CN111175020B - Improved wave test wave-absorbing facility and performance testing device and method thereof - Google Patents
Improved wave test wave-absorbing facility and performance testing device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean, and relates to an improved wave test wave-absorbing facility and a performance test device and method thereof. The improved wave test wave-absorbing facility comprises a vertical wave-absorbing facility arranged at the rear side of the wave generator and a slope wave-absorbing facility positioned at the tail end of the wave water tank or the wave water pool, and the performance testing device comprises the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility, a wave height instrument, a wave height data acquisition system and the wave water tank. The improved wave test wave-absorbing facility and the performance test device thereof provided by the invention have the characteristics of flexible installation, simple operation, easily obtained materials, lower manufacturing cost, firm and durable structure, good wave-absorbing effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean, relates to a wave-absorbing device for wave experiments, and particularly relates to an improved wave-absorbing facility for wave experiments and a performance testing device and method thereof.
Background
With the development of society, international trade is increasingly prosperous, development of ocean resources and research on ocean environments have become important fields of attention of various countries at present, and wave pools and wave water tanks are important devices for researching wave motion characteristics and mechanisms.
In a wave test, due to the limitation of the length of a water tank, incident waves are reflected when the incident waves are transmitted to the end of the water tank, the reflected waves reciprocate between a wave-making plate and the boundary of the tail end to form multiple reflection waves, the test waves are interfered and overlapped with each other to form a complex wave system so as to influence the flow field of the whole water tank, but the phenomenon does not exist in actual ocean; in addition, the water mass points which are severely disturbed in the water tank need to be stable for a long time, so that the test time and the research cost are increased. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of data and the reliability of research results, the test cost is saved, the test efficiency is improved, and wave eliminating facilities are required to be arranged at the rear side of the wave making plate and the tail end of the water tank.
The traditional wave-absorbing facilities can be divided into slope type and vertical type, and are used for eliminating wave energy in a wave water tank, a wave water tank and a ship model test water tank, and preventing reflected waves and ship travelling waves from affecting test results. Common constituent materials are crushed stone, mine slag, bamboo branches, concrete abnormal-shaped blocks, wood or concrete parting strips and the like. The wave-absorbing facilities formed by different materials are different in wave-absorbing mechanism and effect, and have good wave-absorbing performance in a certain wave period and water depth range. However, the traditional wave-absorbing facility occupies more water tank length, generally needs at least one time of incident wave wavelength, and for low-frequency long wave, the effective wave-absorbing band length needs several times of incident wave wavelength, and has the defects of wave-absorbing facility band length and narrow applicable wave frequency range.
Therefore, when the structural design of the wave test wave-absorbing facility is carried out, various wave-absorbing mechanisms and wave-absorbing effects are comprehensively considered, and a more innovative and scientific structural mode is adopted; the surface layer material and the filling material which are rough and porous on the surface and are cheap should be adopted; and the stability of the material over many years should be considered, and the problems of aging, tarnishing, flaking and accumulation of the material itself should be considered. In addition, attention should be paid to the manufacturing cost of the wave-absorbing facility and the convenience of installation and maintenance.
The novel wave-eliminating facility is developed based on the traditional wave-eliminating facility analysis and research, and the design and the method of the wave-eliminating performance testing device are provided, so that the defects of the traditional wave-eliminating structure and materials are overcome, and the novel wave-eliminating facility which is good in wave-eliminating performance, high in data accuracy and reliable in research result is found for experimental research, and a wave experimental environment which is closer to actual ocean is provided for researchers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to optimize and innovate wave-absorbing facilities of a wave test and provides an improved wave-absorbing facility of the wave test and a performance testing device and method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
In a first aspect, the invention provides an improved wave test wave-absorbing facility, which comprises a vertical wave-absorbing facility 1 arranged at the rear side of a wave generator and a slope wave-absorbing facility 2 arranged at the tail end of a wave water tank or a wave water pool.
The vertical wave-absorbing facility 1 comprises a vertical energy-absorbing net 1-1, a horizontal energy-absorbing net 1-2, a first nylon ribbon 1-3 and a first square pipe frame 1-4; the vertical energy dissipation net 1-1 and the horizontal energy dissipation net 1-2 are bound on the first square pipe frame 1-4 through the first nylon binding belt 1-3.
In a specific embodiment, the vertical energy dissipation net 1-1 and the horizontal energy dissipation net 1-2 are made of net-shaped porous hard plastic materials, and the porosity of the vertical energy dissipation net 1-1 and the horizontal energy dissipation net 1-2 is 0.65-0.85; the horizontal distance between the adjacent vertical energy dissipation nets 1-1 is 50 cm-150 cm, and the vertical distance between the adjacent horizontal energy dissipation nets 1-2 is 5 cm-10 cm; the first square pipe frame 1-4 is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel.
The slope type wave-absorbing facility 2 comprises an upper structure and a lower structure, wherein the upper structure comprises a top energy-absorbing net 2-1, a vertical face energy-absorbing net 2-2, a second square pipe rack 2-3, a second nylon ribbon 2-4, a fixed rotating shaft 2-5, a hydraulic telescopic rod 2-6, a hydraulic driving motor 2-7 and a rotating shaft 2-8; the lower structure comprises 2-9 of wire netting and 2-10 of pebbles or broken stones.
The top energy dissipation net 2-1 and the elevation energy dissipation net 2-2 of the upper structure are bound on a second square pipe support 2-3 by a second nylon ribbon 2-4; the top energy dissipation net 2-1 is arranged on the upper surface of the second square pipe support 2-3, and the vertical face energy dissipation net 2-2 is arranged in the second square pipe support 2-3; one end of the upper surface of the second square pipe support 2-3 is provided with a fixed rotating shaft 2-5, the second square pipe support 2-3 is fixed at the bottom of the wave water tank 104 through the fixed rotating shaft 2-5, and the second square pipe support 2-3 can rotate around the fixed rotating shaft 2-5; at the other end of the upper surface of the second square pipe support 2-3, two ends of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2-6 are respectively connected with the second square pipe support 2-3 and the hydraulic driving motor 2-7 through rotating shafts 2-8.
In a specific embodiment, the top energy dissipation net 2-1 and the vertical face energy dissipation net 2-2 are net-shaped porous hard plastic materials; the porosities of the top energy dissipation net 2-1 and the vertical energy dissipation net 2-2 are 0.65-0.85; the inclination angle of the top energy dissipation net 2-1 is 30-45 degrees; the inclination angle of the elevation energy dissipation net 2-2 is 45-60 degrees; the horizontal distance between the adjacent vertical face energy dissipation nets 2-2 is 5 cm-10 cm; the second square pipe frame 2-3 is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel; the maximum angle of rotation of the second square pipe support 2-3 around the fixed rotating shaft 2-5 is 15 degrees.
The wire netting 2-9 of the lower structure is covered above the pebbles or broken stones 2-10 to prevent the pebbles or broken stones 2-10 from flaking or accumulating under the action of waves.
In a specific embodiment, the mesh size of the wire mesh 2-9 should be smaller than the minimum particle size of the pebbles or crushed stones 2-10. Specifically, the particle size range of the pebbles or the gravels is 5 cm-15 cm; the stacking gradient range of the pebbles or the gravels is 1:4-1:2.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a performance testing device based on an improved wave test wave-absorbing facility, wherein the performance testing device based on the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility comprises an improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101, a wave height instrument 102, a wave height data acquisition system 103 and a wave water tank 104.
The vertical wave-absorbing facility 1 of the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 is arranged at the rear side of the wave generator, and the slope wave-absorbing facility 2 is positioned at the tail end of the water tank; the wave height meters 102 are arranged 2 in total in the wave water tank 104 along the wave propagation direction, and are sequentially arranged from the near to the far according to the distance between the wave height meters 102 and the wave making plate, the distance between the wave height meters 102 far away from the wave making plate and the slope type wave-absorbing facility 2 of the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 is S; wherein Deltal is not equal to nL/2, S is larger than L; where L is the effective wavelength of the wave and n is a multiple of one half wavelength, n=0, 1,2, 3, ….
When the pitch Δl of the wave height meter 102 is equal to nL/2 (n=0or1, 2,3, …), the Goda two-point method of separating the wave surface and calculating the reflection coefficient K r can be used. This is because when Δl=l/2 or n (L/2) (n Σ1), the values of the incident wave amplitude a I and the reflected wave amplitude a R diverge. Goda suggests that in practical applications n can be chosen between 0.1 and 0.9. This means that the minimum distance Δl min between the two points is equal to 0.45L min, whereby either the minimum wavelength L min or the maximum frequency f max can be measured. For this purpose, Δl/L may vary from 0.05 to 0.45 for regular waves; for irregular waves, the following may be used as required: Δl=0.05l max and Δl=0.45l min determine suitable Δl values such that most of the wave energy is contained within the f min～fmax range.
The distance S between the wave height meter 102 and the slope type wave absorption facility 2 of the improved wave test wave absorption facility 101 is not suitable to be smaller than (0.20-0.25) L for regular waves. In addition, since the wave in the range of the effective wavelength L before the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 is unstable, the distance S of the measuring point arrangement of the wave height measurement from the ramp-type wave-absorbing facility 2 of the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 should be out of the range of the effective wavelength L in order to obtain a reasonable result.
The wave height data acquisition system 103 is connected with the wave height instrument 102, and when the wave height instrument is used, the corresponding relation between the serial number of the wave height instrument 102 and the serial number in the wave height data acquisition system 103 is noted, and the wave height data monitored on the wave height instrument 102 are synchronously acquired in real time.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a performance testing method using the performance testing device based on the improved wave test wave absorbing facility 101, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, arranging 2 wave height meters 102 in total in a wave water tank 104 along the wave propagation direction, and sequentially numbering 1# and 2# according to the distance between the wave height meters and a wave making plate from the near to the far, wherein the distance Deltal between the adjacent wave height meters 102 is set, and the distance between the numbered 2# wave height meters 102 and a slope type wave absorption facility 2 of the improved wave test wave absorption facility 101 is S;
Step 2, respectively connecting 2 wave height meters 102 with a wave height data acquisition system 103 by using a data line, and paying attention to the corresponding relation between the number of the wave height meters 102 and the number in the wave height data acquisition system 103;
Step 3, the wave heights collected by the wave height meter 102 are all composed of an incident wave height H I and a reflected wave height H R, the incident wave and the reflected wave both meet a linear superposition relation, the waveforms both belong to normal distribution, and then wave separation can be performed according to a Goda two-point method, so as to respectively obtain the incident wave height H I and the reflected wave height H R, and the specific calculation is as follows:
The waves at any point in the wave water tank 104 are formed by superposing the incident and reflected wave trains eta I and eta R, and the waves are written as follows:
wherein M is the number of samples, a Im、aRm is the amplitude of each component wave of the incoming and reflected waves, k m＝2π/Lm is the wave number of each component wave, f m is the frequency of each component wave, ε Im、εRm is the initial phase of each component wave of the incoming and reflected waves, and is a random number uniformly distributed in the range of (0, 2 pi), x is the distance between the wave height meter and the wave-making plate, and t is time.
The waveforms measured simultaneously by the two wave height meters 102 numbered 1# and 2# are:
Wherein x 1、x2 is the distance between the wave height meters 102 numbered 1# and 2# and the wave making plate.
On the other hand, the waveform may develop a fourier series:
Where M is the number of samples, a 1m、A2m、B1m、B2m is the amplitude of each constituent wave, f m is the frequency of each constituent wave, and t is time.
The amplitude a I、aR of each component wave in the incident wave and the reflected wave can be obtained by combining the above six equations:
where A 1m、B1m、A2m、B2m is a Fourier series, when sampled at equal time intervals, this can be expressed as:
N, T is the number of samples and the total sampling time respectively; m=0, 1, 2..m (=n/2); the frequency of each component wave is f m =m/T; the wave number of each component wave is k m＝2π/Lm,Lm, which is the effective wavelength of each component wave; Δl is the distance between two adjacent wave height meters 102; n is the sampling number in one period of the wave; Is the wavefront elevation value of the sampling point S.
K Rb represents the average reflectivity of the entire wave train, and the incident wave height H I and reflected wave height H R can be calculated from K Rb and the measured composite wave height H s (the average of the two points) as follows:
By the method, the reflection coefficient K r can be obtained through computer programming calculation, the reflection coefficient K r is the ratio of the reflection wave height H R to the incident wave height H I, and the reflection coefficient K r is:
The method is applicable to not only regular waves, but also irregular test waves. For the case of regular waves, the problem is simplified, and the wave frequency in the above formulas is a constant value, i.e. m=1.
The wave height meters 102 can be arranged in the wave water tank 104 at different intervals along the wave propagation direction according to actual needs, three wave surface process lines of three points are synchronously measured, and the analysis is performed by a least square method. The Goda two-point method can also be applied to the wave surface process line recorded by any two wave height meters 102, and analysis can be performed on two groups of wave height meters 102 with different intervals respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 and the performance test device thereof provided by the invention have the characteristics of flexible installation, simple operation, easily obtained materials, lower manufacturing cost, firm and durable structure, good wave-absorbing effect and the like. Specifically:
1) The wave eliminating performance testing device is formed by the improved wave test wave eliminating facility 101, the wave height instrument 102, the wave height data acquisition system 103 and the wave water tank 104, and the wave eliminating performance of the improved wave test wave eliminating facility 101 can be researched by actually measuring the wave height data; 2) The single improved wave test wave absorbing facility 101 is used as a basic unit, and is combined according to the widths of test water tanks or water pools so as to adapt to test environments with different lengths and widths; 3) The hydraulic drive motor 2-7 is controlled to drive the hydraulic telescopic rod 2-6 to adjust the upper structure of the slope type wave-absorbing facility 2 to rotate around the fixed rotating shaft 2-5 to adjust the inclination angle, and the fixed rotating shaft 2-5 is adjusted to fix the slope type wave-absorbing facility 2 at the tail end of the test water tank 104 or the test water tank or connect the slope type wave-absorbing facility with adjacent wave-absorbing units to form a whole, so that the purpose of optimal wave-absorbing effect in the test process is realized; 4) A plurality of wave height meters 102 are arranged in the wave water tank 104 along the wave propagation direction, so that the calculation of the reflection coefficient K r is realized, and the wave eliminating performance of the improved wave test wave eliminating facility 101 is analyzed; 5) The wave height instrument 102 and the wave height data acquisition system 103 used for the wave eliminating performance test are common equipment in the wave test, special equipment is not needed, and the wave height instrument is reliable in performance, simple to operate, easy to assemble and disassemble and convenient to replace, so that the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout of a performance testing apparatus of an improved wave test wave-breaking facility of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the vertical wave-absorbing facility of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a square tube rack of the vertical wave-absorbing facility of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a ramp type wave absorbing facility of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a square tube rack of a ramp type wave absorbing facility of the present invention;
In the figure: improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101; a wave height meter 102; a wave height acquisition system 103; a wave trough 104; a vertical wave-absorbing facility 1; a slope type wave-absorbing facility 2; a vertical energy dissipation net 1-1; 1-2 of a horizontal energy dissipation net; 1-3 parts of a first nylon ribbon; a first square pipe frame 1-4; a top energy dissipation net 2-1; 2-2 of a vertical energy dissipation net; 2-3 parts of a second square pipe rack; 2-4 parts of a second nylon ribbon; 2-5 parts of fixed rotating shafts; 2-6 parts of hydraulic telescopic rods; 2-7 of a hydraulic drive motor; 2-8 of a rotating shaft; 2-9 parts of wire netting; 2-10 parts of pebbles or broken stones.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following technical schemes (and accompanying drawings).
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 includes a vertical wave-absorbing facility 1 provided at the rear side of the wave generator and a slope wave-absorbing facility 2 provided at the end of the wave water tank or wave water pool.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in this embodiment, the vertical wave-absorbing facility 1 includes a vertical energy-absorbing net 1-1, a horizontal energy-absorbing net 1-2, a first nylon cable tie 1-3 and a first square pipe frame 1-4; the vertical energy dissipation net 1-1 and the horizontal energy dissipation net 1-2 are bound on the first square pipe frame 1-4 through the first nylon binding belt 1-3.
In this embodiment, the vertical energy dissipation net 1-1 and the horizontal energy dissipation net 1-2 are mesh-shaped porous hard plastic materials. The porosities of the vertical energy dissipation net 1-1 and the horizontal energy dissipation net 1-2 are 0.65-0.85. The horizontal distance between the adjacent vertical energy dissipation nets 1-1 is 50 cm-150 cm. The vertical distance between the adjacent horizontal energy dissipation nets 1-2 is 5 cm-10 cm. The first square pipe frame 1-4 is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, in this embodiment, the slope type wave-absorbing facility 2 includes an upper structure and a lower structure, the upper structure is composed of a top energy-absorbing net 2-1, a vertical energy-absorbing net 2-2, a second square pipe rack 2-3, a second nylon cable tie 2-4, a fixed rotating shaft 2-5, a hydraulic telescopic rod 2-6, a hydraulic driving motor 2-7 and a rotating shaft 2-8; the lower structure consists of 2-9 of wire netting and 2-10 of pebbles or broken stones.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a top energy dissipation net 2-1 and a vertical energy dissipation net 2-2 of the upper structure are bound on a second square pipe frame 2-3 by a second nylon binding belt 2-4; one end of the upper surface of the second square pipe support 2-3 is provided with a fixed rotating shaft 2-5, the second square pipe support 2-3 is fixed at the bottom of the wave water tank 104 through the fixed rotating shaft 2-5, and the second square pipe support 2-3 can rotate around the fixed rotating shaft 2-5; at the other end of the upper surface of the second square pipe support 2-3, two ends of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2-6 are respectively connected with the second square pipe support 2-3 and the hydraulic driving motor 2-7 through rotating shafts 2-8.
In this embodiment, the top energy dissipation net 2-1 and the vertical face energy dissipation net 2-2 are mesh-shaped porous hard plastic materials. The top energy dissipation net 2-1 is arranged on the upper surface of the second square pipe frame 2-3. The elevation energy dissipation net 2-2 is arranged in the second square pipe frame 2-3. The porosities of the top energy dissipation net 2-1 and the vertical face energy dissipation net 2-2 are 0.65-0.85. The inclination angle of the top energy dissipation net 2-1 is 30-45 degrees. The inclination angle of the elevation energy dissipation net 2-2 is 45-60 degrees. The horizontal distance between the adjacent vertical face energy dissipation nets 2-2 is 5 cm-10 cm. The second square pipe support 2-3 is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The maximum angle by which the second square tube frame 2-3 can rotate around the fixed rotating shaft 2-5 is 15 degrees.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the wires 2-9 of the lower structure are covered over the pebbles or crushed stones 2-10 to prevent the pebbles or crushed stones 2-10 from flaking or accumulating under the action of waves.
In this embodiment, the mesh size of the wire mesh 2-9 should be smaller than the minimum particle size of the pebbles or crushed stones 2-10. The grain size range of the pebbles or broken stones is 5 cm-15 cm. The stacking gradient range of the pebbles or the gravels is 1:4-1:2.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the performance testing device of the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility includes an improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101, a wave height meter 102, a wave height data acquisition system 103, and a wave water tank 104.
In this embodiment, the upright wave-absorbing facility 1 of the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 is disposed at the rear side of the wave generator, and the ramp-type wave-absorbing facility 2 is disposed at the end of the water tank.
In this embodiment, 2 wave height meters 102 are arranged in the wave water tank 104 along the wave propagation direction, and are numbered 1# and 2# in sequence from the near to the far according to the distance between the wave height meters 102 and the wave plate, the distance between the adjacent wave height meters 102 is Δl, and the distance between the numbered 2# wave height meters 102 and the slope type wave-absorbing facility 2 of the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 is S.
In this embodiment, when the distance Δl of the adjacent wave height meter 102 is equal to nL/2 (n=0or1, 2, 3, …), L is the effective wavelength of the wave, and the Goda two-point method of separating the wave surfaces and calculating the reflection coefficient K r can be used. This is because when Δl=l/2 or n (L/2) (n Σ1), the values of the incident wave amplitude a I and the reflected wave amplitude a R diverge. Goda suggests that in practical applications n can be chosen between 0.1 and 0.9. This means that the minimum distance Δl min between the two points is equal to 0.45L min, whereby either the minimum wavelength L min or the maximum frequency f max can be measured. For this purpose, Δl/L may vary from 0.05 to 0.45 for regular waves; for irregular waves, the following may be used as required: Δl=0.05l max and Δl=0.45l min determine suitable Δl values such that most of the wave energy is contained within the f min～fmax range.
In this embodiment, the distance S between the # 2 wave height meter 102 and the ramp type wave absorbing facility 2 of the improved wave test wave absorbing facility 101 is not preferably smaller than (0.20 to 0.25) L for regular waves. In addition, since the wave in the range of the effective wavelength L before the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 is unstable, the distance S of the measuring point arrangement of the wave height measurement from the ramp-type wave-absorbing facility 2 of the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility 101 should be out of the range of the effective wavelength L in order to obtain a reasonable result.
In this embodiment, the wave height data acquisition system 103 is connected to the wave height meter 102, and acquires the wave height data monitored on the wave height meter 102 in real time.
In the embodiment, the reflection coefficient Kr can be obtained by calculation through a computer programming Goda two-point method, according to whether the reflection coefficient Kr meets the test requirement, the hydraulic driving motor 2-7 is controlled to drive the hydraulic telescopic rod 2-6 to adjust the upper structure of the slope type wave absorption facility 2 to rotate to a certain position around the fixed rotating shaft 2-5, the wave test is carried out again to judge whether the reflection coefficient Kr at the position meets the test requirement, and the circulation is carried out sequentially until the test requirement is met.
The invention has the characteristics of flexible installation, simple operation, easily obtained materials, low manufacturing cost, firm and durable structure, good wave-absorbing effect and the like. The wave eliminating performance testing device is formed by the improved wave eliminating facility, the wave height instrument, the wave height data acquisition system and the wave water tank, and the wave eliminating performance of the improved wave eliminating facility can be researched by actually measuring the wave height data; the single improved wave test wave-absorbing facility is used as a basic unit, and the combination is carried out according to the widths of test water tanks or water tanks so as to adapt to test environments with different lengths and widths; the upper structure of the slope type wave-absorbing facility is adjusted to rotate around the fixed rotating shaft by controlling the hydraulic driving motor to drive the hydraulic telescopic rod to adjust the inclination angle, and the fixed rotating shaft is adjusted to fix the slope type wave-absorbing facility at the tail end of the test water tank or connect the slope type wave-absorbing facility with the adjacent wave-absorbing units to form a whole, so that the aim of optimal wave-absorbing effect in the test process is fulfilled; a plurality of wave height meters are arranged in the wave water tank along the wave propagation direction, so that the calculation of reflection coefficients is realized, and the wave eliminating performance of the improved wave test wave eliminating facility is analyzed; the wave height instrument and the wave height data acquisition system used for the wave eliminating performance test are common equipment in the wave test, special production is not needed, and the wave height instrument and the wave height data acquisition system are reliable in performance, simple to operate, easy to assemble and disassemble and convenient to replace, so that the cost is reduced.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments and application fields, and the above-described specific embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous forms of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The improved wave test wave-absorbing facility is characterized by comprising a vertical wave-absorbing facility (1) arranged at the rear side of a wave generator and a slope wave-absorbing facility (2) positioned at the tail end of a wave water tank or a wave water pool; wherein,
The vertical wave-absorbing facility (1) comprises a vertical energy-absorbing net (1-1), a horizontal energy-absorbing net (1-2), a first nylon ribbon (1-3) and a first square pipe frame (1-4); the vertical energy dissipation net (1-1) and the horizontal energy dissipation net (1-2) are bound on the first square pipe frame (1-4) through the first nylon ribbon (1-3);
The slope type wave-absorbing facility (2) comprises an upper structure and a lower structure, wherein the upper structure comprises a top energy-absorbing net (2-1), a vertical face energy-absorbing net (2-2), a second square pipe rack (2-3), a second nylon ribbon (2-4), a fixed rotating shaft (2-5), a hydraulic telescopic rod (2-6), a hydraulic driving motor (2-7) and a rotating shaft (2-8); the lower structure comprises an iron wire net (2-9) and pebbles or broken stones (2-10);
The top energy dissipation net (2-1) and the elevation energy dissipation net (2-2) are bound on a second square pipe rack (2-3) by a second nylon ribbon (2-4); the top energy dissipation net (2-1) is arranged on the upper surface of the second square pipe frame (2-3), and the elevation energy dissipation net (2-2) is arranged in the second square pipe frame (2-3); one end of the upper surface of the second square pipe support (2-3) is provided with a fixed rotating shaft (2-5), the second square pipe support (2-3) is fixed at the bottom of the wave water tank (104) through the fixed rotating shaft (2-5), and the second square pipe support (2-3) can rotate around the fixed rotating shaft (2-5); the two ends of the hydraulic telescopic rod (2-6) are respectively connected with the second square pipe rack (2-3) and the hydraulic driving motor (2-7) through rotating shafts (2-8) at the other end of the upper surface of the second square pipe rack (2-3);
The wire netting (2-9) of the lower structure is covered above the pebbles or broken stones (2-10) to prevent the pebbles or broken stones (2-10) from flaking or accumulating under the wave action, wherein the mesh size of the wire netting (2-9) is smaller than the minimum particle size of the pebbles or broken stones (2-10).
2. The improved wave test wave-absorbing facility according to claim 1, wherein the vertical energy-absorbing net (1-1) and the horizontal energy-absorbing net (1-2) are made of net-shaped porous hard plastic materials, and the porosities of the vertical energy-absorbing net (1-1) and the horizontal energy-absorbing net (1-2) are 0.65-0.85; the horizontal distance between the adjacent vertical energy dissipation nets (1-1) is 50 cm-150 cm, and the vertical distance between the adjacent horizontal energy dissipation nets (1-2) is 5 cm-10 cm; the first square pipe frame (1-4) is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel.
3. The improved wave test wave-absorbing facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the top energy absorbing net (2-1) and the vertical face energy absorbing net (2-2) are made of net-shaped porous hard plastic materials; the porosities of the top energy dissipation net (2-1) and the vertical energy dissipation net (2-2) are 0.65-0.85; the inclination angle of the top energy dissipation net (2-1) is 30-45 degrees; the inclination angle of the elevation energy dissipation net (2-2) is 45-60 degrees; the horizontal distance between the adjacent vertical face energy dissipation nets (2-2) is 5 cm-10 cm; the second square pipe rack (2-3) is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel; the maximum angle of rotation of the second square pipe support (2-3) around the fixed rotating shaft (2-5) is 15 degrees.
4. The improved wave test wave-absorbing facility according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the particle size of the pebbles or crushed stones (2-10) is in the range of 5 cm-15 cm; the stacking gradient range of pebbles or broken stones (2-10) is 1:4-1:2.
5. An improved wave test wave-absorbing installation according to claim 3, characterized in that the particle size of the pebbles or crushed stones (2-10) is in the range of 5 cm-15 cm; the stacking gradient range of pebbles or broken stones (2-10) is 1:4-1:2.
6. A performance testing device based on the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the performance testing device comprises the improved wave test wave-absorbing facility according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a wave height meter (102), a wave height data acquisition system (103) and a wave water tank (104); wherein,
The vertical wave-absorbing facility (1) of the improved wave-absorbing facility (101) is arranged at the rear side of the wave generator, and the slope wave-absorbing facility (2) is arranged at the tail end of the water tank; the wave height meters (102) are arranged in the wave water tank (104) in total along the wave propagation direction, the distance between the wave height meters (102) and the wave making plate is delta l, and the distance between the wave height meters (102) far away from the wave making plate and the slope type wave absorbing facility (2) of the improved wave test wave absorbing facility (101) is S; wherein Deltal is not equal to nL/2, S is larger than L; l is the effective wavelength of the wave, n represents a multiple of half wavelength, n=0, 1, 2, 3, …;
the wave height data acquisition system (103) is connected with the wave height instrument (102) and is used for synchronously acquiring wave height data monitored on the wave height instrument (102) in real time.
7. A performance testing method using the performance testing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the performance testing method comprises the steps of:
step 1, arranging 2 wave height meters (102) in total in a wave water tank (104) along the wave propagation direction, numbering 1# and 2# in sequence from the near to the far according to the distance between the wave height meters and a wave making plate, setting the distance Deltal between the adjacent wave height meters (102), wherein the distance between the numbered 2# wave height meters (102) and a slope type wave absorption facility 2 of an improved wave test wave absorption facility (101) is S;
step 2, respectively connecting 2 wave height meters (102) with a wave height data acquisition system (103) by using data lines;
The wave heights collected by the wave height instrument (102) are composed of an incident wave height H I and a reflected wave height H R, the incident wave and the reflected wave both meet a linear superposition relation, the wave forms are normal distribution, then wave separation can be carried out according to a Goda two-point method, the incident wave height H I and the reflected wave height H R are respectively obtained, and the specific calculation is as follows:
waves in any point of the wave water tank (104) are formed by superposing an incident wave system eta I and a reflected wave system eta R, and the waves are written as:
Wherein M is the number of samples, a Im、aRm is the amplitude of each component wave of the incoming and reflected waves, k m＝2π/Lm is the wave number of each component wave, f m is the frequency of each component wave, ε Im、εRm is the initial phase of each component wave of the incoming and reflected waves, and is a random number uniformly distributed in the range of (0, 2 pi), x is the distance between the wave height meter and the wave-making plate, and t is time;
The waveforms measured synchronously by the two wave height meters (102) numbered 1# and 2# are:
wherein x 1、x2 is the distance between the wave height instruments (102) numbered 1# and 2# and the wave-making plate;
on the other hand, the waveform may develop a fourier series:
Wherein M is the number of samples, A 1m、A2m、B1m、B2m is the amplitude of each component wave, f m is the frequency of each component wave, and t is time;
The amplitude a I、aR of each component wave in the incident wave and the reflected wave can be obtained by combining the above six equations:
where A 1m、B1m、A2m、B2m is a Fourier series, when sampled at equal time intervals, this can be expressed as:
wherein N, T is the sample number and the total sampling time, respectively; m=0, 1, 2..m (=n/2); the frequency of each component wave is f m =m/T; the wave number of each component wave is k m＝2π/Lm,Lm, which is the effective wavelength of each component wave; Δl is the distance between two adjacent wave height meters (102); n is the sampling number in one period of the wave; The wave surface rise value of the sampling point S;
K Rb represents the average reflectivity of the entire wave train, and the incident and reflected wave heights H I and H R can be calculated from K Rb and the measured composite wave height H s as follows:
By the method, the reflection coefficient K r can be obtained through computer programming calculation, the reflection coefficient K r is the ratio of the reflection wave height H R to the incident wave height H I, and the reflection coefficient K r is:
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