CN111119139B - Rotational flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure - Google Patents
Rotational flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structureInfo
- Publication number
- CN111119139B CN111119139B CN202010099332.5A CN202010099332A CN111119139B CN 111119139 B CN111119139 B CN 111119139B CN 202010099332 A CN202010099332 A CN 202010099332A CN 111119139 B CN111119139 B CN 111119139B
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- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- energy dissipation
- flat section
- vortex
- fluid
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种旋流竖井式消能结构，包括上平段、旋流竖井、下平段。旋流竖井上端通过入口洞与外界环境连通，旋流竖井下端通过出口洞与外界环境连通，入口洞端口处作为流道入口，出口洞端口处作为流道出口。采用本发明的技术方案，流体由流道入口送入之后，当流体流量或流速较小时，流体直接进入旋流竖井内以旋涡方式流动，消解其中大部分能量；当流体流量或流速较大时，部分流体越过旋流竖井，拍击到旋流竖井端口处的消能墙上，通过消能墙消解其中部分水流能量，反射回流的水体则与上游水流在旋涡竖井内不断碰撞、混合，再次消解水体中的能量后流出，使流体减少了对下游建筑物设施的水力冲击，保护建筑物结构安全，降低工程运行风险。
The present invention discloses a vortex shaft type energy dissipation structure, comprising an upper flat section, a vortex shaft, and a lower flat section. The upper end of the vortex shaft is connected to the external environment through an inlet hole, and the lower end of the vortex shaft is connected to the external environment through an outlet hole. The inlet hole port serves as a flow channel inlet, and the outlet hole port serves as a flow channel outlet. By adopting the technical solution of the present invention, after the fluid is fed into the flow channel inlet, when the fluid flow rate or flow velocity is small, the fluid directly enters the vortex shaft and flows in a vortex manner, dissipating most of the energy therein; when the fluid flow rate or flow velocity is large, part of the fluid passes through the vortex shaft and hits the energy dissipation wall at the port of the vortex shaft, dissipating part of the water flow energy through the energy dissipation wall, and the reflected backflow water body continuously collides and mixes with the upstream water flow in the vortex shaft, and flows out after dissipating the energy in the water body again, so that the fluid reduces the hydraulic impact on downstream buildings and facilities, protects the safety of the building structure, and reduces the risk of project operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to the technical field of flow passage flood discharge energy dissipation in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a rotational flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure.
Background
As the runner that sets up in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, except meeting the flood discharge ability, still should guarantee the safety of flood discharge building during the operation, well link up and can give full play to the due energy dissipation effect with former river stream to avoid down the stream and cause the scour damage to downstream riverbed and bank slope. The energy dissipation runner is characterized in that a plurality of energy dissipation bodies with different shapes and structures are designed on the runner surface so as to increase the roughness of the water wall surface, and a large amount of air entrainment is carried out on the flowing water flow, so that the loss of the along-the-way capacity in the water flow discharging process is increased, the downstream energy dissipation pressure is reduced, the air entrainment corrosion reduction protection is carried out on the runner wall surface, cavitation corrosion damage is reduced, and the safe operation of a water discharge building is ensured. In the prior art, the design thought of the energy dissipation runner is that water flows through the slow flow section, is accelerated by the steep groove section, and is dissipated by an energy dissipater, so that the traditional energy dissipation mode has the advantages that the water flow acceleration process is longer, the cavitation erosion damage possibly caused part is longer, the engineering safety is unfavorable, meanwhile, the bottom plate of the chute is a smooth surface, no energy dissipation measures are adopted, the energy of the downward water flow is larger, the energy dissipation is carried out only by the energy dissipater, the design and construction requirements of related facilities of the energy dissipater are high, and the investment and construction cost of construction engineering are high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a rotational flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a cyclone shaft type energy dissipation structure which comprises a cyclone shaft, wherein the upper end of the cyclone shaft is communicated with the external environment through an upper flat section, the lower end of the cyclone shaft is communicated with the external environment through a lower flat section, a port of the upper flat section is used as a runner inlet, and a port of the lower flat section is used as a runner outlet.
And an energy dissipation wall is further arranged at the downstream of the port at the upper end of the rotational flow vertical shaft, and the energy dissipation wall and the upper flat section hole are opposite to each other.
The cross sections of the upper flat section and the lower flat section are one of open channel cross sections, urban gate-shaped cross sections, circular cross sections and horseshoe cross sections.
An inlet weir head is arranged at the inlet of the runner.
The cyclone vertical shaft is arranged close to the runner inlet or the runner outlet.
The bottom of the rotational flow vertical shaft is provided with a water cushion and a lining structure.
The length of the inlet hole is greater than 1 time of the hole diameter.
The rotational flow vertical shaft is a circular, elliptic and smooth gradual change curved surface section.
The number of the runners is one, and one or a plurality of runners are arranged between the rotational flow vertical shaft and the water cushion.
The number of the runners can be also multiple, a plurality of cyclone shafts are arranged among the parallel runners, the lower water cushion is communicated with one runner, and a plurality of cyclone shafts and water cushions can be alternatively arranged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, fluid fed by the inlet of the runner flows through the runner surface in the inlet hole, firstly enters the cyclone shaft and flows in a vortex manner in the cyclone shaft, so that most of energy in the fluid is digested, hydraulic impact of the fluid on downstream facilities is reduced, water flow after being digested by the cyclone shaft flows out of the outlet hole, the flow state direction of the fluid tends to be unified again, thus the hydraulic condition of the improved water flow is improved, in addition, when the water flow rate at the inlet hole is larger, a part of the water flow passes through the cyclone shaft and beats on the energy dissipation wall at the port of the cyclone shaft, the energy of a part of the water flow can be digested through the energy dissipation wall, and in addition, the cyclone shaft is communicated with the atmosphere in the external environment through the air supplementing pipe, so that good ventilation is kept in the cyclone shaft, the water flow rate and turbulence in the cyclone shaft can be further accelerated, the digestion effect of the energy of the fluid is more remarkable, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction, low engineering cost and the like, and the invention is suitable for wide popularization and application in the field of hydraulic engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention.
The device comprises a 1-inlet hole, a 2-swirl vertical shaft, a 3-outlet hole, a 4-air supplementing pipe, a 5-energy dissipation wall, an 11-runner inlet, a 12-inlet weir head, a 21-water cushion and a 31-runner outlet.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the above.
The invention discloses a cyclone shaft type energy dissipation structure, which is shown in fig. 1-4, and comprises a cyclone shaft 2, wherein the upper end of the cyclone shaft 2 is communicated with the external environment through an upper flat section 1, the lower end of the cyclone shaft 2 is communicated with the external environment through a lower flat section 3, the port of the upper flat section 1 is used as a runner inlet 11, and the port of the lower flat section 3 is used as a runner outlet 31.
When the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, fluid fed by the inlet of the runner flows through the runner surface in the inlet hole, firstly enters the cyclone shaft and flows in a vortex manner in the cyclone shaft, so that most of energy in the fluid is digested, hydraulic impact of the fluid on downstream facilities is reduced, water flow after being digested by the cyclone shaft flows out of the outlet hole, the flow state direction of the fluid tends to be unified again, thus the hydraulic condition of the improved water flow is improved, in addition, when the water flow rate at the inlet hole is larger, a part of the water flow passes through the cyclone shaft and beats on the energy dissipation wall at the port of the cyclone shaft, the energy of a part of the water flow can be digested through the energy dissipation wall, and in addition, the cyclone shaft is communicated with the atmosphere in the external environment through the air supplementing pipe, so that good ventilation is kept in the cyclone shaft, the water flow rate and turbulence in the cyclone shaft can be further accelerated, the digestion effect of the energy of the fluid is more remarkable, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction, low engineering cost and the like, and the invention is suitable for wide popularization and application in the field of hydraulic engineering.
Further, the upper end port of the cyclone shaft 2 is also provided with an energy dissipation wall 5, and the energy dissipation wall 5 and the entrance hole 1 are opposite to each other. The energy dissipation wall 5 is formed by casting concrete. When the water flow rate at the entrance hole is large, a part of water flows can pass through the cyclone shaft and slap the energy dissipation wall at the port of the cyclone shaft, and the energy of the part of water flows can be resolved through the energy dissipation wall, so that the hydraulic condition of the water flows is further improved. The specific position of the energy dissipation wall 5 can be determined through hydraulic numerical calculation or physical model test, so that the reflected water flow can fall into the vertical shaft after the flow velocity is small in falling, or the reflected water flow can fall into the vertical shaft together after collision and energy dissipation of the reflected water flow and upstream incoming flow.
Further, it is preferable that the cross section of the outlet hole 3 is one of an open channel section, an urban gate-shaped section, a circular shape, and a horseshoe shape. The cross sections of the outlet hole 3 and the outlet hole 3 are one of open channel cross sections, urban gate-shaped cross sections, circular cross sections and horseshoe cross sections.
The swirl shaft 2 is preferably arranged close to the flow channel inlet 11. So as to ensure that the flow velocity of the outlet water flow is as small as possible. Or the arrangement position of the cyclone vertical shaft (2) is close to the runner inlet (11) so as to ensure that most of energy in the runner is digested in an initial stage and ensure the structural operation safety of the runner at the downstream of the cyclone vertical shaft. The fluid entering from the runner inlet 11 can enter the cyclone vertical shaft 2 for a short time to digest the energy, so that the energy dissipation treatment speed is increased, the scouring effect on the inlet hole 1 caused by the large energy in the water flow is prevented, and the safety of the inlet hole 1 is ensured. The specific position and the specific size of the rotational flow vertical shaft 2 can be determined by hydraulic numerical calculation or physical model test and comprehensively considering construction technology, so that reflected water flow can fall into the vertical shaft after the flow velocity is small, or the reflected water flow can fall into the vertical shaft together after collision and energy dissipation of the reflected water flow and upstream incoming flow. The depth of the rotational flow vertical shaft 2 is as close to the outlet elevation of the bottom hole section as possible so as to reduce the flow velocity of water flow at the rear part of the vertical shaft and avoid scouring damage to buildings at the downstream of the vertical shaft.
Further, a water cushion (21) is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone vertical shaft (2), and the size, lining structure and depth of the water cushion are determined through hydraulic calculation and physical model test according to specific engineering. The arrangement position, the structure size, the lining structure and the like of the cyclone shaft type energy dissipation structure are required to be determined through hydraulic calculation and physical model tests according to specific engineering.
Further, it is preferable that an inlet weir 12 is provided at the runner inlet 11. The inlet weir head 12 also dissipates some of the energy in the water flow, further improving the hydraulic conditions of the water flow. The bottom of the cyclone shaft 2 is provided with a water cushion 21 for counteracting the falling energy of the water body, and the bottom plate of the cyclone shaft has a sufficient protection effect. The specific water pad 21 thickness can be demonstrated by hydraulic numerical calculations or physical model experiments.
In addition, the rotational flow vertical shaft (2) is of a circular, elliptic and smooth gradual change curved surface section. The cross section of the rotational flow vertical shaft can be the only cross section or a multi-section structure with a large upper part, a small lower part and a large lower part, which is smoothly and excessively gradually changed. And the inlet hole 1 and the cyclone shaft 2 are respectively provided with a sufficient air supplementing hole 4 for communication, so as to provide sufficient ventilation and air supplementing conditions and avoid cavitation and cavitation erosion of the position with severe water flow change. The inlet of the cyclone shaft 2 can form a horn mouth section which is reduced downwards so as to ensure that the water flow falls in the maximum range. The bottom of the energy dissipation wall 5 is required to be chamfered, so that cavitation of a cavity formed by water flow at the position is avoided. The water cushion 21 at the bottom of the cyclone shaft 2 can also adopt various energy dissipation modes similar to underflow energy dissipation and form a second weir 6 at the downstream, so that the excavation of a stilling pool is reduced while the thickness of the water cushion 21 is met.
In addition, a plurality of air supplementing pipes 4 communicated with the external atmospheric environment are arranged on the inner wall of the cyclone vertical shaft 2. Sufficient ventilation and air supplementing conditions are provided, and cavitation erosion damage of the position with severe water flow change is avoided. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the speed of the fluid flowing out of the runner outlet 13 is about 3m/s to 5m/s, so that the speed of the fluid is greatly reduced. And the digestion effect on energy in the fluid is very obvious.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910295487.3A CN110080176A (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Swirling flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure |
| CN2019102954873 | 2019-04-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111119139A CN111119139A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
| CN111119139B true CN111119139B (en) | 2025-08-12 |
Family
ID=67415006
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910295487.3A Withdrawn CN110080176A (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Swirling flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure |
| CN202010099332.5A Active CN111119139B (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2020-02-18 | Rotational flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910295487.3A Withdrawn CN110080176A (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Swirling flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN110080176A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110080176A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-08-02 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Swirling flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure |
| CN112049086A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-08 | 四川大学 | A tunnel plug spillway connected by an open channel |
| CN115419014B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2024-02-23 | 广州市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Regulation system and regulation method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101148867A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2008-03-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A flood discharge method using swirling flow and strong water-gas mixing energy dissipation and a flood discharge tunnel |
| CN102767164A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-07 | 华北水利水电学院 | Bidirectional inflow whirling current type shaft facility for flood discharge and energy dissipation in dam |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL300508A (en) * | 1963-11-14 | |||
| KR100734754B1 (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2007-07-04 | 고수부 | Vortex prevention device in siphon channel |
| CN100552147C (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-10-21 | 水利部交通部电力工业部南京水利科学研究院 | The Method of Reconstructing the Diversion Tunnel into a Vertical Shaft with Internal Jet Energy Dissipation |
| CN108221884B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-09-10 | 河海大学 | Double slideway spiral-flow type side wall energy dissipating drilled shafts |
| CN110080176A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-08-02 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Swirling flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure |
-
2019
- 2019-04-12 CN CN201910295487.3A patent/CN110080176A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-02-18 CN CN202010099332.5A patent/CN111119139B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101148867A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2008-03-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A flood discharge method using swirling flow and strong water-gas mixing energy dissipation and a flood discharge tunnel |
| CN102767164A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-07 | 华北水利水电学院 | Bidirectional inflow whirling current type shaft facility for flood discharge and energy dissipation in dam |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 一种新型掺气型旋流竖井的试验研究;雷刚;水力发电学报;20111031;第30 卷(第5期);1 模型试验体型设计 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111119139A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
| CN110080176A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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