CN111256475B - Flame-retardant wood fire-proof performance test furnace and test method thereof - Google Patents
Flame-retardant wood fire-proof performance test furnace and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111256475B CN111256475B CN202010056761.4A CN202010056761A CN111256475B CN 111256475 B CN111256475 B CN 111256475B CN 202010056761 A CN202010056761 A CN 202010056761A CN 111256475 B CN111256475 B CN 111256475B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
- F27B17/02—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group specially designed for laboratory use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fire-retardant wood fire performance test furnace and a test method thereof, relating to a test furnace and aiming at solving the problem of researching and developing an instrument capable of detecting fire-retardant wood in the prior art, the test furnace comprises a test box, a workbench is arranged in the test box, a combustion chamber is arranged on the workbench, a combustion chamber for installing the fire-retardant wood is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, an opening for an igniter to extend into is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, a gas pipe is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, the gas pipe penetrates through the opening to extend into the combustion chamber, a plurality of air holes are arranged at one end of the gas pipe extending into the combustion chamber, a chimney is arranged on the top wall of the combustion chamber, a temperature sensor is arranged in the chimney, a sealing door is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, the sealing door is arranged opposite to the opening, a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the top wall of the test box, a smoke conveying pipe is arranged between the chimney and the smoke exhaust pipe, a controller and a display are arranged outside the test box, the temperature sensor and the display are both electrically connected with the controller; therefore, the fire-retardant performance of the flame-retardant wood can be rapidly measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test furnace, in particular to a flame-retardant wood fire resistance test furnace and a test method thereof.
Background
Wood is a lignified tissue formed by plants capable of secondary growth, such as trees and shrubs; when the wood is burnt, the surface layer is gradually carbonized to form a carbonized layer with lower thermal conductivity (about 1/3-1/2 of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the wood) than the wood; when the carbonized layer reaches enough thickness and is kept complete, the heat insulating layer is formed, the speed of heat transfer to the interior can be effectively limited, and the wood has good combustion resistance; by utilizing the characteristic of the wood and adopting proper physical or chemical measures to isolate the wood from a combustion source or oxygen, the wood can be completely non-combustible, difficult to combust or retard the propagation of flame, thereby obtaining the flame retardant effect of the wood; wood fire retardant methods include chemical and physical methods; the chemical method is the main method, namely, the wood is treated by adopting the flame retardant.
With the development of economy and the rapid development of building industry, the requirements on building materials are higher and higher, and the requirements on the fireproof performance of wood are higher and higher, but the existing flame-retardant wood on the market is complex, has good and inconsistent quality and has uneven flame-retardant performance, so that a test instrument capable of measuring the fireproof performance of the flame-retardant wood is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the fire-retardant wood fire-retardant performance test furnace which has the advantage that the fire-retardant performance of the fire-retardant wood can be measured.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a fire-retardant timber fire behavior test furnace comprises a test box, a workbench is arranged in the test box, a combustion chamber is arranged on the workbench, a combustion chamber for installing fire-retardant timber is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, an opening for an igniter to extend into is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, a gas pipe for inputting gas is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, the gas pipe penetrates through the opening and extends into the combustion chamber, a plurality of air holes are formed in one end, extending into the combustion chamber, of the gas pipe, a chimney is arranged on the top wall of the combustion chamber, a temperature sensor is arranged in the chimney, a sealing door for sealing the combustion chamber is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, the sealing door is arranged opposite to the opening, a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the top wall of the test box, a smoke conveying pipe is arranged between the chimney and the smoke exhaust pipe, a controller and a display for displaying the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor are arranged outside the test box, the temperature sensor and the display are both electrically connected with the controller.
By adopting the technical scheme, during test, the calibration plate is firstly combusted, temperature data is recorded and made into a standard temperature rise curve, wood is made into a sample and is arranged in the combustion cavity, the gas pipe inputs gas into the combustion cavity, air enters the combustion cavity from the opening to provide sufficient oxygen for combustion, a worker extends the igniter into the opening to ignite, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of smoke entering the chimney while igniting the wood and transmits the data to the controller, meanwhile, the display displays the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor, a tester records the temperature every three minutes and then obtains the temperature rise speed, and the temperature rise speed is compared with the standard temperature rise speed, if the temperature rise speed is higher than the standard temperature rise speed, the fireproof performance is poor, and if the temperature rise speed is lower than or equal to the standard temperature rise speed, the fireproof performance is good; therefore, the fire-retardant performance of the flame-retardant wood can be rapidly measured.
Further, one side that the combustion chamber is close to the sealing door is equipped with the mounting groove that supplies the sample installation, the mounting groove sets up along the direction of height of proof box, the mounting groove sets up with combustion chamber intercommunication, the longitudinal section area of mounting groove is greater than the longitudinal section area in combustion chamber.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when burning, install the sample in the mounting groove to fix the sample in the mounting groove through sealing door, with this can convenient and fast fix the sample in the installation cavity.
Furthermore, an installation notch is formed in the bottom wall of the installation groove, a fixing notch communicated with the installation notch is formed in the bottom wall of the combustion chamber, and bearing plates are arranged in the installation notch and the fixing notch; all be equipped with the fixed slot on the relative lateral wall in mounting groove and burning chamber, the both sides of accepting the board all are equipped with the limiting plate that inserts the fixed slot.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after the sample burning finishes, remove and accept the board, will accept board and limiting plate and shift out in installation breach, fixed breach and the fixed slot to this can convenient and fast with the ashes and the piece clearance that the burning produced.
Furthermore, a first valve is arranged on the side wall of the gas pipe and positioned on the outer side of the combustion cavity; a vent pipe is arranged on the side wall of the gas pipe, a second valve is arranged on the side wall of the vent pipe, and a blower is arranged at one end of the vent pipe, which is far away from the gas pipe; the gas pipe includes the gas-supply pipe that communicates with the breather pipe and the permeability cell that communicates with the gas-supply pipe, the one end that the breather pipe was kept away from to the gas-supply pipe is equipped with the annular, be equipped with the connecting pipe that inserts the gas-supply pipe on the lateral wall of permeability cell, the lateral wall that just is located the connecting pipe on the lateral wall of permeability cell is equipped with the holding ring that inserts the annular, the one end that the permeability cell was kept away from to the holding ring is equipped with metal collapsible tube, metal collapsible tube keeps away from the one end and the annular tank bottom wall connection of holding ring.
By adopting the technical scheme, before combustion, the second valve is opened, the first invention is closed, the blower is started, and air enters the vent pipe along the vent pipe and is discharged from the vent hole, so that ash blocking the vent hole can be blown out, and the possibility of blocking the vent hole to vent air is reduced; when more ashes are left in the combustion chamber, a tester holds the vent pipe by hand, separates the connecting pipe from the gas pipe, separates the positioning ring from the annular groove, pulls the metal hose out of the annular groove, rotates the vent pipe, aligns the air holes of the vent pipe with the ashes, and blows the ashes out of the combustion chamber, so that the combustion chamber can be cleaned conveniently and quickly.
Furthermore, the smoke conveying pipe comprises a smoke conveying pipe connected with the chimney and an exhaust pipe connected with the smoke exhaust pipe, a detection chamber is arranged at one end of the smoke conveying pipe, which is far away from the chimney, and one end of the exhaust pipe, which is far away from the smoke exhaust pipe, is connected with the detection chamber, the smoke conveying pipe and the exhaust pipe of the detection chamber are arranged oppositely, and a third valve is arranged on the side wall of the exhaust pipe; the gas analysis device is characterized in that a gas analysis measuring head is arranged on the inner side wall of the detection chamber, a gas analyzer used for displaying a detection result is arranged outside the test chamber, and the gas analysis measuring head is electrically connected with the gas analyzer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the third valve is closed before the test, after the sample is combusted, the flue gas enters the smoke sending pipe along the chimney and finally enters the detection chamber, the gas analysis measuring head detects the gas components in the detection chamber, and the gas analyzer detects and displays the gas components, so that the gas components generated by combustion can be analyzed, and the smoke toxicity of the flame-retardant wood can be further detected.
Furthermore, a filter box is arranged between the exhaust pipe and the smoke exhaust pipe; the water tank and the water pump are respectively arranged outside the test box, the water tank and the water pump are connected through a water pipe, a water supply pipe is arranged at a water outlet of the water pump, one end, far away from the water pump, of the water supply pipe extends into the filtering box, a sprinkling pipe is arranged at one end, extending into the filtering box, of the water supply pipe, the sprinkling pipe is located between the exhaust pipe and the smoke exhaust pipe, a plurality of spray heads are evenly distributed on the side wall of the sprinkling pipe, and a water outlet pipe is arranged on the bottom wall of the filtering box.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after detecting gas composition, open the third valve, in gaseous entering filter tank along the blast pipe, the water pump is along raceway, delivery pipe entering sprinkler pipe with the water in the water tank, the shower nozzle is spraying water the dust fall to the flue gas to this dust particle in can reducing the flue gas reduces the possibility that the testing personnel inhales harmful flue gas.
Furthermore, one side of the exhaust pipe far away from the filter box is provided with a discharge pipe, one end of the discharge pipe far away from the filter box and one end of the exhaust pipe close to the filter box are both in threaded connection with corrugated pipes, and the corrugated pipes are connected through filter pipes, and filter layers are arranged on the inner side walls of the filter pipes.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after the flue gas through the water spray dust fall, reentrant discharge pipe and bellows to filter through the filter layer, at last along bellows entering smoke exhaust pipe, with this possibility that can reduce the test personnel and adsorb harmful gas.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a test method of the fire-retardant wood fire-retardant performance test furnace, which has the advantage that the fire-retardant performance of the fire-retardant wood can be measured.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a test method of a fire-retardant wood fire-proof performance test furnace comprises the following steps:
s1, closing the first valve, opening the second valve, starting the air blower, blowing wind into the vent pipe along the vent pipe by the air blower, blowing the wind out of the vent hole, pulling the vent pipe out of the vent pipe, rotating the vent pipe, and cleaning ash in the combustion chamber;
s2, preparing a calcium silicate board into a calibration board, putting the calibration board into a combustion chamber for combustion, recording the temperature every 3 minutes by a tester, and preparing a standard chart by taking time as an X axis and temperature as a Y axis to obtain a standard temperature rise curve;
s3, preparing the flame-retardant wood into a test sample, installing the test sample in a combustion chamber, closing a sealing door, closing a second valve, opening a first valve, closing a third valve, enabling gas to enter the combustion chamber from a gas hole, enabling air to enter the combustion chamber from an opening, enabling a worker to stretch an igniter into the opening to ignite and ignite the wood, enabling a temperature sensor to transmit the sensed temperature to a controller, enabling the controller to transmit a signal to a display, enabling the display to display the temperature, and enabling a tester to record the temperature every 3 minutes; the smoke enters the test box along the smoke conveying pipe, the gas analysis measuring head measures the gas components in the detection chamber, and the gas analyzer displays the measurement result;
s4, after combustion is finished, opening a third valve, enabling the smoke to enter a filter box along an exhaust pipe, opening a water pump, sending water in the water box into a water sprinkling pipe along a water conveying pipe and a water delivery pipe by the water pump, spraying out the water by a spray head, filtering the smoke, enabling the smoke to enter the filter pipe along a corrugated pipe, filtering, and then discharging along the corrugated pipe and a smoke exhaust pipe;
s5, preparing a sample chart by a tester with time as an X axis and temperature as a Y axis, obtaining a sample temperature rise curve, comparing the sample temperature rise curve with a standard temperature rise curve, if the temperature rise speed is higher than the standard temperature rise speed, indicating that the fireproof performance of the sample is poor, and if the temperature rise speed is less than or equal to the standard temperature rise speed, indicating that the fireproof performance of the sample is good;
s6, after the test is finished, opening the sealing door, taking out the opened sample, moving the bearing plate and the limiting plate out of the installation notch, the fixing notch and the fixing groove, cleaning ash on the bearing plate, and then installing the bearing plate, the fixing notch and the fixing groove.
By adopting the technical scheme, a worker firstly opens the second valve, closes the first valve, starts the air blower, blows air into the vent pipe, blows the air out of the vent hole, cleans the vent hole, burns the calibration plate, senses the temperature through the temperature sensor, transmits a signal to the controller, transmits the signal to the display through the controller, and a tester records temperature data every three minutes and makes a standard temperature rise curve; putting the sample into a combustion chamber for combustion, transmitting the sensed temperature to a controller by a temperature sensor, transmitting a signal to a display by the controller, recording data every three minutes by a tester, making a test temperature rise curve, comparing the test temperature rise curve with a standard temperature rise curve, if the temperature rise speed is greater than the standard temperature rise speed, indicating that the fire resistance is poor, and if the temperature rise speed is less than the standard temperature rise speed, indicating that the fire resistance is good, thereby rapidly measuring the fire resistance of the flame-retardant wood; detecting the components of the smoke through a gas analysis measuring head, and further checking the flame retardant property of the flame retardant wood board; the flue gas is sprayed with water for dust reduction through the filter box, the flue gas is filtered by the filter layer and is discharged at last, and the possibility that test personnel adsorb harmful gas is favorably reduced.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. firstly, burning a calibration plate to obtain a standard temperature rise curve, then, installing a sample in a burning cavity, inputting gas into the burning cavity through a gas pipe, enabling oxygen to penetrate through an opening to enter the burning cavity, enabling a tester to stretch an igniter into the opening to ignite and burn the sample, enabling a temperature sensor to detect the temperature of smoke entering a chimney, transmitting data to a controller, enabling a display to display the sensing temperature of the temperature sensor, recording the temperature every three minutes by the tester to prepare a sample temperature rise curve, comparing the sample temperature rise curve with the standard temperature rise curve, if the sample temperature rise curve is faster than the standard temperature rise curve, the fireproof performance is poor, and if the sample temperature rise curve is slower than or the same as the standard temperature rise curve, the fireproof performance is good; therefore, the fire resistance of the flame-retardant wood can be rapidly measured;
2. pulling out the vent pipe, lengthening the metal hose, rotating the vent pipe, blowing the ash in the combustion chamber, and conveniently cleaning the ash in the combustion chamber;
3. the gas analysis measuring head is used for detecting the smoke in the detection chamber, the gas analyzer is used for analyzing the smoke and displaying a result, so that the smoke generating toxicity of the flame-retardant wood can be further detected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the combustion chamber in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the adaptor plate and combustion chamber in accordance with an embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a partial structure view showing a cross section along a-a in fig. 1.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the detection chamber and the filter tank in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of the cross section B-B in FIG. 1.
In the figure: 1. a test chamber; 10. a work table; 11. a smoke exhaust pipe; 12. a smoke conveying pipe; 13. a smoke delivery pipe; 14. an exhaust pipe; 15. a detection chamber; 16. a third valve; 18. a gas analysis measuring head; 19. a gas analyzer; 100. opening the door oppositely; 2. a combustion chamber; 20. a combustion chamber; 21. an opening; 22. an observation window; 23. a gas pipe; 24. air holes are formed; 25. a chimney; 26. a temperature sensor; 27. a sealing door; 28. mounting grooves; 29. installing a notch; 200. fixing the notch; 201. a bearing plate; 202. fixing grooves; 203. a limiting plate; 204. a first valve; 205. a breather pipe; 206. a second valve; 207. a blower; 208. a gas delivery pipe; 209. a gas permeable pipe; 210. a ring groove; 211. a connecting pipe; 212. a positioning ring; 213. a metal hose; 3. a display; 4. a controller; 5. a filter box; 50. a water tank; 51. a water pump; 52. a water delivery pipe; 53. a water supply pipe; 54. a sprinkler pipe; 55. a spray head; 56. a water outlet pipe; 57. discharging the pipes; 58. a bellows; 59. a filter tube; 500. a filter layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the flame retardant wood fire performance test furnace comprises a test box 1, wherein opposite side walls of the test box 1 are provided with a split door 100, so that a tester can conveniently install a sample and ignite.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a working table 10 is arranged in a test box 1, a combustion chamber 2 is arranged on the working table 10, a combustion chamber 20 for installing flame-retardant wood is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber 2, an opening 21 for an igniter to extend into is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber 20, an observation window 22 is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber 20 and above the opening 21, a gas pipe 23 for inputting gas is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber 2, the gas pipe 23 passes through the opening 21 and extends into the combustion chamber 20, a plurality of air holes 24 are arranged at one end of the gas pipe 23 extending into the combustion chamber 20, a sealing door 27 for sealing the combustion chamber 20 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber 2, the sealing door 27 is arranged opposite to the opening 21, an installation groove 28 for installing a sample is arranged on one side of the combustion chamber 20 close to the sealing door 27, the installation groove 28 is arranged along the height direction of the test box 1, the installation groove 28 is communicated with the combustion chamber 20, the longitudinal section area of the mounting groove 28 is larger than that of the combustion chamber 20, and the sample can be clamped through the sealing door 27 and the mounting groove 28, so that the sample can be conveniently combusted.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a chimney 25 is arranged on the top wall of the combustion chamber 20, a temperature sensor 26 is arranged in the chimney 25, a smoke exhaust pipe 11 is arranged on the top wall of the test box 1, and a smoke conveying pipe 12 is arranged between the chimney 25 and the smoke exhaust pipe 11.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a controller 4 and a display 3 for displaying the temperature sensed by a temperature sensor 26 are arranged outside the test box 1, and both the temperature sensor 26 and the display 3 are electrically connected with the controller 4; before the test, a calibration plate is arranged in a mounting groove 28, a sealing door 27 is closed, gas is sent into a combustion cavity 20, a testing person ignites an igniter on the calibration plate, a temperature sensor 26 senses the temperature and transmits the temperature to a controller 4, the controller 4 transmits a signal to a display 3, after the display 3 displays the temperature, the testing person records data every three minutes and generates a standard temperature rise curve, an inflaming retarding wood sample is arranged in the combustion cavity 20, a gas pipe 23 inputs the gas into the combustion cavity 20, the igniter ignites the sample, the temperature sensor 26 senses the temperature and transmits the signal to the controller 4, the controller 4 transmits the signal to the display 3, the display 3 displays the data, the testing person records data every three minutes and generates a sample temperature rise curve, the curve is compared with the standard temperature rise curve, if the rising speed of the curve is higher than that of the standard temperature rise curve, the fire-retardant performance is poor, and if the fire-retardant performance is lower than or equal to the fire-retardant performance, the fire-retardant performance of the flame-retardant wood can be rapidly measured.
Referring to fig. 3, since ashes and debris are generated during combustion, an installation notch 29 is formed in a bottom wall of the installation groove 28, a fixing notch 200 communicating with the installation notch 29 is formed in a bottom wall of the combustion chamber 20, and a receiving plate 201 is provided in each of the installation notch 29 and the fixing notch 200, and the receiving plate 201 is stepped.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fixing grooves 202 are formed on opposite sidewalls of the mounting groove 28 and the combustion chamber 20, limiting plates 203 inserted into the fixing grooves 202 are formed on both sides of the receiving plate 201, and a plane of the limiting plates 203 is perpendicular to a plane of the receiving plate 201; after the burning is finished, the ashes and the fragments fall on the limit plate 203, the sealing door 27 is opened, the bearing plate 201 is moved, and the bearing plate 201 and the limit plate 203 are moved out of the installation notch 29, the fixing notch 200 and the fixing groove 202, so that the ashes and the fragments can be conveniently and quickly cleaned.
Referring to fig. 3, since the ventilation holes 24 face one side of the installation groove 28, when the flame retardant wood is burned, falling ashes or debris easily block the ventilation holes 24, a ventilation pipe 205 is communicated with the side wall of the gas pipe 23, a second valve 206 is arranged on the side wall of the ventilation pipe 205, a blower 207 is arranged at one end of the ventilation pipe 205 far away from the gas pipe 23, and a first valve 204 is arranged at one side of the gas pipe 23 far away from the ventilation pipe 205.
Referring to fig. 4, the gas pipe 23 includes a gas pipe 208 communicated with a vent pipe 205 and a vent pipe 209 communicated with the gas pipe 208, two ends of the vent pipe 209 are closed, the gas pipe 208 and the vent pipe 209 are integrally formed and are T-shaped, the vent pipe 209 is located in the combustion chamber 20, the vent hole 24 is arranged on the side wall of the vent pipe 209 and faces one side of the sealing door 27, one end of the gas pipe 208 away from the vent pipe 205 is provided with a ring groove 210, the side wall of the vent pipe 209 is provided with a connecting pipe 211 inserted into the gas pipe 208, the outer side wall of the connecting pipe 211 is contacted with the inner side wall of the vent pipe 209, the outer side wall of the vent pipe 209 and located on the outer side wall of the connecting pipe 211 is provided with a positioning ring 212 inserted into the ring groove 210, the outer side wall of the positioning ring 212 is abutted against the groove wall of the ring groove 210, the positioning ring 212 and the connecting pipe 211 are protected in a double-layer mode, so that the possibility of air leakage between the air vent pipe 209 and the air conveying pipe 208 is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a metal hose 213 is arranged at one end of the positioning ring 212 far away from the vent pipe 209, and one end of the metal hose 213 far away from the positioning ring 212 is connected with the bottom wall of the annular groove 210; before the test, the first valve 204 is closed, the second valve 206 is opened, the blower 207 is started, the blower 207 blows air into the vent pipe 205, the air conveying pipe 208 and the vent pipe 209 and blows the air out of the vent holes 24, the possibility that ash or debris blocks the vent holes 24 can be reduced, and the possibility that gas cannot burn the cavity 20 can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, since ash or debris is cleaned only by the receiving plate 201, ash is easy to fall into gaps of the combustion chamber 20 or the mounting groove 28, or falls into the mounting notch 29, the fixing notch 200 and the fixing groove 202, and is not easy to clean by a tester, and uneven sample mounting is easy to occur, and a tester is also easy to be stained with ash and dirty clothes during a test, the vent pipe 209 is pulled open, the connecting pipe 211 is separated from the gas pipe 208, the positioning ring 212 is separated from the ring groove 210, the metal hose 213 is pulled out, so that the vent pipe 209 can be rotated, and the vent holes 24 are blown towards the ash or debris, so that the ash or debris can be blown out of the combustion chamber 20, thereby conveniently and quickly cleaning the combustion chamber 20, reducing the possibility of staining clothes or hands of the tester, and reducing the possibility of affecting the sample mounting.
Referring to fig. 5, the smoke tube 12 includes a smoke feeding tube 13 connected to the chimney 25, a detection chamber 15 disposed on a side of the smoke feeding tube 13 away from the chimney 25, and an exhaust tube 14 disposed on a side of the detection chamber 15 away from the smoke feeding tube 13, the detection chamber 15 is disposed on an inner sidewall of the test chamber 1, and a third valve 16 is disposed on a sidewall of the exhaust tube 14.
Referring to fig. 5, a gas analysis measuring head 18 is arranged on the inner side wall of the detection chamber 15, a gas analyzer 19 for displaying a detection result is arranged outside the test chamber 1, and the gas analysis measuring head 18 is electrically connected with the gas analyzer 19; during the test, the third valve 16 is closed, after the flame-retardant wood is burnt, a large amount of smoke is generated, the smoke enters the smoke feeding pipe 13 along the chimney 25 and enters the detection chamber 15, the gas analysis measuring head 18 detects the smoke and transmits a signal to the gas analyzer 19, and the gas analyzer 19 analyzes and displays data, so that the smoke toxicity generated by the flame-retardant wood can be known, and the performance of the flame-retardant wood can be further known.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, after the test is finished, the flue gas is directly discharged from the smoke exhaust pipe 11, the tester can adsorb harmful gas and damage the health of the tester, so the filter box 5 is arranged on the inner side wall of the test box 1 and between the exhaust pipe 14 and the smoke exhaust pipe 11, one side of the filter box 5 far away from the exhaust pipe 14 is provided with a discharge pipe 57, one end of the discharge pipe 57 far away from the filter box 5 and one end of the smoke exhaust pipe 11 close to the filter box 5 are both in threaded connection with corrugated pipes 58, the two corrugated pipes 58 are connected through a filter pipe 59, and the filter layer 500 is arranged on the inner side wall of the filter pipe 59.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a water tank 50 and a water pump 51 are respectively arranged outside the test box 1, the water tank 50 is connected with the water pump 51 through a water pipe 52, a water supply pipe 53 is arranged at a water outlet of the water pump 51, one end of the water supply pipe 53, which is far away from the water pump 51, extends into the filter box 5, a water sprinkling pipe 54 is arranged at one end of the water supply pipe 53, which extends into the filter box 5, the water sprinkling pipe 54 is positioned between the exhaust pipe 14 and the smoke exhaust pipe 11, a plurality of spray nozzles 55 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the water sprinkling pipe 54, and a water outlet pipe 56 is arranged on the bottom wall of the filter box 5; after the detection is finished, the third valve 16 is opened, the flue gas enters the filter box 5 along the exhaust pipe 14, the water pump 51 is started, water in the water tank 50 enters the sprinkling pipe 54 along the water conveying pipe 52 and the water conveying pipe 53, the water is sprayed out by the spray nozzle 55, the flue gas is sprayed with water for dust reduction, the flue gas enters the filter pipe 59 along the discharge pipe 57 and the corrugated pipe 58, is filtered by the filter layer 500 and is discharged along the corrugated pipe 58 and the smoke exhaust pipe 11, and therefore the possibility that a tester adsorbs harmful gas can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, after filtering by using filter layer 500 for a long time, corrugated tube 58 is screwed to discharge pipe 57 and smoke exhaust pipe 11, so that corrugated tube 58 can be removed and filter layer 500 can be replaced, thereby effectively filtering for a long time.
The implementation principle of the above embodiment is as follows: before the test, a calibration plate is arranged in the combustion cavity 20, fuel gas is input into the combustion cavity 20, an igniter ignites the calibration plate, and the calibration plate is combusted to obtain a standard temperature rise curve; then the sample is arranged in the combustion chamber 20, the gas pipe 23 inputs the gas into the combustion chamber 20 again, the air enters the combustion chamber 20 from the opening 21 to provide oxygen for the test, the tester extends the igniter into the opening 21 to ignite and burn the sample, the temperature sensor 26 detects the temperature of the flue gas entering the chimney 25 and transmits the data to the controller 4, the display 3 displays the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 26 at the same time, the tester records the temperature every three minutes to prepare a sample temperature rise curve, and compares the sample temperature rise curve with the standard temperature rise curve, if the sample temperature rise curve is faster than the standard temperature rise speed, the fireproof performance is poor, if the sample temperature rise speed is slower than or the same as the standard temperature rise speed, the fireproof performance is good, and thus the fireproof performance of the flame retardant wood can be rapidly measured.
Example 2:
a test method of a fire-retardant wood fire-proof performance test furnace comprises the following steps:
s1, opening the split door 100, checking whether the air holes 24 are blocked or not, if so, closing the first valve 204, opening the second valve 206, starting the blower 207, blowing the air into the air vent pipe 209 along the air vent pipe 205 by the blower 207, and blowing the air out of the air holes 24, so that the possibility that the air holes 24 are blocked by ash or debris is reduced, and the fuel gas is conveniently input into the combustion chamber 20;
s2, checking whether the combustion chamber 20 and the mounting groove 28 are clean, if any, pulling out the vent pipe 209 from the vent pipe 205, separating the connecting pipe 211 from the vent pipe 205, separating the positioning ring 212 from the ring groove 210, pulling out the metal hose 213, rotating the vent pipe 209 to align with the ash or the debris for blowing, cleaning the ash and the debris in the combustion chamber 20, and conveniently cleaning the combustion chamber 20 and the mounting groove 28;
s3, preparing a calcium silicate board into a calibration board, putting the calibration board into the combustion chamber 20 for combustion, recording the temperature every 3 minutes by a tester, and preparing a standard chart by taking time as an X axis and temperature as a Y axis to obtain a standard temperature rise curve;
s4, preparing a test sample from flame-retardant wood, installing the test sample in a combustion chamber 20, closing a sealing door 27, closing a second valve 206, opening a first valve 204 and closing a third valve 16, enabling gas to enter the combustion chamber 20 from a vent hole 24, enabling air to enter the combustion chamber 20 from an opening 21, enabling a worker to stretch an igniter into the opening 21 to ignite and ignite the sample, enabling a temperature sensor 26 to transmit the sensed temperature to a controller 4, enabling the controller 4 to transmit a signal to a display 3, enabling the display 3 to display the temperature, and enabling a tester to record the temperature every three minutes; the flue gas enters the test box 1 along the smoke conveying pipe 13, the gas analysis measuring head 18 measures the gas composition in the detection chamber 15, and the gas analyzer 19 displays the measurement result;
s5, after combustion is finished, the third valve 16 is opened, the flue gas enters the filter box 5 along the exhaust pipe 14, the water pump 51 is opened, the water in the water tank 50 is sent to the sprinkling pipe 54 along the water conveying pipe 52 and the water sending pipe 53 by the water pump 51, the water is sprayed out by the spray head 55 to filter the flue gas, the flue gas enters the filter pipe 59 along the corrugated pipe 58, and after being filtered, the flue gas is discharged along the corrugated pipe 58 and the smoke discharging pipe 11, so that toxic gas adsorption of a tester can be reduced;
s6, making a sample chart by a tester with time as an X axis and temperature as a Y axis, obtaining a sample temperature rise curve, comparing the sample temperature rise curve with a standard temperature rise curve, if the temperature rise speed is higher than the standard temperature rise speed, indicating that the fireproof performance of the sample is poor, and if the temperature rise speed is less than or equal to the standard temperature rise speed, indicating that the fireproof performance of the sample is good, so that the fireproof performance of the flame-retardant wood can be rapidly measured;
s7, after the test is finished, the sealing door 27 is opened, the opened sample is taken out, the bearing plate 201 and the limiting plate 203 are moved out of the installation notch 29, the fixing notch 200 and the fixing groove 202, the ash on the bearing plate 201 is cleaned, and then the bearing plate is installed in the installation notch 29, the fixing notch 200 and the fixing groove 202, so that the ash and the fragments can be cleaned conveniently and quickly.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fire-retardant timber fire behavior test furnace which characterized in that: comprises a test box (1), a workbench (10) is arranged in the test box (1), a combustion chamber (2) is arranged on the workbench (10), a combustion chamber (20) for installing flame-retardant wood is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber (2), an opening (21) for an igniter to stretch into is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber (20), a gas pipe (23) for inputting gas is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber (2), the gas pipe (23) penetrates through the opening (21) to stretch into the combustion chamber (20), one end of the gas pipe (23) stretching into the combustion chamber (20) is provided with a plurality of air holes (24), a chimney (25) is arranged on the top wall of the combustion chamber (20), a temperature sensor (26) is arranged in the chimney (25), a sealing door (27) for sealing the combustion chamber (20) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber (2), the sealing door (27) is arranged opposite to the opening (21), a smoke exhaust pipe (11) is arranged on the top wall of the test box (1), a smoke conveying pipe (12) is arranged between the chimney (25) and the smoke exhaust pipe (11), a controller (4) and a display (3) for displaying the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor (26) are arranged outside the test box (1), and the temperature sensor (26) and the display (3) are electrically connected with the controller (4);
a first valve (204) is arranged on the side wall of the gas pipe (23) and positioned on the outer side of the combustion cavity (20);
a vent pipe (205) is arranged on the side wall of the gas pipe (23), a second valve (206) is arranged on the side wall of the vent pipe (205), and a blower (207) is arranged at one end, far away from the gas pipe (23), of the vent pipe (205);
gas pipe (23) include gas-supply pipe (208) with breather pipe (205) intercommunication and with ventilative pipe (209) of gas-supply pipe (208) intercommunication, the one end that breather pipe (205) were kept away from in gas-supply pipe (208) is equipped with annular groove (210), be equipped with on the lateral wall of ventilative pipe (209) and insert connecting pipe (211) of gas-supply pipe (208), just the lateral wall that is located connecting pipe (211) on the lateral wall of ventilative pipe (209) is equipped with holding ring (212) that inserts annular groove (210), the one end that ventilative pipe (209) were kept away from in holding ring (212) is equipped with metal collapsible tube (213), metal collapsible tube (213) keep away from the one end and the annular groove (210) tank wall connection of holding ring (212).
2. The fire retardant wood fire performance test oven of claim 1, wherein: one side that burning chamber (20) are close to sealing door (27) is equipped with mounting groove (28) that supply the sample installation, the direction of height setting of proof box (1) is followed in mounting groove (28), mounting groove (28) and burning chamber (20) intercommunication set up, the longitudinal section area of mounting groove (28) is greater than the longitudinal section area of burning chamber (20).
3. The fire retardant wood fire performance test oven of claim 2, wherein: a mounting notch (29) is formed in the bottom wall of the mounting groove (28), a fixing notch (200) communicated with the mounting notch (29) is formed in the bottom wall of the combustion chamber (20), and bearing plates (201) are arranged in the mounting notch (29) and the fixing notch (200);
all be equipped with fixed slot (202) on the relative lateral wall of mounting groove (28) and combustion chamber (20), the both sides of accepting board (201) all are equipped with limiting plate (203) that insert fixed slot (202).
4. The fire retardant wood fire performance test oven of claim 3, wherein: the smoke conveying pipe (12) comprises a smoke conveying pipe (13) connected with a chimney (25) and an exhaust pipe (14) connected with a smoke exhaust pipe (11), a detection chamber (15) is arranged at one end, far away from the chimney (25), of the smoke conveying pipe (13), one end, far away from the smoke exhaust pipe (11), of the exhaust pipe (14) is connected with the detection chamber (15), the smoke conveying pipe (13) of the detection chamber (15) is opposite to the exhaust pipe (14), and a third valve (16) is arranged on the side wall of the exhaust pipe (14);
the gas analysis device is characterized in that a gas analysis measuring head (18) is arranged on the inner side wall of the detection chamber (15), a gas analyzer (19) for displaying a detection result is arranged outside the test box (1), and the gas analysis measuring head (18) is electrically connected with the gas analyzer (19).
5. The fire retardant wood fire performance test oven of claim 4, wherein: a filter box (5) is arranged between the exhaust pipe (14) and the smoke exhaust pipe (11);
the test box is characterized in that a water tank (50) and a water pump (51) are respectively arranged outside the test box (1), the water tank (50) and the water pump (51) are connected through a water pipe (52), a water delivery pipe (53) is arranged at a water outlet of the water pump (51), one end, far away from the water pump (51), of the water delivery pipe (53) extends into the filter box (5), a sprinkler pipe (54) is arranged at one end, extending into the filter box (5), of the water delivery pipe (53), the sprinkler pipe (54) is located between the exhaust pipe (14) and the smoke exhaust pipe (11), a plurality of spray heads (55) are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the sprinkler pipe (54), and a water outlet pipe (56) is arranged on the bottom wall of the filter box (5).
6. The fire retardant wood fire performance test oven of claim 5, wherein: one side that blast pipe (14) were kept away from in rose box (5) is equipped with drainage pipe (57), drainage pipe (57) keep away from the equal threaded connection of one end of rose box (5) and the one end that tub (11) of discharging fume are close to rose box (5) have bellows (58), two connect through filter tube (59) between bellows (58), be equipped with filter layer (500) on the inside wall of filter tube (59).
7. A test method using the fire retardant wood fire performance test furnace of claim 6, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, closing the first valve (204), opening the second valve (206), starting the blower (207), blowing wind into the vent pipe (209) along the vent pipe (205) by the blower (207), blowing out the wind from the vent hole (24), pulling out the vent pipe (209) from the vent pipe (205), rotating the vent pipe (209), and cleaning ashes in the combustion chamber (20);
s2, preparing a calcium silicate board into a calibration board, putting the calibration board into a combustion chamber (20) for combustion, recording the temperature every 3 minutes by a tester, and preparing a standard chart by taking time as an X axis and temperature as a Y axis to obtain a standard temperature rise curve;
s3, making the flame-retardant wood into a test sample, installing the test sample in a combustion cavity (20), closing a sealing door (27), closing a second valve (206), opening a first valve (204), closing a third valve (16), enabling gas to enter the combustion cavity (20) from an air hole (24), enabling air to enter the combustion cavity (20) from an opening (21), enabling a worker to stretch an igniter into the opening (21) to ignite and ignite the wood, enabling a temperature sensor (26) to transmit the sensed temperature to a controller (4), enabling the controller (4) to transmit a signal to a display (3), enabling the display (3) to display the temperature, and enabling a tester to record the temperature every 3 minutes; the smoke enters the test box (1) along the smoke conveying pipe (13), the gas analysis measuring head (18) measures the gas composition in the detection chamber (15), and the gas analyzer (19) displays the measurement result;
s4, after combustion is finished, opening a third valve (16), enabling the flue gas to enter a filter box (5) along an exhaust pipe (14), opening a water pump (51), sending water in a water tank (50) into a water sprinkling pipe (54) along a water conveying pipe (52) and a water sending pipe (53) by the water pump (51), spraying the water by a spray head (55), filtering the flue gas, enabling the flue gas to enter a filter pipe (59) along a corrugated pipe (58), and discharging the flue gas along the corrugated pipe (58) and a smoke discharging pipe (11) after filtering;
s5, preparing a sample chart by a tester with time as an X axis and temperature as a Y axis, obtaining a sample temperature rise curve, comparing the sample temperature rise curve with a standard temperature rise curve, if the temperature rise speed is higher than the standard temperature rise speed, indicating that the fireproof performance of the sample is poor, and if the temperature rise speed is less than or equal to the standard temperature rise speed, indicating that the fireproof performance of the sample is good;
s6, after the test is finished, the sealing door (27) is opened, the opened sample is taken out, the bearing plate (201) and the limiting plate (203) are moved out of the installation notch (29), the fixing notch (200) and the fixing groove (202), ash on the bearing plate (201) is cleaned, and then the bearing plate is installed in the installation notch (29), the fixing notch (200) and the fixing groove (202).
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| JP4980788B2 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2012-07-18 | 清水建設株式会社 | FIRE RESISTANCE TEST METHOD, FIRE RESISTANCE TEST DEVICE, AND OVERLINE SEGMENT DESIGN METHOD |
| CN208505019U (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-02-15 | 东莞市中诺质检仪器设备有限公司 | Vertical furnace is tested for building element fire resistance |
| CN208334093U (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2019-01-04 | 盐城市兰邦工业纤维有限公司 | A kind of inflaming retarding fabric environmental simulation detection device |
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