CN111157590A - Semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas sensing, and particularly relates to a semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor. The carbon monoxide sensor comprises a gas sample collection module, a gas circulation module, a semiconductor sensitive material detection module and a data processing module which are sequentially connected; the semiconductor sensitive material detection module comprises an air cavity, a semiconductor sensitive material and an element heating device; the semiconductor sensitive material and the element heating device are both arranged in the air cavity. The semiconductor sensitive material detection module taking the novel semiconductor sensitive material as the core has high response and high selectivity to carbon monoxide gas, and realizes quantitative detection of carbon monoxide by adopting the data processing module to perform data processing, so that the semiconductor sensitive material detection module has great application value in clinical diagnosis of carbon monoxide gas exhaled by a human body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas sensing, and particularly relates to a semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor.
Background
It has been found that carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaled breath of humans is mainly derived from endogenous production and exogenous inhalation, the former being derived from heme degradation (over 86%) and non-heme metabolism (no more than 14%), whereas 85% of CO derived from heme degradation is derived from erythrocyte degradation and 15% is derived from non-erythrocyte Hb. so that about 70% of endogenous CO in exhaled breath is derived from erythrocyte degradation, when Hb is decomposed to bilirubin, α -methylene carbon in Hb generates CO, i.e., 1 CO molecule is generated from 1 Hb.
Red blood cell life span (RBCS) refers to the survival time of red blood cells released from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood. Under physiological conditions, the generation and destruction of red blood cells are in dynamic equilibrium, and the RBCS of healthy adults is 115(70-140) d on average. In pathological conditions, either mechanism-mediated increased destruction of erythrocytes (i.e., hemolysis) can lead to a shortening of RBCS, and destruction of erythrocytes beyond myelocompensatory hyperplasia can lead to anemia. RBCS is the earliest and most direct index reflecting damage of red blood cells, so RBCS detection has important value for clinical diagnosis of hemolysis and differential diagnosis of anemia.
The existing equipment for detecting the service life of red blood cells in an endogenous CO breath test adopts an infrared spectroscopy method, breathes are collected through a blowing air bag and then are led into infrared testing equipment to measure the concentration of CO gas. The test time is long, the operation is complex, and the test cost is high.
Compared with the ETCO gas measuring method, the semiconductor type gas sensor taking the semiconductor sensitive material as the core has the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost, low power consumption, simple structure and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of industrial production, environmental monitoring and the like. However, due to the limitation of low sensitivity of semiconductor sensitive materials to carbon monoxide gas, no reliable semiconductor type ETCO sensor is reported at present.
Therefore, the semiconductor sensitive material which has high response to the carbon monoxide gas is designed and synthesized, and the quantitative detection of the ETCO is realized through a proper circuit and a proper mechanical structure, so that the method has great application value for the clinical diagnosis of the ETCO.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor which is low in cost and simple and convenient to operate and can realize quantitative detection of ETCO.
The invention provides a semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor which comprises a gas sample collection module, a gas circulation module, a semiconductor sensitive material detection module and a data processing module; the gas sample collection module is connected with the gas circulation module, the gas circulation module is connected with the semiconductor sensitive material detection module, and the data processing module is electrically connected with the semiconductor sensitive material detection module; the semiconductor sensitive material detection module comprises an air cavity, a semiconductor sensitive material and an element heating device; the semiconductor sensitive material is connected with the element heating device, and the semiconductor sensitive material and the element heating device are both arranged in the air cavity. Conventional optical ETCO sensing devices often require high cost, bulky optical path designs and photodetectors, whereas conventional electrochemical detection methods typically require complex sample pre-treatment processes and high cost equipment. The invention uses semiconductor sensitive material for sensing, the material has specific selectivity to ETCO, and directly outputs electric signals, without complex sample pretreatment and complex instrument structure, and has the advantages of simple operation and low cost, thereby greatly improving the popularization rate and the diagnosis speed of the invention.
Preferably, the gas sample collection module comprises a blowing nozzle, a filtering device and a dehumidifying device which are connected in sequence; the mouthpiece is used for collecting an expired gas sample; the filtering device is used for removing solid and/or liquid impurities in the expired gas sample; the dehumidifying device is used for removing water vapor in the gas sample and sending the treated gas sample into the gas circulation module.
Preferably, the gas circulation module comprises a gas flow detector, a gas pump, a gas inlet pipeline, a gas outlet pipeline and a gas valve; the gas valve is simultaneously connected with the gas flow detector, the gas inlet pipeline and the gas outlet pipeline; the air pump is connected with the exhaust pipeline; the gas flow detector is used for detecting the flow of a gas sample and outputting a signal to control the gas valve to switch between the gas inlet pipeline and the gas outlet pipeline; the gas inlet pipeline is used for inputting a gas sample into the semiconductor sensitive material detection module; the exhaust pipeline is used for exhausting the gas sample.
In the invention, when the gas flow detector detects that the flow of the exhaled gas sample is too high or too low, the gas flow detector outputs a signal to automatically switch the gas valve from the sample introduction pipeline to the exhaust pipeline, and the sample is discharged by the gas pump; the gas flow detector detects that the gas with the flow rate of the exhaled gas sample conforming to the carbon monoxide measurement standard flow rate (about 50 mL/s) enters the semiconductor sensitive material detection module through the sample introduction pipeline.
Preferably, the data processing module comprises a heating circuit, an excitation-sampling circuit and a central control chip, and the central control chip is simultaneously connected with the heating circuit and the excitation-sampling circuit.
The heating circuit is connected with an element heating device in the semiconductor sensitive material detection module.
The excitation-sampling circuit is connected with the semiconductor sensitive material in the semiconductor sensitive material detection module.
The heating circuit is used for adjusting the heating power of the element heating device.
The excitation-sampling circuit is used for converting the electric signal generated by the semiconductor sensitive material into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the central control chip.
The central control chip is used for regulating and controlling the excitation voltage of the excitation-sampling circuit and the voltage of the heating circuit and processing the received digital signals.
The data processing module also comprises a display screen which is connected with the central control chip and is used for displaying the received digital signals after processing.
Preferably, in the semiconductor sensitive material detection module, the semiconductor sensitive material is used for contacting with a gas sample and generating an electric signal. The element heating device is used for providing a temperature environment suitable for the semiconductor sensitive material to work.
Preferably, the semiconductor sensitive material component is one or a combination of at least two of indium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, tungsten oxide, noble metal doped zinc oxide, noble metal doped tungsten oxide, noble metal doped indium oxide, zinc oxide-copper oxide composite, zinc oxide-graphene composite, indium oxide-silicon oxide composite and/or tungsten oxide-silicon oxide composite.
Preferably, the noble metal is one or a combination of at least two of gold, silver, platinum or palladium.
Preferably, the morphology of the semiconductor sensitive material is powder, nano particles, a porous structure, a film structure, a wire or rod structure, a fiber or a ribbon structure.
Preferably, the central control chip is a digital signal processor.
Preferably, the semiconductor sensitive material detection module is provided with a correction system for correcting signal drift generated after the semiconductor sensitive material detection module is used for a long time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor provided by the invention uses a semiconductor sensitive material for sensing, the material has specific selectivity on ETCO, and directly outputs an electric signal, so that complicated sample pretreatment and a complex instrument structure are not needed, and the semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation and low cost;
(2) the semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor provided by the invention greatly improves the diagnosis speed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a detection schematic block diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
The present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
The principles and features of this invention are described in conjunction with the following examples, which are set forth merely to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor includes: the device comprises a gas sample acquisition module, a gas circulation module, a semiconductor sensitive material detection module and a data processing module; the gas sample collection module is connected with the gas circulation module, the gas circulation module is connected with the semiconductor sensitive material detection module, and the data processing module is electrically connected with the semiconductor sensitive material detection module;
the gas sample collection module comprises a blowing nozzle, a filtering device and a dehumidifying device which are connected in sequence; the filter device is a gauze filter device, and silica gel particles are filled in the dehumidification device;
the gas circulation module comprises a gas flow detector, a gas pump, a gas inlet pipeline, a gas outlet pipeline and a gas valve; the gas valve is simultaneously connected with the gas flow detector, the gas inlet pipeline and the gas outlet pipeline; the air pump is connected with the exhaust pipeline;
the semiconductor sensitive material detection module comprises an air cavity, a semiconductor sensitive material and an element heating device; the semiconductor sensitive material is connected with an element heating device; the semiconductor sensitive material and the element heating device are both arranged in the air cavity, and the semiconductor sensitive material is zinc oxide nano-particles modified by gold particles;
the data processing module comprises a heating circuit, an excitation-sampling circuit, a central control chip and a display screen; the central control chip is simultaneously connected with the heating circuit, the excitation-sampling circuit and the display screen, the heating circuit is connected with the element heating device in the semiconductor sensitive material detection module, and the excitation-sampling circuit is connected with the semiconductor sensitive material in the semiconductor sensitive material detection module.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor provided in embodiment 1 is used to detect the ETCO concentration in a known gas, and the application method mainly includes the following steps:
(1) a user exhales a gas sample to the blowing nozzle at a standard flow rate (about 50 mL/s) for 5 seconds, the exhalation speed can be read from a gas flow detector, the gas sample is subjected to droplet removal through a gauze filtering device and is subjected to dehumidification through a dehumidifying device filled with silica gel particles;
(2) a gas sample meeting the flow standard enters an air cavity in the semiconductor sensitive material detection module through an air inlet pipeline, contacts with the semiconductor sensitive material and reacts for 15-30 seconds, wherein the working temperature provided by the element heating device is 200 ℃;
(3) the excitation-sampling circuit converts an electric signal of resistance change generated by the semiconductor sensitive material into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the central control chip, and the central control chip performs data analysis and displays the ETCO concentration obtained by calculation on a display screen.
The embodiment can realize ETCO quantitative detection within the concentration range of 1-50 ppm, the precision is 0.5ppm, and the error is within 10%.
The invention provides a carbon monoxide sensor with low cost and simple and convenient operation, and a plurality of methods for realizing the technical scheme are available and are not limited to the embodiment. Therefore, the modifications and amendments to this technical solution without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, the present invention is not meant to be implemented only by relying on the above detailed structural features. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor is characterized by comprising a gas sample collection module, a gas circulation module, a semiconductor sensitive material detection module and a data processing module; the gas sample collection module is connected with the gas circulation module, the gas circulation module is connected with the semiconductor sensitive material detection module, and the data processing module is electrically connected with the semiconductor sensitive material detection module; the semiconductor sensitive material detection module comprises an air cavity, a semiconductor sensitive material and an element heating device; the semiconductor sensitive material is connected with the element heating device, and the semiconductor sensitive material and the element heating device are both arranged in the air cavity.
2. The semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor according to claim 1, wherein the gas sample collection module comprises a blowing nozzle, a filtering device and a dehumidifying device which are connected in sequence; the mouthpiece is used for collecting an expired gas sample; the filtering device is used for removing solid and/or liquid impurities in the expired gas sample; the dehumidifying device is used for removing water vapor in the gas sample and sending the treated gas sample into the gas circulation module.
3. The semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor according to claim 2, wherein the gas circulation module comprises a gas flow detector, a gas pump, a gas inlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe and a gas valve; the gas valve is simultaneously connected with the gas flow detector, the gas inlet pipeline and the gas outlet pipeline; the air pump is connected with the exhaust pipeline; the gas flow detector is used for detecting the flow of a gas sample and outputting a signal to control the gas valve to switch between the gas inlet pipeline and the gas outlet pipeline; the gas inlet pipeline is used for inputting a gas sample into the semiconductor sensitive material detection module; the exhaust pipeline is used for exhausting the gas sample;
when the gas flow detector detects that the flow of the exhaled gas sample is too high or too low, the gas flow detector outputs a signal to automatically switch the gas valve from the sample introduction pipeline to the exhaust pipeline, and the sample is discharged through the gas pump; the gas flow detector detects that the flow of the exhaled gas sample meets the carbon monoxide measurement standard flow, and the gas enters the semiconductor sensitive material detection module through the sample introduction pipeline.
4. The semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor according to claim 3, wherein the data processing module comprises a heating circuit, an excitation-sampling circuit and a central control chip, and the central control chip is connected with the heating circuit and the excitation-sampling circuit simultaneously;
the heating circuit is connected with an element heating device in the semiconductor sensitive material detection module;
the excitation-sampling circuit is connected with the semiconductor sensitive material in the semiconductor sensitive material detection module;
the heating circuit is used for adjusting the heating power of the element heating device;
the excitation-sampling circuit is used for converting the electric signal generated by the semiconductor sensitive material into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the central control chip;
the central control chip is used for regulating and controlling the excitation voltage of the excitation-sampling circuit and the voltage of the heating circuit and processing the received digital signals.
5. The semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor as claimed in claim 4, wherein the data processing module further comprises a display screen connected with the central control chip for processing and displaying the received digital signals.
6. The semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the semiconductor sensitive material detection module, the semiconductor sensitive material is used for contacting with a gas sample and generating an electric signal; the element heating device is used for providing a temperature environment suitable for the semiconductor sensitive material to work.
7. The semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor according to claim 6, wherein the semiconductor sensitive material component is one of indium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, tungsten oxide, noble metal doped zinc oxide, noble metal doped tungsten oxide, noble metal doped indium oxide, zinc oxide-copper oxide composite, zinc oxide-graphene composite, indium oxide-silicon oxide composite, and/or tungsten oxide-silicon oxide composite, or a combination of at least two of them.
8. The semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor according to claim 7, wherein the noble metal is one of gold, silver, platinum or palladium, or a combination of at least two thereof.
9. The semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor according to claim 8, wherein the semiconductor sensitive material is in the form of powder, nanoparticles, porous structures, thin film structures, wire or rod structures, fibers or ribbon structures.
10. The semiconductor type carbon monoxide sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semiconductor sensitive material detection module is provided with a correction system for correcting signal drift generated after the semiconductor sensitive material detection module is used for a long time.
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| CN113109514A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 惠雨恩科技(深圳)有限公司 | Musical instrument for detecting gas |
| CN116858922A (en) * | 2023-09-01 | 2023-10-10 | 天津理工大学 | High-performance gas sensing material for analyzing exhaled gas of human body and sensor |
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| CN111157590B (en) | 2023-03-07 |
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