CN111188355A - Super-gravity type anchorage shallow-buried foundation and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a super-gravity anchor shallowly buried foundation and a construction method, comprising: a hardened layer and pebble concrete on a soil body, a mobile support platform, a super-gravity anchor shallow-buried foundation and an adjustable support. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the construction of the super-gravity anchor shallow-buried foundation formwork system, refined rib plates are used to strengthen the large shaped steel formwork, centralized processing and on-site assembly method construction are carried out, and the construction speed is accelerated; The fixed use of profiled steel outer support and the built-in pull screw, the top of the section steel outer support is set to be adjustable, and the pull screw is connected with the same plane erected steel bar in the enlarged foundation, which improves the stability and installation accuracy of the formwork system and ensures the construction. High quality; super-gravity anchors are used for shallow-buried foundation construction, and adjustable braces are used at the post-casting belt to carry out centralized processing and on-site assembly method construction, which speeds up the construction speed.

Description

Super-gravity type anchorage shallow-buried foundation and construction method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to an ultra-high gravity type shallow anchorage foundation and a construction method, which are suitable for construction of the shallow anchorage foundation in bridge construction.

Background

With the continuous development of social economy in China, traffic construction projects such as highways, railways, light rails and the like are gradually developed, and a large bridge and a grand bridge which cross rivers, sea and the like are continuously emerged. Suspension bridges are increasingly the preferred bridge type for river-crossing bridges due to their great crossing capacity. The gravity type anchorage is a type of a main cable rope anchored by a suspension bridge, bears the vertical and horizontal forces of the main cable rope, and is one of key structures for ensuring the safety of the suspension bridge. The enlarged foundation is an important construction process of the bridge anchorage foundation, and the anchorage shallow foundation has the characteristics of large concrete volume, long duration, high concrete strength grade, high construction technical requirements and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation and a construction method, wherein the construction efficiency is high, the template is processed in a centralized mode and assembled on site, the construction speed is high, and economic and technical benefits are outstanding.

In order to realize the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow-buried foundation comprises a hardened layer and pebble concrete on a soil body, a movable support platform, an ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow-buried foundation and an adjustable support frame;

the movable support platform comprises pulleys, an anti-skid support, a steel plate, an inclined support and a steel pipe; the movable support platform is formed by welding steel pipes, and pulleys are respectively arranged on the hardened layer and the upper part of the pebble concrete to slide transversely; the middle part and the lower part of the movable support platform are respectively provided with an anti-skid support and an inclined support which are fixed through bolts, and the anti-skid support and the inclined support are both welded with steel plates; when the movable support platform moves to a designed position, the anti-skid support and the inclined support are installed, and the pump pipe is placed at the upper part of the movable support platform; after pouring is finished, the anti-skid supports and the inclined supports are detached, the next position is moved, and the anti-skid supports and the inclined supports are reinstalled;

setting a micro-expanded post-pouring belt on the anchor shallow foundation; the anchor shallow-buried foundation template is a ribbed plate reinforced shaped steel template, the shaped steel template is fixed by adopting a profile steel outer support and an inner pull rod, the top of the profile steel outer support is arranged to be adjustable, the pull rod is connected with a plane erection horizontal steel bar in the anchor shallow-buried foundation by utilizing the anchor shallow-buried foundation, a pump pipe is provided with a movable support platform, a post-cast strip is reserved by adopting a channel steel or a dense mesh net reinforced by the back of the steel bar, the dense mesh net is fixed by adopting an adjustable support frame, and the dense mesh net is fixed on the outer side of the foundation erection steel bar;

the adjustable support frame comprises a cross beam, a stand column, a hinge shaft type connecting rod and a chord member; the paired hinge shaft type connecting rods are respectively connected with the stand columns on the two sides through connecting steel plates, and are connected through hinge shafts and provided with safety bolts and corresponding safety bolt holes; the beam, the upright post and the chord member are welded and connected, and the hinge shaft type connecting rod is connected with the hinge shaft type connecting rod on the upright post through a hinge shaft; one side of the hinge type connecting rod is provided with a threaded sleeve.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the anchor shallow-buried foundation consists of a second layer of enlarged foundation and a first layer of enlarged foundation; the shaping steel templates comprise a lower shaping steel template and an upper shaping steel template, and the lower shaping steel template, the upper shaping steel template and the adjacent shaping steel templates are connected through fastening bolts; the lower shaping steel template and the upper shaping steel template are provided with vertical rib plates, transverse rib plates, upper ear plates and lower ear plates; the outer support of the profile steel comprises a lower profile steel support and an upper profile steel support.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the bottom beam is arranged on the pebble concrete outside the lower shaping steel template, the lower parts of the lower profile steel support and the upper profile steel support are connected with the bottom beam through bolts, and the top of the lower profile steel support is fixedly connected with the lower ear plate on the lower shaping steel template through a bolt; the top of the upper profile steel support is fixedly connected with an upper ear plate on the upper shaping steel template through a bolt; the top parts of the lower profile steel support and the upper profile steel support are both provided with threaded sleeves which are arranged to be adjustable; the shaped steel templates are fixed by adopting profile steel external supports and internal pull rods, one end of each pull rod is connected with the lower shaped steel template and the transverse rib plate on the upper shaped steel template, and the other end of each pull rod is connected with the erected horizontal steel bars in the super-gravity type anchorage shallow-buried enlarged foundation.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the anchor shallow-buried foundation is provided with micro-expanded post-cast strip subarea layers, each subarea is internally provided with a distributing machine, and post-cast strip embedded steel bars are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the post-cast strip of the anchor shallow-buried enlarged foundation.

The invention also provides a construction method of the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation, which comprises the following main construction steps:

1) construction preparation: raw materials enter a field, are checked and accepted, and are subjected to foundation pit measurement and line laying.

2) Constructing a foundation pit access road: construction access roads are arranged along the periphery of the shallow foundation pit and are used as main channels for mechanical equipment, material entering and leaving and abandoned slag outward transportation.

3) Excavation of a foundation pit: in the process of excavation and excavation of the foundation pit, cemented pebble layers exist in partial areas, and the cemented pebble layers are removed by chiseling, replaced and filled so as to ensure the uniformity of the whole foundation pit.

4) Anchorage foundation test: and verifying the bearing capacity and uniformity of the anchorage substrate and adopting a flat plate load test.

5) Cushion layer construction: arranging water catchment ditches around the foundation, filling graded broken stones with the thickness of 20-30 cm at the bottom of the foundation pit, and compacting by a crawler-type machine for not less than 5 times; c20 concrete cushion with the thickness of 20 cm-30 cm is poured on the upper part of the graded broken stone, and the surface is leveled in time.

6) And (3) steel bar construction: and (5) manufacturing and transporting the steel bars and binding the steel bars.

7) Construction of the pebble concrete: and constructing the pebble concrete around the foundation.

8) Constructing a foundation template: the fixed of design steel form adopts shaped steel outer support and establishes the pull rod in, and shaped steel outer support top sets up to adjustable, utilizes shallow foundation internal and same plane erection horizontal reinforcement to connect to drawing the screw rod. The lower shaping steel template and the upper shaping steel template are provided with vertical rib plates, transverse rib plates, upper ear plates and lower ear plates; the profile steel outer support comprises a lower profile steel support and an upper profile steel support;

9) mounting a post-cast strip dense mesh net: the ultra-high gravity type anchor shallow-buried foundation is provided with a micro-expansion post-cast strip for partition and layered construction, the post-cast strip is reserved by adopting a channel steel or a reinforcing steel bar back reinforcing dense mesh net, the dense mesh net is fixed by adopting an adjustable support frame, and the dense mesh net is fixed on the outer side of a foundation erection steel bar.

10) Concrete pouring of the foundation subareas: and (5) distributing and vibrating the concrete. And (3) transporting the concrete to an anchorage area by adopting a concrete transport vehicle, and conveying the cloth by adopting a concrete automobile pump and a ground pump. The pump truck is arranged on the annular access way, and the ground pump pipe is arranged on the movable support platform.

11) Post-cast strip construction: pouring micro-expansion concrete in post-cast strip after foundation partition construction is finished

12) Backfilling a foundation pit: and backfilling earthwork at the elevation above the gravel concrete filled in the foundation pit, wherein the earthwork is sourced from the excavated earthwork of the original foundation pit.

The invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

(1) the construction of the ultra-large gravity type anchorage shallow foundation formwork system is carried out by adopting a refined ribbed slab to reinforce a large block shaping steel formwork, carrying out centralized processing and field assembly method construction, and accelerating the construction speed.

(2) The fixed external support of shaped steel template and the built-in split screw that adopts shaped steel, shaped steel external support top sets up to adjustable, and split screw utilizes in the expansion basis to erect the steel bar connection with the plane, has improved the stability and the installation accuracy of template system, has guaranteed construction quality.

(3) The ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation construction is carried out, an adjustable support frame is adopted at the post-cast strip, the centralized processing and on-site assembly method construction is carried out, and the construction speed is accelerated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a supergravity type anchorage shallow foundation formwork;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an elevation of a supergravity type anchorage shallow foundation formwork;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pump tube mounting;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a large sample of a pump-tube mobile support platform;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a super-gravity type anchorage shallow foundation partition;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a super-gravity type anchorage shallow-buried foundation;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a dense mesh net adjustable bracket at a post-cast strip of an ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow-buried foundation;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a large sample at A;

FIG. 9 is a schematic drawing showing the contraction of the adjustable supporting frame of the dense mesh net of the template at the post-cast strip;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an elevation of an adjustable support frame with a dense mesh net for a template at a post-cast strip;

FIG. 11 is a flow chart of the construction process of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-soil body, 2-catchment ditch, 3-gravel, 4-concrete cushion, 5-construction sidewalk, 6-hardened layer, 7-gravel concrete, 8-bottom beam, 9-lower profile steel support, 10-lower ear plate, 11-lower shaping steel template, 12-upper shaping steel template, 13-pull rod, 14-upper profile steel support, 15-threaded sleeve, 16-upper ear plate, 17-bolt, 18-erection horizontal steel bar, 19-second layer enlarged foundation, 20-first layer enlarged foundation, 21-vertical rib plate, 22-horizontal rib plate, 23-fastening bolt, 24-pump truck, 25-pump pipe, 26-movable support platform, 27-pulley, 28-anti-skid support, 29-steel plate, 30-inclined support, 31-dense mesh net, 32-distributing machine, 33-post-cast strip, 34-post-cast strip embedded steel bars, 35-anchor shallow foundation, 36-cross beam, 37-upright post, 38-hinge shaft, 39-hinge shaft type connecting rod, 40-safety bolt, 41-safety bolt hole, 42-preformed hole, 43-connecting steel plate, 44-chord member, 45-adjustable support frame and 46-erection steel bars.

Detailed Description

The processing technical requirements of components such as a medium-sized steel template and a movable support platform, the construction technical requirements of foundation pit excavation, concrete pouring and foundation pit backfilling, the construction technical requirements of steel bar construction, the hoisting technical requirements and the like are not repeated, and the implementation mode of the construction of the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation related to the invention is mainly explained.

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an ultra-high gravity type shallow-buried foundation formwork, fig. 2 is a schematic elevation view of the ultra-high gravity type shallow-buried foundation formwork, fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a pump pipe erection, fig. 4 is a schematic large-scale sample of a pump pipe movable support platform, fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the ultra-high gravity type shallow-buried foundation, fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the ultra-high gravity type shallow-buried foundation, fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a dense mesh adjustable support frame at a post-cast strip of the ultra-high gravity type shallow-buried foundation, fig. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a large sample at a, fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view of an adjustable shrinkage of a dense mesh support frame of a formwork at the post-cast strip, fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view of an adjustable elevation support frame of a dense. Referring to the figures, the super-gravity type anchor shallow-buried foundation comprises a soil body 1, a catchment ditch 2, 30 cm-thick graded broken stones 3, 20 cm-thick C20 cushion concrete for a concrete cushion 4, a construction access road 5, a hardened layer 6, gravel concrete 7, a bottom beam 8, a lower section steel support 9, a lower ear plate 10, a lower shaping steel plate 11 made of Q235 steel plate, 6mm of panel thickness, an upper shaping steel plate 12 made of Q235 steel plate, 6mm of panel thickness, a pull rod 13, an upper section steel support 14, a threaded sleeve 15, an upper ear plate 16, a bolt 17, erection horizontal reinforcing steel bars 18, a second layer enlarged foundation 19, a first layer enlarged foundation 20, vertical rib plates 21, transverse rib plates 22, fastening bolts 23, a pump truck 24, a pump pipe 25, a movable support platform 26, pulleys 27, anti-skid supports 28, steel plates 29, an inclined support 30, a dense mesh 31, a distributing machine 32, a rear embedded belt 33 and a rear embedded reinforcing steel bar 34, the ultra-high gravity type anchor shallow-buried foundation comprises an ultra-high gravity type anchor shallow-buried foundation 35, a cross beam 36, a stand column 37, a hinge shaft 38, a hinge shaft type connecting rod 39, a safety bolt 40, a safety bolt hole 41, a preformed hole 42, a connecting steel plate 43, a chord 44 and an adjustable support frame.

Setting a micro-expansion post-pouring belt 33 on the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow-buried foundation 35 for partition layered construction, and backfilling foundation pits at the above elevation by adopting original foundation pit excavation earthwork to backfill; the ultra-large gravity type anchor shallow-buried foundation 35 template is a large block shaping steel template reinforced by a refined rib plate, the shaping steel template is fixed by a profile steel outer support and an inner pull rod 13, the top of the profile steel outer support is adjustable, a counter-pull screw rod is connected by using a same plane erection horizontal steel bar 18 in the shallow-buried foundation, a pump pipe 25 is provided with a movable support platform 26, a post-cast strip 33 is reserved by adopting a channel steel or steel bar back reinforcement dense mesh net 31, the dense mesh net 31 is fixed by an adjustable support frame, the dense mesh net 31 is fixed outside a foundation erection steel bar 46, and micro-expansion concrete is poured in the post-cast strip 33 after the construction of foundation subareas is completed;

the ultra-high gravity type anchor shallow buried foundation 35 consists of a second layer of enlarged foundation 19 and a first layer of enlarged foundation 20; the template system adopts a shaping steel template comprising a lower shaping steel template 11 and an upper shaping steel template 12, and the lower shaping steel template 11, the upper shaping steel template 12 and the adjacent shaping steel templates are connected through fastening bolts 23; the lower shaping steel template 11 and the upper shaping steel template 12 are provided with vertical rib plates 21, transverse rib plates 22, upper ear plates 16 and lower ear plates 10; the outer support of the section steel comprises a lower section steel support 9 and an upper section steel support 14;

the bottom beam 8 is arranged on the pebble concrete 7 on the outer side of the lower shaping steel template 11, the lower parts of the lower section steel support 9 and the upper section steel support 14 are connected with the bottom beam 8 through bolts, and the top of the lower section steel support 9 is fixedly connected with a lower lug plate on the lower shaping steel template 11 through a bolt; the top of the upper section steel support 14 is fixedly connected with an upper ear plate on the upper shaping steel template 12 through a bolt; the top parts of the lower section steel support 9 and the upper section steel support 14 are both provided with threaded sleeves which are arranged to be adjustable; the shaped steel templates are fixed by adopting profile steel external supports and an internal pull rod 13, one end of the pull rod 13 is connected with a transverse rib plate 22 on the lower shaped steel template 11 and the upper shaped steel template 12, and the other end of the pull rod 13 is connected with an erected horizontal steel bar 18 in the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow-buried enlarged foundation;

the movable support platform 26 consists of pulleys 27, anti-skid supports 28, steel plates 29, inclined supports 30 and steel pipes; the movable support platform 26 is formed by welding steel pipes, and pulleys 27 are respectively arranged on the upper parts of the hardened layer 6 and the pebble concrete 7 for transverse sliding; the middle part and the lower part of the movable support platform 26 are respectively provided with an anti-skid support 28 and an inclined support 30 which are fixed through bolts, and the anti-skid support 28 and the inclined support 30 are both welded with steel plates; after the movable support platform 26 moves to a designed position, the anti-skid support 28 and the inclined support 30 are installed, and the pump pipe 25 is placed on the upper portion; after pouring is finished, the anti-skid supports 28 and the inclined supports 30 are detached, the next position is moved, and the anti-skid supports 28 and the inclined supports 30 are reinstalled;

the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow-buried foundation 35 is provided with a micro-expansion post-cast strip 33 for partition layered construction, a distributing machine 32 is arranged in each partition, and post-cast strip embedded steel bars 34 are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the post-cast strip 33 of the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow-buried enlarged foundation 35;

the adjustable support frame consists of a cross beam 36, a vertical column 37, a hinge shaft 38, a hinge shaft type connecting rod 39, a safety bolt 40, a safety bolt hole 41, a preformed hole 42, a connecting steel plate 43 and a chord 44; the beam 36, the upright post 37 and the chord 44 are welded, and the hinge shaft type connecting rod 39 is connected with the hinge shaft type connecting rod 39 on the upright post through a hinge shaft; one side of the hinge shaft type connecting rod 39 is provided with a threaded sleeve 15;

firstly, preliminarily fixing the dense mesh net 31 and embedded steel bars 34 penetrating through the post-cast strip, assembling an adjustable bracket, hoisting the adjustable bracket by using a crane, enabling the adjustable bracket to be in a contraction state during hoisting, hoisting the adjustable bracket to the position of the post-cast strip 33, opening the hinge type connecting rod 39 and installing a safety bolt to prevent the hinge type connecting rod 39 from contracting, and inserting the embedded steel bars 34 of the post-cast strip into the reserved holes 42 on the cross beam 36; fixing the dense mesh net 31 on an adjustable support frame, and adjusting the threaded sleeve 15 to enable the position of the dense mesh net 31 to meet the design requirement;

the invention also provides a construction method of the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation, which comprises the following main construction steps:

1) construction preparation: raw materials enter a field, are checked and accepted, and are subjected to foundation pit measurement and line laying.

2) Constructing a foundation pit access road: construction access roads 5 are arranged along the periphery of the shallow foundation pit and are used as main channels for mechanical equipment, material entering and leaving and abandoned slag outward transportation.

3) Excavation of a foundation pit: in the process of excavation of the foundation pit, a cemented pebble layer exists in a partial area, and the cemented pebble layer is removed by chiseling and is replaced and filled so as to ensure the uniformity of the whole foundation pit.

4) Anchorage foundation test: and verifying the bearing capacity and uniformity of the anchorage substrate and adopting a flat plate load test.

5) Cushion layer construction: arranging water catchment ditches 2 around the foundation, filling 30 cm-thick graded broken stones 3 at the bottom of the foundation pit, and compacting by a crawler-type machine for not less than 5 times; c20 concrete cushion 4 with the thickness of 20 cm-30 cm is poured on the upper part of the graded broken stone 3, and the surface is leveled in time.

6) And (3) steel bar construction: and (5) manufacturing and transporting the steel bars and binding the steel bars.

7) Construction of the pebble concrete: and constructing the pebble concrete 7 around the foundation.

8) Constructing a foundation template: the fixed of design steel form adopts the shaped steel outer support and establishes pull rod 13 in, and shaped steel outer support top sets up to adjustable, utilizes shallow foundation internal and sets up horizontal reinforcing bar 18 with the plane and connect to drawing the screw rod. The lower shaping steel template 11 and the upper shaping steel template 12 are provided with vertical rib plates 21, transverse rib plates 22, upper ear plates 16 and lower ear plates 10; the outer support of the section steel comprises a lower section steel support 9 and an upper section steel support 14;

9) mounting a post-cast strip dense mesh net: the ultra-high gravity type anchor shallow foundation 35 is provided with a micro-expansion post-cast strip 33 for partition and layered construction, the post-cast strip 33 is reserved by adopting a channel steel or a reinforcing steel bar back reinforcing dense mesh net 31, the dense mesh net 31 is fixed by adopting an adjustable support frame, and the dense mesh net 31 is fixed on the outer side of a foundation erection reinforcing steel bar 46.

10) Concrete pouring of the foundation subareas: and (5) distributing and vibrating the concrete. And (3) transporting the concrete to an anchorage area by adopting a concrete transport vehicle, and conveying the cloth by adopting a concrete automobile pump and a ground pump. The pump truck is arranged on a circular access way, and the ground pump pipe 25 is arranged on a movable support platform 26.

11) Post-cast strip construction: and pouring micro-expansion concrete in the post-cast strip 33 after the construction of the foundation in the subareas is completed.

12) Backfilling a foundation pit: and backfilling earthwork at the elevation above the gravel concrete filled in the foundation pit, wherein the earthwork is sourced from the excavated earthwork of the original foundation pit.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a shallow basis that buries of super large gravity type anchorage which characterized in that: the system comprises a hardened layer (6) and pebble concrete (7) on a soil body (1), a movable support platform (26), an ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow-buried foundation (35) and an adjustable support frame;

the movable support platform (26) comprises pulleys (27), anti-skidding supports (28), steel plates (29), inclined supports (30) and steel pipes; the movable support platform (26) is formed by welding steel pipes, and the pulleys (27) are respectively arranged on the upper parts of the hardened layer (6) and the pebble concrete (7) to slide transversely; the middle part and the lower part of the movable support platform (26) are respectively provided with an anti-skid support (28) and an inclined support (30) which are fixed through bolts, and the anti-skid support (28) and the inclined support (30) are both welded with steel plates; when the movable support platform (26) moves to a designed position, an anti-skid support (28) and an inclined support (30) are installed, and a pump pipe (25) is placed at the upper part of the movable support platform; after pouring is finished, the anti-skid supports (28) and the inclined supports (30) are detached, the next position is moved, and the anti-skid supports (28) and the inclined supports (30) are reinstalled;

the anchor shallow foundation (35) is provided with a micro-expansion post-pouring belt (33); the template of the anchor shallow-buried foundation (35) is a ribbed plate reinforced shaped steel template, the shaped steel template is fixed by adopting a profile steel outer support and an inner pull rod (13), the top of the profile steel outer support is arranged to be adjustable, the pull rod (13) is connected with a plane erection horizontal steel bar (18) in the anchor shallow-buried foundation (35), a pump pipe (25) is provided with a movable support platform (26), a post-cast strip (33) is reserved by adopting a channel steel or a dense mesh net (31) reinforced by the back of the steel bar, the dense mesh net (31) is fixed by adopting an adjustable support frame, and the dense mesh net (31) is fixed on the outer side of a foundation erection steel bar (46);

the adjustable support frame comprises a cross beam (36), a vertical column (37), a hinge shaft (38), a hinge shaft type connecting rod (39) and a chord (44); the paired hinge shaft type connecting rods (39) are respectively connected with the upright posts (37) at two sides through connecting steel plates (43), and the paired hinge shaft type connecting rods (39) are connected through hinge shafts (38) and are provided with safety bolts (40) and corresponding safety bolt holes (41); the beam (36), the upright post (37) and the chord member (44) are welded and connected, and the hinge shaft type connecting rod (39) is connected with the hinge shaft type connecting rod (39) on the upright post (37) through a hinge shaft; one side of the hinge shaft type connecting rod (39) is provided with a threaded sleeve (15).

2. The ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the anchor shallow-buried foundation (35) consists of a second layer of enlarged foundation (19) and a first layer of enlarged foundation (20); the shaping steel template comprises a lower shaping steel template (11) and an upper shaping steel template (12), and the lower shaping steel template (11), the upper shaping steel template (12) and the adjacent shaping steel templates are connected through fastening bolts (23); the lower shaping steel template (11) and the upper shaping steel template (12) are provided with vertical rib plates (21), transverse rib plates (22), upper ear plates (16) and lower ear plates (10); the outer support of the section steel comprises a lower section steel support (9) and an upper section steel support (14).

3. The ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation of claim 2, which is characterized in that: a bottom beam (8) is arranged on the pebble concrete (7) on the outer side of the lower shaping steel template (11), the lower parts of a lower section steel support (9) and an upper section steel support (14) are connected with the bottom beam (8) through bolts, and the top of the lower section steel support (9) is fixedly connected with a lower ear plate on the lower shaping steel template (11) through a bolt; the top of the upper section steel support (14) is fixedly connected with an upper lug plate on the upper shaping steel template (12) through a bolt; the top parts of the lower section steel support (9) and the upper section steel support (14) are both provided with threaded sleeves which are arranged to be adjustable; the shaped steel templates are fixed by adopting profile steel external supports and an internal pull rod (13), one end of the pull rod (13) is connected with a transverse rib plate (22) on the lower shaped steel template (11) and the upper shaped steel template (12), and the other end of the pull rod is connected with an erected horizontal steel bar (18) in the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow-buried enlarged foundation.

4. The ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the shallow anchor foundation (35) is provided with a micro-expanded post-cast strip (33) which is layered in different areas, a material distributor (32) is arranged in each area, and post-cast strip embedded steel bars (34) are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the post-cast strip (33) of the shallow anchor foundation (35).

5. The construction method of the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) construction preparation: raw materials enter a field, are checked and accepted, and are subjected to foundation pit measurement and paying off;

2) constructing a foundation pit access road: arranging construction access roads (5) along the periphery of the shallow foundation pit as main channels for mechanical equipment, material entering and leaving and waste slag outward transportation;

3) excavation of a foundation pit: in the excavation process of the foundation pit, a cemented pebble layer exists in a partial area, and the cemented pebble layer is removed by chiseling and is replaced by filling so as to ensure the uniformity of the whole foundation pit;

4) anchorage foundation test: verifying the bearing capacity and uniformity of the anchorage substrate, and adopting a flat plate load test;

5) cushion layer construction: arranging water catchment ditches (2) around the foundation, filling graded broken stones (3) with the thickness of 20 cm-30 cm at the bottom of the foundation pit, and compacting by a crawler-type machine for not less than 5 times; c20 concrete cushion (4) with the thickness of 20 cm-30 cm is poured on the upper part of the graded broken stone (3), and the surface is leveled in time;

6) and (3) steel bar construction: manufacturing and transporting reinforcing steel bars, and binding the reinforcing steel bars;

7) construction of the pebble concrete: constructing the pebble concrete (7) around the foundation;

8) constructing a foundation template: the fixed shaping steel template adopts a profile steel outer support and an inner pull rod (13), the top of the profile steel outer support is adjustable, and a counter-pull screw rod is connected with a plane erection horizontal steel bar (18) by utilizing a shallow foundation; the lower shaping steel template (11) and the upper shaping steel template (12) are provided with vertical rib plates (21), transverse rib plates (22), upper ear plates (16) and lower ear plates (10); the outer support of the section steel comprises a lower section steel support (9) and an upper section steel support (14);

9) mounting a post-cast strip dense mesh net: the ultra-high gravity type anchorage shallow foundation (35) is provided with a micro-expansion post-cast strip (33) for partition and layered construction, the post-cast strip (33) is reserved by adopting a channel steel or a reinforcing steel bar back reinforcing dense mesh net (31), the dense mesh net (31) is fixed by adopting an adjustable support frame, and the dense mesh net (31) is fixed on the outer side of a foundation erection steel bar;

10) concrete pouring of the foundation subareas: distributing and vibrating the concrete; transporting the concrete to an anchorage area by adopting a concrete transport vehicle, and conveying the material by adopting a concrete automobile pump and a ground pump; the pump truck is arranged on the annular access way, and the ground pump pipe (25) is arranged on the movable support platform (26);

11) post-cast strip construction: pouring micro-expansion concrete in the post-cast strip (33) after the construction of the foundation in the subareas is finished;

12) backfilling a foundation pit: and backfilling earthwork at the elevation above the gravel concrete filled in the foundation pit, wherein the earthwork is sourced from the excavated earthwork of the original foundation pit.

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