CN111157361A - Torsion shear test machine matched with CT scanner and using method thereof - Google Patents

Torsion shear test machine matched with CT scanner and using method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111157361A
CN111157361A CN202010009347.8A CN202010009347A CN111157361A CN 111157361 A CN111157361 A CN 111157361A CN 202010009347 A CN202010009347 A CN 202010009347A CN 111157361 A CN111157361 A CN 111157361A
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China
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pressure
hollow cylindrical
cylindrical sample
cavity
supporting plate
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CN202010009347.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111157361B (en
Inventor
赵晓东
秦建香
王东
周兴亚
田秋红
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中国矿业大学
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Priority claimed from CN202010009347.8A external-priority patent/CN111157361B/en
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Publication of CN111157361B publication Critical patent/CN111157361B/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
    • G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12—Pressure testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
    • G01N2203/0066—Propagation of crack
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0222—Temperature
    • G01N2203/0228—Low temperature; Cooling means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultra-violet, infrared or similar detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/03—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/646—Specific applications or type of materials flaws, defects

Abstract

The invention discloses a torsion shear test machine matched with a CT scanner and a using method thereof, which are suitable for being used in the research of coal enterprises. The device is exerted including the axle pressure, the device is exerted to the moment of torsion, low ray absorption rate pressure chamber and base are constituteed, the axle pressure, the device is exerted to the moment of torsion is integrated and fixed with last backup pad, go up backup pad and bottom suspension fagging and pass through the pull rod hookup, base, low ray absorption rate pressure chamber and bottom suspension fagging fixed connection are equipped with water, pass the pressure fluid interface and exhaust, the refrigeration interface on low ray absorption rate pressure chamber top cap and the bottom suspension fagging. The device can form a load-freeze thawing dual disturbance environment, is matched with the conventional CT scanner, has a simple structure and a good use effect, and can realize the visualization of the evolution rule of the hollow sample cracks in the disturbance environment.

Description

Torsion shear test machine matched with CT scanner and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a torsional shear test machine and a using method thereof, in particular to a torsional shear test machine matched with a CT scanner and a using method thereof, which are suitable for analog simulation of coal mine enterprises.

Background

The West Ordos basin in China is rich in solid mineral resources such as coal, uranium, rock salt and the like, oil and gas resources such as petroleum, natural gas and the like, and water and geothermal resources. The shaft is the throat artery leading to the underground ore body. The midlife chalk series and the dwarfism sandstone of the Erdos basin generally develop, belong to argillaceous weak cementation, have extremely strong engineering environmental effects such as exposure weathering, water gelatinization, vibration loosening and the like, are influenced by weak structures (mainly including early-stage uneven extrusion and later-stage horizontal asymmetric shearing-torsion), and generally develop regional conjugated cracks, so that the development and innovation of a vertical shaft construction technology are seriously restricted.

The torsion-compression experiment is an effective means for reproducing the conjugate crack, the torsion-shear experiment machine matched with the CT scanner is the basis for realizing the crack visualization, and the consideration of the initial heterogeneity and the disturbance-induced heterogeneity of the sample is the key for obtaining the crack evolution. The existing torsional shear experimental object covers three types of rocks, frozen soil and soft soil, and the main purpose of the experiment is to obtain the sample strength under a complex stress path, particularly a main stress axis rotation condition, and further establish a strength criterion in a three-dimensional stress space, and the experimental object belongs to a unit experiment. However, the argillaceous weakly cemented sandstone has the dual properties of a discrete material and a cementatious material and has strong heterogeneity, and the experiments of the crack formation mechanism and the evolution rule in the materials are non-unit experiments from the mechanical angle of a non-continuous medium.

In addition, the existing torsional shear test machine can not realize temperature gradient control, is difficult to accurately simulate the gradient heterogeneous environment induced by load-freeze thawing dual disturbance, can not be matched with a CT scanner, and is difficult to realize visualization of conjugate crack formation and disturbance evolution.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the technology, the torsional shear test machine which is simple in structure, good in simulation effect, good in disturbance evolution effect of the weak cemented sandstone conjugate crack and matched with the CT scanner and the using method thereof are provided.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the torsion shear testing machine matched with the CT scanner comprises an upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate which are oppositely arranged, wherein a force generating device is arranged on the upper supporting plate, a base and a low-radiation-absorptivity pressure chamber are arranged on the lower supporting plate, the force generating device and the low-radiation-absorptivity pressure chamber are oppositely arranged, and a plurality of large pull rods are respectively arranged at the edges of the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate and are mutually connected;

the force generating device comprises a shaft pressure applying device and a torque applying device; the shaft pressure applying device comprises a stepping motor, a speed reducer, a coupler, a ball screw, a pressurizing shaft and a pressurizing shaft sleeve, wherein an output shaft of the stepping motor is sequentially connected with the coupler, the ball screw and the pressurizing shaft through the speed reducer;

the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber is a tubular structure with flange structures at two ends, the lower end of the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber is fixedly connected with a lower supporting plate, a base is arranged on the lower supporting plate in the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber, a hollow cylindrical sample is arranged on the base, a force transmission shaft is arranged on the hollow cylindrical sample, a groove matched with a flange is formed in the top of the force transmission shaft, the force transmission shaft is connected with a top cover in a sliding mode, the top cover is connected with the upper end flange of the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber in a sealing mode, the force transmission shaft, the hollow cylindrical sample and the base are axially matched, cavities are arranged in the force transmission shaft, the hollow cylindrical sample and the base and are connected with each other and finally combined to form an internal pressure cavity, an annular upper cavity is arranged between the force transmission shaft and the hollow cylindrical sample, an annular lower cavity is arranged between the base and the lower supporting plate, an external pressure, be equipped with the exhaust hole of upper end refrigeration liquid passageway and logical outside pressure chamber on the top cap, wherein the upper cavity links to each other with external refrigerator through upper end refrigeration liquid passageway, exhaust hole on the top cap and the external pressure chamber intercommunication of hollow cylinder sample, be equipped with on the bottom suspension fagging and press the passageway in interior pressure, the passageway is applyed to the external pressure, the passageway is applyed to lower extreme refrigeration liquid passageway and water pressure, wherein interior pressure is applyed passageway and interior pressure chamber intercommunication, the passageway is applyed to the external pressure and is communicate with external pressure chamber, the lower cavity passes base and bottom suspension fagging through lower extreme refrigeration liquid passageway and links to each other with external refrigerator, the passageway is applyed to water pressure passes bottom.

An auxiliary supporting plate is connected to the lower portion of the lower supporting plate through a small pull rod, and supporting legs are arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the auxiliary supporting plate.

The torque applying device comprises a stepping motor, a worm and a turbine, the turbine is matched with the worm, and the turbine is arranged on the outer side of the pressurizing shaft sleeve through a bearing.

And emulsion films are arranged inside and outside the hollow cylindrical sample, so that the hollow cylindrical sample is isolated from the inner pressure cavity and the outer pressure cavity.

A using method of a torsion shear test machine matched with CT comprises the following steps:

a. the method comprises the following steps that a base, a hollow cylindrical sample, a low-radiation-absorption-rate pressure chamber, a top cover and a force transmission shaft are sequentially arranged on a lower supporting plate, the central lines of the hollow cylindrical sample, the low-radiation-absorption-rate pressure chamber, the top cover and the force transmission shaft are kept the same as the central line of an internal pressure applying channel, and emulsion films are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow cylindrical sample to isolate the hollow cylindrical sample from an internal pressure cavity and an external pressure cavity;

b. respectively communicating an upper end refrigerating fluid channel and a lower end refrigerating fluid channel with an external refrigerator, respectively communicating an inner pressure cavity with an external pressure controller through an external pressure applying channel and an external pressure cavity with an external pressure controller through an internal pressure applying channel, opening an exhaust hole of the inner pressure cavity and an exhaust hole of the external pressure cavity, and pressing pressure transmission fluid into the inner pressure applying channel and the external pressure applying channel through the external pressure controller;

c. pressing distilled water into the hollow cylindrical sample through the water pressure applying channel, and closing the hollow cylindrical sample exhaust hole when the distilled water overflows from the hollow cylindrical sample exhaust hole;

d. placing the torsion shear test machine on a rotary table of a CT scanner, and adjusting the height of a ray to just penetrate through a hollow cylindrical sample;

e. controlling the axial pressure and the torque of a force generating device acting on a hollow cylindrical sample, controlling the pressure applied to the inner side of the hollow cylindrical sample in an inner pressure cavity, the pressure applied to the outer side of the hollow cylindrical sample in an outer pressure cavity and the internal water pressure of the hollow cylindrical sample by an external pressure controller, freezing the input cold energy at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow cylindrical sample by two external refrigerators through a lower-end refrigerant liquid circulating channel and a lower cavity and through an upper-end refrigerant liquid channel and an upper cavity respectively, so as to form a vertical temperature gradient on the hollow cylindrical sample, and then unfreezing;

f. and adjusting the pressure in the inner pressure cavity and the pressure in the outer pressure cavity of the hollow cylindrical sample and the axial pressure and the torque of the force generating device acting on the hollow cylindrical sample to obtain the crack characteristics and the nonlinear evolution law of the hollow sample in the environment simulating different load-freeze thawing dual disturbances in real time.

Has the advantages that: due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the CT-based load-freeze thawing dual-disturbance environment can be matched with the conventional CT scanner for use, and can realize the temperature gradient in the vertical direction on a hollow cylindrical sample, so that the load-freeze thawing dual-disturbance environment is created. In addition, the torsion shear test machine matched with the CT scanner can realize the segregation mechanism and the growth rule of the crack ice under complex stress paths and states, and develop the conventional frost heaving theory. The novel multifunctional electric heating cooker is stable in structure, good in using effect and wide in practicability in the technical field. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:

1) on the premise of meeting the miniaturization requirement, a shaft pressure and torque applying system is integrated, so that the effective height and weight of the tester are reduced;

2) on the premise of meeting the refinement requirement, the refrigeration, drainage and force transmission functions are integrated, and the water pressure control and freeze thawing control in the sample are realized;

3) mechanical structure in the ray penetration range adopts PEEK or aviation aluminium of low ray absorption rate, under the prerequisite that satisfies the high accuracy requirement, with the refrigeration liquid circulation pipeline external in the pressure chamber, further reduces its absorption to the CT ray.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a torsional shearing tester of the present invention used with a CT scanner,

fig. 2(a) is a sectional view of the axial compression and torque application device of the present invention.

Fig. 2(b) is a plan view of the axial compression and torque application device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an axial pressure applying device; 2. a torque applying device; 3. a low-radiation-absorptivity pressure chamber; 4. a stepping motor; 5. a speed reducer; 6. a coupling; 7. a ball screw; 8. a pressurizing shaft; 9. a pressurizing shaft sleeve; 10. a stepping motor 11, a worm; 12. a turbine; 13. a rotation stop key; 14. a bearing; 15. an upper support plate; 16. a pressure-torsion sensor; 17. a bearing; 18. a lower support plate; 19. an internal pressure applying passage; 20. an external pressure application channel; 21. a lower end refrigerant fluid circulation passage; 22. a top cover; 23. an internal pressure cavity vent hole; 24. a sample internal vent; 25. an upper end refrigerant fluid passage; 26. a force transmission shaft; 27. a large pull rod; 28. a small pull rod; 29. supporting legs; 30. an auxiliary support plate; 31. a hollow cylindrical sample; 32. a water pressure applying passage; 33. a groove; 34. a flange; 35. a rotary table, 36 and an outer pressure cavity exhaust hole; 37. a base; 38. an external pressure chamber; 39. an internal pressure chamber; 40. an upper cavity; 41. a lower cavity.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention will be further described with reference to examples in the drawings to which:

as shown in fig. 1, the torsional shear test machine matched with the CT scanner of the present invention is characterized in that: the device comprises an upper supporting plate 15 and a lower supporting plate 18 which are oppositely arranged, wherein a force generating device is arranged on the upper supporting plate 15, a base 37 and a low-radiation-absorptivity pressure chamber 3 are arranged on the lower supporting plate 18, the force generating device and the low-radiation-absorptivity pressure chamber 3 are oppositely arranged, and a plurality of large pull rods 27 are respectively arranged at the edges of the upper supporting plate 15 and the lower supporting plate 18 and are mutually connected; an auxiliary supporting plate 30 is connected below the lower supporting plate 18 through a small pull rod 28, and supporting legs 29 are arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the auxiliary supporting plate 30.

As shown in fig. 2(a) and 2(b), the force generation device includes an axial pressure application device 1 and a torque application device 2; the shaft pressure applying device 1 comprises a stepping motor 4, a speed reducer 5, a coupler 6, a ball screw 7, a pressurizing shaft 8 and a pressurizing shaft sleeve 9, wherein an output shaft of the stepping motor 4 is sequentially connected with the coupler 6, the ball screw 7 and the pressurizing shaft 8 through the speed reducer 5, the ball screw 7 and the pressurizing shaft 8 are fixedly connected and arranged in the pressurizing shaft sleeve 9, the pressurizing shaft 8 is connected with a pressure-torsion sensor 16 which is vertically arranged downwards, the lower end of the pressure-torsion sensor 16 is provided with a flange 34, the pressurizing shaft sleeve 9 is provided with a rotation stop key 13, and the pressurizing shaft sleeve 9 is movably connected to an upper supporting plate 15 through a bearing 14; the torque applying device 2 comprises a stepping motor 10, a worm 11 and a worm wheel 12, wherein the worm wheel 12 is matched with the worm 11, and the worm wheel 12 is arranged outside the pressurizing shaft sleeve 9 through a bearing 17.

The low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber 3 is a tubular structure with flange structures at two ends, the lower end of the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber 3 is fixedly connected with a lower supporting plate 18, a base 37 is arranged on the lower supporting plate 18 in the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber 3, a hollow cylindrical sample 31 is arranged on the base 37, latex films are arranged inside and outside the hollow cylindrical sample 31 to separate the hollow cylindrical sample 31 from an inner pressure cavity 39 and an outer pressure cavity 38, a force transmission shaft 26 is arranged on the hollow cylindrical sample 31, a groove 33 matched with a flange 34 is arranged at the top of the force transmission shaft 26, the force transmission shaft 26 is connected with a top cover 22 in a sliding manner, the top cover 22 is connected with an upper end flange of the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber 3 in a sealing manner, wherein the force transmission shaft 26, the hollow cylindrical sample 31 and the base 37 are axially matched, cavities are arranged in the three and are connected with each other to form the inner pressure cavity 39 finally, and an annular upper cavity 40 is arranged between, an annular lower cavity 41 is arranged between the base 37 and the lower supporting plate 18, an external pressure cavity 38 is arranged between the low-radiation-absorptivity pressure chamber 3 and the hollow cylindrical sample 31, an exhaust hole 23 leading to the internal pressure cavity 39 and an exhaust hole 24 leading to the inside of the hollow cylindrical sample 31 are arranged on the side surface of the force transmission shaft 26, an upper-end refrigerant liquid channel 25 and an exhaust hole 36 are arranged on the top cover 22, wherein the upper cavity 40 is connected with an external refrigerator through the upper end refrigerant liquid channel 25, the vent hole 36 is communicated with the external pressure cavity 38 of the hollow cylindrical sample 31, the lower supporting plate 18 is provided with an internal pressure applying channel 19, an external pressure applying channel 20, a lower end refrigerant liquid channel 21 and a water pressure applying channel 32, wherein the inner pressure applying passage 19 is communicated with the inner pressure chamber 39, the outer pressure applying passage 20 is communicated with the outer pressure chamber 38, the lower cavity 41 is connected with an external refrigerator by passing through the base 37 and the lower support plate 18 through the lower end refrigerant fluid passage 21, and the water pressure applying passage 32 is communicated with the hollow cylindrical sample 31 by passing through the lower support plate 18 and the base 37.

A using method of a torsion shear test machine matched with CT comprises the following steps:

a. a base 37, a hollow cylindrical sample 31, a low-radiation-absorptivity pressure chamber 3, a top cover 22 and a force transmission shaft 26 are sequentially arranged on the lower supporting plate 18, the central lines of the hollow cylindrical sample 31, the low-radiation-absorptivity pressure chamber 3, the top cover 22 and the force transmission shaft 26 are kept the same as the central line of the internal pressure applying channel 19, and emulsion films are uniformly arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow cylindrical sample 31 to isolate the hollow cylindrical sample 31 from an internal pressure cavity 39 and an external pressure cavity 38;

b. respectively communicating an upper-end refrigerating fluid channel 25 and a lower-end refrigerating fluid channel 21 with an external refrigerator, respectively communicating an inner pressure cavity 39 with an external pressure controller through an external pressure applying channel 20 and an external pressure cavity 38 with an internal pressure applying channel 19, opening an exhaust hole 23 of the inner pressure cavity 39 and an exhaust hole 36 of the external pressure cavity 38, respectively pressing pressure transmission fluid into the inner pressure applying channel 19 and the external pressure applying channel 20 through the external pressure controller, and closing the exhaust hole 23 of the inner pressure cavity and the exhaust hole 36 of the external pressure cavity when the to-be-pressed fluid respectively overflows from the exhaust hole 23 of the inner pressure cavity and the exhaust hole 36 of the external pressure cavity;

c. distilled water is pressed into the hollow cylindrical sample 31 through the water pressure applying passage 32, and the vent hole 24 is closed when the distilled water overflows from the vent hole 24;

d. the torsional shear test machine is arranged on a rotary table 35 of a CT scanner, and the height of a ray is adjusted to just penetrate through the hollow cylindrical sample 31;

e. controlling the axial pressure and the torque of the force generating device acting on the hollow cylindrical sample 31, controlling the pressure applied to the inner side of the hollow cylindrical sample 31 in the inner pressure cavity 39, the pressure applied to the outer side of the hollow cylindrical sample 31 in the outer pressure cavity 38 and the internal water pressure of the hollow cylindrical sample 31 through an external pressure controller, and then freezing the upper and lower ends of the hollow cylindrical sample 31 by using two external refrigerators through the lower-end refrigerant liquid circulating channel 21 and the lower cavity 41 and through the upper-end refrigerant liquid channel 25 and the upper cavity 40 respectively to form a vertical temperature gradient on the hollow cylindrical sample 31 and then unfreezing;

f. and adjusting the pressure in the inner pressure cavity 39, the pressure in the outer pressure cavity 38 and the axial pressure and the torque acted on the hollow cylindrical sample 31 by the force generating device of the hollow cylindrical sample 31 to obtain the crack characteristics and the nonlinear evolution law of the hollow sample 31 in the environment simulating different load-freeze thawing dual disturbances in real time.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a turn round with supporting experimental machine of cutting of CT scanner which characterized in that: the device comprises an upper supporting plate (15) and a lower supporting plate (18) which are oppositely arranged, wherein a force generating device is arranged on the upper supporting plate (15), a base (37) and a low-radiation-absorption-rate pressure chamber (3) are arranged on the lower supporting plate (18), the force generating device and the low-radiation-absorption-rate pressure chamber (3) are oppositely arranged, and a plurality of large pull rods (27) are respectively arranged at the edges of the upper supporting plate (15) and the lower supporting plate (18) and are mutually connected;
the force generating device comprises a shaft pressure applying device (1) and a torque applying device (2); the shaft pressure applying device (1) comprises a stepping motor (4), a speed reducer (5), a coupler (6), a ball screw (7), a pressurizing shaft (8) and a pressurizing shaft sleeve (9), wherein an output shaft of the stepping motor (4) is sequentially connected with the coupler (6), the ball screw (7) and the pressurizing shaft (8) through the speed reducer (5), the ball screw (7) and the pressurizing shaft (8) are fixedly connected and arranged in the pressurizing shaft sleeve (9), the pressurizing shaft (8) is connected with a pressure-torsion sensor (16) which is vertically arranged downwards, a flange (34) is arranged at the bottom end of the pressure-torsion sensor (16), a rotation stopping key (13) is arranged on the pressurizing shaft sleeve (9), and the pressurizing shaft sleeve (9) is movably connected to an upper supporting plate (15) through a bearing (14);
the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber (3) is of a tubular structure with flange structures at two ends, the lower end of the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber (3) is fixedly connected with a lower supporting plate (18), a base (37) is arranged on the lower supporting plate (18) in the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber (3), a hollow cylindrical sample (31) is arranged on the base (37), a force transmission shaft (26) is arranged on the hollow cylindrical sample (31), a groove (33) matched with a flange (34) is formed in the top of the force transmission shaft (26), the force transmission shaft (26) is connected with a top cover (22) in a sliding mode, the top cover (22) is connected with an upper end flange of the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber (3) in a sealing mode, the force transmission shaft (26), the hollow cylindrical sample (31) and the base (37) are axially matched, cavities are arranged in the low-ray absorption rate pressure chamber, the force transmission shaft (26) and the base (37) are connected with one another and finally combined to form an inner pressure, an annular lower cavity (41) is arranged between the base (37) and the lower supporting plate (18), an outer pressure cavity (38) is arranged between the low-radiation-absorption-rate pressure chamber (3) and the hollow cylindrical sample (31), an exhaust hole (23) leading to the inner pressure cavity (39) and an exhaust hole (24) leading to the inside of the hollow cylindrical sample (31) are arranged on the side surface of the force transmission shaft (26), an upper-end refrigerating fluid channel (25) and an exhaust hole (36) are arranged on the top cover (22), wherein the upper cavity (40) is connected with an external refrigerator through the upper-end refrigerating fluid channel (25), the exhaust hole (36) is communicated with the outer pressure cavity (38) of the hollow cylindrical sample (31), an inner pressure applying channel (19), an outer pressure applying channel (20), a lower-end refrigerating fluid channel (21) and a water pressure applying channel (32) are arranged on the lower supporting plate (18), wherein the inner pressure applying channel (19) is communicated with the inner pressure, the external pressure applying channel (20) is communicated with the external pressure cavity (38), the lower cavity (41) penetrates through the base (37) and the lower support plate (18) through the lower-end refrigerating fluid channel (21) to be connected with an external refrigerator, and the water pressure applying channel (32) penetrates through the lower support plate (18) and the base (37) to be communicated with the hollow cylindrical sample (31).
2. The torsion shear test machine matched with the CT scanner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an auxiliary supporting plate (30) is connected to the lower portion of the lower supporting plate (18) through a small pull rod (28), and supporting legs (29) are arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the auxiliary supporting plate (30).
3. The torsion shear test machine matched with the CT scanner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the torque applying device (2) comprises a stepping motor (10), a worm (11) and a turbine (12), wherein the turbine (12) is matched with the worm (11), and the turbine (12) is arranged on the outer side of the pressurizing shaft sleeve (9) through a bearing (17).
4. The torsion shear test machine matched with the CT scanner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: emulsion films are arranged inside and outside the hollow cylindrical sample (31) to isolate the hollow cylindrical sample (31) from the inner pressure cavity (39) and the outer pressure cavity (38).
5. A method of using the twist shear tester associated with CT of any preceding claim, comprising the steps of:
a. a base (37), a hollow cylindrical sample (31), a low-radiation-absorption-rate pressure chamber (3), a top cover (22) and a force transmission shaft (26) are sequentially arranged on a lower supporting plate (18), the central lines of the hollow cylindrical sample (31), the low-radiation-absorption-rate pressure chamber (3), the top cover (22) and the force transmission shaft (26) are kept the same as the central line of an internal pressure applying channel (19), and emulsion films are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow cylindrical sample (31) to isolate the hollow cylindrical sample (31) from an internal pressure cavity (39) and an external pressure cavity (38);
b. respectively communicating an upper-end refrigerating fluid channel (25) and a lower-end refrigerating fluid channel (21) with an external refrigerator, respectively communicating an inner pressure cavity (39) with an external pressure controller through an external pressure applying channel (20) and an external pressure cavity (38) through an internal pressure applying channel (19), opening an exhaust hole (23) of the inner pressure cavity (39) and an exhaust hole (36) of the external pressure cavity (38), pressing pressure transmission fluid into the inner pressure applying channel (19) and the external pressure applying channel (20) through the external pressure controller, and closing the exhaust hole (23) and the exhaust hole (36) when the pressure transmission fluid respectively overflows from the exhaust hole (23) and the exhaust hole (36);
c. pressing distilled water into the hollow cylindrical sample (31) through a water pressure applying passage (32), and closing the vent hole (24) when the distilled water overflows from the vent hole (24);
d. the torsional shear test machine is arranged on a rotary table (35) of a CT scanner, and the height of a ray is adjusted to just penetrate through a hollow cylindrical sample (31);
e. controlling the axial pressure and the torque of a force generating device acting on a hollow cylindrical sample (31), controlling the pressure applied to the inner side of the hollow cylindrical sample (31) in an inner pressure cavity (39), the pressure applied to the outer side of the hollow cylindrical sample (31) in an outer pressure cavity (38) and the internal water pressure of the hollow cylindrical sample (31) through an external pressure controller, and then freezing the input cold energy at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow cylindrical sample (31) through a lower-end refrigerating fluid circulating channel (21) and a lower cavity (41) and through an upper-end refrigerating fluid channel (25) and an upper cavity (40) by utilizing two external refrigerators, so that a vertical temperature gradient is formed on the hollow cylindrical sample (31), and then unfreezing;
f. and adjusting the pressure in the inner pressure cavity (39) of the hollow cylindrical sample (31), the pressure in the outer pressure cavity (38) and the axial pressure and the torque of the force generating device acting on the hollow cylindrical sample (31), and acquiring the crack characteristics and the nonlinear evolution law of the hollow sample (31) in the simulated environment with different loads and freeze thawing dual disturbances in real time.
CN202010009347.8A 2020-01-06 Torsion shear test machine matched with CT scanner and using method thereof CN111157361B (en)

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