CN111233541A - Farmyard manure retting method suitable for drip irrigation - Google Patents
Farmyard manure retting method suitable for drip irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111233541A CN111233541A CN202010108510.6A CN202010108510A CN111233541A CN 111233541 A CN111233541 A CN 111233541A CN 202010108510 A CN202010108510 A CN 202010108510A CN 111233541 A CN111233541 A CN 111233541A
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- fermentation
- manure
- drip irrigation
- tank
- dissolving
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses a farmyard manure retting method suitable for drip irrigation, which comprises the following steps: placing pig manure, cow manure and chicken manure in a dissolving tank, dissolving with water, stirring, soaking and filtering; adding peanut bran and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer into the filtrate for seasoning; fermenting the fertilizer mixture at a high temperature in an anaerobic environment; adding urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, trace elements and the like into the fermented mixture to prepare fertilizer; the fertilizer mixture is diluted and filtered and then supplied to crops through a drip irrigation system. The preparation method utilizes common farmyard waste to carry out fermentation preparation, has rich raw materials, low price, simple operation steps and easy preparation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a farmyard manure retting method suitable for drip irrigation.
Background
With the rapid development of the breeding industry in China, the discharge amount of the excrement of the livestock is increased year by year. A large amount of livestock manure is not treated and is discharged in a centralized manner, so that the virtuous cycle formed by natural digestion and farmland fertilization of the livestock manure in the traditional livestock breeding process is changed, the cycle function of the original agricultural ecosystem is destroyed, and serious environmental pollution is brought. The livestock manure is a pollutant and an important organic plant nutrient resource, and is widely applied to crop fertilization as farmyard manure. The traditional farmyard manure application method is that farmyard manure such as solid poultry manure is directly applied to soil of a crop root area, and the farmyard manure is in a wet state through manual watering or rainwater and then is slowly absorbed by the crop; in dry seasons, farmyard manure cannot be absorbed by crop roots. The utilization efficiency of the poultry and livestock manure resources is relatively low due to the limitation of regional differences and treatment technologies. A method is found, which can reduce the influence of the livestock and poultry manure on the ecological environment, improve the utilization efficiency of the livestock and poultry manure resources and greatly reduce labor force.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the pollution of livestock manure and the requirement of farmyard manure, the farmyard manure retting method suitable for drop irrigation is provided, the livestock manure can be fully utilized, the surrounding environment is not polluted, the farmyard manure which is absorbed by plants and has balanced nutrient substances can be prepared, and the preparation method is simple and convenient.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a farmyard manure retting method suitable for drip irrigation comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving and filtering: putting pig manure, cow manure and chicken manure into a dissolving tank, adding water for dissolving, stirring, soaking and filtering, and introducing filtrate into a fermentation tank;
(2) seasoning: adding the mashed peanut bran into the filtrate in the fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, dissolving the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the fermentation strain in a small amount of water respectively, mixing into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring;
(3) fermentation: sealing the fermentation tank by using a plastic film, keeping the fermentation tank in a high-temperature and anaerobic environment for fermentation, and after fermenting for 5-10 days, infiltrating into a stirring paddle to stir uniformly and continuously sealing and fermenting;
(4) fertilizer preparation: and (4) adding urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, trace elements and the like into the mixture fermented in the step (3), and adjusting the proportion of the three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to the requirements of crops on nutrients in different growth and development periods.
Further, the retting method comprises the following raw materials in parts: 1000 portions of pig manure, 500 portions of cow manure, 200 portions of chicken manure, 200 portions of peanut bran, 20-30 portions of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 3000 portions of water.
Further, dissolving tank and fermentation vat shape are unanimous but the variation in size, and the fermentation vat is bigger than dissolving tank, and both middle parts are equipped with the filter screen, and this filter screen is upper portion open-ended cylindricly, and the lower extreme detachably of filter screen fixes in the bottom of the pool, dissolving tank and fermentation vat's top all is equipped with the stirring rake, and this stirring rake downwardly extending stirs in to the pond.
Further, in the step (3), the fermentation is high-temperature sealed fermentation, the fermentation tank is sealed by a PE film, the fermentation temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the fermentation time is 15-25 days.
Furthermore, the temperature of the fermentation tank is controlled by a control system to automatically cut off when the temperature exceeds 60 ℃ and automatically power on when the temperature is lower than 50 ℃, so that the temperature of the fermentation tank is kept at 50-60 ℃.
Further, in the step (2), the fermentation strain is prepared by bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium in a ratio of 1:1, and the addition amount of the fermentation strain is 1 × 10 of the strain number12-6*1012。
Further, in the step (4), the adding amount of the urea, the diamine phosphate and the potassium nitrate is about 1% according to the fertilizer preparation, and the proportion of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium is properly adjusted according to different growth and development periods of crops.
Further, the application method of the prepared farmyard manure is to blend and prepare the farmyard manure and water in a ratio of 1 (80-100) and use a drip irrigation system for drip irrigation fertilization.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention uses the livestock manure to prepare the farm manure which can be absorbed by the root system of crops, thereby reducing the influence of the livestock manure on the ecological environment and improving the yield and the quality of the crops.
2. The invention ensures the balanced nutrition of crops by fully mixing and curing the livestock and poultry manure and supplementing corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by adding urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate.
3. The farmyard manure prepared by the invention is liquid and can be directly conveyed to crop roots through a drip irrigation system, so that the utilization efficiency of nutrients in the livestock manure resources is improved, and the labor is greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
Taking the eagle beak peach trees planted in the West village area of Guangxi Nanning city as an experimental object, picking fruits of adult eagle beak peach trees generally in 7-8 months, carrying out cultivation on the picked eagle beak peach trees in 10-11 months for growing good fruits in the next year after fruit picking, and dividing the eagle beak peach trees into 4 groups to form 4 embodiments to be carried out simultaneously, wherein each group comprises 100 eagle beak peaches respectively, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
example 1
A farmyard manure retting method suitable for drip irrigation comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving and filtering: putting 500 parts of pig manure, 500 parts of cow manure and 100 parts of chicken manure into a dissolving tank, adding water for dissolving, stirring, soaking and filtering, and introducing filtrate into a fermentation tank;
(2) seasoning: filtrate to fermentation tankAdding 100 plus 200 parts of mashed peanut bran and stirring uniformly, respectively dissolving 20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and fermentation strain with a small amount of water, mixing the solution into a fermentation tank, and stirring uniformly, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation strain is 1 × 1012The fermentation strain is prepared by bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium in a ratio of 1: 1;
(3) fermentation: sealing the fermentation tank by using a plastic film, keeping the fermentation tank in a high-temperature and anaerobic environment for fermentation, permeating into a stirring paddle after fermenting for 5 days, uniformly stirring, continuing to carry out sealed fermentation, sealing the fermentation tank by using a PE film, wherein the fermentation temperature is 50 ℃, and the total fermentation time is 15 days. (ii) a
(4) Fertilizer preparation: and (3) adding urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, trace elements and the like into the mixture fermented in the step (3) to ensure that the concentration of nitrogen elements is 1 percent, and the proportion of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the branch tip growth and early flowering stages is 2: 1:2, wherein the proportion of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the result period is 2: 1:2.5.
(5) Fertilizing: the application method of the prepared farmyard manure comprises the steps of blending farmyard manure and water in a ratio of 1:80, and performing drip irrigation fertilization by using a drip irrigation system.
The dissolving tank and the fermenting tank are identical in shape but different in size, the fermenting tank is larger than the dissolving tank, filter screens are arranged in the middle of the dissolving tank and the fermenting tank, the filter screens are cylindrical, the upper parts of the filter screens are provided with openings, the lower ends of the filter screens are detachably fixed at the bottom of the dissolving tank and the bottom of the fermenting tank, and stirring paddles extend downwards into the dissolving tank to stir; the temperature of the fermentation tank is controlled by a control system to automatically cut off when the temperature exceeds 60 ℃ and automatically power on when the temperature is lower than 50 ℃, so that the temperature of the fermentation tank is kept at 50-60 ℃.
Example 2
A farmyard manure retting method suitable for drip irrigation comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving and filtering: putting 1000 parts of pig manure, 1000 parts of cow manure and 200 parts of chicken manure into a dissolving tank, adding water for dissolving, stirring, soaking and filtering, and introducing filtrate into a fermentation tank;
(2) seasoning: adding 200 parts of mashed peanut bran into the filtrate in the fermentation tank, stirring uniformly, dissolving 30 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and fermentation strain in a small amount of water respectively, mixing into the fermentation tank, stirring uniformly, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation strain is 6 × 1012，The fermentation strain is prepared by bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium in a ratio of 1: 1;
(3) fermentation: sealing the fermentation tank by using a plastic film, keeping the fermentation tank in a high-temperature and anaerobic environment for fermentation, permeating into a stirring paddle after fermenting for 5-10 days, uniformly stirring, continuing to carry out sealed fermentation, sealing the fermentation tank by using a PE film, wherein the fermentation temperature is 60 ℃, and the total fermentation time is 25 days. (ii) a
(4) Fertilizer preparation: and (3) adding urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, trace elements and the like into the mixture fermented in the step (3) to ensure that the concentration of nitrogen elements is 1 percent, and the proportion of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the branch tip growth and early flowering stages is 2: 1:2, wherein the proportion of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the result period is 2: 1:2.5.
(5) Fertilizing: the application method of the prepared farmyard manure comprises the steps of blending farmyard manure and water in a ratio of 1:100, and performing drip irrigation fertilization by using a drip irrigation system.
Example 3
A farmyard manure retting method suitable for drip irrigation comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving and filtering: placing 800 parts of pig manure, 800 parts of cow manure and 150 parts of chicken manure into a dissolving tank, adding water for dissolving, stirring, soaking and filtering, and introducing filtrate into a fermentation tank;
(2) seasoning: adding 150 parts of mashed peanut bran into the filtrate in the fermentation tank, stirring uniformly, dissolving 25 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and fermentation strain in a small amount of water respectively, mixing into the fermentation tank, stirring uniformly, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation strain is 4 x 1012，The fermentation strain is prepared by bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium in a ratio of 1: 1;
(3) fermentation: sealing the fermentation tank with plastic film, fermenting at high temperature and under anaerobic condition for 6 days, adding into stirring paddle, stirring, sealing, fermenting, sealing with PE film, and sealing at 50-60 deg.C for 20 days. (ii) a
(4) Fertilizer preparation: and (3) adding urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, trace elements and the like into the mixture fermented in the step (3) to ensure that the concentration of nitrogen elements is 1 percent, and the proportion of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the branch tip growth and early flowering stages is 2: 1:2, wherein the proportion of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the result period is 2: 1:2.5.
(5) Fertilizing: the application method of the prepared farmyard manure comprises the steps of blending farmyard manure and water in a ratio of 1:90, and performing drip irrigation fertilization by using a drip irrigation system.
Example 4
The mixed application of farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) base fertilizer: 15kg of pig manure, 15kg of cow manure, 3kg of chicken manure and 2kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer are applied to each adult hawk-bill peach tree in 1-12 months in winter;
(2) fertilizing before flowering: applying urea, diamine phosphate and potassium nitrate, wherein the pure nitrogen application amount of each adult hawkmoth tree is 0.15kg, and N: p2O5：K2O＝2：1：2；
(3) Fruit strengthening fertilizer: applying urea, diamine phosphate and potassium nitrate, wherein the pure nitrogen application amount of each adult hawkmoth tree is 0.15kg, and N: p2O5：K2O＝2：1：2.5。
(4) Fertilizing after picking: applying urea, diamine phosphate and potassium nitrate, wherein the pure nitrogen application amount of each adult hawkmoth tree is 0.2kg, and N: p2O5：K2O＝2：1：2；
Example 5
The conventional fertilizer application comprises the following steps:
(1) fertilizing after picking: applying urea, diamine phosphate and potassium nitrate, wherein the pure nitrogen application amount of each adult hawkmoth tree is 0.25kg, and N: p2O5：K2O＝2：1：2；
(2) Fertilizing before flowering: applying urea, diamine phosphate and potassium nitrate, wherein the pure nitrogen application amount of each adult hawkmoth tree is 0.2kg, and N: p2O5：K2O＝2：1：2；
(3) Fruit strengthening fertilizer:applying urea, diamine phosphate and potassium nitrate, wherein the pure nitrogen application amount of each adult hawkmoth tree is 0.2kg per tree, and N: p2O5：K2O＝2：1：2.5。
In the above examples, example 1, example 2 and example 3 were carried out completely in accordance with the procedure of the present invention, example 3 was a combination of solid farmyard manure and fertilizer, and example 4 was a conventional method of applying fertilizer. The method of example 1-example 4 should be applied to planting of the chickpeas, all planting environments are the same, the pest control operation steps are also the same, the method is divided into 4 groups of 100 plants, and the yield obtained after planting is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 yield of eagle peach of each example
As can be seen from the table above, only by operating completely according to the steps of the invention can the livestock manure be used to prepare the really efficient and useful farmyard manure, so that the fertilizer prepared by the invention not only solves the pollution problem of the livestock waste, but also changes the livestock manure into valuable things to provide nutrients for plants, thereby preparing the efficient and high-yield farmyard manure.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A farmyard manure retting method suitable for drip irrigation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving and filtering: putting pig manure, cow manure and chicken manure into a dissolving tank, adding water for dissolving, stirring, soaking and filtering, and introducing filtrate into a fermentation tank;
(2) seasoning: adding the mashed peanut bran into the filtrate in the fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, dissolving the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the fermentation strain in a small amount of water respectively, mixing into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring;
(3) fermentation: sealing the fermentation tank by using a plastic film, keeping the fermentation tank in a high-temperature and anaerobic environment for fermentation, and after fermenting for 5-10 days, infiltrating into a stirring paddle to stir uniformly and continuously sealing and fermenting;
(4) fertilizer preparation: and (4) adding urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, trace elements and the like into the mixture fermented in the step (3), and adjusting the proportion of the three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to the requirements of crops on nutrients in different growth and development periods.
2. -a method for retting farmyard manure suitable for drip irrigation according to claim 1, characterised in that: the composting method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 portions of pig manure, 500 portions of cow manure, 200 portions of chicken manure, 200 portions of peanut bran, 20-30 portions of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 3000 portions of water.
3. -a method for retting farmyard manure suitable for drip irrigation according to claim 1, characterised in that: dissolving tank and fermentation vat shape are unanimous but the variation in size, and the fermentation vat is bigger than dissolving tank, and both middle parts are equipped with the filter screen, and this filter screen is upper portion open-ended cylindricly, and the lower extreme detachably of filter screen is fixed in the bottom of the pool, dissolving tank and fermentation vat's top all is equipped with the stirring rake, and this stirring rake downwardly extending stirs in to the pond.
4. -a method for retting farmyard manure suitable for drip irrigation according to claim 1, characterised in that: in the step (3), the fermentation is high-temperature sealed fermentation, the fermentation tank is sealed by a PE film, the fermentation temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the fermentation time is 15-25 days.
5. A method of composting as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that: the temperature of the fermentation tank is controlled by a control system to automatically cut off when the temperature exceeds 60 ℃ and automatically power on when the temperature is lower than 50 ℃, so that the temperature of the fermentation tank is kept at 50-60 ℃.
6. A method of composting as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: in the step (2), the fermentation strain is prepared by bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium in a ratio of 1:1, and the addition amount of the fermentation strain is 1 × 1012-6*1012。
7. -a method for retting farmyard manure suitable for drip irrigation according to claim 1, characterised in that: in the step (4), the adding amount of the urea, the diamine phosphate and the potassium nitrate is about 1% according to the fertilizer preparation, and the proportion of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium is properly adjusted according to different growth and development periods of crops.
8. -a method for retting farmyard manure suitable for drip irrigation according to claim 1, characterised in that: the application method of the prepared farmyard manure comprises the steps of blending the farmyard manure and water according to the proportion of 1 (80-100) and using a drip irrigation system for drip irrigation fertilization.
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| CN103274774A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-04 | 河海大学 | High-efficiency biological liquid fertilizer taking livestock liquid dung as raw material and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN105272397A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-01-27 | 沙湾县亚宁农业科技开发有限公司 | Fertilizer preparation apparatus and method |
| CN112047789A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-08 | 西北农林科技大学 | Organic-inorganic composite nutrient solution formula for tomato matrix cultivation and application method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-02-21 CN CN202010108510.6A patent/CN111233541A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103011921A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-04-03 | 河海大学 | Preparation method of biological organic and inorganic mixed liquid fertilizer |
| CN103274774A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-04 | 河海大学 | High-efficiency biological liquid fertilizer taking livestock liquid dung as raw material and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN105272397A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-01-27 | 沙湾县亚宁农业科技开发有限公司 | Fertilizer preparation apparatus and method |
| CN112047789A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-08 | 西北农林科技大学 | Organic-inorganic composite nutrient solution formula for tomato matrix cultivation and application method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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