CN111135777A - Jacket steam drum heating reactor system for experimental device - Google Patents
Jacket steam drum heating reactor system for experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111135777A CN111135777A CN202010097874.9A CN202010097874A CN111135777A CN 111135777 A CN111135777 A CN 111135777A CN 202010097874 A CN202010097874 A CN 202010097874A CN 111135777 A CN111135777 A CN 111135777A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
- B01D5/0072—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with filtration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
- B01J2219/00009—Pilot-scale plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
- B01J2219/00011—Laboratory-scale plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2219/00058—Temperature measurement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/0015—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
- B01J2219/00155—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
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Abstract
The invention discloses a jacket steam drum heating reactor system for an experimental device, which is characterized by comprising a reactor part, a steam condensation reflux and steam drum pressure control part, a saturated water circulation part and a jacket water replenishing part, wherein the jacket water replenishing part can inject deionized water before the system operates or replenish loss water in the system operation process, and the reactor part is respectively connected with the steam condensation reflux and steam drum pressure control part, the saturated water circulation part and the jacket water replenishing part. The invention controls the pressure of water in the jacket by pressure compensation gas to enable the corresponding water saturation temperature to approach the reaction temperature, heats the water in the jacket to the saturation temperature by an external electric furnace, the temperature approaches the reaction temperature, a large amount of heat generated after the reaction is initiated is absorbed by vaporization of the water in the jacket, and the vaporized steam is condensed and reflowed by a jacket outlet heat exchanger, thereby realizing the reaction heat transfer process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a jacket steam drum heat-extraction reactor system for an experimental device, and belongs to the technical field of steam drum heat extraction.
Background
For the strong exothermic isothermal reaction in small and medium-sized experimental devices, how to quickly remove heat and maintain constant reactor temperature is a difficult point of device design and a key point of successful experiment, the traditional direct electric heating mode is adopted, so that the reaction reaches the initiation temperature, but the heat generated by the reaction cannot be removed in time, and the phenomenon of reaction temperature runaway is inevitably generated. Therefore, heat transfer modes such as salt bath, oil bath and water bath (steam drum) appear, the salt bath and the oil bath transfer heat of the reactor by utilizing sensible heat of the temperature rise of the fused salt or the heat transfer oil, and a large amount of fused salt and the heat transfer oil are needed for absorbing heat to ensure the smaller temperature rise of the system, so that the heating, heat preservation and circulation system is complicated, the system cost is high, the system is limited by the physical properties of the fused salt and the heat transfer oil, and the applicable temperature range is limited. For a strong exothermic reaction system, a steam drum heat extraction mode is often adopted in industry. Because the latent heat of water vaporization is large, the temperature in the vaporization process is stable, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the reaction heat can be quickly absorbed, the steam after phase change is condensed and reflowed through the heat exchanger, and the reaction heat is quickly transferred into cooling water.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: on the basis of quickly removing heat and maintaining constant reactor temperature, the system structure of a reactor system is simplified, the transfer efficiency of reaction heat is improved, the temperature stability is good, and the cost is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention provides a jacket steam drum heating reactor system for an experimental device, which is characterized by comprising a reactor part, a steam condensation reflux and steam drum pressure control part, a saturated water circulation part and a jacket water supplement part, wherein the jacket water supplement part can inject deionized water before the system operates or supplement loss water in the system operation process; the reactor part comprises a jacketed reactor matched with an external electric furnace, the inside and the outside of the jacketed reactor are respectively provided with a reactor inside and outside temperature measuring element, and a liquid level detecting element is arranged in the jacketed reactor; the steam condensation reflux and steam drum pressure control part comprises a steam condenser, a temperature measuring element in the condenser is arranged in the steam condenser, an outlet pipeline of the steam condenser is connected with a pressure compensation gas pressure reducing pipeline, a pressure detecting instrument is arranged on the steam condenser, and a pressure regulating valve of the pressure detecting instrument forms an automatic system pressure control loop; the saturated water circulation part comprises a saturated water circulation pump, a pump outlet pressure gauge and an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet and the outlet are respectively communicated with a connecting pipeline of a jacket on the jacket reactor.
Preferably, an external electric furnace which is divided into a plurality of sections for controlling the temperature according to the height of the jacketed reactor is arranged on the jacketed reactor.
Preferably, the jacketed reactor comprises a cylinder, a jacket bearing the pressure of the steam drum and an external electric furnace, wherein the jacket is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder, and the external electric furnace is arranged outside the jacket.
Preferably, the upper part of the cylinder is provided with an upper seal head and an upper feed inlet, the upper feed inlet is arranged below the upper seal head, the lower part of the cylinder is provided with a lower seal head and a lower discharge outlet, the lower discharge outlet is arranged above the lower seal head, the top end of the cylinder is provided with a tube core temperature measuring port, and the upper feed inlet and the lower discharge outlet are communicated with the cylinder; the upper part of the jacket is provided with an upper saturated water inlet and outlet, a steam outlet and a low-pressure end connecting port of the liquid level meter, the lower part of the jacket is provided with a lower saturated water inlet and outlet, a high-pressure end connecting port of the liquid level meter and a jacket temperature measuring port, and the lower saturated water inlet and outlet and the upper saturated water inlet and outlet are communicated with the jacket; the liquid level detection element is a liquid level meter, and a liquid level meter with remote transmission and field display is arranged on the jacket.
Preferably, the reactor internal and external temperature measuring elements comprise a tube core temperature measuring element, a jacket top tube orifice temperature measuring element and a jacket bottom tube orifice temperature measuring element; the tube core temperature measuring element is arranged in the jacket reactor, the jacket temperature measuring element is arranged in a jacket of the jacket reactor, the jacket top orifice temperature measuring element is arranged on a jacket top orifice of the jacket reactor, and the jacket bottom orifice temperature measuring element is arranged on a jacket bottom orifice of the jacket reactor.
Preferably, the core temperature measuring element and the jacket temperature measuring element are multipoint thermocouples capable of detecting temperatures at different heights.
Preferably, the steam condenser is a tube heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger; the steam condenser comprises a heat exchange tube, a lower end enclosure and an upper end enclosure, wherein the lower end enclosure and the upper end enclosure are respectively arranged at two ends of the heat exchange tube; the lower end enclosure is provided with a gas phase communication port, a liquid phase reflux port, a drain port and a temperature measurement port, and the upper end enclosure is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, a pressure sensor mounting port and a temperature measurement port; the two ends of the heat exchange tube are respectively provided with a cold water inlet and a cold water outlet.
Preferably, the temperature measuring element in the condenser comprises a lower end enclosure temperature measuring element for detecting the temperature of condensed liquid in the steam condenser and an upper end enclosure temperature measuring element for detecting the temperature of gas phase in the steam condenser; the pressure detection instrument is fixed on an upper end enclosure or an outlet pipeline of the steam condenser and comprises a field pressure meter and a remote transmission pressure sensor; the remote pressure sensor and the pressure regulating valve form a system pressure automatic control loop, and the control value of the system pressure automatic control loop is the saturation pressure of water corresponding to the temperature of the jacket; the pressure compensation gas pressure reducing pipeline at least comprises a gas source main valve, a pressure reducing valve and a connecting pipeline and is communicated with an upper seal head outlet pipeline of the steam condenser; the outlet pipeline of the steam condenser is provided with a safety valve.
Preferably, the saturated water circulation part further comprises a switching valve, and the switching valve comprises a first hand valve and a second hand valve on a connecting pipeline between an outlet of the saturated water circulation pump and upper and lower inlets and outlets of a jacket on the jacket reactor, and a third hand valve, a fourth hand valve and a pump inlet cut-off valve on a connecting pipeline between the upper and lower inlets and outlets of the jacket on the jacket reactor and an inlet of the saturated water circulation pump.
Preferably, the jacket water supply part comprises a water tank, a water supply pump, a pump inlet stop valve, a filter, an outlet pressure gauge, an unloading valve, a stop valve and a one-way valve, the water tank is connected with one end of the water supply pump through the pump inlet stop valve and the filter, the other end of the water supply pump is connected with one end of the one-way valve sequentially through the unloading valve, the outlet pressure gauge and the stop valve, and the other end of the one-way valve is connected with a jacket of the jacket reactor.
The invention provides a jacket steam drum heating reactor system for an experimental device, which controls the pressure of water in a jacket through pressure compensation gas to enable the corresponding water saturation temperature to be close to the reaction temperature, heats the water in the jacket to the saturation temperature through an external electric furnace, the temperature is close to the reaction temperature, a large amount of heat generated after reaction initiation is absorbed through vaporization of the water in the jacket, and vaporized steam is condensed and reflows by a jacket outlet heat exchanger, so that the reaction heat transfer process is realized. Because the heat exchange efficiency of water is high, the heat of vaporization is large, and the temperature in the vaporization process is unchanged, the temperature in the reactor is ensured to be constant, the heat removal problem of the strong exothermic reactor is solved, and the device is particularly suitable for small and medium-sized experimental devices.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a jacketed drum exothermic reactor system for a laboratory apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a jacketed drum reactor and its associated external electric furnace;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a steam condenser.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a jacket steam drum heating reactor system for an experimental device, which comprises a reactor part, a steam condensation reflux and steam drum pressure control part, a saturated water circulation part and a jacket water replenishing part, wherein the reactor part is respectively connected with the steam condensation reflux and steam drum pressure control part, the saturated water circulation part and the jacket water replenishing part, as shown in figure 1.
The reactor part comprises a jacketed reactor R-100 and a matched external electric furnace thereof, internal and external reactor temperature measuring elements inside and outside the jacketed reactor R-100, a liquid level detecting element inside the jacketed reactor R-100 and other instruments and pipelines.
An external electric furnace of the jacketed reactor R-100 is divided into a plurality of sections for controlling the temperature according to the height of the jacketed reactor R-100; the schematic diagram of a jacket reactor R-100 and a matched external electric furnace is shown in figure 2, the jacket reactor consists of a cylinder 1-1, a jacket 1-2 and an external electric furnace 1-3, and the jacket 1-2 is directly welded on the outer wall of the cylinder 1-1 and bears the pressure of a steam drum; an external electric furnace 1-3 is arranged on the outer side of the jacket 1-2. An upper end enclosure 1-4, a lower end enclosure 1-5, an upper feed inlet 1-6 for feeding raw reaction materials, a lower discharge outlet 1-7 for discharging reaction products and a tube core temperature measuring port 1-11 are arranged on a barrel 1-1, the upper end enclosure 1-4 and the upper feed inlet 1-6 are both arranged on the upper part of the barrel 1-1, the upper feed inlet 1-6 is arranged below the upper end enclosure 1-4, the lower end enclosure 1-5 and the lower discharge outlet 1-7 are both arranged on the lower part of the barrel 1-1, the lower discharge outlet 1-7 is arranged above the lower end enclosure 1-5, the tube core temperature measuring port 1-11 is arranged at the top end of the barrel 1-1, and the upper feed inlet 1-6 and the lower discharge outlet 1-7 are both communicated with the barrel 1-1; the jacket is provided with a lower saturated water inlet and outlet 1-8, an upper saturated water inlet and outlet 1-9, a steam outlet 1-10, a liquid level meter high-pressure end connecting port 1-13, a liquid level meter low-pressure end connecting port 1-14 and a jacket temperature measuring port 1-12, the upper part of the jacket 1-2 is provided with an upper saturated water inlet and outlet 1-9, a steam outlet 1-10 and a liquid level meter low-pressure end connecting port 1-14, the lower part of the jacket 1-2 is provided with a lower saturated water inlet and outlet 1-8, a liquid level meter high-pressure end connecting port 1-13 and a jacket temperature measuring port 1-12, and the lower saturated water inlet and outlet 1-8 and the upper saturated water inlet and outlet 1-9 are communicated with.
The reactor internal and external temperature measuring elements comprise a tube core temperature measuring element TE-101, a jacket temperature measuring element TE-102, a jacket top tube opening temperature measuring element TE-103 and a jacket bottom tube opening temperature measuring element TE-104, wherein the tube core temperature measuring element TE-101 and the jacket temperature measuring element TE-102 can be selected as multipoint thermocouples and can detect temperatures of different heights. The tube core temperature measuring element TE-101 is arranged inside the jacket reactor R-100, the jacket temperature measuring element TE-102 is arranged in a jacket 1-2 of the jacket reactor R-100, the pipe orifice temperature measuring element TE-103 at the top of the jacket is arranged on the pipe orifice at the top of the jacket 1-2 of the jacket reactor R-100, and the pipe orifice temperature measuring element TE-104 at the bottom of the jacket is arranged on the pipe orifice at the bottom of the jacket 1-2 of the jacket reactor R-100. The liquid level detection element is a liquid level meter DPT-100, a jacket 1-2 of the jacket reactor R-100 is provided with the liquid level meter DPT-100 with remote transmission and field display, and the saturated water height in the jacket 1-2 is detected in real time. A drain line and a first drain valve HV-100 are provided at the low point of the jacket 1-2.
The steam condensation reflux and steam drum pressure control part consists of a steam condenser HE-200, a temperature measuring element in the condenser arranged in the steam condenser HE-200, a pressure control loop consisting of a pressure compensation gas pressure reducing pipeline, a pressure detection instrument and a pressure control regulating valve, equipment such as a system safety valve, instruments and pipelines.
The steam condenser HE-200 is a tubular heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger and is obliquely or vertically installed, a schematic diagram is shown in figure 3, the steam condenser HE-200 comprises a heat exchange tube 2-1, a lower end enclosure 2-2 and an upper end enclosure 2-3, the lower end enclosure 2-2 and the upper end enclosure 2-3 are respectively arranged at two ends of the heat exchange tube 2-1, the lower end enclosure 2-2 is provided with a gas phase communication port 2-4, a liquid phase reflux port 2-5, a drain port 2-6 and a temperature measurement port 2-7, and the upper end enclosure 2-3 is provided with a gas inlet/outlet 2-8, a pressure sensor installation port 2-9 and a temperature measurement port 2-10; two ends of the heat exchange tube 2-1 are respectively provided with a cold water inlet 2-11 and a cold water outlet 2-12.
The temperature measuring element in the condenser comprises a lower end enclosure temperature measuring element TE-201 and an upper end enclosure temperature measuring element TE-202, the lower end enclosure temperature measuring element TE-201 is used for detecting the temperature of condensed liquid in the steam condenser HE-200, the upper end enclosure temperature measuring element TE-202 is used for detecting the temperature of gas phase in the steam condenser HE-200, the lower end enclosure temperature measuring element TE-201 is arranged on the lower end enclosure 2-2, and the upper end enclosure temperature measuring element TE-202 is arranged on the upper end enclosure 2-3. And a second exhaust valve HV-201 is arranged on the lower end enclosure 2-2. The pressure detection instrument is arranged on an upper seal head 2-3 or an outlet pipeline of the steam condenser HE-200 and comprises a field pressure gauge PI-201 and a remote transmission pressure sensor PT-200; the remote pressure sensor PT-200 and the pressure regulating valve PV-200 form a system pressure automatic control loop, and the control value of the system pressure automatic control loop is the saturation pressure of water corresponding to the temperature of the jacket 1-2. The pressure compensation gas pressure reducing pipeline at least comprises a gas source main valve HV-202 for controlling the entering of the pressure compensation gas, a pressure reducing valve PCV-201 and a connecting pipeline, is communicated with an outlet pipeline of an upper end enclosure of the condenser, and automatically supplements inert gas when the pressure of the system is lower than a set value. A safety valve PSV-200 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the condenser and serves as a system safety valve to automatically unload the system under overpressure and guarantee safety.
The saturated water circulation part consists of a saturated water circulation pump P-300, a pump outlet pressure gauge PI-300, a connecting pipeline of an inlet and an outlet and a jacket on the jacket reactor R-100 and a switching valve, wherein the switching valve comprises a first hand valve HV-302 and a second hand valve HV-303 on the connecting pipeline of the outlet of the saturated water circulation pump P-300 and the upper and lower inlets and the lower outlets of the jacket on the jacket reactor R-100 and a third hand valve HV-304, a fourth hand valve HV-305 and a pump inlet cut-off valve HV-301 on the connecting pipeline of the upper and lower inlets and the lower outlets of the jacket on the jacket reactor R-100 and the inlet of the saturated water circulation pump P-300. Through valve switching, the saturated water in the jacket can be circulated in and out of the jacket, and can also be circulated in and out of the jacket.
The water supplementing part of the jacket consists of a water tank T-400, a water supplementing pump P-410, a pump inlet cut-off valve HV-401, a filter F-410, an outlet pressure gauge PI-410, an unloading valve PSV-410, a cut-off valve HV-402 and a check valve CK-410, wherein the water tank T-400 is connected with one end of the water supplementing pump P-410 through the pump inlet cut-off valve HV-401 and the filter F-410, the other end of the water supplementing pump P-410 is connected with one end of the check valve CK-410 sequentially through the unloading valve PSV-410, the outlet pressure gauge PI-410 and the cut-off valve HV-402, and the other end of the check valve CK-410 is connected with the jacket of the. The water replenishing part of the jacket can inject deionized water into the jacket before starting operation and can also replenish lost water in the system operation process.
The PIC-200 indicates that the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve PV-200 is automatically controlled by a signal of the remote pressure sensor PT-200, which is a symbol commonly used in the industry, indicating that it is a pressure control system.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the water in the steam drum of the outer jacket 1-2 of the cylinder 1-1 of the jacket reactor R-100 is in a saturated state, the temperature of the water is the saturated temperature corresponding to the pressure of the steam drum, when the heat is released by reaction, the saturated water absorbs the heat, the saturated water is changed from a liquid state to a gaseous state, and the reaction heat is consumed, but the temperature of the water in the jacket 1-2 is stable because the water storage in the jacket 1-2 is large and the gasified water is only part, thereby ensuring the temperature of the bed layer of the reactor to be stable. After the saturated water in the jacket 1-2 is heated, steam flows towards a steam condenser HE-200 and is condensed by a heat exchanger 2-1 and then flows back; when the liquid level of the reactor jacket 1-2 is lower than the alarm value, the water replenishing pump P-410 automatically starts replenishing. In order to enhance the heat exchange effect inside and outside the jacket 1-2, the saturated water circulation part can realize the positive and negative forced external circulation of the saturated water in the jacket 1-2, namely the saturated water in the jacket 1-2 can flow from top to bottom or from bottom to top. An external electric furnace 1-3 is arranged outside the jacket 1-2 of the reactor, on one hand, water in the cylinder 1-1 and the jacket 1-2 of the reactor is heated to a set temperature in the initial stage of the reaction, on the other hand, the reactor is kept warm in the reaction stage, and meanwhile, the reactor can be directly heated under the high-temperature working condition of the reactor, but at the moment, the water in the jacket 1-2 needs to be drained through a first drain valve HV-100 at the bottom.
Claims (10)
1. A jacket steam drum heating reactor system for an experimental device is characterized by comprising a reactor part, a steam condensation reflux and steam drum pressure control part, a saturated water circulation part and a jacket water supplement part, wherein deionized water can be injected before the system runs or loss water can be supplemented in the running process of the system; the reactor part comprises a jacketed reactor (R-100) provided with an external electric furnace, the inside and the outside of the jacketed reactor (R-100) are respectively provided with a reactor internal and external temperature measuring element, and a liquid level detecting element is arranged in the jacketed reactor (R-100); the steam condensation reflux and steam drum pressure control part comprises a steam condenser (HE-200), a temperature measuring element in the condenser is arranged in the steam condenser (HE-200), an outlet pipeline of the steam condenser (HE-200) is connected with a pressure compensation gas pressure reduction pipeline, a pressure detection instrument is arranged on the steam condenser (HE-200), and a pressure regulating valve (PV-200) of the pressure detection instrument forms an automatic system pressure control loop; the saturated water circulation part comprises a saturated water circulation pump (P-300), a pump outlet pressure gauge (PI-300) and an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are respectively communicated with a connecting pipeline of a jacket on the jacket reactor (R-100).
2. The jacketed steam drum heating reactor system for experimental facilities as defined in claim 1, wherein the jacketed reactor (R-100) is provided with an external electric furnace divided into a plurality of temperature control stages according to the height of the jacketed reactor (R-100).
3. The jacketed steam drum heating reactor system for experimental facilities as defined in claim 1, wherein the jacketed reactor (R-100) comprises a cylinder (1-1), a jacket (1-2) for bearing the pressure of the steam drum, and an external electric furnace (1-3), the jacket (1-2) is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder (1-1), and the external electric furnace (1-3) is provided outside the jacket (1-2).
4. The jacketed steam drum heating reactor system for the experimental device as defined in claim 3, wherein the upper part of the cylinder (1-1) is provided with an upper seal head (1-4) and an upper feed port (1-6), the upper feed port (1-6) is arranged below the upper seal head (1-4), the lower part of the cylinder (1-1) is provided with a lower seal head (1-5) and a lower discharge port (1-7), the lower discharge port (1-7) is arranged above the lower seal head (1-5), the top end of the cylinder (1-1) is provided with a tube core temperature measuring port (1-11), and the upper feed port (1-6) and the lower discharge port (1-7) are communicated with the cylinder (1-1); the upper part of the jacket (1-2) is provided with an upper saturated water inlet and outlet (1-9), a steam outlet (1-10) and a low-pressure end connector (1-14) of the liquid level meter, the lower part of the jacket (1-2) is provided with a lower saturated water inlet and outlet (1-8), a high-pressure end connector (1-13) of the liquid level meter and a jacket temperature measuring port (1-12), and the lower saturated water inlet and outlet (1-8) and the upper saturated water inlet and outlet (1-9) are communicated with the jacket (1-2); the liquid level detection element is a liquid level meter (DPT-100), and the jacket (1-2) is provided with the liquid level meter (DPT-100) with remote transmission and field display.
5. The jacketed steam drum heating reactor system for experimental facilities as defined in claim 1, wherein the internal and external temperature measuring elements of the reactor include a tube core temperature measuring element (TE-101), a jacket temperature measuring element (TE-102), a jacket top nozzle temperature measuring element (TE-103), and a jacket bottom nozzle temperature measuring element (TE-104); the tube core temperature measuring element (TE-101) is arranged inside the jacket reactor (R-100), the jacket temperature measuring element (TE-102) is arranged in the jacket (1-2) of the jacket reactor (R-100), the jacket top orifice temperature measuring element (TE-103) is arranged on the jacket (1-2) top orifice of the jacket reactor (R-100), and the jacket bottom orifice temperature measuring element (TE-104) is arranged on the jacket (1-2) bottom orifice of the jacket reactor (R-100).
6. The jacketed steam drum heating reactor system for laboratory devices as defined in claim 5, wherein said tubular core temperature measuring element (TE-101) and jacketed temperature measuring element (TE-102) are multipoint thermocouples capable of detecting temperatures of different heights.
7. A jacketed drum exothermic reactor system for laboratory devices according to claim 1, wherein the steam condenser (HE-200) is a tubular heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger; the steam condenser (HE-200) comprises a heat exchange tube (2-1), a lower end enclosure (2-2) and an upper end enclosure (2-3), wherein the lower end enclosure (2-2) and the upper end enclosure (2-3) are respectively arranged at two ends of the heat exchange tube (2-1); the lower end enclosure (2-2) is provided with a gas phase communication port (2-4), a liquid phase reflux port (2-5), a drain port (2-6) and a temperature measurement port (2-7), and the upper end enclosure (2-3) is provided with a gas inlet and outlet (2-8), a pressure sensor mounting port (2-9) and a temperature measurement port (2-10); two ends of the heat exchange tube (2-1) are respectively provided with a cold water inlet (2-11) and a cold water outlet (2-12).
8. The jacketed steam drum heating reactor system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature measuring elements in the condenser comprise a lower head temperature measuring element (TE-201) for detecting the temperature of the condensed liquid in the steam condenser (HE-200), and an upper head temperature measuring element (TE-202) for detecting the temperature of the gas phase in the steam condenser (HE-200); the pressure detection instrument is fixed on an upper seal head or an outlet pipeline of the steam condenser (HE-200), and comprises a field pressure gauge (PI-201) and a remote pressure sensor (PT-200); the remote pressure sensor (PT-200) and the pressure regulating valve (PV-200) form a system pressure automatic control loop, and the control value of the system pressure automatic control loop is the saturation pressure of water corresponding to the temperature of the jacket; the pressure compensation gas pressure reducing pipeline at least comprises a gas source main valve (HV-202), a pressure reducing valve (PCV-201) and a connecting pipeline and is communicated with an upper head outlet pipeline of the steam condenser (HE-200); a safety valve (PSV-200) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the steam condenser (HE-200).
9. The jacketed steam drum heating reactor system for experimental facilities as defined in claim 1, wherein the saturated water circulating section further comprises switching valves including a first hand valve (HV-302) and a second hand valve (HV-303) on the connecting lines of the outlet of the saturated water circulating pump (P-300) and the upper and lower inlets and outlets of the jacket on the jacketed reactor (R-100), and a third hand valve (HV-304), a fourth hand valve (HV-305) and a pump inlet cut-off valve (HV-301) on the connecting lines of the upper and lower inlets and outlets of the jacket on the jacketed reactor (R-100) and the inlet of the saturated water circulating pump (P-300).
10. The jacketed steam drum heating reactor system for experimental devices as defined in claim 1, wherein the jacketed water supply part comprises a water tank (T-400), a water supply pump (P-410), a pump inlet cut-off valve (HV-401), a filter (F-410), an outlet pressure gauge (PI-410), an unloading valve (PSV-410), a cut-off valve (HV-402), and a check valve (CK-410), the water tank (T-400) is connected with one end of the water supply pump (P-410) through the pump inlet cut-off valve (HV-401) and the filter (F-410), the other end of the water supply pump (P-410) is connected with one end of the check valve (CK-410) through the unloading valve (PSV-410), the outlet pressure gauge (PI-410) and the cut-off valve (HV-402) in turn, the other end of the check valve (CK-410) is connected with the jacket of the jacketed reactor (R-100).
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