CN111254938A - Foundation pit supporting structure based on side wall of underground chamber and reverse construction method thereof - Google Patents

Foundation pit supporting structure based on side wall of underground chamber and reverse construction method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111254938A
CN111254938A CN201811455366.2A CN201811455366A CN111254938A CN 111254938 A CN111254938 A CN 111254938A CN 201811455366 A CN201811455366 A CN 201811455366A CN 111254938 A CN111254938 A CN 111254938A
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horizontal
construction method
construction
basement
reverse
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CN111254938B (en
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李成
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Archiects (int'l) Ltd
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Archiects (int'l) Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/02Foundation pits
    • E02D17/04Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/02Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
    • E02D31/025Draining membranes, sheets or fabric specially adapted therefor, e.g. with dimples

Abstract

The invention discloses a foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of a basement and a reverse construction method thereof, namely, the reinforced concrete side wall is constructed on one side close to the basement of the existing building, so that the reinforced concrete side wall, a supporting pile and a pre-finished basement structure (namely, a structure of a non-reverse construction method area) of the basement support the soil body between the existing buildings together, thereby reducing the construction cost and ensuring the safety of the existing building on the premise of not influencing the construction period.

Description

Foundation pit supporting structure based on side wall of underground chamber and reverse construction method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to a foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of an underground chamber and a reverse construction method thereof.
Background
The reverse is with respect to the conventional sequence of building construction. The conventional sequence of building construction is to excavate the foundation pit first, then start from the basis, upward construction layer by layer, the required support of foundation pit excavation, the measure of construction, and the underground structure of building are irrelevant each other. The reverse construction method of the basement is to use the floor structure, the beam, the plate, the column and the outer wall structure of the basement as the support structure of the foundation pit enclosure structure and the foundation construction, and to construct the basement structure from top to bottom on the horizontal support system and the maintenance system in the pit, and meanwhile, to construct the upper structure. Therefore, the construction sequence is carried out from top to bottom, and the special requirements of underground structures, pit foundation support and reverse construction need to be solved in the structural design. The common reverse construction method is suitable for the conditions that the foundation pit is deep, the building site is narrow, and the surrounding environment has strict limitation on the horizontal deformation of the foundation pit supporting structure.
With the increasing density of urban buildings, the contradiction between parking and land resource scarcity is intensified, and therefore, the demand of underground garages is increased. However, various buildings are usually encountered around a newly-built underground garage, so when the excavation of a foundation pit of the underground garage is close to an existing building, that is, when the distance between the newly-built underground garage and an adjacent existing building is small, additional deformation of the surrounding building can occur, and when the additional deformation is too large, the structure can be cracked and damaged, so that the normal use of the surrounding building is affected, moreover, the floor of the newly-built garage is usually lower than the foundation of the existing building, and in some places, a slope placing condition is not provided between the foundation pit and the existing building, therefore, in order to reduce the influence of the construction of the foundation pit of the garage on the safety of the adjacent existing building, the design idea of foundation pit support is usually adopted, that is, according to different areas and geological conditions, pile plate retaining walls, pile plates, inner supports, underground continuous walls and the like are provided, but the construction cost is high, a large amount of slurry is generated, The problems that corresponding construction equipment conditions are not available locally, the whole construction period is influenced and the like are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a reverse construction method of a foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of an underground chamber.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a reverse construction method of a foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of a basement comprises the following steps:
firstly, constructing a non-topdown construction method area, and dividing the topdown construction method area close to one side of the existing building into a plurality of horizontal topdown construction method construction layers from top to bottom along the vertical direction;
then, constructing a plurality of support piles as structural side columns on one side close to the existing building, and dividing each horizontal top-down construction layer into a plurality of horizontal top-down construction sections along the horizontal direction; and finally, sequentially carrying out interval construction on all the horizontal reverse construction method construction sections in each horizontal reverse construction method construction layer according to the sequence from top to bottom.
The construction method comprises the following steps of:
firstly, excavating earth and stone, arranging a lintel on the ground exposed after excavation according to the construction elevation of each horizontal reverse construction method construction section, and implanting two ends of a longitudinal steel bar of the lintel into the support piles at two sides in a bar implanting manner;
secondly, building a protective wall on the lintel, simultaneously filling gaps formed by the uneveness of the excavation with mortar or plain concrete, and trowelling the inner side of the protective wall with the mortar;
thirdly, chiseling the interface between the supporting pile and the side wall to be poured, and cleaning;
then, paving a waterproof coiled material on the protection wall surface, and embedding two ends of the waterproof coiled material into the supporting piles;
and finally, pouring reinforced concrete to form the reinforced concrete side wall.
The reinforced concrete side wall comprises vertical steel bars and horizontal steel bars which are vertically lapped, wherein the tops of the vertical steel bars are implanted into a pre-constructed crown beam at the top of a basement, the left ends and the right ends of the horizontal steel bars are implanted into the supporting piles at the two sides of the basement, and the lapped parts where the vertical steel bars and the horizontal steel bars are lapped are bound by the steel bars; and the bottom of the vertical steel bar is provided with a lap joint section which is lapped with the vertical steel bar in the horizontal top-down construction method construction section below.
And an overlapping section which is overlapped with the waterproof coiled material in the horizontal reverse construction method construction section below is reserved at the bottom of the waterproof coiled material.
Furthermore, a water-swelling water stop strip is arranged at the joint of the waterproof coiled material and the support pile.
Further, the depth of the waterproof coiled material embedded into the support piles is 30-50 mm.
Furthermore, the height of the excavation of each horizontal reverse construction method construction section is 1-1.5 m.
And when the construction is carried out to the last horizontal reverse construction method construction layer, the basement ground beam and the floor waterproof coiled material are constructed, and the horizontal reverse construction method construction section in the last horizontal reverse construction method construction layer is constructed, the vertical steel bars in the reinforced concrete side walls are anchored into the ground beam, and the waterproof coiled material is lapped with the floor waterproof coiled material.
The diameter of the supporting pile is the same as that of an engineering pile embedded in the lower part of the basement floor, and a spiral hoop and a rechecking hoop are arranged in the supporting pile
Based on the construction method, the invention also provides a foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of the underground chamber, which is completed by adopting the construction method.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention discloses a foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of a basement and a reverse construction method thereof, namely, the reinforced concrete side wall is constructed on one side close to the basement of the existing building by a reverse construction method, so that the reinforced concrete side wall, a supporting pile and a pre-finished basement structure (namely a structure of a non-reverse construction method area) of the basement support the soil body between the existing buildings together, thereby reducing the construction cost on the premise of not influencing the construction period and ensuring the safety of the existing building.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a reverse construction method of a foundation pit supporting structure based on a sidewall of an underground chamber according to the present invention, in which a plurality of horizontal reverse construction method construction layers are obtained by layering a reverse construction method region in a vertical direction, and each horizontal reverse construction method construction layer is divided into a plurality of horizontal reverse construction method construction sections in a horizontal direction;
fig. 2a is a plan view of the basement side wall-based foundation pit supporting structure obtained after construction is carried out by the reverse construction method of the basement side wall-based foundation pit supporting structure of the invention;
FIG. 2b is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 a;
FIG. 3a is a diagram of the reflection of the nth horizontal topdown construction section N within the 1 st horizontal topdown construction layer1,nSchematic diagram of reverse construction;
FIG. 3b is a perspective cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 a;
FIG. 4a is a schematic representation of the nth horizontal topdown construction segment N in the 2 nd horizontal topdown construction layer2,n is a schematic diagram of reverse construction;
FIG. 4b is a perspective cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 a;
FIG. 5 is a view reflecting the construction of the nth horizontal reverse construction segment N in the 5 th horizontal reverse construction layer in FIG. 2b5,nA three-dimensional section for reverse construction;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an engineering pile reflecting the bottom of a support pile.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
According to the invention, one side of the basement close to the existing building is divided into the reverse construction method area, and other parts are divided into the non-reverse construction method area, so that after all structures in the non-reverse construction method area are constructed (such as other side walls of the basement, structures such as a top plate, a crown beam and a support pile in the basement, and soil holes are reserved at proper positions on the top plate close to the reverse construction method area), construction is carried out in the reverse construction method area, the side wall close to the existing building side is completed, and further the side wall, the support pile and other structures support soil between the existing buildings together. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments and drawings.
In this embodiment, the reverse construction method of the foundation pit supporting structure based on the sidewall of the basement specifically includes the steps of:
firstly, constructing a non-reverse construction method area, and dividing the reverse construction method area close to one side of an existing building into a plurality of horizontal reverse construction method construction layers from top to bottom along the vertical direction;
then, constructing a plurality of support piles 11 as structural side columns on one side close to the existing building, so that each horizontal reverse construction method construction layer is divided into a plurality of horizontal reverse construction method construction sections along the horizontal direction;
and finally, sequentially carrying out interval construction on all horizontal reverse construction method construction sections in each horizontal reverse construction method construction layer according to the sequence from top to bottom.
In this embodiment, the reverse construction area refers to an area closer to an existing building, and the non-reverse construction area refers to other areas that are not constructed by the reverse construction method, for example, when only one side wall of the basement is close to the existing building, the side wall will be constructed by the reverse construction method to complete the side wall of the basement, and the foundation, the floor beam, the top plate 12, the crown beam 13 (i.e., the frame beam), the floor, and the like of the area are constructed according to normal construction procedures.
Since the face width occupied by the side wall of the basement is usually relatively wide, and it is impossible to excavate the whole width of the earth and stone in the area corresponding to the side wall at the same time during construction, in this embodiment, a reverse construction method area close to the existing building side is divided into a plurality of horizontal reverse construction method construction layers from top to bottom in the vertical direction in advance, then a plurality of support piles are constructed close to the existing building side as structural side columns, and simultaneously each horizontal reverse construction method construction layer in the reverse construction method area is divided into a plurality of horizontal reverse construction method construction sections through the plurality of support piles, so that the reverse construction method area can be constructed in sections, see fig. 1, a plurality of horizontal reverse construction method construction layers which are horizontally parallel, and a plurality of horizontal reverse construction section N in each horizontal reverse construction method construction layer1,n、N1,n+1、N2,nAnd N2,n+1Wherein N is1,nRepresents the nth horizontal topdown construction section in the first horizontal topdown construction layer, N1,n+1Represents the (N + 1) th horizontal topdown construction section in the first horizontal topdown construction layer, N2,nRepresenting the horizontal reverse operation of the second layerN th horizontal reverse construction method construction section in the working layer, N2,n+1Represents the (n + 1) th horizontal topdown construction section in the second horizontal topdown construction layer. Of course, in this embodiment, the distance between the support piles is 1/2 of the distance between the basement columns, and the distance between the support piles can be adjusted to 1/3 of the distance between the basement columns as required.
Since the height of the basement is usually 4m or more, in order to ensure the structural balance, in this embodiment, each horizontal topdown construction layer is divided into a plurality of horizontal topdown construction sections, so as to perform the segmental interval construction on the horizontal topdown construction layer, see fig. 1 and 2b, which are divided into 5 horizontal topdown construction layers in the vertical direction, and the nth horizontal topdown construction section in each topdown construction layer is represented as N1,n,N2,n,N3,n,N4,nAnd N5,n. Of course, in this embodiment, it is understood that the topdown area is divided into a plurality of horizontal topdown construction layers in the vertical direction according to the actual height of the basement, and similarly, it is also understood that each horizontal topdown construction layer is divided into a plurality of horizontal topdown construction sections according to the face width of the basement.
In this embodiment, the whole topdown construction method area is divided into a plurality of horizontal topdown construction method construction layers which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom from the vertical direction, and each horizontal topdown construction method construction layer is divided into a plurality of horizontal topdown construction method construction sections along the horizontal direction, so that if a plurality of horizontal topdown construction method construction sections in the horizontal topdown construction method construction layer of the same layer are sequentially constructed along the horizontal direction, the structural balance may be adversely affected; therefore, in order to reduce the influence of earth excavation on adjacent buildings, the present embodiment employs spacing construction of all horizontal topdown construction sections in each horizontal topdown construction layer along the horizontal direction, i.e. two adjacent horizontal construction sections cannot be constructed simultaneously, for example, referring to fig. 1, for the first horizontal topdown construction layer, the nth horizontal topdown construction section N is first constructed1,nConstruction is carried out, and then the construction is carried out on the (N + 2) th horizontal reverse construction method construction section N in sequence1,n+2N +4 th horizontal reverse construction method construction segment N1,n+4N +6 th horizontal reverse construction methodConstruction section N1,n+6Then, constructing the (N + 1) th horizontal reverse construction method construction section N1,n12N +3 th horizontal reverse construction method construction segment N1,n+3N +5 horizontal reverse construction method construction segment N1,n+5And (c) until all the horizontal topdown construction method construction sections in the first horizontal topdown construction method construction layer are constructed, then all the horizontal topdown construction method construction sections in the second horizontal topdown construction method construction layer are constructed, of course, an interval construction method is adopted, and the steps are repeated until all the horizontal topdown construction method construction sections in the fifth horizontal topdown construction method construction layer are constructed.
Of course, in this embodiment, the number of the specific intervals may be one horizontal reverse construction segment, or two or three may be understood.
Referring to fig. 3a and 3b, in an embodiment, the step of constructing each horizontal topdown construction segment includes the following steps:
firstly, earth and stone excavation is carried out at the height of 1-1.5M, a lintel 22 is arranged on the ground exposed after excavation according to the construction elevation of each horizontal reverse construction method construction section (namely the elevation of each horizontal reverse construction method construction layer), and the two ends of a longitudinal steel bar in the lintel 22 are implanted into support columns on the two sides of the lintel in a bar planting mode;
secondly, building a protective wall 21 on the lintel, simultaneously filling gaps formed by the uneveness of the excavation with mortar or plain concrete 20, and trowelling the inner side of the protective wall with the mortar;
thirdly, roughening the interface between the support pile 11 and the side wall 24 to be poured, and cleaning;
then, paving a waterproof coiled material 23 on the protective wall 21, and embedding two ends of the waterproof coiled material 23 into the supporting piles 11 with the embedding depth of 30-50 mm;
finally, reinforced concrete is poured to form the reinforced concrete sidewalls 24.
Referring to fig. 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b, in this embodiment, the reinforced concrete used includes vertically overlapped vertical reinforcing bars 24-1 and horizontal reinforcing bars 24-2, wherein the top of the vertical reinforcing bars 24-1 is embedded in the pre-constructed crown beam 13 at the top of the basement, and the left and right ends of the horizontal reinforcing bars 24-2 are embedded in the supporting piles 11 at both sides thereof (specifically, in order to facilitate the embedding of the left and right ends of the horizontal reinforcing bars in the supporting piles, the horizontal reinforcing bars 24-2 may be divided into two sections in advance, then the end portions corresponding to the supporting piles are embedded in the supporting piles, and the other ends at both ends are overlapped together and tied up with the reinforcing bars, or the horizontal reinforcing bars are divided into a middle main section and two end sections, so that the two end sections are respectively embedded in the corresponding supporting piles, then the two sections are overlapped with both ends of the main section, and binding with steel bars, see fig. 3a), and binding the lap joint 24-3 where the vertical steel bar 24-1 and the horizontal steel bar 24-2 are lapped with each other with steel bars; in addition, when concrete is poured, a lap joint section 24-5 (namely, the pouring height is smaller than the construction elevation of the horizontal topdown construction method construction section, namely, the elevation of the horizontal topdown construction method construction layer) overlapped with the vertical steel bar in the horizontal topdown construction method construction section in the next horizontal topdown construction method construction layer below the vertical steel bar 24-1 is required to be reserved at the bottom of the vertical steel bar 24-1, and steel bars are also bound at the lap joint.
Similarly, in this embodiment, the bottom of the waterproof roll 23 also needs to leave an overlapping section overlapping with the waterproof roll in the horizontal topdown construction section in the next lower horizontal topdown construction layer. Further, in the present embodiment, a water-swelling sealing strip 25 is provided at the joint of the waterproof roll 23 and the support pile 11.
In this embodiment, after all the horizontal top-down construction method construction sections in the last horizontal top-down construction method construction layer are constructed, the basement ground beam 31, the bottom cushion layer 30, the waterproof layer (i.e. the waterproof roll 32) and the floor 33 in the top-down construction method area are also required to be constructed, and when each horizontal top-down construction method construction section in the last horizontal top-down construction method construction layer is constructed, the vertical steel bars 24-1 in the reinforced concrete side walls poured in the horizontal top-down construction method construction sections are anchored into the ground beam 31, and the waterproof roll 23 in the horizontal top-down construction method construction sections is overlapped with the waterproof roll of the floor, as shown in fig. 5.
In this embodiment, because this fender pile still is as structure side post simultaneously, consequently, the diameter of this fender pile 11 is the same with the diameter that this fender pile 11 buries the engineering stake of basement terrace lower part, and is provided with spiral hoop 101 and stirrup 102 in this fender pile 10, see fig. 6, of course, also need to set up stirrup 102 in this fender pile.
Based on the construction method in the embodiment, the invention also provides a foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of the underground chamber, which is obtained by adopting the construction method in the embodiment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The reverse construction method of the foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of the underground chamber is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, constructing a non-topdown construction method area, and dividing the topdown construction method area close to one side of the existing building into a plurality of horizontal topdown construction method construction layers from top to bottom along the vertical direction;
then, constructing a plurality of support piles as structural side columns on one side close to the existing building, and dividing each horizontal top-down construction layer into a plurality of horizontal top-down construction sections along the horizontal direction; and finally, sequentially carrying out interval construction on all the horizontal reverse construction method construction sections in each horizontal reverse construction method construction layer according to the sequence from top to bottom.
2. The reverse construction method of a foundation pit supporting structure based on the sidewall of the basement according to claim 1, wherein the step of constructing each horizontal reverse construction section comprises the following steps:
firstly, excavating earth and stone, arranging a lintel on the ground exposed after excavation according to the construction elevation of each horizontal reverse construction method construction section, and implanting two ends of a longitudinal steel bar of the lintel into the support piles at two sides in a bar implanting manner;
secondly, building a protective wall on the lintel, simultaneously filling gaps formed by the uneveness of the excavation with mortar or plain concrete, and trowelling the inner side of the protective wall with the mortar;
thirdly, chiseling the interface between the supporting pile and the side wall to be poured, and cleaning;
then, paving a waterproof coiled material on the protection wall surface, and embedding two ends of the waterproof coiled material into the supporting piles;
and finally, pouring reinforced concrete to form the reinforced concrete side wall.
3. The reverse construction method of the foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of the basement according to claim 2, wherein the reinforced concrete side wall comprises vertical steel bars and horizontal steel bars which are vertically overlapped, wherein the tops of the vertical steel bars are implanted into a pre-constructed crown beam at the top of the basement, the left ends and the right ends of the horizontal steel bars are implanted into the supporting piles at the two sides of the horizontal steel bars, and the overlapped parts of the vertical steel bars and the horizontal steel bars are bound by the steel bars; and the bottom of the vertical steel bar is provided with a lap joint section which is lapped with the vertical steel bar in the horizontal top-down construction method construction section below.
4. The reverse construction method of a basement-based supporting structure of the side wall of the basement according to claim 3, wherein the bottom of the waterproof roll is left with an overlapping section overlapping with the waterproof roll in the horizontal reverse construction section below.
5. The reverse construction method of the underground chamber side wall-based foundation pit supporting structure according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein a water-swelling water stop strip is arranged at the joint of the waterproof roll and the supporting pile.
6. The reverse construction method of a basement-based supporting structure of underground chamber sidewall according to claim 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the waterproof roll is embedded in the supporting piles to a depth of 30-50 mm.
7. The method of reverse construction of a basement wall based excavation supporting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the height of the excavation of each horizontal reverse construction section is 1-1.5M.
8. The reverse construction method of a basement-based underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein after the final horizontal reverse construction method construction layer is constructed, a basement floor beam and a floor waterproofing membrane are constructed, and when a horizontal reverse construction method construction section in the final horizontal reverse construction method construction layer is constructed, the vertical reinforcing bars in the reinforced concrete side walls are anchored into the floor beam, and the waterproofing membrane is overlapped with the floor waterproofing membrane.
9. The reverse construction method of the underground chamber side wall-based foundation pit supporting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the diameter of the supporting pile is the same as the diameter of an engineering pile embedded in the lower part of the basement floor, and a spiral hoop and a rechecking hoop are arranged in the supporting pile.
10. A foundation pit supporting structure based on the side wall of the underground chamber, which is completed by the construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN201811455366.2A 2018-11-30 2018-11-30 Foundation pit supporting structure based on side wall of underground chamber and reverse construction method thereof Active CN111254938B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1196426A (en) * 1997-04-14 1998-10-21 中国建筑科学研究所珠海科研设计部 Construction method for inversion underground continuous wall
CN101250883A (en) * 2008-04-03 2008-08-27 上海市第一建筑有限公司 Side-discharging construction method for subway station shared underground wall
CN104563131A (en) * 2015-01-14 2015-04-29 济南轨道交通集团有限公司 Rectangular enclosure pile, and construction method using rectangular enclosure pile as main structure
CN108385693A (en) * 2018-02-27 2018-08-10 中科院广州化灌工程有限公司 A kind of waiting for anchor rod support method and support system for basement supporting by stages

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1196426A (en) * 1997-04-14 1998-10-21 中国建筑科学研究所珠海科研设计部 Construction method for inversion underground continuous wall
CN101250883A (en) * 2008-04-03 2008-08-27 上海市第一建筑有限公司 Side-discharging construction method for subway station shared underground wall
CN104563131A (en) * 2015-01-14 2015-04-29 济南轨道交通集团有限公司 Rectangular enclosure pile, and construction method using rectangular enclosure pile as main structure
CN108385693A (en) * 2018-02-27 2018-08-10 中科院广州化灌工程有限公司 A kind of waiting for anchor rod support method and support system for basement supporting by stages

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