer, and the arrangement of the PET film 31 increases the strength of the composite film and has better heat resistance; PEN rete 1 provides substrate material for the vibrating diaphragm composite bed, has increased the holistic rigidity intensity of vibrating diaphragm composite bed, improves its heat resistance and plasticity, aerogel layer 4 coating is in the one side of aluminizing film layer 3 of keeping away from elastic adhesive layer 2, and the setting of aerogel layer 4 can play the guard action to the aluminizing film layer, improves its wear-resisting, corrosion resisting property.
In this embodiment, the PEN film layer 1 is mainly made of a mixture of polyester PEN, nylon 6, and a fiber type filler.
In this embodiment, the fibrous filler is one or more of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and carbon fiber.
In this embodiment, the aerogel layer is mainly prepared from silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel or silicon dioxide-phenolic resin composite aerogel, so that the diaphragm composite layer has better wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is more durable.
A preparation method of the diaphragm composite material comprises the following steps: s1: the preparation method of the PEN film layer comprises the following specific steps:
s1.1: drying a material PEN (namely polyethylene naphthalate) for 2.5-4 h at the temperature of 100-130 ℃; then weighing the following materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of PEN, 10-15 parts of nylon 6, 10-15 parts of fiber type filler, 1-2 parts of silane coupling agent and 0.5-1 part of lubricant; adding the weighed materials into a mixing roll, mixing and stirring to form a mixture;
s1.2: adding ethanol into the mixture, stirring, and then adding into an extruder for melt blending, extrusion and granulation; the mass part ratio of the ethanol to the mixture is 1: (4-6);
s1.3: drying the particles extruded in the step S1.2, and then adding the dried particles into an injection molding machine for injection molding to obtain a long-chain branched PEN film layer;
wherein the silane coupling agent can be KH-550, KH-560 or KH-570;
wherein, in the step S1.2, the extruder is a double-screw extruder, the rotating speed of the screw is 40-60 rpm, and the temperature between a hopper of the extruder and a die area is 240-260 ℃;
s1.3, the temperature of a nozzle of the injection molding machine is 250-270 ℃, and the injection pressure is 65-75 MPa;
s2: the preparation of the aerogel layer material comprises the following specific preparation steps: adding 20-30 parts by mass of propylene oxide, 80-130 parts by mass of acetic acid, 50-70 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol 600 and 10-30 parts by mass of formamide into a high-speed micro powder stirrer, stirring for 5-10 min, adjusting the temperature of the solution to 5-8 ℃, adding 5-20 parts by mass of silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel, 20-30 parts by mass of toluene diisocyanate trimer and 10-15 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate trimer, and continuously stirring for 5-10 min; then, air flow classification is carried out, and powder passing through a 8000-mesh filter screen is collected to obtain the aerogel layer material; the rotating speed of the high-speed micro-powder stirrer is 800-1000 r/min;
s3: the aerogel layer material powder collected in the step S2 is subjected to compressed air, filtration and drying, and then enters a high-temperature gasification chamber at the temperature of 800-;
s4: and (3) uniformly coating an elastic adhesive on the surface of the PEN film layer, then attaching and pressing the PEN film layer and the surface of one side, which is not attached with the aerogel layer, of the aluminized film layer, wherein the dimension of an attaching roller is 60-80 ℃, the pressure is 120-160 MPa, and curing is carried out for 60-75 hours at 35-50 ℃ after the attaching is finished, so as to obtain the vibrating diaphragm composite material.
The preparation method of the aluminum-plated film layer comprises the following steps: the PET film is used as a substrate, metal aluminum is directly evaporated on the surface of the substrate through a vacuum film coating machine, so that a metal aluminum layer is formed on the surface of the PET film, an aluminum-plated film layer is obtained, the metal aluminum at the position is only evaporated on the surface of one side of the PET film, metal aluminum is not evaporated on the two sides of the PET film, and therefore on one hand, the metal aluminum layer can provide certain damping performance and electromagnetic shielding performance for a local oscillation film composite layer, and on the other hand, the process and consumables can be saved due to the arrangement of the single-side metal aluminum layer; and the strength and the heat resistance of the composite layer of the vibrating diaphragm can be enhanced by the arrangement of the PET film.
In this embodiment, the plasma light velocity voltage in step S3 is 1200 to 1450KV, and the irradiation time is 2 to 5S.
In this embodiment, the specific steps of preparing the silica-silicon nitride composite aerogel in step S2 include:
1) according to the mass parts of the following materials, 1 part of TEOS, (2.5-4) parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and (2.5-4) parts of water are fully mixed and stirred uniformly, the pH value is adjusted to 4 by dilute hydrochloric acid, and sol A is formed by reaction;
2) adjusting the pH value of the sol A to 7 by ammonia water, adding 1-1.5 parts by mass of silicon nitride in a stirring state, and standing at room temperature to form a gel B; wherein the average grain diameter of the silicon nitride is 30-50 nm;
3) aging the gel B for 24h at room temperature, then immersing the gel B in absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature, and continuing aging for 48 h;
4) soaking the aged gel B in a normal hexane solution containing 10% of trimethylsilane for 6 hours to perform hydrophobic treatment so as to make the surface more corrosion-resistant;
the n-hexane solution can also be a n-hexane solution containing 10% of trimethylchlorosilane, a n-hexane solution containing 10% of long-chain segment methylsilane or a n-hexane solution containing 10% of methyl fluorosilane;
5) drying the gel B treated in the step S2.4 at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ under normal pressure; and (3) treating the dried gel B in a muffle furnace at 450-500 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and crushing to obtain the silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel.
Example 1
A vibrating diaphragm composite material comprises a PEN film layer 1, an aluminum-plated film layer 3, an aerogel layer 4 and an elastic adhesive layer 2 which is arranged between the PEN film layer and the aluminum-plated film layer 3 and used for bonding the PEN film layer 1 and the aluminum-plated film layer 3, wherein the elastic adhesive layer 2 is made of a thermoplastic elastomer and is particularly mainly made of a polyacrylate elastomer or a polyurethane elastomer, the thickness of the elastic adhesive layer 2 is 12-65 mu m, and the elastic adhesive layer 2 is arranged, so that the PEN film layer 1 and the aluminum-plated film layer 3 can be well bonded, and the material has certain toughness, and the durability of the product is improved; the aluminum-plated film layer 3 comprises a PET film 31 and a metal aluminum layer 32 evaporated on the surface of the PET film 31, the arrangement of the metal aluminum layer 32 improves the damping performance and the electromagnetic shielding performance of a vibrating diaphragm composite layer, and the arrangement of the PET film 31 increases the strength of the composite film and has better heat resistance; PEN rete 1 provides substrate material for the vibrating diaphragm composite bed, has increased the holistic rigidity intensity of vibrating diaphragm composite bed, improves its heat resistance and plasticity, aerogel layer 4 coating is in the one side of aluminizing film layer 3 of keeping away from elastic adhesive layer 2, and the setting of aerogel layer 4 can play the guard action to the aluminizing film layer, improves its wear-resisting, corrosion resisting property.
In this embodiment, the PEN film layer 1 is mainly made of a mixture of polyester PEN, nylon 6, and a fiber type filler.
In this embodiment, the fibrous filler is one or more of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and carbon fiber.
In this embodiment, the aerogel layer is mainly prepared from silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel or silicon dioxide-phenolic resin composite aerogel, so that the diaphragm composite layer has better wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is more durable.
A preparation method of the diaphragm composite material comprises the following steps:
s1: the preparation method of the PEN film layer comprises the following specific steps:
s1.1: drying the material PEN (namely polyethylene naphthalate) at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 2.5 h; then weighing the following materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of PEN, 10 parts of nylon 6, 10 parts of fiber type filler, 1 part of silane coupling agent and 0.5 part of lubricant; adding the weighed materials into a mixing roll, mixing and stirring to form a mixture;
s1.2: adding ethanol into the mixture, stirring, and then adding into an extruder for melt blending, extrusion and granulation; the mass part ratio of the ethanol to the mixture is 1: 4;
s1.3: drying the particles extruded in the step S1.2, and then adding the dried particles into an injection molding machine for injection molding to obtain a long-chain branched PEN film layer;
wherein the silane coupling agent can be KH-550, KH-560 or KH-570;
wherein, in the step S1.2, the extruder is a double-screw extruder, the rotating speed of the screw is 40rpm, and the temperature between a hopper of the extruder and a die area is 240 ℃;
s1.3, the temperature of a nozzle of the injection molding machine is 250 ℃, and the injection pressure is 65 MPa;
s2: the preparation of the aerogel layer material comprises the following specific preparation steps: adding 20 parts by mass of propylene oxide, 80 parts by mass of acetic acid, 50 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol 600 and 10 parts by mass of formamide into a high-speed micro-powder stirrer, stirring for 5min, adjusting the temperature of the solution to 5 ℃, adding 5 parts by mass of silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel, 20 parts by mass of toluene diisocyanate trimer and 10 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate trimer, and continuously stirring for 5 min; then, air flow classification is carried out, and powder passing through a 8000-mesh filter screen is collected to obtain the aerogel layer material; the rotating speed of the high-speed micro-powder stirrer is 800 r/min;
s3: the aerogel layer material powder collected in the step S2 is subjected to compressed air, filtration and drying, then enters a high-temperature gasification chamber at 800 ℃, forms supersonic airflow through a nozzle, injects the supersonic airflow to the surface of the aluminized side of the aluminized film layer, and continuously irradiates the side surface by using high-speed plasma light velocity to form the aluminized film layer with the aerogel layer attached to one side;
s4: and (3) uniformly coating the elastic adhesive on the surface of the PEN film layer, then laminating and pressing the PEN film layer and the surface of one side, which is not adhered with the aerogel layer, of the aluminum-plated film layer, wherein the dimension of a laminating roller is 80 ℃, the pressure is 120MPa, and curing is carried out for 60 hours at 50 ℃ after lamination is finished, so as to obtain the vibrating diaphragm composite material.
The preparation method of the aluminum-plated film layer comprises the following steps: the PET film is used as a substrate, metal aluminum is directly evaporated on the surface of the substrate through a vacuum film coating machine, so that a metal aluminum layer is formed on the surface of the PET film, an aluminum-plated film layer is obtained, the metal aluminum at the position is only evaporated on the surface of one side of the PET film, metal aluminum is not evaporated on the two sides of the PET film, and therefore on one hand, the metal aluminum layer can provide certain damping performance and electromagnetic shielding performance for a local oscillation film composite layer, and on the other hand, the process and consumables can be saved due to the arrangement of the single-side metal aluminum layer; and the strength and the heat resistance of the composite layer of the vibrating diaphragm can be enhanced by the arrangement of the PET film.
In this embodiment, the plasma light velocity voltage in step S3 is 1450KV, and the irradiation time is 3S.
In this embodiment, the specific steps of preparing the silica-silicon nitride composite aerogel in step S2 include:
1) according to the following materials, 1 part of TEOS, 4 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 4 parts of water are fully mixed and stirred uniformly, the pH value is adjusted to 4 (within an error allowable range) by dilute hydrochloric acid, and a sol A is formed by reaction;
2) adjusting the pH value of the sol A to 7 by ammonia water, adding 1.5 parts by mass of silicon nitride under a stirring state, and standing at room temperature to form a gel B; wherein the average particle diameter of the silicon nitride is 50 nm;
3) aging the gel B for 24h at room temperature, then immersing the gel B in absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature, and continuing aging for 48 h;
4) soaking the aged gel B in a normal hexane solution containing 10% of trimethylsilane for 6 hours to perform hydrophobic treatment so as to make the surface more corrosion-resistant;
the n-hexane solution can also be a n-hexane solution containing 10% of trimethylchlorosilane, a n-hexane solution containing 10% of long-chain segment methylsilane or a n-hexane solution containing 10% of methyl fluorosilane;
5) drying the gel B treated in the step S2.4 at 80 ℃ under normal pressure; and (3) treating the dried gel B in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 4 hours, and crushing to obtain the silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel.
Example 2
The embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that the preparation method of the diaphragm composite material provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: the preparation method of the PEN film layer comprises the following specific steps:
s1.1: drying the material PEN (namely polyethylene naphthalate) at 130 ℃ for 4 h; then weighing the following materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of PEN, 15 parts of nylon 6, 15 parts of fiber type filler, 2 parts of silane coupling agent and 1 part of lubricant; adding the weighed materials into a mixing roll, mixing and stirring to form a mixture;
s1.2: adding ethanol into the mixture, stirring, and then adding into an extruder for melt blending, extrusion and granulation; the mass part ratio of the ethanol to the mixture is 1: 6;
s1.3: drying the particles extruded in the step S1.2, and then adding the dried particles into an injection molding machine for injection molding to obtain a long-chain branched PEN film layer;
wherein the silane coupling agent can be KH-550, KH-560 or KH-570;
wherein, in the step S1.2, the extruder is a double-screw extruder, the rotating speed of the screw is 60rpm, and the temperature between a hopper of the extruder and a die area is 260 ℃;
s1.3, the temperature of a nozzle of the injection molding machine is 270 ℃, and the injection pressure is 75 MPa;
s2: the preparation of the aerogel layer material comprises the following specific preparation steps: adding 30 parts of propylene oxide, 130 parts of acetic acid, 70 parts of polyethylene glycol 600 and 30 parts of formamide into a high-speed micro-powder stirrer, stirring for 10min, adjusting the temperature of the solution to 8 ℃, adding 20 parts of silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel, 30 parts of toluene diisocyanate tripolymer and 15 parts of isophorone diisocyanate tripolymer, and continuously stirring for 10 min; then, air flow classification is carried out, and powder passing through a 8000-mesh filter screen is collected to obtain the aerogel layer material; the rotating speed of the high-speed micro-powder stirrer is 1000 r/min;
s3: the aerogel layer material powder collected in the step S2 is subjected to compressed air, filtration and drying, then enters a high-temperature gasification chamber at 1000 ℃, forms supersonic airflow through a nozzle, injects the supersonic airflow to the surface of the aluminized side of the aluminized film layer, and continuously irradiates the side surface by using high-speed plasma light velocity to form the aluminized film layer with the aerogel layer attached to one side;
s4: and (3) uniformly coating the elastic adhesive on the surface of the PEN film layer, then attaching and pressing the PEN film layer and the surface of one side, which is not attached with the aerogel layer, of the aluminum-plated film layer, wherein the dimension of an attaching roller is 60 ℃, the pressure is 160MPa, and after the attaching is finished, curing is carried out for 75 hours at 35 ℃ to obtain the vibrating diaphragm composite material.
The preparation method of the aluminum-plated film layer comprises the following steps: the PET film is used as a substrate, metal aluminum is directly evaporated on the surface of the substrate through a vacuum film coating machine, so that a metal aluminum layer is formed on the surface of the PET film, an aluminum-plated film layer is obtained, the metal aluminum at the position is only evaporated on the surface of one side of the PET film, metal aluminum is not evaporated on the two sides of the PET film, and therefore on one hand, the metal aluminum layer can provide certain damping performance and electromagnetic shielding performance for a local oscillation film composite layer, and on the other hand, the process and consumables can be saved due to the arrangement of the single-side metal aluminum layer; and the strength and the heat resistance of the composite layer of the vibrating diaphragm can be enhanced by the arrangement of the PET film.
In this embodiment, the plasma light velocity voltage in step S3 is 1200KV, and the irradiation time is 5S.
In this embodiment, the specific steps of preparing the silica-silicon nitride composite aerogel in step S2 include:
1) according to the following materials, 1 part of TEOS, 2.5 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 2.5 parts of water are fully mixed and stirred uniformly, the pH value is adjusted to 4 (within an error allowable range) by dilute hydrochloric acid, and a sol A is formed by reaction;
2) adjusting the pH value of the sol A to 7 (within an error allowable range) by ammonia water, adding 1 part by mass of silicon nitride under a stirring state, and standing at room temperature to form a gel B; wherein the average particle size of the silicon nitride is 30 nm;
3) aging the gel B for 24h at room temperature, then immersing the gel B in absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature, and continuing aging for 48 h;
4) soaking the aged gel B in a normal hexane solution containing 10% of trimethylchlorosilane for 6 hours to perform hydrophobization treatment so as to enable the surface to be more corrosion-resistant;
wherein the n-hexane solution can also be an n-hexane solution containing 10% of trimethylsilane, an n-hexane solution containing 10% of long-chain segment methylsilane or an n-hexane solution containing 10% of methyl fluorosilane;
5) drying the gel B treated in the step S2.4 at 100 ℃ under normal pressure; and (3) treating the dried gel B in a muffle furnace at 450 ℃ for 6 hours, and crushing to obtain the silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The vibrating diaphragm composite material is characterized by comprising a PEN film layer (1), an aluminum-plated film layer (3), an aerogel layer (4) and an elastic adhesive layer (2) arranged between the PEN film layer and the aluminum-plated film layer (3) and used for bonding the PEN film layer (1) and the aluminum-plated film layer (3), wherein the aerogel layer (4) is coated on one surface, far away from the elastic adhesive layer (2), of the aluminum-plated film layer (3).
2. The diaphragm composite of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum-plated film layer (3) comprises a PET film (31) and a metal aluminum layer (32) evaporated on the surface of the PET film (31).
3. The diaphragm composite of claim 1, wherein: the PEN film layer (1) is mainly prepared by mixing polyester PEN, nylon 6 and fiber type fillers.
4. The diaphragm composite of claim 3, wherein: the fiber type filler is one or more of glass fiber, ceramic fiber and carbon fiber.
5. The diaphragm composite of claim 1, wherein: the elastic adhesive layer (2) is mainly made of polyacrylate elastomer or polyurethane elastomer.
6. The diaphragm composite of claim 1, wherein: the aerogel layer is mainly prepared from silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel or silicon dioxide-phenolic resin composite aerogel.
7. The preparation method of the diaphragm composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: the preparation method of the PEN film layer comprises the following specific steps:
s1.1: weighing the following materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of polyethylene naphthalate, 10-15 parts of nylon 6, 10-15 parts of fiber type filler, 1-2 parts of silane coupling agent and 0.5-1 part of lubricant; adding the weighed materials into a mixing roll, mixing and stirring to form a mixture;
s1.2: adding ethanol into the mixture, stirring, and then adding into an extruder for melt blending, extrusion and granulation; the mass part ratio of the ethanol to the mixture is 1: (4-6);
s1.3: drying the particles extruded in the step S1.2, and then adding the dried particles into an injection molding machine for injection molding to obtain a long-chain branched PEN film layer;
s2: the preparation of the aerogel layer material comprises the following specific preparation steps: adding 20-30 parts by mass of propylene oxide, 80-130 parts by mass of acetic acid, 50-70 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol 600 and 10-30 parts by mass of formamide into a high-speed micro powder stirrer, stirring for 5-10 min, adjusting the temperature of the solution to 5-8 ℃, adding 5-20 parts by mass of silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel, 20-30 parts by mass of toluene diisocyanate trimer and 10-15 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate trimer, and continuously stirring for 5-10 min; then, air flow classification is carried out, and powder passing through a 8000-mesh filter screen is collected to obtain the aerogel layer material; the rotating speed of the high-speed micro-powder stirrer is 800-1000 r/min;
s3: the aerogel layer material powder collected in the step S2 is subjected to compressed air, filtration and drying, and then enters a high-temperature gasification chamber at the temperature of 800-;
s4: and (3) uniformly coating an elastic adhesive on the surface of the PEN film layer, then attaching and pressing the PEN film layer and the surface of one side, which is not attached with the aerogel layer, of the aluminized film layer, wherein the dimension of an attaching roller is 60-80 ℃, the pressure is 120-160 MPa, and curing is carried out for 60-75 hours at 35-50 ℃ after the attaching is finished, so as to obtain the vibrating diaphragm composite material.
8. The preparation method of the diaphragm composite material of claim 7, wherein in the step S3, the plasma light velocity voltage is 1200-1450 KV, and the irradiation time is 2-5S.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of specifically preparing the silica-silicon nitride composite aerogel in step S2 includes:
1) according to the mass parts of the following materials, 1 part of TEOS, (2.5-4) parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and (2.5-4) parts of water are fully mixed and stirred uniformly, the pH value is adjusted to 4 by dilute hydrochloric acid, and sol A is formed by reaction;
2) adjusting the pH value of the sol A to 7 by ammonia water, adding 1-1.5 parts by mass of silicon nitride in a stirring state, and standing at room temperature to form a gel B;
3) aging the gel B for 24h at room temperature, then immersing the gel B in absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature, and continuing aging for 48 h;
4) soaking the aged gel B in a normal hexane solution containing 10% of trimethylsilane for 6 hours to perform hydrophobization treatment;
5) drying the gel B treated in the step S2.4 at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ under normal pressure; and (3) treating the dried gel B in a muffle furnace at 450-500 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and crushing to obtain the silicon oxide-silicon nitride composite aerogel.
10. The preparation method of the diaphragm composite material of claim 9, wherein the average particle size of the silicon nitride in the step 2) is 30-50 nm.
CN202010189623.3A 2020-03-18 2020-03-18 Vibrating diaphragm composite material and preparation method thereof Pending CN111267411A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110039805A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-07-23 广东中兴塑料纸类印刷有限公司 A kind of production technology of composite packing film
CN116320916A (en) * 2023-01-31 2023-06-23 广州市声讯电子科技股份有限公司 Transduction driver
US11838706B2 (en) 2021-06-08 2023-12-05 Zhejiang Pengyuan New Material Technology Group Co., Ltd. Diaphragm composite material and preparation method thereof
CN118238447A (en) * 2024-05-23 2024-06-25 内蒙古工业大学 Continuous folding vibration-damping auxetic textile composite material and preparation method thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110039805A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-07-23 广东中兴塑料纸类印刷有限公司 A kind of production technology of composite packing film
US11838706B2 (en) 2021-06-08 2023-12-05 Zhejiang Pengyuan New Material Technology Group Co., Ltd. Diaphragm composite material and preparation method thereof
CN116320916A (en) * 2023-01-31 2023-06-23 广州市声讯电子科技股份有限公司 Transduction driver
CN116320916B (en) * 2023-01-31 2023-11-24 广州市声讯电子科技股份有限公司 Transduction driver
CN118238447A (en) * 2024-05-23 2024-06-25 内蒙古工业大学 Continuous folding vibration-damping auxetic textile composite material and preparation method thereof

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