CN111207511A - Efficient heat exchange method for fan-free solid heat storage electric boiler - Google Patents
Efficient heat exchange method for fan-free solid heat storage electric boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN111207511A CN111207511A CN202010058197.XA CN202010058197A CN111207511A CN 111207511 A CN111207511 A CN 111207511A CN 202010058197 A CN202010058197 A CN 202010058197A CN 111207511 A CN111207511 A CN 111207511A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
- F24H7/0208—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
- F24H7/0233—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer fluid being water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
- F24H2250/02—Resistances
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency heat exchange method for a fan-free solid heat-storage electric boiler, which is characterized in that return water in a heat supply system of the solid heat-storage electric boiler is introduced into the solid heat-storage electric boiler through a water inlet pipe, the return water in the water inlet pipe is uniformly dispersed through a lower collection box after entering the interior, and then the return water uniformly and directly contacts a heat accumulator through a thin branch pipe to perform sufficient and high-efficiency heat exchange, so that the temperature of the final return water is increased. The heated water supply is mixed by the upper header, and then enters the heating system of the solid heat storage electric boiler through the water outlet pipe of the solid heat storage electric boiler to supply heat. The invention realizes that the return water in the heat supply system directly and fully exchanges heat with the solid heat storage electric boiler, improves the heat exchange efficiency of the solid heat storage electric boiler, controls the heat exchange quantity by controlling the structure of the internal pipeline, ensures that the water temperature at the outlet reaches a set value, avoids the occurrence of vaporization and overpressure, and achieves the purposes of high benefit, low cost, high efficiency, convenience and safety in construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heat supply, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency heat exchange method for a solid heat storage electric boiler without a fan.
Background
The solid heat storage electric boiler can fully utilize the off-peak electricity at night to convert the electric energy into heat energy and store the heat energy, and release the stored heat energy in the peak electricity time period, thereby avoiding the peak electricity period in the daytime to a great extent, relieving the problem of electricity shortage in the peak electricity time period in the aspect of electricity use, having remarkable effect on peak clipping and valley filling of the electricity, and being a very effective means in the aspects of fully utilizing the off-peak electricity of the power grid, increasing the effective supply of the electricity and improving the load factor of the power grid. At present, the traditional solid heat storage electric boiler in China is a heating device which mainly utilizes magnesia bricks for heat storage, takes air as a heat energy transmission medium and carries out forced heat exchange through a fan. The traditional solid heat storage electric boiler utilizes valley electric energy to heat the heat accumulator inside during heat storage; when releasing heat, the air in the solid heat storage brick cavity is driven to flow by the fan, the heat in the solid heat storage brick is taken away by the air, and then the heat is transferred to the heat supply circulating water by the heat exchanger. The solid heat storage electric boiler has a process of multiple heat exchange in the working process, each heat exchange leads to the reduction of heat exchange efficiency, and the existence of step heat exchange leads to the lower heat exchange efficiency. In addition, in the process of multiple heat exchange, air is used as a heat exchange medium for heat exchange, but the specific heat capacity of the air is small, so that a good heat exchange effect is achieved, and a large air flow is needed. Therefore, the air quantity of the fan is required to meet the requirement, the power of the fan is in direct proportion to the air quantity, a frequency conversion fan with higher power is required to be arranged, and the conveying cost is very high. And, the larger the air quantity of the fan is, the lower the efficiency of the same fan is, and finally the heat exchange efficiency of the solid heat storage electric boiler is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency heat exchange method for a solid heat storage electric boiler without a fan, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art.
The invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
a method for efficiently exchanging heat of a fan-free solid heat storage electric boiler comprises the following steps:
a. uniformly distributing system backwater in the solid heat storage electric boiler;
b. the uniform heat exchange between the return water and the heat accumulator is realized;
c. water supply is uniformly converged for heat supply;
d. measures to prevent internal heat leakage;
e. avoiding water vaporization in the heating process.
In the step a, a pipeline with the same pipe diameter as the water inlet is connected to the water inlet of the solid heat-storage electric boiler and extends into the solid heat-storage electric boiler along a straight line, the length of the pipeline reaches the position of the opposite shell, and the tail end of the pipeline is in a closed state finally; and a hole is formed in the water inlet pipe which is perpendicular to the extending direction of the water inlet pipe and parallel to the bottom surface direction of the solid heat storage electric boiler, and a branch pipe is welded at the position of the hole in the water inlet pipe to be used as a lower header.
Furthermore, along with the increase of the number of the lower header in the direction of the length extension of the internal water inlet pipe, the pipe diameter of the water inlet pipe is properly adjusted to be smaller than the size of the pipe diameter of the water inlet.
Furthermore, in the step b, holes are formed in the lower header perpendicular to the length direction of the lower header and perpendicular to the bottom surface direction of the solid heat storage electric boiler, the number and the positions of the holes are uniformly distributed among the heat accumulators, and after one end of the thin branch pipe is welded at the position of the hole in the lower header, the heat storage bricks are built into the heat accumulators; the heat accumulator and the thin branch pipe have different position relations, one is that the heat accumulator is directly contacted with the thin branch pipe, under the condition, the shape of the heat accumulation brick is processed before the heat accumulator is built, so that the heat accumulator is contacted with the thin branch pipe, the other is that the thin branch pipe is uniformly arranged among each heat accumulation brick, and a certain gap is reserved between the thin branch pipe and each heat accumulation brick; a heat storage brick hole is reserved in each heat accumulator for placing a resistance wire; the resistance wire of each heat accumulator is connected with a branch cable, and the branch cables are converged into a total cable which extends to the outside of the solid heat storage rotor along the bottom of the heat storage brick.
Furthermore, the heat exchange amount between the heat accumulator and the thin branch pipe is controlled by setting the length of the thin branch pipe or setting the same thin branch pipe into different pipe diameters.
Furthermore, in the step c, the return water is converged in the upper header after heat exchange in the thin branch pipe, and then converged into the water outlet pipe by the upper header, and enters the heat supply system from the water outlet of the solid heat storage electric boiler after reaching the water supply temperature value, so as to supply heat for users.
Furthermore, the connection mode of the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe and the thin branch pipe adopts a structural mode that a port for circulating water to enter and a port for circulating water to flow out are on the same side.
Furthermore, in the step d, a heat insulation layer is laid inside the shell of the solid heat storage electric boiler, and the periphery of the shell is sealed.
And step e, an atmosphere communicating pipe is arranged at a water outlet pipe of the boiler.
Further, the boiler comprises a boiler outer shell, a heat accumulation part and a heat release part;
the heat storage part comprises a heat storage body, a fireproof support structure and a heating device; a fireproof support structure is arranged at the lower part of the heat accumulator, and a heating device is arranged in the heat accumulator; the heating device is a heating plate or a heating wire
The heat release part comprises a thin branch pipe, an upper header, a lower header, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and an atmosphere communicating pipe; the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe are respectively positioned at the top and the bottom of the electric boiler; the water inlet pipe is connected with a plurality of lower collecting boxes, and the lower collecting boxes are perpendicular to the extending direction of the water inlet pipe and parallel to the bottom surface of the electric boiler; the water outlet pipe is connected with a plurality of upper header tanks, and the upper header tanks are vertical to the extending direction of the water outlet pipe and parallel to the bottom surface of the electric boiler; and a thin branch pipe is vertically connected between the opposite upper header and the lower header, and two sides of the thin branch pipe are respectively provided with a row of heat accumulators which are arranged in parallel or are in direct contact with the thin branch pipe.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the return water of the heat supply system extends into the solid heat storage electric boiler through the water inlet pipe, and the return water enters the thin branch pipe which is directly contacted with the heat storage brick or has a certain interval with the heat storage brick to directly, fully and efficiently exchange heat with the heat storage brick. The medium in the solid heat storage electric boiler pipeline carries out direct heat exchange with the heat storage brick, the cancellation uses the air as the middle heat transfer process of medium, the step heat transfer has been cancelled, the heat exchange efficiency of medium in heat storage brick and the heating system pipeline has been improved, the holistic heat exchange efficiency of solid heat storage electric boiler has finally been improved, thereby the holistic working efficiency of solid heat storage electric boiler has been improved, the running cost of solid heat storage electric boiler has been reduced, and the existence of fan in the cancellation traditional solid heat storage electric boiler, the great problem of solid heat storage electric boiler area has been solved.
2. According to the invention, through arrangement of the water inlet pipe and the lower collection box, the medium in the water inlet pipe can be uniformly distributed into the lower collection box, so that the medium in the water inlet pipe can be completely distributed into the internal pipeline, and the heat exchange with the heat accumulator can be fully carried out in the internal pipeline.
3. The invention controls the length of the thin branch pipe by controlling the pipe diameter of the thin branch pipe directly contacted with the heat accumulator or controlling the length of the thin branch pipe when the thin branch pipe and the heat accumulator have a certain interval, thereby controlling the heat exchange quantity of the medium in the pipe and the heat accumulator for direct heat exchange, preventing the temperature of the heat accumulator from being overhigh, causing the temperature of the medium in the pipe to exceed the expected temperature and vaporization to cause the overhigh internal pressure of the solid heat storage electric boiler, overpressure and explosion accidents. In addition, an atmosphere communicating pipe can be arranged on a water outlet pipe of the solid heat storage electric boiler, and on the premise of controlling the heat exchange quantity, if the vaporization occurs, the gas can be discharged out of the solid heat storage electric boiler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a port of a solid heat storage electric boiler of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the port of the solid heat storage electric boiler of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the relative position of the thin branch tube in contact with the thermal mass according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the position of the thin branch tube relative to the heat accumulator with a gap therebetween according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 1;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in fig. 5 or 6.
Wherein, 1-boiler shell; 2-a heat accumulator; 3-a refractory support structure; 4-holes of heat accumulator; 5-a water inlet; 6-water inlet pipe; 7-lower header; 8-thin branch pipe; 9-upper header; 10-water outlet pipe; 11-a water outlet; 12-atmospheric communication port; 13-resistance wire; 14-cable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the method for efficiently exchanging heat of the solid heat-accumulating electric boiler without the fan according to the present invention comprises the following steps: measures for uniformly distributing the heat supply system backwater in the solid heat storage electric boiler, realizing uniform heat exchange between the internal heat supply system backwater and the heat accumulator 2, uniformly converging water supply for heat supply, preventing internal heat from leaking and avoiding medium vaporization in an internal pipeline in the heating process;
the first step is as follows: evenly distributed return water of heat supply system in solid heat storage electric boiler
In order to make the backwater of the heating system of the solid heat storage electric boiler enter the solid heat storage electric boiler, a pipeline with the same pipe diameter as that of the water inlet 5 is connected to the water inlet 5 of the solid heat storage electric boiler and used as a water inlet pipe 6 to extend into the solid heat storage electric boiler along a straight line, the length of the pipeline is up to the position of the opposite shell, and the tail end of the pipeline is finally in a closed state. In order to uniformly distribute the backwater in the water inlet pipe 6, a hole is formed in the water inlet pipe 6 which is perpendicular to the extending direction of the water inlet pipe 6 and parallel to the bottom surface direction of the solid heat storage electric boiler, and the size of the hole is according to the pipe diameter of the branch pipe. A branch pipe is welded at the position of an opening on the water inlet pipe 6 to serve as a lower header 7, the backwater in the water inlet pipe 6 is uniformly separated, and the branch pipe is arranged at the lower part of the heat accumulator 2. Along with the increase of the number of the lower header tanks 7 in the length extending direction of the internal water inlet pipe 6, the pipe diameter of the water inlet pipe 6 can be properly adjusted to be smaller than the pipe diameter of the water inlet 5, so that the water in the water inlet pipe 6 can be distributed into all the lower header tanks 7. And with the both ends welding stent of inlet tube 6 and lower header 7 for fixed pipeline prevents to appear in the in-process that intraductal medium flows, and the condition that the pipeline appears the slope fracture takes place. In order to prevent the uneven distribution phenomenon during the process of distributing the water from the water inlet pipe 6 to the lower header 7, the installation structures of the lower header 7 and the thin branch pipe 8 can be arranged, for example, the connection mode of the water inlet pipe 6, the water outlet pipe 7 and the thin branch pipe 8 adopts the structural mode that the port for the circulating water to enter is positioned on the same side as the port for the circulating water to flow out, so that the uneven distribution is reduced.
The second step is that: realize uniform heat exchange between return water and heat accumulator 2
In order to ensure that the return water in the lower header 7 can directly, fully and efficiently exchange heat with the heat accumulator 2, holes are formed in the lower header 7 perpendicular to the length direction of the lower header 7 and perpendicular to the bottom surface direction of the solid heat accumulation electric boiler, the number and the positions of the holes are uniformly distributed among the heat accumulators 2, and the size of each hole is according to the pipe diameter of the thin branch pipe 8. Both ends of the thin branch pipe 8 are open. One end of the thin branch pipe 8 is welded on the position of the hole of the lower header 7, and then the heat storage bricks are built into the heat storage body 2. The heat storage bricks are processed before the heat storage body 2 is built, so that the heat storage body 2 can be built around the thin branch pipe 8 and is tightly jointed; or the thin branch pipes 8 are uniformly arranged among each heat storage brick, and a certain gap is reserved between each thin branch pipe 8 and each heat storage brick, so that the direct heat exchange between the return water and the heat storage bricks is ensured. Each heat accumulator 2 is provided with a heat accumulator hole 4 for placing the resistance wire 13. If the thin branch pipe 8 is tightly jointed with the heat accumulator 2, the resistance wire 13 should avoid the thin branch pipe 8 and not directly contact with the thin branch pipe 8. The resistance wire 13 of each heat accumulator 2 is connected with a branch cable 14, and then the branch cables 14 are converged into an assembly cable which extends to the outside of the solid heat accumulation brick along the bottom of the heat accumulation brick. The return water and the heat accumulator 2 perform direct and sufficient heat exchange, the step heat exchange taking air as a medium is cancelled, and the heat exchange efficiency of the solid heat storage electric boiler is improved. In addition, the heat accumulator has higher temperature and high heat exchange strength, and in order to prevent the medium in the thin branch pipe 8 from absorbing too much heat and vaporizing in the flowing heat exchange process, so that the internal overpressure condition of the boiler can be generated, when the thin branch pipe 8 is designed, the heat exchange amount between the heat accumulator 2 and the thin branch pipe 8 can be controlled by setting the length of the thin branch pipe 8 or setting the same thin branch pipe 8 into different pipe diameters, and the medium in the pipe can be ensured to reach the expected water supply temperature value when reaching the water outlet 11.
The third step: uniformly converging water supply for supplying heat
The backwater is converged in the upper collecting tank 9 after heat exchange in the thin branch pipe 8, then converged into the water outlet pipe 10 by the upper collecting tank 9, and enters a heat supply system from a water outlet 11 of the solid heat storage electric boiler after reaching a water supply temperature value so as to supply heat for users. Therefore, the lower header 7 and the upper header 9, and the water inlet pipe 6 and the water outlet pipe 10 are symmetrically arranged about the thin branch pipe 8, and the rest structures, sizes and the like are correspondingly the same. In order to prevent the medium in the solid heat storage electric boiler from vaporizing in the flowing process and causing overpressure in the solid heat storage electric boiler to cause explosion, an atmosphere communicating pipe 12 can be arranged at the position of a boiler water outlet pipe 10, and a circulating water system of the boiler is set to be a normal pressure system, so that the harm caused by overpressure is avoided.
The fourth step: measures for preventing internal heat leakage
The heat preservation should be laid and the shell is sealed all around to solid heat accumulation electric boiler's 1 inside boiler shell, prevents that the heat that heat accumulator 2 stores from leaking because of airtight not enough, leads to inside the heat that heat accumulator 2 stores leaves solid heat accumulation electric boiler through the gap, leads to the heat not to be utilized completely, causes the very big waste of resource.
The fifth step: measures for avoiding vaporization of medium in internal pipe during heating
In the process of heat supply, when an accident of power failure occurs, water in the internal pipeline of the solid heat storage electric boiler stops flowing and is not circulated any more, the water continuously absorbs heat of the heat storage bricks, so that a large amount of water is vaporized after the temperature is raised to a boiling point, the internal part of the boiler generates an overpressure condition, if the power failure time is too long, the circulating water in the boiler is completely vaporized, and the internal pipeline (the water inlet pipe 6, the lower collecting box 7, the thin branch pipe 8, the upper collecting box 9 and the water outlet pipe 10) is in a dry burning state and can be deformed and damaged. In order to avoid this, the gas can be discharged through the atmosphere connection pipe 12, the flow rate of the circulating water in the boiler can be calculated during design, the temperature of the heat accumulator 2 can be reduced to be lower than the highest bearing temperature of the inner pipe after the circulating water is completely vaporized, and a high-temperature resistant pipe can be selected as the material of the inner pipe.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for efficiently exchanging heat of a fan-free solid heat storage electric boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. uniformly distributing system backwater in the solid heat storage electric boiler;
b. the uniform heat exchange between the return water and the heat accumulator is realized;
c. water supply is uniformly converged for heat supply;
d. measures to prevent internal heat leakage;
e. avoiding water vaporization in the heating process.
2. The method for the efficient heat exchange of the solid heat storage electric boiler without the fan according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step a, a pipeline with the same pipe diameter as the water inlet is connected to the water inlet of the solid heat storage electric boiler and used as a water inlet pipe to extend into the solid heat storage electric boiler along a straight line, the length of the pipeline reaches the position of the opposite shell, and the tail end of the pipeline is in a closed state finally; and a hole is formed in the water inlet pipe which is perpendicular to the extending direction of the water inlet pipe and parallel to the bottom surface direction of the solid heat storage electric boiler, and a branch pipe is welded at the position of the hole in the water inlet pipe to be used as a lower header.
3. The method for the efficient heat exchange of the solid heat storage electric boiler without the fan according to claim 2, is characterized in that: along with the increase of the collection case quantity under the direction that inside inlet tube length extends, the pipe diameter of suitable adjustment inlet tube is less than the size of water inlet pipe diameter.
4. The method for the efficient heat exchange of the solid heat storage electric boiler without the fan according to claim 1, is characterized in that: b, holes are formed in the lower header perpendicular to the length direction of the lower header and perpendicular to the bottom surface direction of the solid heat storage electric boiler, the number and positions of the holes are uniformly distributed among the heat accumulators, and after one end of the thin branch pipe is welded to the positions of the holes in the lower header, heat storage bricks are built into the heat accumulators; the heat accumulator and the thin branch pipe have different position relations, one is that the heat accumulator is directly contacted with the thin branch pipe, under the condition, the shape of the heat accumulation brick is processed before the heat accumulator is built, so that the heat accumulator is contacted with the thin branch pipe, the other is that the thin branch pipe is uniformly arranged among each heat accumulation brick, and a certain gap is reserved between the thin branch pipe and each heat accumulation brick; a heat storage brick hole is reserved in each heat accumulator for placing a resistance wire; the resistance wire of each heat accumulator is connected with a branch cable, and the branch cables are converged into a total cable which extends to the outside of the solid heat storage rotor along the bottom of the heat storage brick.
5. The method for the efficient heat exchange of the solid heat storage electric boiler without the fan according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the heat exchange amount between the heat accumulator and the thin branch pipe is controlled by setting the length of the thin branch pipe or setting the same thin branch pipe into different pipe diameters.
6. The method for the efficient heat exchange of the solid heat storage electric boiler without the fan according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step c, the return water is converged in the upper header after heat exchange in the thin branch pipe, and then converged into the water outlet pipe by the upper header, and enters the heat supply system from the water outlet of the solid heat storage electric boiler after reaching the water supply temperature value, so as to supply heat for users.
7. The method for the efficient heat exchange of the solid heat storage electric boiler without the fan according to claim 6, characterized in that: the connection mode of the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe and the thin branch pipe adopts a structural mode that a port for circulating water to enter and a port for circulating water to flow out are on the same side.
8. The method for the efficient heat exchange of the solid heat storage electric boiler without the fan according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and d, paving a heat insulation layer in the shell of the solid heat storage electric boiler and sealing the periphery of the shell.
9. The method for the efficient heat exchange of the solid heat storage electric boiler without the fan according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and e, opening an atmosphere communicating pipe at the water outlet pipe of the boiler.
10. The method for the efficient heat exchange of the solid heat storage electric boiler without the fan according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the boiler comprises a boiler outer shell, a heat storage part and a heat release part;
the heat storage part comprises a heat storage body, a fireproof support structure and a heating device; a fireproof support structure is arranged at the lower part of the heat accumulator, and a heating device is arranged in the heat accumulator;
the heat release part comprises a thin branch pipe, an upper header, a lower header, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and an atmosphere communicating pipe; the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe are respectively positioned at the top and the bottom of the electric boiler; the water inlet pipe is connected with a plurality of lower collecting boxes, and the lower collecting boxes are perpendicular to the extending direction of the water inlet pipe and parallel to the bottom surface of the electric boiler; the water outlet pipe is connected with a plurality of upper header tanks, and the upper header tanks are vertical to the extending direction of the water outlet pipe and parallel to the bottom surface of the electric boiler; and a thin branch pipe is vertically connected between the opposite upper header and the lower header, and two sides of the thin branch pipe are respectively provided with a row of heat accumulators which are arranged in parallel or are in direct contact with the thin branch pipe.
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| CN112856803A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-05-28 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Method and system for improving load adjustability of solid heat storage electric boiler through variable heat transfer surface |
| CN112856805A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-05-28 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Safe and efficient solid heat storage electric boiler with variable heat transfer surface |
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