CN111151113A

CN111151113A - A waste incineration flue gas spray deacidification tower

Info

Publication number: CN111151113A
Application number: CN202010059440.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹娱; 陈迪华; 刘南渠; 冯威旗; 邹辉
Original assignee: Yunnan Jingmei Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yunnan Jingmei Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-19
Filing date: 2020-01-19
Publication date: 2020-05-15

Abstract

A spraying deacidification tower for waste incineration flue gas is characterized in that an upper end enclosure with an exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of a tower barrel, a lower end enclosure with an air inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tower barrel, a spraying liquid taking port is formed in the side wall of the tower barrel, and a spraying pipeline system is arranged outside the tower barrel; inside is equipped with the tedge that communicates in the intake pipe, the upper end of tedge is equipped with the air distribution awl, the top of air distribution awl is equipped with the baffling cap, the top of baffling cap is from up being equipped with foam down and takes place cover, cloth liquid system, defoaming system, defroster in proper order. The flue gas flows from bottom to top in the tower, and the purifying liquid flows from top to bottom, and when the flue gas and the purifying liquid are firstly in contact with the foam generating cover at the purifying liquid and the flue gas, foam is generated, so that the flue gas and the purifying liquid are fully contacted, then the dynamic stability of the foam is maintained, and finally the flue gas is discharged after demisting. Compared with the common traditional spray tower, the invention is more suitable for the waste incineration flue gas, has better purification effect and reliability, does not need to build a huge purification liquid treatment system, and has lower construction and operation cost.

Description

Waste incineration flue gas sprays deacidification tower

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of incineration flue gas purification treatment, in particular to a spraying deacidification tower for waste incineration flue gas.

Technical Field

The scrubbing process is an important means of exhaust gas purification. The process is to make the purifying liquid containing purifying agent contact with waste gas, and the heat and mass transfer, even chemical reaction, occurs between gas phase and liquid phase to remove or reduce the harmful components in the waste gas, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the waste gas.

The spraying is one of washing processes, and is characterized in that after waste gas is introduced into a spray tower, the purification liquid is pressurized and then sprayed out through a special nozzle to form a large amount of fog drops, so that the waste gas and the purification liquid fog drops are fully contacted. In order to improve the spraying effect, a measure is generally taken to increase the contact area of the exhaust gas and the purification liquid. For example, a method of increasing the specific surface area of the purification liquid by reducing the equivalent diameter of the mist droplets by pressurizing the purification liquid; for another example, a method of providing a packing made of a porous material having a large specific surface area in a spray tower and spraying a purification liquid onto the packing to form a liquid film on the packing to increase a gas-liquid contact area, and the like.

Spraying is used as a relatively simple and efficient waste gas deacidification process, and is widely used in the field of household garbage incineration flue gas purification treatment. For small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration systems, because a furnace calcium spraying process is not generally adopted, the smoke gas often contains acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and the like which exceed the national emission limit value, the acidic gases need to be treated to reach the standard before being emptied, and in addition, the smoke gas emission amount of the small and medium-sized domestic waste incineration systems is not large, so the spraying is usually used as a ring for deacidification in the incineration smoke gas purification process combination. The basic idea is that the purifying liquid blended by sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide and other medicaments is sprayed in a spray tower, the atomized purifying liquid washes the waste gas, and the acidic components in the waste gas and the alkaline substances in the purifying liquid are neutralized and removed.

The components of the household garbage incineration smoke are very complex, and more than 1000 components can be detected by the existing means. In addition to the acid gas component in the general sense, it contains components such as dust (fly ash), hydrocarbons having a relatively long molecular chain, and the like. In the spraying process, dust in the flue gas enters the purifying liquid after hydration, and mud is formed at the bottom of the purifying liquid after the majority of the dust is precipitated; the hydrocarbon with longer molecular chain can generate phase change to form a viscous substance with higher viscosity and non-gaseous state, and the substance, together with part of hydrated dust, can be adhered to the filler of the spray tower to block the pores of the filler, so that the contact area of the purifying liquid and the flue gas can be greatly reduced, the flue gas and the purifying effect can be reduced, and the gas flow resistance of the spray tower can be increased. The filler is extremely difficult to clean after being stuck and blocked and can only be replaced, so the cost for replacing the filler is increased. Therefore, the spraying tower for purifying the household garbage incineration smoke does not need to be internally provided with fillers, and the problems are solved through two ways:

firstly, the spray pressure of the purifying liquid is increased, the diameter of the fog drops is reduced, and the specific surface area of the purifying liquid is increased so as to achieve the purpose of better flue gas purifying effect. However, in this way, the finer the atomization of the liquid droplets, the better the following performance of the liquid droplets to the air flow, which brings great difficulty to the downstream gas-liquid separation, and even causes the problem that the purified liquid mist droplets flow out of the spray tower along with the air flow, which causes difficulty to other downstream purification processes.

The second is to increase the diameter of the tower to reduce the flow speed of the air flow in the tower, or to increase the height of the tower body to prolong the flow of the air flow in the tower, which both serve to prolong the retention time of the air flow in the tower and make the air flow contact with the purifying liquid more fully. This method has negative effects of increasing the volume of the spray tower (increasing the floor area or the height), increasing the manufacturing cost due to the bulkier purification liquid supply and regeneration facilities, increasing the supply amount of the purification liquid required for processing the flue gas per unit volume, and increasing the use cost due to the increased power consumption of the water pump.

Therefore, in the field of medium and small-sized domestic waste incineration disposal, a deacidification spray tower specially used for a medium and small-sized domestic waste incineration system needs to be developed, and the deacidification spray tower is significant in adapting to the actual situation of domestic waste incineration flue gas and being beneficial to reducing the manufacturing and using cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a deacidification spray tower suitable for domestic garbage incineration flue gas, aiming at the problems in the deacidification link in the process of gasification incineration flue gas of middle and small sized domestic garbage at present, the spray deacidification tower can foam the purification liquid in the tower, the flue gas is contacted with the purification liquid and subjected to neutralization reaction deacidification by utilizing the characteristic of positive specific surface of foam, and then the foam is eliminated.

In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme of the invention is that a spraying deacidification tower structure for waste incineration flue gas is provided, which comprises a tower cylinder, wherein the top of the tower cylinder is provided with an upper end enclosure with an exhaust pipe, the bottom of the tower cylinder is provided with a lower end enclosure with an air inlet pipe, the side wall of the tower cylinder is provided with a spraying liquid taking port, and the outside of the tower cylinder is provided with a spraying pipeline system with a spraying pump; the inside riser that communicates in the intake pipe that is equipped with, riser upper end be equipped with inside intercommunication and have the gas distribution awl of gas distribution hole, the top of gas distribution awl is equipped with the baffling cap, the top of baffling cap is equipped with the foam and takes place the cover, the top that the cover was taken place to the foam is equipped with the cloth liquid system, cloth liquid system top is equipped with defoaming system, defoaming system's top is equipped with the defroster, low head below be equipped with the drain.

Preferably, a mud flushing cover is arranged at the lower part of the tower barrel, on the periphery of the ascending pipe and above the lower end enclosure, and a space in the tower below the mud flushing cover is a mud gathering cavity; and a liquid flow channel is arranged on the mud flushing cover.

Preferably, the foam generating cover is a conical shell.

Preferably, the foam generating cover is provided with an air flow channel, and the air flow channel is provided with a flow deflector.

Preferably, the spraying pipe system is respectively connected with the spraying liquid taking port, the liquid distribution system and the defoaming system, the part of the spraying pipe system at the downstream of the spraying pump is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the liquid distribution system and is provided with a foaming valve, and the other path is connected with the defoaming system and is provided with a defoaming valve.

Preferably, the spraying pipe system is provided with a three-way valve between the spraying liquid taking port and the spraying pump, and the spraying liquid taking port and the three-way valve are connected in parallel and respectively connected into two inlets of the three-way valve, wherein one inlet is directly connected into the three-way valve from the spraying liquid taking port, and the other inlet is provided with a heat radiation system.

Preferably, the side wall of the tower barrel is provided with a combustion heat liquid taking port and a liquid return port, the outside of the tower barrel is provided with a heat dissipation pipeline system connected with the combustion heat liquid taking port and the liquid return port, and the heat dissipation pipeline system is provided with a heat dissipation pump and a heat dissipation system in series.

By adopting the structure, dirty flue gas containing acid gas and other harmful pollutants enters the ascending pipe through the air inlet pipe, ascends to the air distribution cone along the ascending pipe, then flows out of the air distribution holes on the air distribution cone, then flows upwards in the tower barrel and passes through the foam generation cover. Meanwhile, a spray pump is started, purified liquid enters through a spray liquid taking port, enters a liquid distribution system along a spray pipeline system through a three-way valve, the spray pump and a foaming valve in sequence, flows on the foam generating cover under the action of the liquid distribution system, and forms a liquid film on the foam generating cover. When the air flow passes through the foam-generating hood from bottom to top, foam is formed above the foam-generating hood, i.e. downstream of the air flow. As the foam is generated on the foam generating cover more and more, the foam generated in the early stage moves upwards gradually under the driving of the air flow and the lifting of the new foam, the foam layer is thicker and thicker, and the foam layers are fused with each other, the volume of the foam on the upper layer is larger and larger, and the stability is poorer and poorer. After the foam layer thickness increases certain degree, open the defoaming valve, the purifying liquid gets into the defoaming system, by the spraying of defoaming system and spill on the foam, a part of foam receives the impact disturbance breakage of liquid drop to restrain the further increase of foam layer thickness, until forming the stable foam layer of developments.

Because the foam has a large specific surface area, dirty flue gas can be fully contacted with the purifying liquid, and the acidic gas in the flue gas is subjected to neutralization reaction after being contacted with the alkaline purifying liquid, so that the aim of removing the acidic gas in the flue gas is fulfilled.

The foam is broken to form liquid, and the purified liquid left along the foam generating cover can flow back to the lower liquid storage tank of the tower body when the foam is not formed. But a small amount of foam possibly separates from the foam layer under the drive of the air flow, flows to the downstream of the air flow together with part of superfine spray liquid drops of the defoaming system, is intercepted by the demister, and then returns to the liquid storage tank in a manner that the liquid drops fall down or the water film drops flow down along the inner wall of the tower; the purified flue gas flows out of the demister and is discharged out of the tower through the exhaust pipe, and flows to the downstream.

The waste incineration flue gas often contains certain particulate matters, and the particulate matters can be hydrated by the purification liquid and finally enter the purification liquid. Because the density is bigger, can sink gradually, assemble in the liquid storage tank to in advancing to gathering mud pond chamber through the liquid stream channel on the sluicing cover, the sluicing cover has fine effect of preventing the liquid from undulant in addition, is favorable to deposiing, finally forms mud in gathering mud chamber.

In the operation process of the spraying deacidification tower, the medicament in the purifying liquid is gradually consumed, the salt content and the concentration of other soluble harmful pollutants in the solution are gradually increased, the surface tension of the purifying liquid is increased, and the foaming difficulty is increased; meanwhile, on one hand, the purification liquid is evaporated and reduced, and on the other hand, the water vapor in the flue gas is condensed and enters to cause the increase of the purification liquid, so that the purification liquid amount is gradually increased or reduced under different operation conditions. Corresponding measures such as supplement of deacidification agents and foaming agents, supplement of purified liquid, discharge of some purified liquid and the like are required at proper time.

When the purifying liquid needs to be supplemented with a medicament or new purifying liquid is added, the liquid supplementing system can be opened, and the medicament or the new purifying liquid is supplemented into the tower;

when the purified liquid needs to be replaced or part of the purified liquid is discharged, the sewage draining outlet can be opened to discharge part or all of the purified liquid in the tower. When opening the drain, the scavenging solution can advance to gathering the mud chamber through fluid passage, and the velocity of flow improves when the scavenging solution passes through fluid passage, and the scavenging solution advances to gathering behind the mud chamber can paste the low head inner wall and flow under the restraint of towards mud cover. The above action disturbs and smoothly discharges the mud deposited in the mud collecting cavity.

When the waste incineration flue gas enters the spraying deacidification tower, if the temperature of the flue gas is higher than that of the purification liquid, the temperature of the purification liquid is increased, and when the temperature of the flue gas exceeds a set value, heat dissipation and cooling are needed. The heat dissipation and cooling modes of the purifying liquid are as follows: the radiator can be started by switching the three-way valve, and purified liquid flows into the spray pump after being radiated and cooled by the radiating system and then is sent into the liquid distribution system and the defoaming system by the spray pump; or starting the dispersion pump, pumping the purified liquid out of the tower body from the heat dissipation liquid taking port, cooling the purified liquid in the heat dissipation system, and returning the purified liquid to the liquid storage tank in the tower through the liquid return port.

The beneficial effect of above-mentioned structure lies in:

firstly, the smoke is contacted with the foam of the purification liquid by utilizing the characteristic that the foam has large specific surface area, so that the purification effect is better than that of the common method of contacting liquid drops with air flow, the gas-liquid separation is easier to realize, the overhigh pressure of the purification liquid is not needed, the smaller flow resistance loss of the air flow in a tower can be ensured, and the energy consumption of the system operation can be saved;

secondly, as the foam has porosity, the tower can be free from porous filler which is easy to block, the spraying deacidification treatment of the waste incineration flue gas can generate sticky substances, the applicability is better, and the reliability and the service life of the equipment are greatly improved;

thirdly, because dash the mud cover and can play the effect that the better fluctuation of preventing in the liquid storage tank bottom, can promote to bring into the particulate matter of scavenging solution and precipitate with higher speed to be favorable to improving the cleanliness that gets into the scavenging solution of circulation operation, and, the useless scavenging solution of discharge is, can be with the sedimentary mud of bottom clean, thoroughly discharge.

Fourthly, the structure provided by the invention integrates the storage of the purified liquid and the spraying deacidification, reduces the need of arranging a large purified liquid storage tank, a regeneration system and other matched auxiliary facilities in the traditional spray tower, and is beneficial to reducing the total construction cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at I;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a mud flushing cover;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the foam generating hood;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the part names in fig. 1 to 6 is:

1-exhaust pipe 2-upper end enclosure 3-demister

4-5-defoaming valves of a tower section of thick bamboo 6-defoaming system

7-liquid distribution system 8-foaming valve 9-spraying pipeline system

10-spray pump 11-three-way valve 12-temperature measuring device

13-spraying liquid taking port 14-heat dissipation system 15-dirty smoke

16-air inlet pipe 17-sewage draining outlet 18-lower end enclosure

19-mud collecting cavity 20-mud flushing cover 21-ascending pipe

22-liquid storage section 23-purifying liquid 24-foam generating cover

25-foaming section 26-defoaming section 27-demisting section

28-clean flue gas 29-liquid supplementing system 30-baffling cap

31-air distribution cone 32-air distribution hole 33-liquid flow channel

34-airflow channel 35-liquid guide sheet 36-heat dissipation liquid taking port

37-radiating pipeline system 38-radiating pump 39-liquid return port

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the core of the invention is to provide a structure of a waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower, which firstly foams a purification liquid, so that foam with an actively large specific surface is contacted with flue gas, acid gas components in the flue gas are eliminated, and then the foam is eliminated, thereby not only being beneficial to improving the flue gas purification effect and reducing the energy consumption cost, but also being beneficial to realizing gas-liquid separation, improving the reliability of system operation, and reducing the construction cost of equipment and auxiliary supporting facilities.

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a structure of a waste incineration flue gas spray deacidification tower provided by the present invention, and fig. 2 and fig. 3 are combined, wherein fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along a-a in fig. 1, further illustrating the structure of the present invention; FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion I of FIG. 1, showing the structure of the bubble column section (25) and the flow characteristics of the gas stream at that location.

The structure of the waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower comprises a tower barrel 4, wherein an upper end enclosure 2 is arranged at the top of the tower barrel 4, a lower end enclosure 18 is arranged at the bottom of the tower barrel 4, and a spraying pipeline system 9 is arranged outside the tower barrel; an exhaust pipe 1 is arranged above the upper end enclosure 1, and an air inlet pipe 16 is arranged below the lower end enclosure 18;

an ascending pipe 21 is arranged inside the tower tube 4, the lower end of the ascending pipe 21 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 16, an air distribution cone 31 with the inside communicated with the upper end of the ascending pipe 21 is arranged at the upper end of the ascending pipe, and as shown in fig. 3, an air distribution hole 32 is formed in the side wall of the air distribution cone 31; the top of the air distribution cone 31 is provided with a baffling cap 30, and a foam generating cover 24 is arranged above the baffling cap 30; a liquid distribution system 7 is arranged above the foam generating cover 24, a defoaming system 6 is arranged above the liquid distribution system 7, and a demister 3 is arranged above the defoaming system 6; and a mud flushing cover 20 is arranged at the lower part of the tower barrel 4, on the periphery of the ascending pipe 21 and above the lower end socket 18.

According to the above structure layout, from bottom to top, the inside of tower section of thick bamboo 4 divide into four functional areas such as stock solution section 22, foaming section 25, defoaming section 26, defogging section 27 in proper order. Wherein, the ascending pipe 21 is mainly positioned in the liquid storage section 22; the air distribution cone 31, the baffling cap 30, the foam generation cover 24 and the liquid distribution system 6 are positioned at the foam generation section 25; the defoaming system 6 is located in a defoaming section 26; the demister 3 is located in the demisting stage 27.

The annular area between the liquid storage section 22, the tower drum 4 and the ascending pipe 21 is equivalent to a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is filled with purifying liquid 23, and the high-level liquid level of the purifying liquid 23 does not exceed the lower edge of the air distribution hole 32; a spraying liquid taking port 13 is formed in a space between the inner wall of the tower barrel 4 and the outer wall of the ascending pipe 21, and the spraying liquid taking port 13 is immersed in the purified liquid 23; the spraying liquid taking port 13, the liquid distribution system 7 and the defoaming system 6 are all arranged on the side wall of the tower barrel 4, penetrate through the side wall of the tower barrel to the outside of the tower body and are all connected with corresponding parts of the spraying pipeline system 9;

the spray pipe system 9 is provided with a spray pump 10 and a three-way valve 11, and the three-way valve 11 is positioned at the upstream of the spray pump 10; the spray pipe system 9 is provided with two parallel paths at the positions of the spray liquid taking port 13 and the three-way valve 11, one path is directly connected to one inlet of the three-way valve 11 from the spray liquid taking port 13, and the other path is provided with a heat dissipation system 14 and is connected to the other inlet of the three-way valve 11 after coming out of the heat dissipation system 14. That is, by switching the three-way valve 11, the fluid from the spray liquid taking port 13 can directly enter the spray pump 10 through the three-way valve 11, or enter the spray pump 10 through the three-way valve 11 after passing through the heat dissipation system 14.

The spraying pipeline system 9 is also divided into two paths at the downstream part of the spraying pump 10, one path is connected with the liquid distribution system 7 through the foaming valve 8, and the other path is communicated with the defoaming system 6 through the defoaming valve 5. That is, the flow rates of the fluids supplied to the liquid distribution system 7 and the defoaming system 6 can be controlled by the corresponding foaming valve 8 and the corresponding defoaming valve 5.

The foam generating cover 24 is a conical shell, which facilitates the liquid to flow along the wall surface, and as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of semicircular air flow channels 34 are provided thereon, and a flow deflector 35 is provided above each air flow channel 34. When fluid flows down from the conical top of the foam generating cover 24, a liquid film is formed around the outlet of the air flow channel 34 under the action of the flow deflector 35, and when the air flow passes through the air flow channel 34 from bottom to top and rushes off the water film, the water film covers the air flow to form bubbles, namely, foam is generated.

Of course, the airflow channel 34 may also be a circular hole, a semicircular hole, a crescent hole, a long slit, or other shapes, and when the airflow channel 34 is a non-semicircular hole, the upper deflector 35 may be eliminated as necessary.

The mud flushing cover 20 divides the liquid storage tank into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a purified liquid circulation area, the spraying liquid taking port 13 is positioned in the area, and the lower part is a mud gathering cavity 19; the structure of the mud flushing cover 20 is shown in fig. 4, and is a frustum-shaped shell with a large upper part and a small lower part, or a frustum-shaped shell; the mud collecting cavity 19 has a roughly similar shape, and the effective height is smaller at the position with larger radius by taking the central axis of the tower 4 in the vertical direction as the reference;

the mud flushing cover 20 is provided with a liquid flow channel 33, namely, a purified liquid circulation area of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the mud collecting cavity 19, and the purified liquid 23 can enter the mud collecting cavity 19 from the purified liquid circulation area through the liquid flow channel 33; the liquid flow channel 33 can be a round hole, or a long-strip-shaped slit, or other shapes; when the purifying liquid 23 contains non-liquid phase substances with higher density, the non-liquid phase substances are converged and precipitated at the bottom of the liquid storage tank and enter the mud collecting cavity 19 through the liquid flow channel 33 to form mud; the mud flushing cover 20 has a certain wave preventing effect on the fluid in the mud collecting cavity 19, so that the mud forming speed in the mud collecting cavity 19 is accelerated, and the cleaning fluid 23 in a circulating working state has better cleanliness.

The tower tube 4 is further provided with a liquid supplementing system 29, the liquid supplementing system 29 is introduced into the tower tube 4, and in principle, the liquid supplementing system 29 has the function of opening and closing a channel. When the liquid supplementing system 29 is opened, the medicament and the purifying liquid 23 can be added into the tower through the liquid supplementing system; when the liquid replenishing system 29 is closed, the necessary airtightness in the column can be maintained.

In the liquid storage section 22, a temperature measuring device 12 may be further disposed on a side wall of the tower drum 4, and a sensing element of the temperature measuring device 12 is located on an inner side of the tower drum 4, so as to measure a temperature of the purified liquid 23; when the temperature of the purifying liquid 23 exceeds the set value, the three-way valve 11 can be switched to allow the purifying liquid 23 to flow through the heat dissipation system 14 for heat dissipation and temperature reduction, and then enter the spray pump 10 and the downstream components thereof.

A sewage discharge outlet 17 is arranged below the lower end enclosure 18, and the sewage discharge outlet 17 is communicated with a sludge accumulation cavity 19; when the liquid level in the tower is too high, or part or all of the purified liquid 23 needs to be replaced, or sludge needs to be discharged, the sewage discharge port 17 can be opened, and the purified liquid 23 containing the sludge can be discharged out of the tower from the position. During flowing back, the purifying liquid 23 can enter the mud collecting cavity 19 through the fluid channel 33, the flow rate of the purifying liquid 23 can be increased when passing through the fluid channel 33, the inner side wall surface of the lower seal head 14 can be washed, in addition, the special shape of the mud collecting cavity 19 enables the purifying liquid 23 to flow along the inner wall of the lower seal head 18 after entering the mud collecting cavity 19, and the above actions can disturb the mud deposited in the mud collecting cavity 19 and smoothly discharge the mud out of the tower from the sewage outlet 17.

When the spraying deacidification tower works, dirty flue gas 15 containing acid gas components and other harmful pollutants enters the ascending pipe 21 through the air inlet pipe 16, ascends to the air distribution cone 30 along the ascending pipe 21, then flows out of the air distribution holes 32 and enters the foaming section 22 of the tower barrel 4.

The working principle of the foaming section 22 is that the purified liquid 23 directly enters the spray pump 10 through the three-way valve 11 through the spray liquid taking port 13, or enters the spray pump 10 through the three-way valve 11 after flowing through the heat dissipation system 14 for heat dissipation and temperature reduction, enters the liquid distribution system 7 through the foaming valve 8 after being boosted by the spray pump 10, then flows on the foam generating cover 24 under the action of the liquid distribution system 7, and forms a liquid film around the airflow channel 34; when the dirty flue gas 15 passes through the airflow channel 34 of the foam generating cover 24 from bottom to top, the liquid film will wrap the airflow and form foam. Because the foam has a large specific surface area, the dirty flue gas 15 can be in contact with the purifying liquid 23 sufficiently, the acidic gas in the flue gas is in a neutralization reaction after being in contact with the alkaline purifying liquid, and partial particulate matters can be hydrated after being in contact with the purifying liquid 23 and enter the purifying liquid 23, so that the aim of purifying the flue gas is fulfilled.

As the foam accumulated on the foam generating cover 24 is generated more and more, the foam generated in the early stage moves upwards gradually under the driving of the air flow and the lifting of the new foam, the foam layer becomes thicker and thicker, and the foam layers are fused with each other, the volume of the foam in the upper layer becomes larger and larger, and the stability becomes worse and worse.

After the thickness of the foam layer increases to a certain extent, the defoaming valve 5 is opened, the purified liquid 23 enters the defoaming system 6 and is sprinkled on the foam, and a part of the foam is broken by the impact of the liquid drops, so that the further increase of the thickness of the foam layer is inhibited until a stable foam layer is formed.

The air flow penetrates through the foam layer, passes through the foam generation section 22, continues to move upwards, enters the defoaming section 26, and is subjected to leaching of the purified liquid spray formed by the defoaming system 6, so as to be further purified.

The air current gets into defogging section 27 after defoaming section 26, and in defroster 3, the foam that breaks away from the foam blanket and not got rid of under the drive of few because of the air current to and come from little, the better fog drop of followability of particle size of defoaming system 6 are intercepted together.

The purification liquid 23 is in a liquid state after the foam is broken, and flows back to the liquid storage tank together with the part which is left along the foam generating cover 24 and has not been formed, and the part intercepted by the demister 3, so that the circulation of the purification liquid 23 is formed.

The purified clean flue gas 28 flows out of the demisting section 27 and is discharged out of the tower through the exhaust pipe 1, and flows to the downstream.

Example two:

as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower provided by the present invention.

The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is:

1) structurally, the three-way valve 11 in the first embodiment is eliminated, and the spraying liquid taking port 13 is directly connected with the spraying pump 10; the part of the tower drum 4 corresponding to the liquid storage area 22 is further provided with a heat dissipation liquid taking port 36 and a liquid return port 39, and the heat dissipation liquid taking port 36 and the liquid return port 39 are both arranged on the side wall of the tower drum 4, penetrate through the side wall of the tower drum 4 to the outside and are connected through a heat dissipation pipeline system 37; the heat dissipation pipeline system 37 is provided with a heat dissipation pump 38 and a heat dissipation system 14 in series; that is, the spray pipe system 9 and the heat dissipation pipe system 37 are relatively independent;

2) in the working principle, one path of purification liquid 23 is directly sent to the liquid distribution system 7 and the defoaming system 6 through the spraying pipeline system 9 respectively, so that the purification work task of the spray tower is realized; the other path of purified liquid 23 passes through the heat dissipation pump 38 and the heat dissipation system 14 and then directly returns to the tower from the liquid return port 39, so that the heat dissipation and temperature reduction tasks of the purified liquid 23 are realized.

The structure and operation of the flue gas spraying deacidification tower for waste incineration provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and the principle and the embodiment of the present invention are illustrated by the specific embodiment, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the present invention may be modified and modified slightly without departing from the principle of the present invention, for example, the shape of the sluicing cover 20 may be modified slightly, the position of the flue gas entering the tower body may be adjusted, and the modification and modification also fall into the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

It should be noted that, firstly, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, some orientation words, such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "side", etc., used for clearly describing the technical features of the present invention are all from the normal orientation of the ground when the waste incineration flue gas spray deacidification tower according to the present invention is normally installed, for example, the orientation relatively far from the ground is "upper", the side of the center line close to the vertical direction of the tower body is "inner", the direction perpendicular to the upper and lower directions is "side", etc.; secondly, the domestic waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower provided by the invention is mainly suitable for flue gas treatment systems of small and medium-sized domestic waste incinerators, but does not mean that the spraying deacidification tower cannot be suitable for other types of waste gas treatment, and can be completely used as a link for treating some factory waste gases, aquaculture waste gases and other waste gases; secondly, the domestic waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower is mainly suitable for deacidification of small and medium-sized domestic waste incinerators and is also applied to dedusting treatment of some waste gases.

Claims

1. A structure of a waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower is characterized by comprising a tower barrel (4), wherein an upper sealing head (2) with an exhaust pipe (1) is arranged at the top of the tower barrel (4), a lower sealing head (18) with an air inlet pipe (16) is arranged at the bottom of the tower barrel, a spraying liquid taking port (13) is formed in the side wall of the tower barrel, and a spraying pipeline system (9) with a spraying pump (10) is arranged outside the tower barrel; inside is equipped with tedge (21) that communicates in intake pipe (16), tedge (21) upper end be equipped with it inside communicating with each other and have gas distribution awl (31) of gas distribution hole (32), the top of gas distribution awl (31) is equipped with baffling cap (30), the top of baffling cap (30) is equipped with the foam and takes place cover (24), the top that cover (24) were taken place to the foam is equipped with liquid distribution system (7), liquid distribution system (7) top is equipped with defoaming system (6), the top of defoaming system (6) is equipped with defroster (3), low head (18) below be equipped with the drain.

2. The structure of the waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower according to the claim 1, wherein a sludge washing cover (20) is arranged at the lower part of the tower barrel (4), the periphery of the ascending pipe (21) and above the lower end socket (18), and a sludge gathering cavity (19) is arranged in the space in the tower below the sludge washing cover (20); and a liquid flow channel (33) is arranged on the mud flushing cover (20).

3. The structure of the waste incineration flue gas spray deacidification tower according to the claim 1, wherein the foam generating cover (24) is a conical shell.

4. The structure of the waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower according to the claim 1, wherein the foam generating cover (24) is provided with an air flow channel (34), and the air flow channel (34) is provided with a flow deflector (35).

5. The structure of the waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower according to the claim 1, wherein the spraying pipe system (9) is respectively connected with the spraying liquid taking port (13), the liquid distribution system (7) and the defoaming system (6), the part of the system at the downstream of the spraying pump (10) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the liquid distribution system (7), the foaming valve (8) is arranged on the one path, the other path is connected with the defoaming system (6), and the defoaming valve (5) is arranged on the other path.

6. The structure of the waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the spraying pipe system (9) is provided with a three-way valve (11) between the spraying liquid taking port (13) and the spraying pump (10), and the positions of the spraying liquid taking port (13) and the three-way valve (11) are two parallel paths which are respectively connected to two inlets of the three-way valve (11), wherein one path is directly connected to the three-way valve (11) from the spraying liquid taking port (13), and the other path is provided with a heat radiation system (14).

7. The waste incineration flue gas spraying deacidification tower structure as claimed in claims 1 to 5, wherein a combustion heat liquid taking port (36) and a liquid returning port (39) are formed in the side wall of the tower barrel (4), a heat dissipation pipeline system (37) connected with the combustion heat liquid taking port (36) and the liquid returning port (39) is arranged outside the tower barrel, and a heat dissipation pump (38) and a heat dissipation system (14) are arranged on the heat dissipation pipeline system (37) in series.