CN111255042A - Ecological tree pool with floater for automatically controlling initial rainwater drainage and working method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the fields of rainwater control and rainwater utilization, and discloses an ecological tree pond and a working method in which a float automatically controls the abandoned flow of initial rainwater. The ecological tree pond includes: a float, an abandoned drainage ditch and a water distribution area. One end of the abandoned drainage ditch is provided with an inflow port, and the other end is connected with a sewage pipeline. The bottom surface of the abandoned drainage ditch is provided with a first channel adapted to the float. The bottom of the abandoned drainage ditch and the water distribution area are provided with a stagnant storage space, the float is arranged in the stagnant storage space, the float can move up and down in the first through hole, and the upper surface of the float is flush with the bottom surface of the abandoned drainage ditch or Above the bottom of the waste drain. Its working method is based on the float to realize automatic flow abandonment, which can be automatically reset after the rain, without manual operation, and efficient flow abandonment, which effectively solves the problem that pollutants in the early runoff may cause blockage of tree ponds during operation, damage to arborvitae, and snowmelt runoff. The impact of facility operation, etc.

Description

Ecological tree pond and working method for float automatic control of early rainwater abandonment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rainwater control and rainwater utilization, in particular to an ecological tree pond and a working method for which a float automatically controls the abandoned flow of rainwater in the initial stage.

Background technique

Urban rainwater runoff carries a large number of different types of pollutants, which is one of the key factors threatening the quality of urban water environment. A large number of studies have shown that for the runoff from the source catchment surface such as roads and roofs, the initial scouring of pollutants is usually more obvious. That is to say, the initial concentration of runoff pollutants on this kind of catchment surface is significantly higher than that in the later runoff, and the smaller volume in the early runoff carries a larger proportion of the total rainfall. Therefore, if the initial stormwater runoff pollution can be effectively controlled, it can be extremely economical and efficient to control the runoff pollution, thereby providing important support for ensuring the quality of the urban water environment. How to realize the effective control of initial rainwater, volume control and flow control are usually used in research and practice. Volume control is to control a certain runoff volume in the early stage of runoff generation (generally, it can be understood that the fixed rainfall corresponding to its catchment surface); and flow control refers to the use of abandoned pipes and canals to abandon a certain fixed flow of rainwater in the whole process of runoff. Runoff (including runoff with higher pollution concentration in the initial runoff and lower pollution level in the middle and later stages).

The two methods have their own advantages and corresponding limitations. For volume control, it is usually necessary to set up specific structures to store a certain volume of initial runoff, although it can ensure that only the initial rainwater with higher pollution levels in the initial runoff will be discarded, and the efficiency of discarding the runoff will be guaranteed. High, but usually in order to ensure the effective control of initial rainwater pollution, even if the size of the abandonment pool is determined according to the initial rainfall of 2-3mm, the volume of the abandonment facility is still large, and there will be a larger space requirement, especially for those with a larger area. Large catchment surfaces, such as roofs of large public buildings, multiple roads, etc. The large space requirement limits the application of the initial flow abandonment facility based on volume control to a certain extent; for flow control, the abandoned flow is abandoned through the preset flow abandonment pipe (canal), commonly known as "small pipe abandonment". The abandonment device requires less space and does not require storage facilities for initial rainwater abandonment. However, the biggest problem with this method is the abandonment of the entire process of rainwater runoff, and the runoff with lower pollution levels in the middle and later stages of the runoff will also be discarded. The discarding efficiency cannot be effectively guaranteed. What's more serious is that no matter which method is adopted in the initial rainwater abandonment, the rainwater runoff after the abandonment is discharged to the sewage pipeline, and then finally enters the sewage treatment plant. The pipeline finally enters the sewage treatment plant, and the low-concentration influent will seriously affect the operation efficiency of the sewage treatment plant (due to the low concentration of pollutants and the lack of carbon sources, the operation of the biological treatment process of the sewage plant will be affected). In view of the above, how to realize the efficient abandonment of the initial rainwater runoff is a key problem to be solved urgently in this field.

The ecological tree pond, as a typical urban rainwater control and utilization technical measure, is also a common technical measure in the current sponge city construction. For the ecological tree pond, how to effectively control the initial runoff pollution of the road and realize the efficient abandonment of the initial rainwater runoff is also a key problem to be solved urgently in this field. The ecological tree ponds that have been disclosed based on the initial rainwater and snowmelt runoff abandonment technology can achieve a certain degree of pollution control effect on the initial rainwater and snowmelt runoff, but there are one or more of the following problems: 1) For the initial runoff and snowmelt runoff Most of the snowmelt runoff abandonment methods are manual, which consumes a lot of manpower and increases operation and maintenance costs; 2) It does not effectively solve the limitations of using volume control or flow control to achieve initial rainwater abandonment, the efficiency of abandonment and initial runoff pollution. Control efficiency is not high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an ecological tree pond and a working method in which a float automatically controls the abandoned flow of initial rainwater, so as to solve the technical problems that the ecological tree pond in the prior art consumes a lot of manpower, increases operation and maintenance costs and is inefficient. question.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment of the present invention provides an ecological tree pond in which a float automatically controls the initial rainwater abandonment, including: a float, an abandoned drainage ditch and a water distribution area. One end of the abandoned drainage ditch is provided with an inflow port, and the other One end is communicated with the sewage pipeline, the bottom surface of the abandoned drainage ditch is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole is matched with the float, and the lower part of the abandoned drainage ditch is provided with a dam that communicates with it. storage space, a stagnant storage space is provided below the water distribution area, the float is arranged in the stagnant storage space below the abandoned drainage ditch, and the float can move up and down in the first through hole move, and the upper surface of the float is flush with the bottom surface of the waste drainage ditch or higher than the bottom surface of the waste drainage ditch; when the upper surface of the float is flush with the top of the waste drainage ditch, the The cross-section of the float is adapted to the cross-section of the abandoned drainage ditch, and the rainwater runoff enters from the inflow port, and then overflows through the abandoned drainage ditch and enters the water distribution area; The surface is flush with the bottom of the abandoned drainage ditch, or when the upper surface of the float does not exceed the set height of the cross-section of the abandoned drainage ditch, the rainwater runoff in the abandoned drainage ditch is discharged to sewage pipeline.

Wherein, the ecological tree pond further includes an overflow area and a grille, the top of the overflow area is connected with the top of the water distribution area, and the grille is vertically arranged in the overflow area and the water distribution area. between districts.

Wherein, the ecological tree pond further comprises a first perforated drainage board and a second perforated drainage board, the surfaces of the first perforated drainage board and the second perforated drainage board are both provided with a plurality of second through holes, the A perforated drainage plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the water distribution area, the second perforated drainage plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the overflow area, and the grille is vertically arranged on the first perforated drainage plate and the between the second perforated drain panels.

Wherein, the ecological tree pond further comprises an arc-shaped deflector, the arc-shaped deflector is vertically connected to the upper surface of the first perforated drainage plate, and is located on the side of the first perforated drainage plate, so One end of the arc-shaped deflector extends toward the waste drainage ditch, and the other end of the arc-shaped deflector extends toward the second perforated drainage plate.

Wherein, the ecological tree pond also includes a water purification area, a tree pond planting area and a centralized entrance, one end of the centralized entrance is set on the side of the second perforated drainage plate and communicated with the top of the second perforated drainage plate, The other end of the centralized entrance is connected to the water purification area, and the tree pond planting area is located in the water purification area.

Wherein, the ecological tree pond also includes an outflow area and an overflow port, one end of the overflow port is set on the side of the overflow area and communicated with the overflow area, and the elevation of the overflow port is Higher than the elevation of the centralized inlet, the other end of the overflow port is connected to the outflow area, and the outflow area is connected to the rainwater pipeline.

Wherein, the ecological tree pond further includes a perforated drainage pipe, the perforated drainage pipe is horizontally arranged below the planting area of the tree pond, and a plurality of third through holes are arranged on the peripheral side of the perforated drainage pipe, and the perforated drainage pipe is provided with a plurality of third through holes. One end of the tube communicates with the outflow zone.

Wherein, the ecological tree pool further includes a rail, a protrusion and a brake pad, the protrusion is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the float, and the rail is vertically fixed on the inner peripheral side of the first through hole, so The protruding blocks are correspondingly embedded in the rails, and the rails and the protruding blocks are slidable relative to each other, and the braking pads are arranged on the top of the waste drainage ditch.

The invention also discloses a working method of the ecological tree pond in which the float automatically controls the early rainwater abandonment flow according to the present invention, including:

When there is no rainfall, the float is located in the storage space below the abandoned drainage ditch, and the upper surface of the float is flush with the bottom surface of the abandoned drainage ditch;

When the rainfall is less than or equal to the maximum flow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch, the rainwater enters the abandoned drainage ditch from the inflow port, and is discharged from the sewage pipeline;

When the rainfall is greater than the maximum flow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch, the rainwater runoff flows through the abandoned drainage ditch and enters the water distribution area, and penetrates into the planting soil layer and the sandstone layer below the water distribution area;

When the rainwater floods the planting soil layer and enters the storage space, the float floats up due to buoyancy, and gradually rises from the first through hole, and finally the upper surface of the float is connected to the top of the abandoned drainage ditch. The surface is flush, thereby preventing rainwater from draining from the waste drain to the sewage pipe.

Among them, the overflow area, the clean water area and the outflow area are also included:

When the rainfall is greater than the maximum flow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch, the rainwater runoff flows through the abandoned drainage ditch, flows to the water distribution area and the overflow area in sequence, and passes through the concentration of the overflow area. The entrance enters into the tree pond planting area in the water purification area;

When the rainfall continues to increase, the water level in the storage space rises, and when the water level exceeds the position of the overflow port, it flows from the overflow port to the outflow area, and is discharged through the rainwater pipeline;

When the rainfall ends, the stagnant rainwater runoff in the stagnant storage space penetrates through the tree pond planting area, and after purification, the rainwater runoff is discharged into the perforated drainage pipe, and finally enters the rainwater pipe; as the water level in the stagnant storage space drops, The float is lowered to restore the initial state before the rain.

(3) Beneficial effects

The embodiment of the present invention provides an ecological tree pond and a working method in which a float automatically controls the abandoned flow of initial rainwater. Based on the degree of rainfall, the automatic reset of the float is used to control the automatic abandonment of the initial rainwater, that is, when the initial rainfall is small, Rainwater is discharged into the sewage pipeline through the abandoned drainage ditch. When the rainfall is large in the middle and later stages, the abandoned drainage ditch will be submerged and entered into the water distribution area for storage; if the rainfall continues, the rainwater will enter the storage space, causing the float to float up and block the abandoned drainage ditch. When the rainfall stops or gradually decreases, the rainwater level in the storage space drops, the float sinks, and the abandoned drainage ditch can play its role again to abandon the flow. The present invention solves the limitation of the traditional early stage abandonment facilities based on volume control and flow control, not only avoids the need for initial rainwater storage space when volume control is used, but also effectively solves the problem of pollution in the middle and later stages of rainfall when flow control is used. The problem of "ineffective" abandonment of runoff at a lower level can be efficiently abandoned for the initial stormwater runoff with a higher pollution level. The facility is automatically controlled by the float. After a rain, the float is automatically reset without manual operation, which greatly reduces the operation and maintenance requirements of the facility in the later stage; through efficient flow abandonment, the runoff or snowmelt with a high concentration of particulate pollutants in the early runoff surface of the road catchment can be realized. The runoff is discarded to the sewage pipeline, which effectively solves the problems that the initial runoff pollutants may cause the blockage of the tree pond during the operation, damage to the tree pond, and the impact of snowmelt runoff on the operation of the facility.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the top view of the ecological tree pond in which the float automatically controls the initial rainwater abandonment flow according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the D-D sectional view of Fig. 1;

6 is a schematic diagram of the water flow of the first perforated drainage plate, the second perforated drainage plate and the abandoned drainage ditch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the water flow in the stagnant storage space according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the flow direction schematic diagram of the water flow of Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 is the flow direction schematic diagram of the water flow of Fig. 5;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the position of the float when there is no rain or light rain;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the position of the float during moderate rain;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the position of the float during heavy rain.

Reference number:

1: Inlet; 2: Waste drain; 3: Float; 4: Connection frame; 5: Brake pad; 6: Sewage pipe; 7: The first perforated drainage plate; 8: The first perforated drainage plate ring; 9: grille; 10: second perforated drainage plate; 11: second perforated drainage plate ring; 12: centralized entrance; 13: storage space; 14: planting soil layer; 15: sand and gravel layer; 16: perforated drainage pipe ;17: Outflow well; 18: Rainwater pipe; 19: Overflow port; 20: First cover plate; 21: First cover plate ring; 22: Second cover plate; 23: Second cover plate ring; 24: The third cover; 25: The third cover ring; 26: The fourth cover; 27: The fourth cover ring; 28: The tree pond planting protection frame; 29: The tree pond planting protection frame ring; 30: The outer wall of the tree pond 31: Water distribution area; 32: Overflow area; 33: Outflow area; 34: Water purification area; 35: Tree pond planting area; 36: Beam; 37: Concrete layer;

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 , an embodiment of the present invention discloses an ecological tree pond in which a float automatically controls initial rainwater abandonment, including: a float 3 , an abandoned drainage ditch 2 and a water distribution area 31 , one end of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 There is an inflow port 1, and the other end is connected with a sewage pipe 6. The bottom surface of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole is matched with the float 3, and the bottom of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 is provided with the same The connected storage space 13, the lower part of the water distribution area 31 is provided with the storage space 13 connected with it, the float 3 is arranged in the storage space 13 under the abandoned drainage ditch 2, and the float 3 can move up and down in the first through hole, And the upper surface of the float 3 is flush with the bottom surface of the abandoned drain 2 or higher than the bottom surface of the abandoned drain 2; when the upper surface of the float 3 is flush with the top of the abandoned drain 2, the cross section of the float 3 is equal to The cross section of the drainage ditch 2 is adapted, and the rainwater runoff enters from the inlet 1, then flows through the abandoned drainage ditch 2 and enters the water distribution area 31; when the upper surface of the float 3 is flush with the bottom of the abandoned drainage ditch 2, or when the When the upper surface of the float 3 does not exceed the set height of the cross section of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 (the set height should not be higher than 1/3 of the cross section of the abandoned drainage ditch 2), the inside of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 The rainwater runoff is discharged to the sewage pipeline 6 to realize the abandonment of the initial rainwater.

Specifically, the underlying structure of the ecological tree pond in this embodiment includes a bottom-up concrete layer 37, a sandstone layer 15 and a planting soil layer 14, wherein the outflow area 33 does not have the underlying structure, and the outflow area 33 is the outflow area 33. Flow well 17 structure. The stagnant storage space 13 is the upper space of the planting soil layer 14 in the entire tree pond, and its main function is to stagnate and store rainwater runoff in the middle and later stages. The planting soil layer 14 is located below the float 3, and the function of the planting soil layer 14 is to plant arborvitae and use the soil medium to purify the rainwater runoff. The sandstone layer 15 is located below the planting soil layer 14 . The concrete layer 37 provides support for the entire tree pool, and can be built with bricks on site and plastered with cement mortar, or a one-piece structure, made of cast iron or stainless steel or polyvinyl chloride.

The inflow port 1 is a water inflow structure for the tree pond to receive surface runoff. In road applications, it is usually a curb opening on one side of the road. The elevation of inlet 1 is the same as that of the road or slightly lower than the elevation of the urban road. The main purpose is to facilitate the effective collection of urban road rainwater runoff, so that the rainwater runoff enters the ecological tree pool from the inlet 1.

The abandoned drainage ditch 2 is an important component for the realization of the rainwater abandonment function in the initial stage of the ecological tree pond. One end is connected to the inflow port 1 , and the other end is connected to the sewage pipe 6 . The elevation of the end of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 connected to the inflow 1 is not higher than the elevation of the inflow 1 to ensure that the initial rainwater runoff and snowmelt runoff can flow into the abandoned drainage ditch 2 . The other end of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 is connected to the sewage pipeline 6 , and its elevation needs to ensure that the abandoned runoff can be smoothly discharged into the sewage pipeline 6 . The waste drainage ditch 2 can be built with bricks on site and plastered with cement mortar, or it can be an integrated structure, made of cast iron, stainless steel, or polyvinyl chloride. The main function of the sewage pipeline 6 is to discharge the initial rainwater runoff and snowmelt runoff of the abandoned flow.

The float 3 is arranged in the middle section of the horizontal position of the waste drainage ditch 2 (ie between the inlet 1 and the sewage pipe 6 ), and the shape of the float 3 is a cuboid, a cylinder or an elliptical cylinder. In the non-rainfall period, the float 3 is located on the surface of the planting soil layer 14 directly under the abandoned drainage ditch 2, and the upper surface of the float 3 is equal to the bottom surface of the abandoned drainage ditch 2; during the rainfall period, after the rainfall lasts for a period of time, when the planting soil layer 14 When the water content reaches the saturated water content, the storage space 13 above the planting soil layer 14 begins to store water, the rainwater runoff stored in the storage space 13 gradually accumulates, and the float 3 floats when the buoyancy is greater than its own gravity, until the upper surface of the float 3 Until it is flush with the top of the abandoned drainage ditch 2, the water flow in the abandoned drainage ditch 2 is blocked. At this time, the abandoned drainage ditch 2 stops the abandoned flow to the sewage pipeline 6; the rainfall gradually decreases to the end, and the inflow decreases to a complete stop. The water level of the storage space 13 for storing runoff is also gradually decreasing, and the float 3 gradually decreases with the decrease of the height of the water level, until the float 3 completely falls to the surface of the planting soil layer 14, and the abandoned drainage ditch 2 resumes its abandoned function again. The float 3 can be made of plastic materials such as polyvinyl chloride, and has a hollow or solid structure, so as to ensure that it floats according to the design requirements.

The water distribution area 31 is the inner area of the solid container, and its main function is to infiltrate and discharge the rainwater runoff in the middle and late stages after the abandoned flow into the storage space 13 and the planting soil layer 14 .

The shape of the first through hole in this embodiment is the same as the shape of the float 3 , and the size of the first through hole is slightly larger than the size of the float 3 to ensure that the float 3 can pass through the first through hole, and the first through hole and the float 3 are separated from each other. The gap between them is less than 1mm, and the lower value should be used as far as possible on the premise that the float 3 can float up and down. A waterproof and leak-proof material can be set between the first through hole and the float 3 to prevent rainwater from leaking into the storage space from the gap. 13 and 14 in the planting soil layer.

When the upper surface of the float 3 is flush with the top of the abandoned drainage ditch 2, the float 3 can completely intercept the water flow in the abandoned drainage ditch 2 to the sewage pipe 6, that is, the float 3 can completely cover the abandoned drainage ditch 2 at this time. Cross-section. Preferably, the cross section of the waste drainage ditch 2 is selected as a rectangle, the shape of the float 3 is also a cuboid, the shape of the first through hole is also a rectangle, and the float 3 rises from the first through hole to the end of the waste drainage ditch 2 At the top, due to the obstruction of the float 3, the rainwater cannot pass from the abandoned drainage ditch 2 into the sewage pipe 6. At this time, a small amount of rainwater that has entered the abandoned drainage ditch 2 (and between the inlet 1 and the float 3) The rainwater runoff is temporarily stored in the abandoned drainage ditch 2, and the rainwater runoff entering from the inlet 1 will flow through the abandoned drainage ditch 2 and enter the water distribution area 31; 3 returns to the initial state, and a small amount of initial rainwater temporarily stored in the abandoned drainage ditch 2 between the inlet 1 and the float 3 is discarded again to the sewage pipeline 6 through the abandoned drainage ditch.

The embodiment of the present invention provides an ecological tree pond and a working method in which a float automatically controls the abandonment of initial rainwater. Based on the degree of rainfall, the automatic reset of the float 3 is used to control the automatic abandonment of rainwater, that is, when the initial rainfall is small, The rainwater is discharged into the sewage pipeline 6 through the abandoned drainage ditch 2. When the rainfall is relatively large in the middle and later stages, the abandoned drainage ditch 2 is submerged and entered into the water distribution area 31 for storage; when the rainfall continues, the rainwater enters the stagnant storage space 13, causing the float 3 to float up and The flow path of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 is blocked, and the flow is no longer abandoned at this time; when the rainfall stops or gradually decreases, the rainwater level in the stagnant storage space 13 drops, the float 3 sinks, and the abandoned drainage ditch 2 can play its role again to discharge the water. flow. The present invention solves the limitation of the traditional abandonment facility based on volume control and flow control. The facility is automatically controlled by the float 3. After a rainfall, the float 3 is automatically reset without manual operation, which greatly reduces the later operation and maintenance requirements of the facility. ;Through high-efficiency abandonment, the runoff with high concentration of particulate pollutants in the early runoff surface of the road catchment surface or the snowmelt runoff is discarded to the sewage pipeline 6, which effectively solves the problem that the pollutants in the early runoff may cause the blockage of the tree pond during the operation and affect the trees and plants. damage, and the impact of snowmelt runoff on facility operations.

Among them, the ecological tree pond in this embodiment also includes an overflow area 32 and a grille 9, the top of the overflow area 32 communicates with the top of the water distribution area 31, and the grille 9 is vertically arranged in the overflow area 32 and the water distribution area 31. between. In this embodiment, the overflow area 32 is arranged beside the water distribution area 31, and the grille 9 has a grid for separating the water distribution area 31 and the overflow area 32, and mainly intercepts large suspended solids and floating substances in the inflow runoff. The grille 9 can be made of cast iron or stainless steel or polyvinyl chloride.

The ecological tree pond in this embodiment further includes a first perforated drainage plate 7 and a second perforated drainage plate 10. The surfaces of the first perforated drainage plate 7 and the second perforated drainage plate 10 are provided with a plurality of second through holes. A perforated drainage plate 7 is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the water distribution area 31 , the second perforated drainage plate 10 is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the overflow area 32 , and the grille 9 is vertically arranged on the first perforated drainage plate 7 and the second perforated drainage plate 10 In between, the bottom of the grille 9 is level with the top of the first perforated drainage plate 7 and the top of the second perforated drainage plate 10 . Specifically, the first perforated drainage plate 7 and the second perforated drainage plate 10 in this embodiment may be of an integrated structure, and the material is cast iron or stainless steel or polyvinyl chloride. The first perforated drainage plate 7 and the second perforated drainage plate 10 disperse and infiltrate the abandoned rainwater runoff in the middle and late stages into the storage space 13 of the water distribution area 31 and the overflow area 32 through their second through holes to ensure uniform water distribution. 2. Avoid rainwater runoff from scouring the soil layer, wherein the first perforated drainage plate 7 and the second perforated drainage plate 10 are communicated through the grille 9, that is, the rainwater enters the storage space 13 through the second through hole of the first perforated drainage plate 7, and the excess The water that cannot be discharged is filtered through the grille 9 and then passed into the second perforated drainage plate 10 , and then enters the stagnant storage space 13 through the second through holes thereof. Further, it also includes a first perforated drainage plate ring 8 for fixing the first perforated drainage plate 7 and a second perforated drainage plate ring 11 for fixing the second perforated drainage plate 10. The first perforated drainage plate ring 8 is located in the water distribution plate. Inside the area 31 and above the planting soil layer 14 , the second perforated drainage plate ring 11 is located inside the overflow area 32 and above the planting soil layer 14 .

The ecological tree pond in this embodiment further includes an arc-shaped deflector 38 , which is vertically connected to the upper surface of the first perforated drainage plate 7 and located on the side of the first perforated drainage plate 7 . , one end of the arc-shaped deflector 38 extends toward the waste drainage ditch 2 , and the other end of the arc-shaped deflector 38 extends toward the second perforated drainage plate 10 . In this embodiment, the arc-shaped deflector plate 38 plays a role in diverting the water flow. Specifically, the water flow is diverted from the first perforated drainage plate 7 to the second perforated drainage plate 10 .

Among them, the ecological tree pond in this embodiment also includes a water purification area 34, a tree pond planting area 35 and a centralized entrance 12, and one end of the centralized entrance 12 is provided on the side of the second perforated drainage plate 10 and above the second perforated drainage plate 10. The other end of the centralized inlet 12 is connected to the water purification area 34 , and the tree pond planting area 35 is located in the water purification area 34 . In this embodiment, the tree pond planting area 35 is used for planting trees, and the water in the overflow area 32 is discharged to the water purification area 34 through the centralized inlet 12 to provide water source for the tree pond planting area 35 in the water purification area 34 . Specifically, the bottom of the concentrated inlet 12 is flush with the bottom of the second perforated drainage plate 10 , allowing rainwater runoff to flow into the water purification zone 34 . The primary functions of the water purification zone 34 are retention and storage and purification of storm water runoff. The tree pond planting area 35 is located inside the water purification area 34, and its main function is to purify the rainwater runoff, filter the pollutants in the runoff, store and infiltrate part of the rainwater runoff, and the infiltrated runoff is collected through the perforated drainage pipe 16 to the outflow area 33, and then connected to the outflow area 33. into the rainwater pipe 18 for discharge.

Among them, the ecological tree pond in this embodiment also includes an outflow area 33 and an overflow port 19. One end of the overflow port 19 is arranged on the side of the overflow area 32 and communicates with the overflow area 32, and the elevation of the overflow port 19 is Higher than the elevation of the centralized inlet 12 , the other end of the overflow port 19 is connected to the outflow area 33 , and the outflow area 33 is connected to the rainwater pipe 18 . In this embodiment, when too much rainwater is stored in the overflow area 32, that is, when the water level in the storage space rises to exceed the position of the overflow port 19, the rainwater is directly discharged from the overflow port 19 to the outflow area 33, In order to timely discharge the rainwater runoff that exceeds the storage capacity of the ecological tree pond to ensure the safety of drainage.

The ecological tree pond in this embodiment also includes a perforated drainage pipe 16, which is horizontally arranged below the tree pond planting area 35, and a plurality of third through holes are provided on the peripheral side of the perforated drainage pipe 16. The perforated drainage pipe 16 One end is communicated with the outflow area 33 . Specifically, the perforated drainage pipe 16 is made of cast iron or stainless steel or polyvinyl chloride material, and its surface is wrapped with materials such as permeable geotextiles to prevent large particles from entering the perforated drainage pipe 16, and is arranged in the sandstone layer 15 to penetrate the rainwater. The runoff is collected and passed into the outflow area 33 and discharged uniformly through the rainwater pipe 18 . Stormwater runoff in the outflow zone 33 includes stormwater runoff from the overflow opening 19 of the overflow zone 32 and stormwater runoff from the perforated drain pipe 16 . The main function of the perforated drainage pipe 16 is to collect the rainwater runoff infiltrated in the tree pond, and discharge the runoff to the outflow area 33. The outflow area 33 is provided with an outflow well 17, and the main function of the outflow well 17 is to collect the perforated drainage pipe. The rainwater runoff in the outlet 16 is collected, and the runoff overflowed by the overflow port 19 is collected. The main function of the rainwater pipe 18 is to discharge the rainwater runoff collected in the outlet well 17 . Formally, the outflow well 17 can be built with bricks on site and plastered with cement mortar, or it can be an integrally formed structure, and the material is cast iron, stainless steel, or polyvinyl chloride.

Among them, the ecological tree pool of this embodiment also includes a track, a protrusion and a brake pad 5, the protrusion is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the float 3, the track is vertically fixed on the inner peripheral side of the first through hole, and the protrusion is matched and embedded correspondingly. In the track, that is, the shape, size and setting position of the track and the protrusion are matched, so that the protrusion can be embedded in the track, and lubricating oil is applied between the track and the protrusion, so that the rail and the protrusion can slide relative to each other without rain. It will leak into the storage space 13 through the gap between the two, and the brake pad 5 is arranged on the top of the waste drainage ditch 2 . In this embodiment, the upper end of the rail is fixed on the top of the first through hole, and the lower end is located in the storage space 13 and extends toward the planting soil layer 14, but is not connected to the planting soil layer 14, so that the rail can be vertically fixed in the storage space 13, the shape of the track is the same as the shape of the float 3, and the automatic reset movement of the float 3 can be ensured by the sliding arrangement between the protrusion and the track. The combination of the track and the protrusion in this embodiment constitutes the connecting frame 4 in the drawing. The connecting frame 4 is located between the float 3 and the first through hole. The main function of the brake pad 5 is to float on the upper surface of the float 3 Brake when it reaches the same elevation as the top of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 to ensure that the float 3 will not shift during the up and down sliding process.

Among them, it also includes a cover plate assembly and a cover plate ring assembly, the cover plate assembly includes a first cover plate 20, a second cover plate 22, a third cover plate 24 and a fourth cover plate 26, and the cover plate ring assembly includes a first cover plate Ring 21 , second cover ring 23 , third cover ring 25 and fourth cover ring 27 . The first cover plate 20 is located in the outflow area 33 and is the cover plate of the outflow well 17 . The first cover plate ring 21 is located in the outflow area 33 and is the plate ring of the outflow well 17 for supporting the first cover plate 20 . The second cover plate 22 is located in the overflow area 32 and is the cover plate of the second perforated drainage plate 10 . The second cover plate ring 23 is located in the overflow area 32 and is a plate ring of the second cover plate 22 for supporting the second cover plate 22 . The third cover plate 24 is located in the water distribution area 31 and is the cover plate of the first perforated drainage plate 7 . The third cover plate ring 25 is located in the water distribution area 31 and is a plate ring of the third cover plate 24 for supporting the third cover plate 24 . The fourth cover plate 26 is located in the water purification area 34 and is a cover plate above the water purification area 34 . The fourth cover plate ring 27 is located in the water purification area 34 and is a plate ring of the fourth cover plate 26 for supporting the fourth cover plate 26 .

Among them, the tree pond planting protection frame 28 is also included, which is arranged above the tree pond planting area 35 . The main function is to protect the tree pond and prevent pedestrians from stepping on it, thereby changing the soil properties, making the soil on the surface of the tree pond hard, reducing the penetration and filtration performance of the tree pond, and affecting the growth of plants in the tree pond. The tree pond planting protection frame 28 is flush with the fourth cover plate 26 in elevation, and the tree pond planting protection frame 28 can be made of polyvinyl chloride, cast iron or stainless steel.

Among them, a tree pond planting protection frame ring 29 is also included, which is arranged below the tree pond planting protection frame 28 and whose main function is to support the tree pond planting protection frame 28 .

Among them, the outer wall 30 of the tree pond is also included, which is the outer edge of the entire tree pond. It can be built with bricks on site and plastered with cement mortar, or it can be an integrated structure, and the material is cast iron or stainless steel.

Among them, a beam 36 is also included, and the beam 36 is connected between the outer wall 30 of the tree pool and each cover plate ring, which mainly provides support for the plate ring, and is made of cast iron or stainless steel.

As shown in Fig. 10 to Fig. 12, the present invention also discloses a working method of the ecological tree pond according to the above-mentioned embodiment, including:

When there is no rainfall, the float 3 is located in the storage space 13 below the abandoned drainage ditch 2, and the upper surface of the float 3 is flush with the bottom surface of the abandoned drainage ditch 2;

When the rainfall is less than or equal to the maximum flow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 , the rainwater enters the abandoned drainage ditch 2 from the inflow port 1 and is discharged from the sewage pipe 6 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10 , when it is not raining, the float 3 is located above the planting soil layer 14 , and the top of the float 3 is level with the bottom of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 , which is the initial state.

When the rainfall is greater than the maximum flow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 , the rainwater runoff flows through the abandoned drainage ditch 2 and enters the water distribution area 31 , and penetrates into the planting soil layer 14 and the sandstone layer 15 below the water distribution area 31 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10 , when the rainfall is small, after the rainfall produces runoff, the initially heavily polluted rainwater runoff is discharged into the sewage pipeline 6 through the abandoned drainage ditch 2 . As the rainfall continues, the initial rainwater will be discharged from the tree pond, and the flow rate of the tree pond inlet 1 will increase. When the maximum flow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch 2 is exceeded, the rainwater runoff will flow through the inlet 1, through the abandoned drainage ditch 2, and enter the first drainage ditch 2. In the area of the perforated drainage plate 7, through the second through hole, the runoff is dispersed into the storage space 13 and infiltrated through the planting soil layer 14. However, due to the small rainfall, the upper layer of the planting soil (that is, the storage space 13 ) has not been able to store water. The float 3 is now above the planting soil layer 14, and the top of the float 3 is equal to the bottom of the abandoned drainage ditch 2. state.

When the rainwater floods the planting soil layer 14 and enters the storage space 13, the float 3 floats up due to buoyancy, and gradually rises from the first through hole, and finally the upper surface of the float 3 is flush with the top surface of the abandoned drainage ditch 2, thereby blocking rainwater Discharge from the waste drainage ditch 2 to the sewage pipe 6 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11 , as the rainfall continues, when the water content of the planting soil layer 14 reaches saturation, the rainwater runoff begins to store water in the upper space of the planting soil layer 14 (ie, the stagnant storage space 13 ). The water level inside the space 13 gradually rises. When the buoyancy is greater than the weight of the float 3 itself, the float 3 floats up according to the predetermined track through the protrusions, until the water level inside the storage space 13 stops rising, the float 3 stops sliding, but does not reach the point of abandonment. At the top of the drainage ditch 2, the brake pad 5 does not play a role at this time, but the float 3 has played a certain role in blocking the water flow of the abandoned drainage ditch 2. The rainfall gradually decreases to the end, the inflow decreases to a complete stop, the water level of the storage space 13 gradually drops to the surface of the planting soil layer 14, and the float 3 gradually falls to the surface of the planting soil as the water level drops, and the float 3 is reset to the initial state.

As shown in Figure 12, when the rainfall is heavy, the initial runoff after the rainfall is produced is discharged to the sewage pipeline 6 through the abandoned drainage ditch 2; During the maximum flow rate, the rainwater inflow will flow through the waste drainage ditch 2 through the inflow port 1, and enter the area of the first perforated drainage plate 7. When the water content of the planting soil layer 14 reaches saturation, the rainwater runoff begins to flow in the upper space of the planting soil layer 14 ( That is, the stagnant storage space 13) starts to store water. When the buoyancy of the float 3 is greater than its own gravity, the float 3 slides upward through the cooperative relationship between the protrusion and the track. Sliding upward, when the water level of the storage space 13 rises to a certain height, the float 3 contacts the brake pad 5 and the float 3 no longer floats. As the rainfall continues, the inflow continues to increase, exceeding the drainage capacity of the second through holes of the first perforated drainage plate 7. The runoff carries large particle pollutants and floating garbage into the area of the grille 9, and the runoff passes through the grille 9 into the overflow area. The flow area 32 enters the storage space 13 through the second perforated drainage plate 10 and the centralized inlet 12 , and the large particle pollutants and floating garbage are intercepted by the grille 9 in the area of the first perforated drainage plate 7 .

Among them, the overflow area 32, the water purification area 34 and the outflow area 33 are also included:

When the rainfall is greater than the maximum flow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch 2, the rainwater runoff flows through the abandoned drainage ditch 2, flows to the water distribution area 31 and the overflow area 32 in turn, and enters the net through the centralized inlet 12 of the overflow area 32. tree pond planting area 35 in water area 34;

When the rainfall continues to increase, the water level in the storage space 13 rises, and when the water level exceeds the position of the overflow port 19, it flows from the overflow port 19 to the outflow area 33, and is discharged through the rainwater pipe 18;

When the rainfall ends, the rainwater runoff stored in the storage space 13 penetrates through the tree pond planting area 35, and after purification, the rainwater runoff is discharged into the perforated drainage pipe 16, and finally enters the rainwater pipe 18; as the water level in the storage space 13 drops, the float 3. Descend along the track, restore the initial state before the rain, and realize automatic reset.

Specifically, the runoff after the initial abandoned flow enters the storage space 13 through the centralized inlet 12, the first perforated drainage plate 7 and the second perforated drainage plate 10, and penetrates into the planting soil layer 14 and the sandstone layer 15, and is collected after being filtered and purified. Enter the perforated drain pipe 16, and then concentrate the discharge to the outflow well 17.

As the rainfall continues, when the storage space 13 reaches the maximum storage capacity, the rainwater runoff continues to flow in. At this time, after being intercepted by the grille 9, the runoff overflows to the outflow well 17 through the overflow port 19, and finally flows into the rainwater pipeline. 18. In the later period, the rainfall gradually decreased to the end, the inflow decreased to a complete stop, the water level of the storage space 13 gradually dropped to the surface of the planting soil layer 14, and the float 3 gradually fell to the surface of the planting soil as the water level dropped, and the float 3 was reset to the initial state .

The first cover plate 20, the second cover plate 22, the third cover plate 24 and the fourth cover plate 26 can all be opened during non-rainfall time to carry out the operation and maintenance of the ecological tree pond, usually after 1-2 heavy rains, Open the third cover plate 24 to clean up the large particle pollutants and floating garbage intercepted by the grille 9. The first cover plate 20, the second cover plate 22 and the fourth cover plate 26 can be operated and maintained according to the needs of operation and maintenance. Start once for necessary dredging, inspection and maintenance work.

It is worth noting that the above "light rain", "moderate rain" and "heavy rain" can be determined according to local precipitation conditions. It is indicated that the actual water level line of different rainfall conditions is determined by factors such as local rainfall, the size of the tree pond and the size of the catchment surface of the road.

The above is only an example of rainfall, and the working method of snowmelt runoff is similar to that of rainfall, and will not be repeated here.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. an ecological tree pond that floater automatically controls initial rainwater abandonment flow, it is characterized in that, comprise: floater, abandoned flow drainage ditch and water distribution area, one end of described abandoned flow drainage ditch is provided with inflow port, and the other end is communicated with sewage pipeline , the bottom surface of the abandoned drainage ditch is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole is adapted to the float, and the bottom of the abandoned drainage ditch is provided with a stagnant storage space that communicates with it. A stagnant storage space communicated with the water distribution area is provided below the water distribution area, the float is arranged in the stagnant storage space below the abandoned drainage ditch, the float can move up and down in the first through hole, and the The upper surface of the float is flush with the bottom surface of the waste drainage ditch or higher than the bottom surface of the waste drainage ditch; when the upper surface of the float is flush with the top of the waste drainage ditch, the cross section of the float In accordance with the cross section of the abandoned drainage ditch, rainwater runoff enters from the inflow port, and then overflows through the abandoned drainage ditch and enters the water distribution area; when the upper surface of the float is in contact with the abandoned drainage channel, the The bottom of the drainage ditch is flush, or when the upper surface of the float does not exceed the set height of the cross section of the abandoned drainage ditch, the rainwater runoff in the abandoned drainage ditch is discharged to the sewage pipe. 2. The ecological tree pond of claim 1, wherein the ecological tree pond of claim 1, wherein the ecological tree pond also comprises an overflow area and a grille, and the top of the overflow area is connected with the water distribution. The top of the area is communicated, and the grille is vertically arranged between the overflow area and the water distribution area. 3. The ecological tree pond in which the float automatically controls the early rainwater abandonment flow according to claim 2, wherein the ecological tree pond further comprises a first perforated drainage plate and a second perforated drainage plate, the first perforated drainage plate The surface of the plate and the second perforated drainage plate are provided with a plurality of second through holes, the first perforated drainage plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the water distribution area, and the second perforated drainage plate is horizontally arranged on the overflow At the bottom of the flow area, the grille is vertically arranged between the first perforated drainage plate and the second perforated drainage plate. 4. The ecological tree pond of claim 3, wherein the ecological tree pond is characterized in that the ecological tree pond further comprises an arc-shaped deflector, and the arc-shaped deflector is vertically connected to the The upper surface of the first perforated drainage plate is located on the side of the first perforated drainage plate. Extends toward the second perforated drain panel. 5. the ecological tree pond of the floater automatic control initial rainwater abandonment flow according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described ecological tree pond also comprises water purification area, tree pond planting area and centralized entrance, one end of described centralized entrance It is arranged on the side of the second perforated drainage plate and communicated with the top of the second perforated drainage plate. The other end of the centralized inlet is connected to the water purification area, and the tree pond planting area is located in the water purification area. Inside. 6. The ecological tree pond in which the float automatically controls the early stage rainwater abandonment flow according to claim 5, wherein the ecological tree pond also comprises an outflow area and an overflow port, and one end of the overflow port is provided in the The side of the overflow area is communicated with the overflow area, and the elevation of the overflow port is higher than the elevation of the concentrated inlet, and the other end of the overflow port is connected to the outflow area, and the The outflow area is connected to the storm water pipe. 7 . The ecological tree pond of claim 6 , wherein the ecological tree pond of claim 6 , wherein the ecological tree pond further comprises a perforated drainage pipe, and the perforated drainage pipe is horizontally arranged in the tree pond planting area. Below the perforated drainage pipe, a plurality of third through holes are provided on the peripheral side, and one end of the perforated drainage pipe is communicated with the outflow area. 8 . The ecological tree pond of claim 1 , wherein the ecological tree pond of claim 1, wherein the ecological tree pond further comprises a track, a bump and a brake pad, and the bump is arranged on the float. On the outer peripheral side of the first through hole, the rail is vertically fixed on the inner peripheral side of the first through hole, the protruding block is correspondingly embedded in the rail, and the rail and the protruding block can slide relative to each other, so The brake pad is arranged on the top of the waste drainage ditch. 9. The working method of the ecological tree pond of the floating automatic control of the initial rainwater abandonment flow as described in any one of claims 1-8, it is characterized in that, comprising: When there is no rainfall, the float is located in the storage space below the abandoned drainage ditch, and the upper surface of the float is flush with the bottom surface of the abandoned drainage ditch; When the rainfall is less than or equal to the maximum flow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch, the rainwater enters the abandoned drainage ditch from the inflow port, and is discharged from the sewage pipeline; When the rainfall is greater than the maximum flow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch, the rainwater runoff flows through the abandoned drainage ditch and enters the water distribution area, and penetrates into the planting soil layer and the sandstone layer below the water distribution area; When the rainwater floods the planting soil layer and enters the storage space, the float floats up due to buoyancy, and gradually rises from the first through hole, and finally the upper surface of the float is connected to the top of the abandoned drainage ditch. The surface is flush, thereby preventing rainwater from draining from the waste drain to the sewage pipe. 10. the working method of the ecological tree pond of the float automatic control initial rainwater abandonment flow according to claim 9, is characterized in that, also comprises overflow area, clean water area and outflow area: When the rainfall is greater than the maximum overflow capacity of the abandoned drainage ditch, the rainwater runoff flows through the abandoned drainage ditch, flows to the water distribution area and the overflow area in sequence, and enters through the centralized entrance of the overflow area. to the tree pond planting area in the water purification area; When the rainfall continues to increase, the water level in the storage space rises, and when the water level exceeds the position of the overflow port, it flows from the overflow port to the outflow area, and is discharged through the rainwater pipeline; When the rainfall ends, the stagnant rainwater runoff in the stagnant storage space penetrates through the tree pond planting area, and after purification, the rainwater runoff is discharged into the perforated drainage pipe, and finally enters the rainwater pipe; as the water level in the stagnant storage space drops, The float is lowered to restore the initial state before the rain.

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