Closed cooling tower capable of saving water, saving energy and eliminating white fog
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of closed cooling towers, in particular to a closed cooling tower capable of saving water, saving energy and eliminating white mist.
Background
The existing closed cooling tower cools a medium through the matching of an air cooling tube bundle and an evaporation section tube bundle, the air cooling tube bundle is arranged above the evaporation section tube bundle, a spraying device and a water collector are arranged between the air cooling tube bundle and the evaporation section tube bundle, a fan is arranged at the top of the closed cooling tower above the air cooling tube bundle, a water tank and other containers capable of containing water are arranged at the bottom of the closed cooling tower below the evaporation section tube bundle, when the closed cooling tower works, external air flows into the closed cooling tower from an air inlet below the evaporation section tube bundle, a heat exchange medium firstly flows into the air cooling tube bundle for air cooling and then flows into the evaporation section tube bundle, the spraying device sprays water to the evaporation section tube bundle, the sprayed water and the evaporation section tube bundle are in contact heat exchange, the medium in the evaporation section tube bundle is cooled, the sprayed water can be heated and evaporated into water vapor, and the water vapor is driven to flow to the top of the, in the process, the partially cooled water is blocked and collected by the water collector and then falls downwards to the evaporation section tube bundle again, so that the utilization rate of spray water is improved, and finally, part of water dropping to the lower part of the evaporation section tube bundle is collected through the water tank.
When the closed cooling tower is actually used, the closed cooling tower is greatly influenced by the environmental temperature, when the environmental temperature is higher in summer, the cooling load is also larger, the heat exchange capacities of the air cooling tube bundle and the evaporation section tube bundle are fully utilized, when the ambient temperature is lower in winter, the heat exchange capacity of the air cooling tube bundle is greatly improved along with the reduction of the external air temperature, when the environmental temperature is lower than the water stop point in winter, the spraying device is closed to ensure that the whole closed cooling tower exchanges heat in an air cooling mode, however, the existing closed cooling tower still adopts spray evaporation heat exchange when the environmental temperature is lower in winter, and the outside air is still mixed with the water vapor and then flows upwards to the air cooling tube bundle, on the one hand, when the temperature is low in winter and the heat exchange requirement can be met by an air cooling mode, the waste of spray water can be caused by adopting an evaporation heat exchange mode; on the other hand, when the temperature is lower in winter, the external air is enabled to contact with the water vapor and flow to the air cooling tube bundle after being heated, so that the air cooling tube bundle cannot contact with the air with lower actual temperature outside the cooling tower for heat exchange, waste of heat exchange capacity of the air cooling tube bundle is caused, and the external air also has to pass through the evaporation section tube bundle when the temperature is lower in winter, and is affected by the resistance of the evaporation section tube bundle in the flowing process, so that the fan needs to drive the external air to overcome the resistance of the evaporation section tube bundle under the condition of not improving the heat exchange effect, and waste of energy consumption of the fan is also caused; in addition, when the temperature is lower in winter, the vapor is mixed with outside cold air and condensed after being discharged from the top of the closed cooling tower, white fog pollution is generated, and the phenomenon of white fog pollution is more serious due to the fact that the existing closed cooling tower wastes spray water seriously when the temperature is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the existing closed cooling tower, the invention provides a closed cooling tower which can save water and energy and eliminate white mist.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a closed cooling tower capable of saving water, saving energy and eliminating white fog comprises a shell, wherein an air cooling tube bundle and an evaporation section tube bundle are arranged in the shell, an outlet of the air cooling tube bundle is communicated with an inlet of the evaporation section tube bundle, the air cooling tube bundle is positioned above the evaporation section tube bundle, a spraying device is arranged between the air cooling tube bundle and the evaporation section tube bundle, a first water collector is arranged between the spraying device and the air cooling tube bundle, a water tank is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a fan is arranged at the top of the shell, a first air inlet window is arranged on the side wall of the shell and positioned between the evaporation section tube bundle and the water tank, external air flowing from the first air inlet window is driven by the fan to flow to the top of the shell so as to drive water vapor generated after contact heat exchange between spray water and the evaporation section tube bundle to flow to the top of the shell, the water vapor is collected by the first water collector, a second air inlet, the second air inlet window is positioned between the air cooling tube bundle and the first water collector, the second water collector is also arranged in the shell and positioned between the top edges of the air cooling tube bundle and the second air inlet window, and the first water collector and the second water collector are matched to form a fresh air mixing chamber for mixing and cooling water vapor treated by the first water collector and external air flowing in from the second air inlet window;
monitoring the ambient temperature of the shell, gradually closing the first air inlet window according to the change of the ambient temperature from summer to winter so as to synchronously reduce the external air quantity flowing from the first air inlet window along with the reduction trend of the ambient temperature, and gradually opening the second air inlet window according to the change of the ambient temperature from summer to winter so as to synchronously increase the external air quantity flowing from the second air inlet window along with the reduction trend of the ambient temperature; and when the ambient temperature is reduced to the water cut-off temperature, the spraying device is closed.
Preferably, an air deflector is arranged between the air cooling tube bundle and the first water collector.
Preferably, the defined environment temperature is t, and the opening degree of the first air inlet window is theta1The opening degree of the second air inlet window is theta2,θ1And theta2The value ranges of all the components are 0-90 degrees,
the corresponding change relationship between the opening of the first air inlet window and the ambient temperature is as follows:
θ1=k1*{22.144ln+3.1994},k1the value ranges of (1) and (4) are all 0.8-1.4;
the corresponding change relationship between the opening of the second air inlet window and the ambient temperature is as follows:
θ2=k2*96.521e-0.138t,k2the value ranges of (1) and (2) are all 0.8-1.2.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the closed cooling tower capable of saving water, saving energy and eliminating white mist provided by the invention has the advantages that the second air inlet window is arranged between the air cooling pipe bundle and the first water collector, the first air inlet window can be gradually closed along with the reduction trend of the environmental temperature, the external air quantity flowing in from the first air inlet window is synchronously reduced, meanwhile, the second air inlet window can be gradually opened along with the reduction trend of the environmental temperature, the external air quantity flowing in from the second air inlet window is synchronously increased, thereby along with ambient temperature's reduction, the volume of the outside air that flows into in the new trend mixing chamber also can constantly increase, can reduce when passing the evaporation zone tube bank with the vapor contact and just flow to the outside air's of air cooling tube bank volume after being heated, guarantee to continue upwards flow to the mist's of air cooling tube bank temperature from the new trend mixing chamber lower, make air cooling tube bank's heat transfer ability can full play when ambient temperature is lower.
On the basis, compared with the existing closed cooling tower, on one hand, along with more sufficient heat exchange of the air cooling tube bundle, the temperature of the medium flowing into the evaporation section tube bundle from the air cooling tube bundle is reduced, so that when spray water contacts the evaporation section tube bundle, the load of heat exchange and cooling of the medium is reduced, the heated evaporation degree of the spray water is reduced along with the reduction of the environmental temperature, so that less spray water is required for evaporation and heat exchange when the environmental temperature is reduced, the aim of saving the spray water is fulfilled, and when the temperature is reduced to the water cut-off temperature, the spray device can be directly closed, and water is completely saved; on the other hand, because the volume of the outside air that flows into in the new trend mixing chamber constantly increases, therefore when the vapor that flows into in the new trend mixing chamber mixes with the lower air of outside temperature, the cooling of vapor can be more showing along with ambient temperature reduces, the cooperation is received the hydrophone at the second that new trend mixing chamber top set up, the damp and hot air cooling that makes the evaporation zone export, the condensation, precipitate the condensate water, through strengthening the water conservation twice, the water conservation effect is far superior to current closed cooling tower, the humid air moisture content of fan export, relative humidity is lower, thereby reach the purpose of white fog that disappears.
In the invention, a large amount of external air can directly flow to the air cooling tube bundle without passing through the evaporation section tube bundle by arranging the second air inlet window, compared with the existing closed cooling tower, because the external air in the existing closed cooling tower completely flows in from the lower part of the evaporation section tube bundle and needs to completely pass through the evaporation section tube bundle and then flow to the air cooling tube bundle, the fan in the existing closed cooling tower needs to drive the external air to overcome the resistance of the evaporation section tube bundle, and in the invention, the amount of the external air directly flowing to the air cooling tube bundle from the second air inlet window is continuously increased along with the reduction of the environmental temperature, so that the external air needing to pass through the evaporation section tube bundle can be gradually reduced, the overall resistance of the external air flowing in the closed cooling tower can be reduced, the energy consumption of the required fan can be reduced along with the reduction of the overall resistance, and the.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a first opening degree of the air inlet window and an ambient temperature;
fig. 3 is a graph showing the correspondence between the opening degree of the second air inlet window and the ambient temperature.
The labels in the figure are: 1. the system comprises a fan, 2, an air cooling tube bundle, 3, an air deflector, 4, a second water collector, 5, a second air inlet window, 6, a fresh air mixing chamber, 7, a first water collector, 8, a spraying device, 9, an evaporation section tube bundle, 10, a first air inlet window, 11 and a water tank.
Detailed Description
Referring to the drawings, the specific embodiments are as follows:
a closed cooling tower capable of saving water, saving energy and eliminating white fog comprises a shell, wherein an air cooling tube bundle 2 and an evaporation section tube bundle 9 are arranged in the shell, an outlet of the air cooling tube bundle 2 is communicated with an inlet of the evaporation section tube bundle 9, the air cooling tube bundle 2 is positioned above the evaporation section tube bundle 9, a spraying device 8 is arranged between the air cooling tube bundle 2 and the evaporation section tube bundle 9, a first water collector 7 is arranged between the spraying device 8 and the air cooling tube bundle 2, a water tank 11 is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a fan 1 is arranged at the top of the shell, a first air inlet window 10 is arranged on the side wall of the shell, the height of the first air inlet window 10 is positioned between the evaporation section tube, the fan 1 drives the external air flowing in from the first air inlet window 10 to flow to the top of the shell, so that the water vapor generated after the spray water and the evaporation section tube bundle 9 are contacted for heat exchange flows to the top of the shell, and the water vapor is collected by the first water collector 7.
Still seted up second air inlet window 5 on the lateral wall of casing, the height of second air inlet window 5 is located between air cooling tube bank 2 and the first water collector 7, still be equipped with the second in the casing and receive water collector 4, the second is received water collector 4 and is located between the top border of air cooling tube bank 2 and second air inlet window 5, the cooperation forms the new trend mixing chamber 6 that is used for supplying the mixed cooling of the vapor after first water collector 7 handles and the outside air that flows in from second air inlet window 5 between first water collector 7 and the second water collector 4, receive water treatment through second water collector 4 to mist, still be equipped with aviation baffle 3 between air cooling tube bank 2 and the first water collector 7.
In the embodiment, when the air conditioner works, the ambient temperature of the shell is monitored, the first air inlet window 10 is gradually closed according to the change of the ambient temperature from summer to winter so as to synchronously reduce the amount of external air flowing from the first air inlet window 10 along with the reduction trend of the ambient temperature, and the second air inlet window 5 is gradually opened according to the change of the ambient temperature from summer to winter so as to synchronously increase the amount of external air flowing from the second air inlet window 5 along with the reduction trend of the ambient temperature; through seting up second air inlet window 5, make a large amount of outside air can not be through evaporation zone tube bank 9 and direct flow to air cooling tube bank 2, the volume that follows second air inlet window 5 direct flow to air cooling tube bank 2's outside air when ambient temperature reduces constantly increases, the outside air that leads to needing to pass through evaporation zone tube bank 9 can reduce gradually, outside air just also can reduce at the inside bulk resistance that flows of closed cooling tower, required 1 energy consumptions of fan can reduce along with it certainly, realize energy-conserving effect.
Moreover, as the amount of the external air flowing into the fresh air mixing chamber 6 is increased along with the reduction of the environmental temperature, the amount of the external air which is contacted with the water vapor and heated before flowing into the air cooling tube bundle 2 when passing through the evaporation section tube bundle 9 can be reduced, the temperature of the mixed gas which continuously flows upwards from the fresh air mixing chamber 6 to the air cooling tube bundle 2 is ensured to be lower, and the heat exchange capacity of the air cooling tube bundle 2 can be fully exerted when the environmental temperature is lower; therefore, on the one hand along with the more abundant heat transfer of air cooling tube bank 2, the temperature when making the medium flow into evaporation zone tube bank 9 from air cooling tube bank 2 more reduces, consequently when spray water contacts with evaporation zone tube bank 9, the load that needs carry out heat transfer cooling to the medium also reduces thereupon, the evaporation degree that is heated that makes spray water also can reduce along with ambient temperature's reduction, make the damp and hot air cooling of evaporation zone export, the condensation, precipitate the condensate water, through strengthening the water conservation twice, the water conservation effect is far superior to current closed cooling tower, the damp air moisture content of fan export, relative humidity is lower, thereby reach the mesh of white fog that disappears. When the ambient temperature is reduced to the water cut-off temperature, the spraying device 8 is closed, so that the whole closed cooling tower adopts an air cooling mode, water is completely saved, and the generation of white fog is completely avoided.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the present embodiment also shows a corresponding variation relationship between the opening degree of the first louver 10 and the second louver 5 and the ambient temperature. Defining the ambient temperature as t and the opening degree of the first air inlet window as theta1The opening degree of the second air inlet window is theta2,θ1And theta2The value ranges of (1) are all 0-90 degrees, then:
the corresponding change relationship between the opening of the first air inlet window and the ambient temperature is as follows:
θ1=k1*{22.144lnt+3.1994},k1the value ranges of (1) and (4) are all 0.8-1.4;
the corresponding change relationship between the opening of the second air inlet window and the ambient temperature is as follows:
θ2=k2*96.521e-0.138t,k2the value ranges of (1) and (2) are all 0.8-1.2.
Through the above-mentioned corresponding variation relation, can guarantee that the volume of the outside air that flows in respectively from first air inlet window 10 and second air inlet window 5 is all comparatively reasonable, makes air cooling tube bank 2 and evaporation zone tube bank 9's heat transfer ability all obtain full play in the ambient temperature of difference, avoids evaporation zone tube bank 9 to consume too much shower water simultaneously. And through the specific change relation, the air conditioner can be combined with intelligent control equipment to directly control the opening degree of the first air inlet window 10 and the second air inlet window 5, so that the inconvenience of manually monitoring the environmental temperature change and then adjusting the opening degree of the air inlet windows is avoided, and the heat exchange, water saving and energy saving effects of the closed cooling tower can be ensured for a long time.