CN111207114A - Exhaust expander structure for reducing pneumatic noise of fan - Google Patents
Exhaust expander structure for reducing pneumatic noise of fan Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111207114A CN111207114A CN202010173246.4A CN202010173246A CN111207114A CN 111207114 A CN111207114 A CN 111207114A CN 202010173246 A CN202010173246 A CN 202010173246A CN 111207114 A CN111207114 A CN 111207114A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- air duct
- transition section
- air
- cover plate
- fan
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/667—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by influencing the flow pattern, e.g. suppression of turbulence
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/663—Sound attenuation
- F04D29/664—Sound attenuation by means of sound absorbing material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an exhaust expander structure for reducing fan noise, which comprises an air duct and an air outlet, wherein a transition section is arranged between the air duct and the air outlet, the sectional area of the air outlet after the transition section is smaller than that of the air duct before the transition section, an unsealed cavity body is arranged on the inner wall surface of the air duct, and a sound-absorbing medium is filled in the cavity body; according to the invention, a good noise reduction effect is obtained only by changing the local structure of the air outlet of the air duct and the impedance property of the local region with disordered airflow in the air duct; the hollow cavity structure in the air duct can be used as a replacement part, and the position of the impedance attribute of the air duct is adjusted according to the aerodynamic characteristics of the fan and the airflow disorder forming area of the air duct, so that the optimal noise reduction effect is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of noise control, and particularly relates to an exhaust expander structure for reducing the pneumatic noise of a fan.
Background
The noise generated when the fan operates (except the motor noise) is usually composed of two parts, namely the fan volute vibration noise and the inlet and outlet air port aerodynamic noise, and the latter is used as the main noise contribution of the fan. For the fan, when the shapes and the installation positions of the fan impeller, the volute and the volute tongue are fixed, the noise characteristic of the fan during operation is basically determined.
If the aerodynamic noise generated by the air inlet and the air outlet when the fan runs needs to be effectively reduced, a resistance or a silencer can be added to the area of the air inlet and the air outlet usually, but the aerodynamic performance of the fan can be possibly damaged, for example, the air pressure index of the air outlet does not reach the standard.
And then, by improving the structures of the collector of the air inlet of the fan and the flange of the air outlet (the flange device can be connected with an air supply pipeline), the pneumatic noise of the air inlet and the air outlet can be effectively reduced on the premise of reducing the loss of the pneumatic performance of the fan as much as possible. Meanwhile, the damping net is arranged at the air inlet of the fan, and the effect of reducing the pneumatic noise of the area of the air inlet is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the structure of the inner wall of the air duct on the premise of not damaging the aerodynamic performance of a fan on the basis of the existing air duct, change the impedance attribute of an air duct airflow disorder area by utilizing the improved structure, increase the noise energy attenuation of the area and inhibit the generation of aerodynamic noise of an air outlet of the air duct.
The invention also aims to improve the air outlet structure of the air channel, change the flowing mechanism of the air flow in the air channel and adjust the pressure and the speed distribution in the air channel on the premise of not damaging the aerodynamic performance of the fan, thereby reducing the aerodynamic noise radiated by the air inlet and the air outlet of the fan.
In order to inhibit the noise of the air outlet of the air duct, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an exhaust expander structure for reducing the pneumatic noise of a fan comprises an air inlet, an air channel, an air outlet and an air outlet expansion section in sequence from one end to the other end; the air inlet area is smaller than any cross section area in the air duct, a transition section is arranged between the air duct and the air outlet, the cross section area of the air outlet behind the transition section is smaller than the cross section area of the air duct in front of the transition section, and the cross section area of the air outlet is smaller than the cross section area of the expansion section of the air outlet.
In the above technical solution, the transition section has a curvature from one end to the other end.
In the above technical solution, the inner surface of the transition section is a smooth transition curved surface.
In the above technical scheme, the connecting portion between the transition section and the air outlet is of a step structure, and the table top of the step structure is an inward concave or outward convex arc-shaped curved surface.
The table surface of the stepped structure is an inwards concave or outwards convex arc-shaped curved surface and is mainly based on the speed and pressure distribution of airflow in the area: the distribution of the speed and the pressure in the area is related to the shapes of the wall surfaces of the specific fan and the air duct, and the concave-convex parts are respectively suitable for different occasions, so that the pressure concentration in the area can be effectively inhibited, and the aim of reducing the aerodynamic noise is fulfilled.
In the technical scheme, the inner wall surface of the transition section is provided with a non-closed cavity body, and the cavity body is filled with the sound-absorbing medium.
In the technical scheme, the middle axial surface of the air flow movement of the transition section air duct is taken as a reference point, and the cavity body is arranged at any position on the inner wall surface of the transition section on one side of the middle axial surface.
In the technical scheme, the transition section is divided into a top part and a bottom part by the middle shaft surface, wherein the curvature radius of the transition section at the top part is smaller than that of the transition section at the bottom part, and the cavity body is arranged on the inner wall of the transition section at the top part.
In the above technical scheme, the cavity body includes the apron of laminating on the changeover portion internal face, be provided with a plurality of through-hole on the apron, be the cavity between apron and the changeover portion internal face.
In the technical scheme, the inner surface of the transition section where the cover plate is arranged is an inwards concave curved surface, the shape of the cover plate is consistent with the shape of the covered inner wall surface, the surface of the cover plate is inwards concave towards the direction of the inner wall surface, and sound-absorbing media are filled between the cover plate and the inner wall surface.
In the technical scheme, the inner surface of the transition section where the cover plate is arranged is an inwards concave curved surface, the shape of the cover plate is consistent with that of the covered inner wall surface, the surface of the cover plate protrudes outwards towards the air duct in the transition section, and sound-absorbing media are filled between the cover plate and the inner wall surface.
The fan impeller, the volute and the air inlet and outlet parts are interacted by air flow to generate pneumatic noise radiated outwards from the air inlet and outlet area, when the air outlet expander structure is installed in the air inlet and outlet area of the fan, the sound-absorbing medium is filled in the cavity to change the impedance characteristic of an air channel air flow disorder area or a pressure concentration area. In the hollow cavity structure, the sound-absorbing medium mainly plays a role in reducing broadband continuous noise, and the cover plate mainly serves as a protective layer of the sound-absorbing medium and plays a role in fixing. The scheme is used for reducing the generated pneumatic noise and belongs to a passive noise reduction technology.
In the above technical scheme, the transition section is a foam metal of an integrated structure, and the foam metal is of an open-cell communication structure.
In the technical scheme, the shape of the foam metal is consistent with that of the covered inner wall surface, and the surface of the foam metal is concave towards the inner wall surface.
In the technical scheme, the shape of the foam metal is consistent with that of the covered inner wall surface, and the surface of the foam metal is concave outwards towards the direction of the inner wall surface.
The invention adopts a transition section with an integrated structure, and the noise reduction principle is as follows: when the air flow among the fan impeller, the volute and the air inlet and outlet parts interacts, pneumatic noise radiated outwards from the air inlet and outlet area is generated, when the exhaust expander structure is arranged in the air inlet and outlet area of the fan, the open-cell foam metal is arranged in the transition area, the pressure concentration phenomenon formed in the area can be inhibited, the pulsating pressure amplitude is reduced, and the purpose of inhibiting the discrete pneumatic noise is achieved.
In the technical scheme, the air duct is of a nonlinear structure, two sides of the air duct are of asymmetric structures by taking a central axis of a circulation surface of the air duct as a reference, different curvature radiuses are arranged between an air inlet and an air outlet of the air duct along the air duct, different curvature radiuses are arranged along a transition section between the air duct and the air outlet, and connecting parts between the transition section and the air outlet have different radians;
the transition section has two constraints:
and (4) position constraint: the transition area is located the minor face top region in the rectangular cross section supply air duct, and this region is close to the pipeline air outlet and has unsteady strong air current.
Structural constraint: the transition area has a smaller radius of curvature than other areas of the supply duct.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, a good noise reduction effect is obtained only by changing the local structure of the air outlet of the air duct and the impedance property of the local area of the airflow disorder area in the air duct;
the hollow cavity structure in the air duct can be used as a replacement part, and the impedance attribute and the structural attribute of the air duct are adjusted according to the aerodynamic characteristics of the fan and the airflow disorder forming area of the air duct, so that the optimal noise reduction effect is realized.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic structural views of the air duct of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram comparing the noise reduction effect of the structure of the present invention with that of the prior art;
wherein: 1 is an air duct, 2 is a transition section, 2-1 is a sound-absorbing medium, 2-2 is a cover plate, 3 is an air outlet, 4 is an air outlet expansion section, and 5 is a stepped structure.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Example one
The exhaust expander structure for reducing the aerodynamic noise of the fan of the embodiment sequentially comprises an air inlet, an air duct 1, a transition section 2, an air outlet 3 and an air outlet expansion section 4 from one end to the other end, and the structural schematic diagram of the exhaust expander structure is as shown in fig. 1.
In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the air inlet is smaller than any cross-sectional area in the air duct, which is equivalent to an expanded structure from the air inlet to the air duct, and this structure can increase the flow area of the air flow in the air duct after the air flow enters the air duct, increase the pressure at the air outlet of the fan, and reduce the aerodynamic noise.
In this embodiment, a transition section is disposed between the air duct and the air outlet, the area of the air outlet behind the transition section is smaller than the area of the cross section of the air duct in front of the transition section, and the transition section itself is a curved surface structure with a certain bending range from the air duct side to the air outlet side. The duct structure with the air duct and the transition section integrated into a whole is in a curved shape, the direction of air flow flowing in the air duct is taken as a middle axial plane, the transition section can be divided into a top part and a bottom part, wherein the top part is shown in figure 1, the curved radius of curvature of the top part is smaller than that of the bottom part, and the curved degree of the top part is larger than that of the bottom part. Thus, the top portion is a curved surface with a concave variation in radius of curvature with respect to the center of the curved circle, and the opposite of the concave curved surface is a convex curved surface. When the airflow flows through the transition section, the flow direction of the airflow can be changed to a certain extent due to the existence of the curved surface, and the energy concentration formed by dispersing the airflow through the curved surface is concentrated, so that the aim of reducing the aerodynamic noise is fulfilled.
In order to have a better noise reduction effect, the inner surface of the transition section in the embodiment is a smooth curved surface. As shown in fig. 2, the connecting portion between the transition section and the air outlet is a step-shaped step structure, and the table surface of the step structure also adopts an inward concave or outward convex arc-shaped curved surface. The curved surface is arranged, and the purpose of the curved surface is to guide the airflow to flow towards a fixed direction, so that when the airflow in the pipeline passes through the air outlet, large airflow disturbance and separation are formed in the expansion section area of the air outlet, and the generation of pneumatic noise can be effectively inhibited. For further noise reduction, an air outlet expansion section is arranged outside the air outlet, the diameter of an air channel of the air outlet is increased, the phenomenon of energy concentration of airflow can be further dispersed, loss of the pneumatic performance of the fan can be prevented, and therefore the noise reduction effect on the premise of meeting the pneumatic performance is achieved.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, in order to further improve the noise reduction effect, a noise reduction structure for increasing the impedance property is disposed at the position of the transition section. This embodiment is provided with cavity body structure on the changeover portion, cavity body structure includes a apron, the appearance of apron keeps unanimous with the appearance that needs the changeover portion internal face that the mounted position corresponds, and the apron laminating is on the changeover portion internal face. Because the inner wall surface of the transition section is a curved surface with concave inside, a cavity is arranged between the cover plate and the inner wall surface after the cover plate is covered. The cavity is filled with sound absorbing media, and the cover plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the air duct is communicated with the cavity. When the aerodynamic noise generated by the airflow at the transition section is absorbed by the sound absorption medium through the through holes on the cover plate, the purpose of reducing the noise is realized.
In this embodiment, for the purpose of making an uproar falls in better cooperation changeover portion realization, the apron because keeps the unanimous shape with changeover portion internal wall face whole appearance, therefore the surface on the apron can be carried out the indent towards changeover portion internal wall face direction. Similarly, the surface of the cover plate can be protruded outwards towards the airflow direction of the air duct, so that the contact area with noise is increased, and the noise reduction effect is improved.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, the structure of the hollow body is replaced by the structure of a solid body. This embodiment adopts the integrative structure that the foam metal made, and this integrative structure keeps the appearance unanimous with the changeover portion inner wall, and integrative structure laminating is on the inner wall face. In order to achieve a good noise reduction effect, the foam metal is of an open-cell structure, and the cells on the foam metal are communicated with one another, so that the whole interior of the foam metal is like a honeycomb. When the airflow of the fan acts on the transition section, the foam metal structure can effectively inhibit the energy concentration phenomenon formed in the region, and the pneumatic noise excited by the generated reaction force can be effectively weakened, so that the purpose of noise reduction is realized.
In both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the air duct of the whole noise reduction structure is of a nonlinear structure, two sides of the air duct are of asymmetric structures by taking a central axis as a reference, and different curvature radiuses are formed between the air inlet and the air outlet of the air duct; the air outlet has different curvature radiuses along the transition section between the air duct and the air outlet; the connecting part between the transition section and the air outlet has different radians. Therefore, it can be seen from the acoustic test data that the final noise reduction effect of the first embodiment is as shown in fig. 3 when compared with the structure of the blower outlet expander before modification.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010173246.4A CN111207114B (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Exhaust expander structure for reducing pneumatic noise of fan |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010173246.4A CN111207114B (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Exhaust expander structure for reducing pneumatic noise of fan |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111207114A true CN111207114A (en) | 2020-05-29 |
| CN111207114B CN111207114B (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111207114B (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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