CN111186961B - Electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor and application thereof - Google Patents
Electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment. The reactor comprises a water inlet pipe, a water inlet pump, a reactor shell, a graphite plate anode, an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component, a power supply, an aeration system, a water outlet pipe and a circulating device. The graphite plate is used as an anode, the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component is directly used as a cathode in an electrochemical system, an external electric field is applied by a voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply, and when the membrane bioreactor operates in a continuous flow mode, not only can the conventional pollutants in the sewage be removed, but also the nondegradable organic pollutants in the sewage can be removed by using a strong oxidizing substance generated by electrocatalysis without adding any chemical agent, and the high-efficiency coupling of the electrochemical oxidation and the bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a membrane bioreactor and application thereof, in particular to an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment.
Background
With the wide application of medicines, antibiotics, personal care products and the like, a large amount of organic pollutants difficult to degrade enter a municipal pipe network through various channels. Since most of the micro-pollutants have poor biodegradability, and the conventional sewage treatment plant does not specially design a corresponding treatment process, the micro-pollutants can enter a storage water body through a sewage treatment unit, and the safety of drinking water and the health of human beings are seriously threatened.
A bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor is a biomembrane reactor applied to water treatment, which adopts a permeable membrane as a microorganism growth carrier and simultaneously utilizes the permeable membrane to supply oxygen for microorganisms attached to growth. The bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor has the technical advantages that the bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor mainly has three aspects of heterogeneous mass transfer of pollutants and oxygen, oxygen supply of an aeration membrane in a bubble-free mode and functional layering of a biological membrane structure. But the removal efficiency of the non-bubble aeration membrane bioreactor to the pollutants difficult to be biodegraded is still very limited at present.
An electrochemical advanced oxidation method for treating the sewage difficult to degradeEnvironmentally friendly technology of pollutants. By applying an electric field, oxidant species (e.g. hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions, H) can be generated in situ2O2Etc.) to degrade refractory organic pollutants in the water body. Therefore, how to reasonably design the structure of the electrochemical reactor and develop a corresponding process to realize the high-efficiency coupling of the electrochemical oxidation and the bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor so as to realize the high-efficiency removal of the pollutants difficult to degrade is a problem which needs to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor has a simple structure, adopts a graphite plate as an anode, adopts an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component as a cathode in an electrochemical system directly, applies an external electric field through a voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply, can realize the removal of conventional pollutants in sewage when operating in a continuous flow mode, can realize the removal of organic pollutants difficult to degrade in the sewage by using strong oxidizing substances generated by electrocatalysis without adding any chemical agent, and can realize the efficient coupling of electrochemical oxidation and the bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor comprises a water inlet pipe, a water inlet pump, a reactor shell, a graphite plate anode, an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component, a power supply, an aeration system, a water outlet pipe and a circulating device; one end of the water inlet pipe is arranged in the reactor shell; the graphite plate anode and the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component are positioned in the reactor shell; the graphite plate anode is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply through a lead; the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply through a lead, the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component comprises a membrane frame, a stainless steel wire mesh and a hollow fiber membrane, the membrane frame comprises an upper air guide pipe and a lower air guide pipe, the upper air guide pipe is provided with an air inlet, the lower air guide pipe is provided with an air outlet, the hollow fiber membrane is woven on the stainless steel wire mesh in a curtain type arrangement mode, the upper end and the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane are respectively and hermetically fixed in the upper air guide pipe and the lower air guide pipe, the inner cavity of the hollow fiber membrane is communicated with the inner cavities of the upper air guide pipe and the lower air guide pipe, and a biological membrane is loaded on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane; the aeration system comprises an aeration pump, an aeration pipe and an exhaust pipe, wherein the aeration pipe is provided with a gas flow meter for adjusting air inflow and a pressure gauge for adjusting aeration pressure, the aeration pipe is connected with an air inlet, and the exhaust pipe is connected with an exhaust port; the water outlet pipe is communicated with an overflow weir arranged at the top of the reactor shell; the circulating device comprises a circulating pump and a circulating pipe, and two ends of the circulating pipe are respectively communicated with the lower end and the upper end of the reactor shell.
Preferably, the biological membrane is a heterotropic mass transfer biological membrane formed by a cyclic membrane hanging method.
Further preferably, the circulating film-forming method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, preparing NH4 with COD content of 50 mg/L+The simulated micro-polluted surface water with the N content of 5 mg/L is mixed uniformly with the activated sludge collected from the sewage treatment plant and the prepared simulated micro-polluted surface water according to the volume ratio of 1:2 to form mixed water body, a water inlet pump is closed, the mixed water body is poured into a reactor, wherein the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor adopted by the circular membrane hanging method has the same structure, the method is characterized in that a biological membrane is not loaded on the surface of a hollow fiber membrane in a reactor adopted by a circulating membrane hanging method, a circulating pump is started to enable active sludge at the bottom of the reactor to flow into the bottom of the reactor from the top of the reactor through the circulating pipe, the circulating flow of the reactor is set to be 1.50 mL/min, the hydraulic retention time is 24 hours, and after a layer of macroscopic biological membrane is attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, the active sludge and the surface water of simulated pollutants in the reactor are all discharged;
(2) opening a water inlet pump, and continuously feeding nutrient solution until a layer of tawny biological membrane with uniform thickness is attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, wherein the water inlet flow of the reactor is set to be 1.50 mL/min, and the component of the nutrient solution is sodium humate 40 mg/L, NH4Cl 19.11 mg/L、KCl 0.58 mg/L、MgSO4∙7H2O 12.3 mg/L、CaCl2∙2H2O 29.4 mg/L、Na2SO3 50 mg/L。
Preferably, the hollow fiber membrane is any one of a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane, a polypropylene hollow fiber membrane, a polytetrafluoroethylene hollow fiber membrane and a polyether sulfone hollow fiber membrane.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the hollow fiber membrane is 0.5-1.5 mm.
Preferably, the power supply is a voltage-stabilized direct-current power supply, and the voltage range of the power supply is 0.5-2V.
Preferably, the distance between the graphite plate anode and the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component is 0.5-5 cm.
The application of the reactor in sewage treatment.
Preferably, the hydraulic retention time is 2-8 h.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
sewage enters the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor from the water inlet pipe, organic matters which are difficult to degrade are firstly subjected to preliminary oxidative degradation by oxidative substances (hydroxyl free radicals) generated on the surface of the anode of the graphite plate, pollutants in the water reach the surface of the cathodic electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component under the action of water flow, intermediate products obtained by anodic degradation and easily-degradable pollutants in the water are degraded and removed by the biological membrane on the cathodic membrane component, and meanwhile, O released by the hollow fiber membrane is removed2Electrons are reduced to generate H on the surface of the cathode2O2，H2O2And O2Promoting the surface of the stainless steel wire of the cathode membrane assembly to generate Fe (II) through corrosion, so that a Fenton reaction occurs on a cathode interface, and simultaneously, Fe (III) can be reduced into Fe (II) through receiving electrons, so that the continuous generation of oxidant species is ensured, the removal rate of refractory organics is improved, and the treated water flows out through an overflow weir and a water outlet pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the graphite plate is used as the anode, the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component is directly used as the cathode, when the membrane bioreactor operates in a continuous flow mode of an external electric field, hydroxyl radicals generated by the anode can realize the preliminary oxidation of refractory organic matters, oxidation intermediate products can be further degraded and removed by a biological membrane on the cathode membrane component, and the incompletely degraded and removed intermediate products can be further degraded and removed by strong oxidizing substances generated on the surface of the cathode membrane component.
2. According to the invention, through the bubble-free aeration membrane, oxygen enters the biological membrane through the membrane wall in a bubble-free manner, can be directly utilized by microorganisms, the oxygen utilization rate is high, the low oxygen supply can meet the requirement of aeration, and the energy consumption is favorably reduced. In addition, no bubble is generated in the bubble-free aeration, and the biomembrane on the surface of the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component is not rubbed by the bubbles, so that the biomembrane is not easy to fall off. The unique double-membrane structure and the anisotropic mass transfer process lead the biological membrane to have the advantages of synchronous nitrification and denitrification, flexible oxygen control, long sludge age of the biological membrane, high activity, low capital construction and operation cost and the like.
3. The reactor has simple structure, convenient operation, stable effluent quality and high-efficiency sewage treatment benefit.
4. The reactor of the invention is adopted to treat sewage, no chemical addition is needed, and no secondary pollution is caused.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a reactor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane module according to the present invention;
reference numerals:
11. the device comprises a water inlet pipe 12, a water inlet pump 2, a reactor shell 3, a graphite plate anode 4, an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component 41, a stainless steel wire mesh 42, a hollow fiber membrane 43, a membrane frame 44, an upper air guide pipe 45, a lower air guide pipe 51, a circulating pipe 52, a circulating pump 6, a power supply 71, an aeration pipe 72, an aeration pump 73, a gas flowmeter 74, a pressure gauge 75, an exhaust pipe 8, and an exhaust pipe
Detailed Description
The features of the invention will be further elucidated by the following examples, without limiting the claims of the invention in any way.
Example 1:
an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor comprises a water inlet pipe 11, a water inlet pump 12, a reactor shell 2, a graphite plate anode 3, an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component 4, a power supply 6, an aeration system, a water outlet pipe 8 and a circulating device; one end of the water inlet pipe 11 is arranged in the reactor shell 2; the graphite plate anode 3 and the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component 4 are positioned in the reactor shell 2; the graphite plate anode 3 is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply 6 through a lead; the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply 6 through a lead, the distance between the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component and the graphite plate anode 3 is 50mm, the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component 4 comprises a membrane frame 43, a stainless steel wire mesh 41 and a hollow fiber membrane 42, the membrane frame 43 comprises an upper air guide pipe 44 and a lower air guide pipe 45, the upper air guide pipe 44 is provided with an air inlet, the lower air guide pipe 45 is provided with an air outlet, the hollow fiber membrane 42 is woven on the stainless steel wire mesh 41 in a curtain type arrangement mode, the upper end and the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane 42 are respectively fixed in the upper air guide pipe 44 and the lower air guide pipe 45 in a sealing mode, the inner cavity of the hollow fiber membrane 42 is communicated with the inner cavities of the upper air guide pipe 44 and the lower air guide pipe 45, and the hollow fiber membrane can be any one of polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane, polypropylene hollow fiber membrane, polytetrafluoroethylene hollow fiber membrane and polyether sulfone hollow fiber membrane, the outer diameter of the hollow fiber membrane is 1.0mm, and a biological membrane (not shown in the figure) is loaded on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, wherein the biological membrane is a heterotropic mass transfer biological membrane formed by a circulating membrane hanging method; the power supply 6 is a voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply 6; the aeration system comprises an aeration pump 72, an aeration pipe 71 and an exhaust pipe 75, wherein the aeration pipe 71 is provided with a gas flow meter 73 for adjusting the air inflow and a pressure gauge 74 for detecting the air pressure of the aeration pipe 71, the aeration pipe 71 is connected with an air inlet, and the exhaust pipe 75 is connected with an exhaust outlet; the water outlet pipe 8 is communicated with an overflow weir arranged at the top of the reactor shell 2; the circulation means includes a circulation pump 52 and a circulation pipe 51, and both ends of the circulation pipe 51 are respectively communicated with the lower end and the upper end of the reactor shell 2.
The reactor adopted by the circular membrane hanging method in the embodiment has the same structure as the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor, and the difference is that the surface of a hollow fiber membrane in the reactor adopted by the circular membrane hanging method is not loaded with a biological membrane, and the specific steps of the circular membrane hanging method are as follows:
(1) firstly, preparing NH4 with COD content of 50 mg/L+The method comprises the following steps of (1) uniformly mixing activated sludge collected from a sewage treatment plant and prepared simulated micro-polluted surface water according to a volume ratio of 1:2 to form mixed water, closing a water inlet pump, pouring the mixed water into a reactor, starting a circulating pump to enable the activated sludge at the bottom of the reactor to flow into the bottom of the reactor from the top of the reactor through the circulating pipe, setting the circulating flow of the reactor to be 1.50 mL/min, setting hydraulic retention time to be 24 hours, and completely discharging the activated sludge and the simulated pollutant surface water in the reactor after a layer of macroscopic biological membrane is attached to the surface of a hollow fiber membrane;
(2) opening a water inlet pump, and continuously feeding nutrient solution until a layer of tawny biological membrane with uniform thickness is attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, wherein the water inlet flow of the reactor is set to be 1.50 mL/min, and the component of the nutrient solution is sodium humate 40 mg/L, NH4Cl 19.11 mg/L、KCl 0.58 mg/L、MgSO4∙7H2O 12.3 mg/L、CaCl2∙2H2O 29.4 mg/L、Na2SO3 50 mg/L。
The electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor is used for treating simulated micro-polluted surface water containing Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and Trimethoprim (TMP), and the experimental working conditions are as follows: influent COD 50 mg/L, NH4 +-N5 mg/L, sulfamethoxazole 100. mu.g/L, trimethoprim 100. mu.g/L, hydraulic retention time of 2 h, and voltage of a stabilized DC power supply of 1V. Otherwise, the reactor was set as a blank control without applying electricity. The effluent COD of the two reactors is lower than 10 mg/L, the removal rate of the blank group to the sulfamethoxazole and the trimethoprim can only reach about 10%, and the removal rate of the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor with the voltage of 1.0V can be stably maintained at about 70%.
Example 2:
the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor which is the same as the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor in the embodiment 1 is used for treating simulated micro-polluted surface water containing Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and Trimethoprim (TMP), and the experimental working conditions are as follows: influent COD 50 mg/L, NH4 +5 mg/L of-N, 100 mu g/L of sulfamethoxazole, 100 mu g/L of trimethoprim, 4 h of hydraulic retention time and 1.5V of voltage-stabilized direct-current power supply. Otherwise, the reactor was set as a blank control without applying electricity. The effluent COD of the two reactors is lower than 10 mg/L, the removal rate of the blank group to the sulfamethoxazole and the trimethoprim can only reach about 10%, and the removal rate of the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor with the voltage of 1.5V applied to the sulfamethoxazole and the trimethoprim can be stably maintained above 80%.
Example 3:
the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor which is the same as the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor in the embodiment 1 is used for treating simulated micro-polluted surface water containing Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and Trimethoprim (TMP), and the experimental working conditions are as follows: influent COD 50 mg/L, NH4 +-N5 mg/L, sulfamethoxazole 100. mu.g/L, trimethoprim 100. mu.g/L, hydraulic retention time of 8 h, and voltage of a stabilized DC power supply of 2V. Otherwise, the reactor was set as a blank control without applying electricity. The effluent COD of the two reactors is lower than 10 mg/L, the removal rate of the blank group to sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim can only reach about 10%, and the removal rate of the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor with 2V voltage added can be stably maintained at more than 90%.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or substituted equally as well to achieve the same technical result; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane bioreactor is characterized by comprising a water inlet pipe, a water inlet pump, a reactor shell, a graphite plate anode, an electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component, a power supply, an aeration system, a water outlet pipe and a circulating device; one end of the water inlet pipe is arranged in the reactor shell; the graphite plate anode and the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component are positioned in the reactor shell; the graphite plate anode is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply through a lead; the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply through a lead, the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component is in a plate grid shape, the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component comprises a membrane frame, a stainless steel wire mesh and a hollow fiber membrane, the membrane frame comprises an upper air duct and a lower air duct, an air inlet is arranged on the upper air duct, an air outlet is arranged on the lower air duct, the hollow fiber membrane is woven on the stainless steel wire mesh in a curtain type arrangement mode, the upper end and the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane are respectively and hermetically fixed in the upper air duct and the lower air duct, the inner cavity of the hollow fiber membrane is communicated with the inner cavities of the upper air duct and the lower air duct, and a biological membrane is loaded on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane; the aeration system comprises an aeration pump, an aeration pipe and an exhaust pipe, wherein the aeration pipe is provided with a gas flow meter for adjusting air inflow and a pressure gauge for adjusting aeration pressure, the aeration pipe is connected with an air inlet, and the exhaust pipe is connected with an exhaust port; the water outlet pipe is communicated with an overflow weir arranged at the top of the reactor shell; the circulating device comprises a circulating pump and a circulating pipe, two ends of the circulating pipe are respectively communicated with the lower end and the upper end of the reactor shell, and a gas diffuser is not arranged at the bottom of the reactor;
the biological membrane is a heterotropic mass transfer biological membrane formed by a circulating membrane hanging method; the circulating film-forming method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, preparing NH with COD content of 50 mg/L4 +The simulated micro-polluted surface water with the N content of 5 mg/L is obtained, then the activated sludge collected from a sewage treatment plant and the prepared simulated micro-polluted surface water are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:2 to form mixed water body, a water inlet pump is closed, the mixed water body is poured into a reactor, a circulating pump is started to enable the activated sludge at the bottom of the reactor to pass through a circulating pipe from the reverse sideThe top of the reactor flows into the bottom, the circulation flow of the reactor is set to be 1.50 mL/min, the hydraulic retention time is 24 hours, and after a layer of macroscopic biological membrane is attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, all the activated sludge and the surface water of the simulated pollutants in the reactor are discharged;
(2) starting a water inlet pump, and continuously feeding nutrient solution until a layer of tawny biological membrane with uniform thickness is attached to and grown on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, wherein the water inlet flow of the reactor is set to be 1.50 mL/min, and the nutrient solution comprises sodium humate 40 mg/L, NH4Cl 19.11 mg/L、KCl 0.58 mg/L、MgSO4∙7H2O 12.3 mg/L、CaCl2∙2H2O 29.4 mg/L、Na2SO3 50 mg/L。
2. The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the hollow fiber membrane is any one of a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane, a polypropylene hollow fiber membrane, a polytetrafluoroethylene hollow fiber membrane, and a polyether sulfone hollow fiber membrane.
3. The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the hollow fiber membrane has an outer diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
4. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the power supply is a regulated dc power supply having a voltage in the range of 0.5-2V.
5. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the distance between the graphite plate anode and the electrochemical bubble-free aeration membrane component is 0.5-5 cm.
6. Use of a reactor according to claim 1 for the treatment of wastewater.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the hydraulic retention time is 2 to 8 hours.
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| CN102531153A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-07-04 | 大连大学 | Integrated bubbleless aeration membrane bioreactor |
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| CN107441950A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-08 | 同济大学 | A kind of electrochemical couple ceramic filtration membrane and its application |
| CN108394960A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2018-08-14 | 同济大学 | A kind of electrochemical cathode micro-filtration membrane coupled reactor suitable for source water pollutant removal |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102531153A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-07-04 | 大连大学 | Integrated bubbleless aeration membrane bioreactor |
| CN108394960A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2018-08-14 | 同济大学 | A kind of electrochemical cathode micro-filtration membrane coupled reactor suitable for source water pollutant removal |
| CN107285466A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-10-24 | 天津城建大学 | The sewage-treatment plant and processing method of bubble-free aeration bioreactor synchronous nitration and denitrification |
| CN107441950A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-08 | 同济大学 | A kind of electrochemical couple ceramic filtration membrane and its application |
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