CN111144680A - Power supply reliability calculation method applied to power distribution automation - Google Patents
Power supply reliability calculation method applied to power distribution automation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a power supply reliability calculation method applied to power distribution automation, which comprises the following steps: s1: establishing a calculation model, wherein a power distribution network can be divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely a feeder layer, a distribution and transformation layer and a low-voltage layer, wherein the feeder layer refers to a 10kV line trunk network, and the distribution and transformation layer refers to a network below a 10kV trunk line; the low-voltage layer refers to a 0.4kV network; s2: setting basic conditions of the power distribution network to facilitate evaluation; s3: calculating the mean time of power failure T of the low-voltage layer faultdg(ii) a S4: calculating the mean power failure time T of the distribution and transformation layer faultpbg(ii) a S5: calculating the mean time of power failure T of the feeder layer faultzg(ii) a S6: calculating average power failure time T of user faultgWherein T isg＝Tdg+Tpbg+Tzg(ii) a S7: calculating average annual power failure time T of userallAnd power supply reliability RS of power distribution network‑1. The low-voltage layer, the distribution and transformation layer and the feeder layer are built from bottom to top, so that the power supply reliability calculation is hierarchical and systematized, and the method has the advantages of high systematicness, strong applicability, good accuracy and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a power supply reliability calculation method applied to power distribution automation, which is applied to power supply reliability theoretical calculation of a power distribution network of a power supply enterprise and guides construction of a network frame of the power distribution network and the power distribution automation so as to improve power supply reliability of the power distribution network enterprise.
Background
With the development of economic society and the improvement of living standard, the reliability of power supply is concerned, and the reliability of power supply becomes a core index of power grid planning, design, construction and evaluation. As an important link of intelligent power distribution, power distribution automation is an important measure for improving the power supply reliability of a power grid. At present, under the background that the scale of a power distribution network is continuously enlarged, the power supply reliability is still low and the like, the construction and the application of the power distribution automation have important significance.
Through the exploration and practice of the last decade, the construction and the application of the power distribution automation in China have achieved certain results, but some problems also exist. At present, how under the prerequisite of being applied to distribution automation influence, calculate distribution network power supply reliability comparatively systematically, accurately, quantitatively to for building distribution network rack and distribution automation provide the support, be the problem that power supply enterprise's urgent need researched and solved.
The first method is used for calculating the current power supply reliability, namely dividing the number of the users in the past power failure of a given area in one year (or a certain time period) by the total number of the users to obtain the average power failure time of the users; and secondly, for calculating the power supply reliability in the next year, firstly establishing an ideal calculation model, and then deducing the mean power failure time of each element by applying a fault traversal method. The first method cannot predict the future power supply reliability, and is generally only used for data statistical analysis and reporting. The second method has a prediction function, but generally only performs power supply reliability calculation for a certain device (such as a certain medium-voltage feeder) or a certain group of cables (such as a single ring network), and lacks systematicness and integrity.
The traditional power supply reliability calculation method has the following defects:
1. and a power grid level model of the system is not established, and power supply reliability is calculated and compared on one side. From the level dimension, the traditional method generally only performs power supply reliability calculation on a certain device (such as a certain medium-voltage feeder line and a certain distribution transformer) or a certain group of wiring (such as a single ring network), the distribution transformer level is related to the lowest (namely, each distribution transformer is regarded as a user), low-voltage users (foreign power supply reliability statistics to low-voltage users) are not considered, a power grid level model of the system is not established from bottom to top, a power supply reliability calculation formula is not deduced in a hierarchical level, and a comprehensive and comprehensive power supply reliability calculation formula of a power distribution network cannot be obtained, so that the power supply reliability calculation is relatively comprehensive.
2. A power supply reliability calculation formula of regional synthesis is not given, and the power supply reliability calculation is narrow. From the spatial dimension, the traditional method generally only performs power supply reliability calculation on a certain device (such as a certain medium-voltage feeder line and a certain distribution transformer) or a certain group of wiring (such as a single ring network), and does not map the power supply reliability calculation of a single element (or a group of wiring) to the whole area, so that the power supply reliability calculation of area synthesis cannot be performed, thereby causing the power supply reliability calculation to be narrow.
3. The influence of distribution automation is not deeply considered, and the power supply reliability is calculated roughly. From the consideration factors, the traditional method generally only roughly considers the influence (sometimes even neglected) of power distribution automation on the troubleshooting time, does not distinguish the influence difference of different feeder automation modes on the troubleshooting power failure range, does not distinguish the influence difference of different power distribution terminal configuration schemes on the troubleshooting time and the power failure range, and cannot provide power supply reliability calculation formulas under different feeder automation modes and different power distribution terminal configuration schemes, so that the power supply reliability calculation is rough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power supply reliability calculation method applied to distribution automation, which not only can accurately calculate the power supply reliability of a power distribution network of 10 kilovolts or below in a given area, but also can reflect the influence of different distribution automation construction modes on the power supply reliability, thereby guiding the construction of area power distribution network racks and distribution automation.
Some technical terms in the technical scheme of the invention are explained as follows:
power supply reliability: the evaluation indexes of the power supply system are mainly power supply reliability, the annual average power failure time of the user and the like.
Distribution automation: the method is based on a primary network frame and equipment, comprehensively utilizes the technologies such as computer technology, information, communication and the like, realizes the monitoring and control of the power distribution network, and realizes the scientific management of the power distribution system through the information integration with related application systems.
Feeder automation: the automatic device or system is used for monitoring the running condition of the power distribution network, finding out faults of the power distribution network in time, carrying out fault location, automatically or semi-automatically isolating fault areas and recovering power supply to non-fault areas.
Centralized feeder automation: by means of communication means, through the cooperation of the power distribution terminal and the power distribution main station, the power distribution main station is used for judging a fault area when a fault occurs, the fault area is isolated through automatic remote control or a manual mode, and power supply of a non-fault area is recovered. Centralized feeder automation includes both semi-automatic and fully automatic modes.
Intelligent distributed feeder automation: when the power distribution network breaks down, the control of a power distribution master station is not needed, the functions of fault location and isolation of the feeder line and automatic power supply recovery of a non-fault area are realized through mutual communication between power distribution terminals, and the processing process and the result are reported to the power distribution master station. Distributed feeder automation can be divided into fast-acting distributed feeder automation and slow-acting distributed feeder automation.
Recloser feeder automation: the method has the advantages that the control of a power distribution master station is not needed, the communication is also not needed, when the power distribution network breaks down, the fault area is isolated through the matching of a switch action time sequence, the power supply of the non-fault area is recovered, and the processing process and the result are reported when the communication is available. The voltage-time type is the most common in-situ recloser feeder automation mode.
Fault indicator feeder automation: the control of a power distribution main station is not needed, communication is also not needed, and when the power distribution network breaks down, fault information is uploaded through the fault indicator.
Distribution automation terminal: the distribution automation terminal (power distribution terminal for short) is a general name of various remote monitoring and control units installed on a power distribution network and completes functions of data acquisition, control, communication and the like. The terminal can be divided into a three-remote terminal and a two-remote terminal according to functions, and the two-remote terminal can be divided into a basic type two-remote terminal, a standard type two-remote terminal and an action type two-remote terminal. Three remote terminals: the power distribution terminal has the functions of remote measurement, remote signaling and remote control.
Basic type two remote terminal: the power distribution terminal is used for collecting or receiving line fault information sent by the fault indicator and has a function of uploading fault alarm information.
Standard type two remote terminal: the power distribution terminal is used for monitoring distribution line telemetering, remote signaling and fault information, realizes local alarm and has an alarm information uploading function.
Action type two remote terminal: the power distribution terminal is used for the remote measurement, remote signaling and fault information monitoring of a power distribution line, and can realize the automatic isolation of local faults and the active uploading of action information.
A fault indicator: it is a device installed on power line (overhead line, cable and bus bar) to indicate fault current.
Double access: the public distribution transformer is connected into a double loop through an automatic switching switch, and the double loop refers to a two-loop power supply line for supplying power to the same user load.
Distribution and transformation double access rate: the ratio of the number of distribution transformers adopting the dual access mode to the total number of the distribution transformers is indicated.
The invention particularly relates to a power supply reliability calculation method applied to power distribution automation, which comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a calculation model, wherein a power distribution network can be divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely a feeder layer, a distribution and transformation layer and a low-voltage layer, wherein the feeder layer refers to a 10kV line trunk network, and the distribution and transformation layer refers to a network below a 10kV trunk line; the low-voltage layer refers to a 0.4kV network;
s2: setting basic conditions of the power distribution network to facilitate evaluation;
s3: calculating the mean time of power failure T of the low-voltage layer faultdg；
S4: calculating the mean power failure time T of the distribution and transformation layer faultpbg；
S5: calculating the mean time of power failure T of the feeder layer faultzg；
S6: calculating average power failure time T of user faultgWherein T isg＝Tdg+Tpbg+Tzg；
S7: calculating average annual power failure time T of userallAnd power supply reliability RS of power distribution network-1Wherein
Tall＝Tg/(1-μ)
RS-1＝1-Tall/8760
In the above formula, mu is a power failure proportion prearranged for the area, and for the A + type area, mu is less than or equal to 40 percent; for the class A region, μ ≦ 50%, and for the class B, C region, μ ≦ 55%.
Further, for the evaluation, the following basic conditions were set:
1) assuming that all users are low-voltage users, and the low-voltage users and the switches or the ring network units are uniformly distributed on a line;
2) when the medium-voltage branch line has a fault, the fault does not affect the medium-voltage main line;
3) each distribution transformer is provided with a user demarcation switch, and other distribution transformers are not affected when the distribution transformer fails;
4) when the distribution transformer realizes double access, the automatic switching switch rapidly acts at the moment of failure, and the distribution transformer is switched to the second power supply circuit, and the action time is 0 second;
5) when the feeder line trunk adopts a fault monitoring mode, determining the number of sections of the line model according to the number k of the installed fault indicators, wherein the number of the sections is k + 1; when the feeder trunk adopts recloser type feeder automation, determining the number of sections of the line model according to the switch number k of the recloser type feeder automation terminal configured by the trunk, wherein the number of the sections is k + 1; when the feeder trunk adopts intelligent distributed feeder automation, the number of sections of the line model is determined according to the number k of switches or ring network units with distributed FA function terminals configured on the trunk, and the number of sections is k + 1; when the feeder trunk adopts centralized feeder automation, determining the number of segments of the line model according to the number k of switches or ring network units of the centralized feeder automation terminal configured on the trunk, wherein the number of segments is k + 1; the distribution terminal can be configured in a full-two remote mode, a full-three remote mode or a combination of the two, and the configuration of the trunk line ring in-out switch terminal of the ring network unit is set to be the same.
The power supply reliability calculation method applied to power distribution automation provided by the invention establishes a low-voltage layer, a distribution and transformation layer and a feeder layer from bottom to top, so that the power supply reliability calculation is hierarchical and systematic and deepens to low-voltage users; by mapping a single element (or set of wires) supply reliability calculation to the whole area, so that the supply reliability calculation is no longer limited to a single element (or set of wires), the whole area power grid can be faced with; by deeply inspecting the mechanism of different feeder automation modes and the influence on fault processing time, particularly strictly distinguishing the differences of centralized three-remote terminal configuration and two-remote terminal configuration, the power supply reliability calculation comprehensively and accurately reflects the differences of different power distribution automation modes. Compared with the traditional method, the method has the advantages of high systematicness, strong applicability, good accuracy and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a power supply reliability calculation method applied to power distribution automation according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-level model of a power distribution network.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a power supply reliability calculation method applied to distribution automation according to the present invention. The invention discloses a power supply reliability calculation method applied to power distribution automation, which comprises the following steps of:
s1: building a computational model
According to the reliability evaluation requirement, the power distribution network can be divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely a feeder layer, a distribution and transformation layer and a low-voltage layer, which are specifically shown in fig. 2. The feeder layer refers to a 10(20) kV line trunk network, and main equipment comprises a medium-voltage trunk line, a pole-mounted switch on the trunk line or a ring network unit. The distribution and transformation layer is a network below a 10kV main trunk line, and main equipment comprises a distribution transformer, a switch connected into the distribution and transformation and a branch line. The low-voltage layer refers to a 0.4kV power grid, and the main equipment is a low-voltage line.
S2: setting basic conditions
When the mean time to failure is deduced, the basic conditions are set as follows:
1) the number of low-voltage users is huge, and generally accounts for more than 97% of the total number of users, so the reliability assessment model assumes that all users are low-voltage users, and the users and the switches (or the ring network units) are uniformly distributed on the line, that is, the length of each segment of the line (or the length of the line between every 2 ring network units) is the same, and the number of hooked users in each segment (or each ring network unit) is the same.
2) When the medium-voltage branch line fails, the failure does not affect the medium-voltage main line.
34) Each distribution transformer is provided with a user demarcation switch, and other distribution transformers are not affected when the distribution transformer is in fault.
4) When the distribution transformer realizes double access, the automatic switching switch rapidly acts at the moment of fault, and the distribution transformer is switched to the second power supply circuit, and the acting time is 0 second.
5) When the feeder line trunk adopts a fault monitoring mode, installing fault indicators according to a third 2016 (Chinese network) 130 message of national network operation and inspection, and determining the number of sections of a line model according to the number k of the installed fault indicators, wherein the number of the sections is k + 1; when the feeder trunk adopts recloser type feeder automation, the number of sections of the line model is determined according to the switch number k of the recloser type feeder automation terminal configured on the main trunk, and the number of the sections is k + 1. The switches of all the installation terminals have a reclosing function; when the feeder trunk adopts intelligent distributed feeder automation, the number of sections of the line model is determined according to the number k of switches or ring network units with distributed FA function terminals configured on the trunk, and the number of sections is k + 1; when the feeder trunk adopts centralized feeder automation, determining the number of segments of the line model according to the number k of switches or ring network units of the centralized feeder automation terminal configured on the trunk, wherein the number of segments is k + 1; the power distribution terminal can be configured in a full two-remote mode, can also be configured in a full three-remote mode, can also be configured in a two-remote mode and a three-remote mode in a mixed mode, and is specifically configured according to the power supply reliability requirement of the area where the power distribution terminal is located. For a certain ring network unit of the cable system, the ring-in ring-out switch terminals (main lines) are set to be the same in configuration.
S3: calculating the mean time of power failure of low-voltage layer
The low-voltage layer fault is mainly a low-voltage line fault. Currently, low voltage lines are typically operated radiatively. When the low-voltage line fails, the whole low-voltage line is powered off. The low-voltage line fault average power failure time calculation formula is as follows:
Tdg＝KdC*Ld*Fdc*Tr+(1-KdC)*Ld*Fdj*Tr
in the above formula, TdgMean time of power failure of low-voltage line faults; kdCThe cabling rate of the low-voltage line is obtained; l isdAverage length of low voltage line; fdcThe fault rate of the low-voltage cable line is; fdjThe fault rate of the low-voltage overhead line is; t isrIs the time for fault recovery.
S4: calculating the mean time of power failure of distribution transformer layer
Distribution layer fault types include distribution, switching (distribution service incoming switch) and branch line faults.
S4.1: calculating the mean time of power failure of distribution transformer
When the user distribution transformer has a fault, the distribution transformer is automatically disconnected with the power grid, and the power supply of the user is recovered after the fault is repaired. The distribution transformer fault average power failure time calculation formula is as follows:
Tpg＝Fp*Tr
in the above formula, TpgMean time to failure for distribution transformer (distribution transformer) faults; fpThe failure rate of the distribution transformer is obtained; t isrIs the time for fault recovery.
S4.2: calculating average power failure time of switch fault
When a branch line switch or a distribution transformer incoming line switch has a fault, if the distribution transformer adopts double access, the branch line switch or the distribution transformer incoming line switch is instantaneously switched to a standby power supply, and the power failure time is 0 second; otherwise, the distribution transformer is powered off, and power supply is recovered after the fault is repaired. The average power failure time calculation formula of the switch fault is as follows:
Tkg＝Fk*Tr*(1-Kps)
in the above formula, TkgThe average power failure time of the switch fault is; fkIs the switch failure rate; t isrTime for fault repair; kpsThe dual access rate is changed for the distribution.
S4.3: calculating average power failure time of branch line fault
When a branch line fails, if the distribution transformer adopts double access, the branch line is instantaneously switched to a standby power supply, and the power failure time is 0 second; otherwise, the distribution transformer is powered off, and power supply is recovered after the fault is repaired. The average power failure time calculation formula of the branch line fault is as follows:
Tfg＝KC*Lf*Fzc*Tr*(1-Kps)+(1-KC)*Lf*Fzj*Tr*(1-Kps)
in the above formula, TfgThe average power failure time of the branch line fault is; kCThe cabling rate for medium voltage lines; l isfIs the branch line average length; fzcThe failure rate of the medium-voltage cable line; fzjThe failure rate of the medium-voltage overhead line is determined; t isrTime for fault repair; kpsThe dual access rate is changed for the distribution.
S4.4: calculating the mean time of power failure of distribution transformer layer
In conclusion, the average power failure time of the distribution transformer layer fault is as follows:
Tpbg＝Tpg+Tkg+Tfg
in the above formula, TpbgMean power off time of distribution transformer layer faults; t ispgMean time to failure for distribution transformer (distribution transformer) faults; t iskgThe average power failure time of the switch fault is; t isfgThe average power failure time of the branch line fault.
S5: calculating the mean time of power failure of feeder layer fault
The feeder layer fault types comprise an overhead system fault and a cable system fault.
S5.1: calculating average power off time for overhead system fault
The overhead system consists of elements such as overhead lines, switches and distribution transformers. The mean time of power failure of faults of the distribution transformer and the branch line is already calculated in the reliability calculation of the distribution transformer layer, so that the feeder layer only calculates the mean time of power failure of faults of the overhead main line and the switch.
S5.1.1: calculating the average power failure time T of the overhead main line when the line meets the N-1 conditionjg-1And average power off time T of switch faultkg-1Are respectively as
In the case of non-distribution automation,
in the case of the fault-monitoring mode,
under the mode of a coincidence device, the light beam is reflected by the light beam,
under the condition of intelligent distribution, the system can automatically control the operation,
under the centralized condition, the system can be used,
wherein α and β satisfy the following relationship,
in the above formula, k2Number of two remote terminals, k3The number of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k2+k3Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Is not less than 1, and k3When 0, define
In fact, according to the above assumptions, with respect to the number n of overhead line trunk sections, there are: n ═ k2+k3+1。
Wherein α and β satisfy the following relationship,
in the above formula k2Number of two remote terminals, k3The number of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k2+k3Not less than 1; when k is2+k3≥2，And k is3When 0, define
When k is2+k2Not less than 2, and k3When 1, define
When k is2+k3When the number is less than 2, α is equal to 0, and β is equal to 1.
S5.1.2: calculating the average power failure time T of the overhead main line fault under the condition that the line does not meet the N-1 conditionjg-2And average power off time T of switch faultkg-2Are respectively as
In the case of non-distribution automation,
in the case of the fault-monitoring mode,
under the mode of a coincidence device, the light beam is reflected by the light beam,
under the condition of intelligent distribution, the system can automatically control the operation,
under the centralized condition, the system can be used,
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2Number of two remote terminals, k3The number of the three remote terminals;
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2The number of the remote terminals is two; k is a radical of3The number of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k2+k3Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Is not less than 1, and k2When 0, define
In the above calculation formula, FzjThe failure rate of the medium-voltage overhead line is determined; fkIs the switch failure rate; l isZThe average length of the feeder trunk is taken; t is1Isolating time from manual to field fault when no fault is guided; t is2Isolating time for manual to field fault under fault guidance; t ischFault isolation time for recloser; t isznTime for intelligent distributed fault isolation; t isykThe fault isolation time is centralized remote control; t isrTime for fault repair; n is the number of line trunk sections; kpsThe power distribution transformer double access rate is α the probability expected value of fault isolation needing manual work to the site, β the power failure range coefficient expected value when the fault is needed to be isolated manually;
s5.1.3: calculating average power failure time T of overhead main line faultjgAnd average power off time T of switch faultkgIs of the formula
Tjg＝KN-1*Tjg-1+(1-KN-1)*Tjg-2
Tkg＝KN-1*Tkg-1+(1-KN-1)*Tkg-2
In the above formula, KN-1Is the passing rate of the area medium-voltage feeder N-1.
S5.2: calculating mean time to failure of cable system
The cable system is composed of a cable line, a ring network unit and a distribution transformer, wherein the ring network unit is internally composed of a plurality of incoming and outgoing line switches. The mean time of power failure of the distribution transformer and the branch line is calculated in the reliability evaluation of the distribution transformer layer, so the feeder layer mainly comprises the step of calculating the mean time of power failure T of the main line of the cablecgMean time of power failure T of looped network unithg。
S5.2.1: calculating the mean time T of power failure of the cable trunk line when the line meets the N-1 conditioncg-1Mean time of power failure T of AND ring network unithg-1Are respectively as
In the case of non-distribution automation,
Tcg-1＝Fzc*LZ*T1*(1-Kps)
Thg-1＝Fh*(n*T1+Tr)*(1-Kps)
in the case of the fault-monitoring mode,
Tcg-1＝Fzc*LZ*T2*(1-Kps)
Thg-1＝Fh*(n*T2+Tr)*(1-Kps)
under the condition of intelligent distribution, the system can automatically control the operation,
under the centralized condition, the system can be used,
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2Configuring the number of ring network units of the two remote terminals; k is a radical of3For configuring the number of ring network units of three remote terminals, and n is k2+k3；k2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k2+k3Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Is not less than 1, and k3When 0, define
Thg-1＝Fh*(n*Tyk+α*β*T2+Tr)*(1-Kps)
Wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2For configuring the number of ring network units, k, of two remote terminals3Configuring the number of ring network units of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k3≥1，k2Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Not less than 2, and k3When 0, define
When k is2+k3< 2 or k2When 0, α, β, 1;
s5.2.2: calculating the mean time T of power failure of the cable trunk line fault under the condition that the line does not satisfy N-1cg-2Mean time of power failure T of AND ring network unithg-2Are respectively as
In the case of non-distribution automation,
in the case of the fault-monitoring mode,
under the condition of intelligent distribution, the system can automatically control the operation,
under the centralized condition, the system can be used,
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula, k2Configuring the number of ring network units of the two remote terminals; k is a radical of3Configuring the number of ring network units of the three remote terminals;
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2For configuring the number of ring network units, k, of two remote terminals3Configuring the number of ring network units of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k3≥1，k2Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Not less than 2, and k3When 0, define
When k is2+k3< 2 or k2When 0, α, β, 1;
in the above calculation formula, FzcThe failure rate of the medium-voltage cable line; fhThe failure rate of the ring network unit is obtained; l isZThe average length of the feeder trunk is taken; t is1Isolating time from manual to field fault when no fault is guided; t is2Isolating time for manual to field fault under fault guidance; t ischFault isolation time for recloser; t isznTime for intelligent distributed fault isolation; t isykThe fault isolation time is centralized remote control; t isrTime for fault repair; n is the number of the ring network units; kpsThe power distribution transformer double access rate is α the probability expected value of fault isolation needing manual work to the site, β the power failure range coefficient expected value when the fault is needed to be isolated manually;
s5.2.3: calculating the mean time of power failure T of the cable main line systemcgMean time of power failure T of AND ring network unithgThe formula is as follows:
Tcg＝KN-1*Tcg-1+(1-KN-1)*Tcg-2
Thg＝KN-1*Thg-1+(1-KN-1)*Thg-2
in the above formula, KN-1Is the passing rate of the area medium-voltage feeder N-1.
S5.3: calculating the mean time of power failure of the feeder layer fault according to the formula
Tzg＝KC*(Tcg+Thg)+(1-KC)*(Tjg+Tkg)
In the above formula, TzgMean power off time of feeder layer faults; kCThe cabling rate of the feeder layer is adopted; t iscgMean time of power failure for cable main line fault; t ishgThe mean time of power failure of the looped network unit; t isjgMean time of power failure for overhead main line fault; t iskgThe average power failure time of the switch faults.
S6: calculating average power failure time of user fault
Accumulating the average power failure time of each layer of fault to obtain the average power failure time of the user fault, namely:
Tg＝Tdg+Tpbg+Tzg
in the above formula, TgMean time to failure for the user; t isdgThe average power failure time of the low-voltage layer fault is; t ispbgMean power off time of distribution transformer layer faults; t iszgThe average power failure time of the feeder layer faults.
S7: calculating average annual power failure time of users and power supply reliability of power distribution network
In addition to a fault outage, a prearranged outage is another factor affecting reliability. The calculation of the prearranged power failure time of the power distribution network requires indexes such as prearranged outage rates of various devices, but the existing statistical data are current situation data. With the application and management level improvement of new technologies such as equipment state maintenance and live working, the pre-arranged outage rate index is reduced, but the specific reduction value cannot be predicted. Therefore, the pre-scheduled blackout time duty ratio index is summarized by analyzing the reliability of the world first-class power grid. Through investigation, in countries with higher power supply reliability such as Germany, the Netherlands, Austria and the like, the proportion of prearranged power failure is less than 40 percent,
according to the relation between the power supply reliability level of a foreign power grid and the proportion of prearranged power failure, the mu is less than or equal to 40% for the A + type area; for class A regions, μ ≦ 50%, and for class B, C regions, μ ≦ 55%, where μ is the region prearranged outage duty cycle. From this, according to the average power off time of trouble, can calculate and obtain the average power off time of all kinds of regional users of supplying power, and then calculate and obtain the power supply reliability, have promptly:
Tall＝Tg/(1-μ)
RS-1＝1-Tall/8760
in the above formula, TallAverage power off time for the user (year); t isgMean time to failure for the user; mu is area prearranged power failure ratio; RS-1And (4) power supply reliability of the power distribution network.
Claims (7)
1. A power supply reliability calculation method applied to power distribution automation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: establishing a calculation model, wherein a power distribution network can be divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely a feeder layer, a distribution and transformation layer and a low-voltage layer, wherein the feeder layer refers to a 10kV line trunk network, and the distribution and transformation layer refers to a network below a 10kV trunk line; the low-voltage layer refers to a 0.4kV network;
s2: setting basic conditions of the power distribution network to facilitate evaluation;
s3: calculating the mean time of power failure T of the low-voltage layer faultdg；
S4: calculating the mean power failure time T of the distribution and transformation layer faultpbg；
S5: calculating the mean time of power failure T of the feeder layer faultzg；
S6: calculating average power failure time T of user faultgWherein T isg＝Tdg+Tpbg+Tzg；
S7: calculating average annual power failure time T of userallAnd power supply reliability RS of power distribution network-1Wherein
Tall＝Tg/(1-μ)
RS-1＝1-Tall/8760
In the above formula, mu is a power failure proportion prearranged for the area, and for the A + type area, mu is less than or equal to 40 percent; for the class A region, μ ≦ 50%, and for the class B, C region, μ ≦ 55%.
2. The method for calculating power supply reliability applied to distribution automation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically includes the following conditions:
1) assuming that all users are low-voltage users, and the low-voltage users and the switches or the ring network units are uniformly distributed on a line;
2) when the medium-voltage branch line has a fault, the fault does not affect the medium-voltage main line;
3) each distribution transformer is provided with a user demarcation switch, and other distribution transformers are not affected when the distribution transformer fails;
4) when the distribution transformer realizes double access, the automatic switching switch rapidly acts at the moment of failure, and the distribution transformer is switched to the second power supply circuit, and the action time is 0 second;
5) when the feeder line trunk adopts a fault monitoring mode, determining the number of sections of the line model according to the number k of the installed fault indicators, wherein the number of the sections is k + 1; when the feeder trunk adopts recloser type feeder automation, determining the number of sections of the line model according to the switch number k of the recloser type feeder automation terminal configured by the trunk, wherein the number of the sections is k + 1; when the feeder trunk adopts intelligent distributed feeder automation, the number of sections of the line model is determined according to the number k of switches or ring network units with distributed FA function terminals configured on the trunk, and the number of sections is k + 1; when the feeder trunk adopts centralized feeder automation, determining the number of segments of the line model according to the number k of switches or ring network units of the centralized feeder automation terminal configured on the trunk, wherein the number of segments is k + 1; the distribution terminal can be configured in a full-two remote mode, a full-three remote mode or a combination of the two, and the configuration of the trunk line ring in-out switch terminal of the ring network unit is set to be the same.
3. The method for calculating power supply reliability applied to distribution automation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average blackout time T of low voltage layer fault in the step S3dgThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Tdg＝KdC*Ld*Fdc*Tr+(1-KdC)*Ld*Fdj*Tr
in the above formula, TdgMean time of power failure of low-voltage line faults; kdCThe cabling rate of the low-voltage line is obtained; l isdAverage length of low voltage line; fdcThe fault rate of the low-voltage cable line is; fdjThe fault rate of the low-voltage overhead line is; t isrIs the time for fault recovery.
4. The method for calculating power supply reliability applied to distribution automation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 is divided into the following steps:
s4.1: calculating the average power failure time of the distribution transformer fault according to the formula
Tpg＝Fp*Tr
In the above formula, TpgMean time to failure for distribution transformer (distribution transformer) faults; fpThe failure rate of the distribution transformer is obtained; t isrTime for fault repair;
s4.2: the average power failure time of the switch fault is calculated by the formula
Tkg＝Fk*Tr*(1-Kps)
In the above formula, TkgThe average power failure time of the switch fault is; fkIs the switch failure rate; t isrTime for fault repair; kpsThe access rate is the dual access rate of the distribution transformer;
s4.3: calculating the average power failure time of the branch line fault with the formula
Tfg＝KC*Lf*Fzc*Tr*(1-Kps)+(1-KC)*Lf*Fzj*Tr*(1-Kps)
In the above formula, TfgThe average power failure time of the branch line fault is; kCThe cabling rate for medium voltage lines; l isfIs the branch line average length; fzcThe failure rate of the medium-voltage cable line; fzjThe failure rate of the medium-voltage overhead line is determined; t isrTime for fault repair; kpsThe access rate is the dual access rate of the distribution transformer;
s4.4: calculating the average power failure time of the distribution transformer layer fault according to the formula
Tpbg＝Tpg+Tkg+Tfg。
5. The method for calculating power supply reliability applied to distribution automation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S5 is divided into the following steps:
s5.1: calculating the mean time of power failure of the overhead system mainly comprises calculating the mean time of power failure T of the overhead main linejgMean time to failure (T) of switchkg；
S5.2: calculating the mean time of power failure of a cable system mainly comprisesCalculating mean time to failure T of cable trunk linecgMean time of power failure T of looped network unithg；
S5.3: calculating the mean time of power failure of the feeder layer fault according to the formula
Tzg＝KC*(Tcg+Thg)+(1-KC)*(Tjg+Tkg)
In the above formula, TzgMean power off time of feeder layer faults; kCThe cabling rate of the feeder layer.
6. The method for calculating power supply reliability applied to distribution automation as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S5.1 comprises the following steps:
s5.1.1: calculating the average power failure time T of the overhead main line when the line meets the N-1 conditionjg-1And average power off time T of switch faultkg-1Are respectively as
In the case of non-distribution automation,
in the case of the fault-monitoring mode,
under the mode of a coincidence device, the light beam is reflected by the light beam,
under the condition of intelligent distribution, the system can automatically control the operation,
under the centralized condition, the system can be used,
wherein α and β satisfy the following relationship,
in the above formula, k2Number of two remote terminals, k3The number of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k2+k3Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Is not less than 1, and k3When 0, define
Wherein α and β satisfy the following relationship,
in the above formula k2Number of two remote terminals, k3The number of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k2+k3Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Not less than 2, and k3When 0, define
When k is2+k3Not less than 2, and k3When 1, define
When k is2+k3When the number is less than 2, α is 0, β is 1;
s5.1.2: calculating the average power failure time T of the overhead main line fault under the condition that the line does not meet the N-1 conditionjg-2And average power off time T of switch faultkg-2Are respectively as
In the case of non-distribution automation,
in the case of the fault-monitoring mode,
under the mode of a coincidence device, the light beam is reflected by the light beam,
under the condition of intelligent distribution, the system can automatically control the operation,
under the centralized condition, the system can be used,
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2Number of two remote terminals, k3The number of the three remote terminals;
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2The number of the remote terminals is two; k is a radical of3The number of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k2+k3Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Is not less than 1, and k2When 0, define
In the above calculation formula, FzjThe failure rate of the medium-voltage overhead line is determined; fkIs the switch failure rate; l isZThe average length of the feeder trunk is taken; t is1Isolating time from manual to field fault when no fault is guided; t is2Isolating time for manual to field fault under fault guidance; t ischFault isolation time for recloser; t isznTime for intelligent distributed fault isolation; t isykThe fault isolation time is centralized remote control; t isrTime for fault repair; n is the number of line trunk sections; kpsThe power distribution transformer double access rate is α the probability expected value of fault isolation needing manual work to the site, β the power failure range coefficient expected value when the fault is needed to be isolated manually;
s5.1.3: calculating average power failure time T of overhead main line faultjgAnd average power off time T of switch faultkgIs of the formula
Tjg＝KN-1*Tjg-1+(1-KN-1)*Tjg-2
Tkg＝KN-1*Tkg-1+(1-KN-1)*Tkg-2
In the above formula, KN-1Is the passing rate of the area medium-voltage feeder N-1.
7. The method for calculating power supply reliability applied to distribution automation as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S5.2 comprises the following steps:
s5.2.1: calculating the mean time T of power failure of the cable trunk line when the line meets the N-1 conditioncg-1Mean time of power failure T of AND ring network unithg-1Are respectively as
In the case of non-distribution automation,
Tcg-1＝Fzc*LZ*T1*(1-Kps)
Thg-1＝Fh*(n*T1+Tr)*(1-Kps)
in the case of the fault-monitoring mode,
Tcg-1＝Fzc*LZ*T2*(1-Kps)
Thg-1＝Fh*(n*T2+Tr)*(1-Kps)
under the condition of intelligent distribution, the system can automatically control the operation,
under the centralized condition, the system can be used,
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2Configuring the number of ring network units of the two remote terminals; k is a radical of3For configuring the number of ring network units of three remote terminals, and n is k2+k3；k2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k2+k3Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Is not less than 1, and k3When 0, define
Thg-1＝Fh*(n*Tyk+α*β*T2+Tr)*(1-Kps)
Wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2For configuring the number of ring network units, k, of two remote terminals3Configuring the number of ring network units of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k3≥1，k2Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Not less than 2, and k3When 0, define
When k is2+k3< 2 or k2When 0, α, β, 1;
s5.2.2: calculating the mean time T of power failure of the cable trunk line fault under the condition that the line does not satisfy N-1cg-2Mean time of power failure T of AND ring network unithg-2Are respectively as
In the case of non-distribution automation,
in the case of the fault-monitoring mode,
under the condition of intelligent distribution, the system can automatically control the operation,
under the centralized condition, the system can be used,
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula, k2Configuring the number of ring network units of the two remote terminals; k is a radical of3Configuring the number of ring network units of the three remote terminals;
wherein, α and β values should satisfy the following relations
In the above formula k2For configuring the number of ring network units, k, of two remote terminals3Configuring the number of ring network units of the three remote terminals; k is a radical of2、k3Are all natural numbers, and k3≥1，k2Not less than 1; when k is2+k3Not less than 2, and k3When 0, define
When k is2+k3< 2 or k2When 0, α, β, 1;
in the above calculation formula, FzcThe failure rate of the medium-voltage cable line; fhThe failure rate of the ring network unit is obtained; l isZThe average length of the feeder trunk is taken; t is1Isolating time from manual to field fault when no fault is guided; t is2Isolating time for manual to field fault under fault guidance; t ischFault isolation time for recloser; t isznTime for intelligent distributed fault isolation; t isykThe fault isolation time is centralized remote control; t isrTime for fault repair; n is the number of the ring network units; kpsThe power distribution transformer double access rate is α the probability expected value of fault isolation needing manual work to the site, β the power failure range coefficient expected value when the fault is needed to be isolated manually;
s5.2.3: calculating the mean time of power failure T of the cable main line systemcgMean time of power failure T of AND ring network unithgThe formula is as follows:
Tcg＝KN-1*Tcg-1+(1-KN-1)*Tcg-2
Thg＝KN-1*Thg-1+(1-KN-1)*Thg-2
in the above formula, KN-1Is the passing rate of the area medium-voltage feeder N-1.
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