CN111112428A

CN111112428A - Eccentric spinning forming method for aluminum alloy hub

Info

Publication number: CN111112428A
Application number: CN202010085975.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘建芳; 张殿杰; 李会林; 王利梅; 赵立冰; 韩超
Original assignee: Qinhuangdao Dicastal Xionglong Wheels Co Ltd
Current assignee: Qinhuangdao Dicastal Xionglong Wheels Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-11
Filing date: 2020-02-11
Publication date: 2020-05-08

Abstract

The invention relates to an eccentric spinning forming method of an aluminum alloy hub, wherein a die comprises the following steps: the spinning upper die, the spinning lower die, the driving shaft, the outer driven shaft, the inner driven shaft, the supporting shaft, the mandrel, the shaft sleeve, the screw and the like. The spinning upper die is mounted on the driving shaft and rotates around the main axis; the spinning lower die is arranged on the outer driven shaft and rotates around the eccentric axis; the supporting shaft is mounted on the inner driven shaft and rotates around the main axis. The forming method comprises the following steps: placing the flaring punching blank on the supporting shaft, and pressing the flaring punching blank by a spinning upper die; the spinning wheel applies extrusion force to the rim of the flaring punched blank, and simultaneously feeds the rim along the outer wall molded line of the rim of the given spinning blank along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, after the spinning of a plurality of passes is repeated, the spinning blank is formed by eccentric spinning, and a root groove structure is formed; and (3) returning the spinning wheel to the initial position, opening the spinning upper die, moving the spinning blank to the right along the horizontal direction, then moving the spinning blank to the upper direction along the vertical direction, and taking out the spinning blank.

Description

Eccentric spinning forming method for aluminum alloy hub

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy for manufacturing aluminum alloy hubs, and relates to an eccentric spinning forming method for an aluminum alloy hub.

Background

The manufacturing process of the automobile aluminum alloy hub comprises casting, forging spinning, casting spinning and the like. At present, China has become the biggest manufacturing base of aluminum alloy hubs in the world, and the manufactured aluminum alloy hubs meet domestic requirements and are also exported abroad in large quantity, and are the first aluminum alloy hub export countries in the world.

However, the level of the manufacturing process of the aluminum alloy hub does not reach the international leading level, and some aluminum alloy hubs with special structures still need to be manufactured by turning or milling and cannot be manufactured by casting, forging and spinning processes. For example, the root groove structure at the joint of the spoke and the rim is generally machined, and the machining process cuts off a metal streamline at the root groove, so that the strength of the part is reduced, and the part is easy to fatigue and fail after the hub is in service for a long time.

Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop an eccentric spinning forming method for an aluminum alloy hub, so as to directly spin a root groove structure at the joint of a spoke and a rim, and when the surface is lathed, the lathed molded line is consistent with the direction of a metal streamline, so that the metal streamline at the root groove is not cut off, and the strength of the part is ensured. The requirements of automobiles on high-performance and light-weight aluminum alloy hubs are met, and the technical level of the aluminum alloy hub manufacturing industry in China is improved.

Through search, the following relevant patent documents are found:

an eccentric spinning shrinkage pipe structure (CN 201520223917.8) is characterized in that one end of a spinning die is provided with a spherical groove, jacks penetrating through two ends of the aperture die are arranged on the aperture die, the spinning die rotates around the center line of the jacks, and the edge of the spherical groove is aligned with the edge of the jack all the time. The end of the metal pipe of the same kind can be reduced to any caliber size from the outer diameter.

A spinning process (CN 201610978816.0) of a high-strength light aluminum alloy hub comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out X-ray flaw detection on a spinning blank with a spoke cast by gravity, and feeding the qualified spinning blank into a heating room for heating; (2) sleeving the heated spinning blank on a clamp and an inner spinning die which are driven by a main shaft of a spinning machine to rotate through a mechanical arm; (3) the spinning machine drives the spinning blank to rotate at a high speed, and a flame spraying device is arranged near the outer surface of the spinning blank to heat and preserve heat of the outer surface of the spinning blank; (4) the spinning roller applies pressure to the initial spinning part outside the rim of the spinning blank, and at least two spinning rollers are distributed on the periphery of the spinning blank at intervals; (5) after the spinning roller finishes one stroke, the spinning roller leaves the surface of the rim of the spinning blank and returns to the initial position to prepare for processing the next spinning blank; (6) taking down the formed hub from the spinning machine by using a mechanical arm, and carrying out cooling treatment and rim thickness detection; (7) and (3) performing finish machining or/and painting on the qualified hub.

The easy-to-detach aluminum alloy hub spinning die (CN 201220318902.6) is characterized in that a front die is matched with a coupler of a spinning machine, a tail top is matched with an ejector rod of the spinning machine, a blank is clamped between an ejection cover and the tail top, a disc spring is arranged between the front die and the ejection cover, the disc spring is abutted between the front die and a connecting pushing block, and the outer edge of the connecting pushing block is provided with an outer inclined plane; the rear die ring is fixed on the right side surface of the front die through a rear die screw, an inner inclined plane is arranged at the edge of the inner side of the rear die ring, and a dovetail groove is arranged at the edge of the outer side of the rear die ring; the easy-to-slip ring is of a split structure; meanwhile, the outer inclined plane is matched with the inner inclined plane, the dovetail groove is matched with the dovetail block, and the outer side face of the easy-to-slip ring is matched with the inner arc ring. The advantages are that: the ejection cover and the aluminum alloy hub blank are easy to separate.

A powerful spinning forming method for an aluminum alloy hub and a demolding mechanism (CN 201710398089.5) are disclosed, wherein a core mold structure comprises an inner core mold and an outer core mold sleeved outside the inner core mold, the demolding mechanism further comprises a fastening block used for being locked and fixed with the outer core mold which moves along a radial direction under stress, and a limiting telescopic mechanism used for pushing the core mold structure to move and driving the outer core mold to be separated from the fastening block. The inner core mold is of an inclined plane cylindrical structure, the outer core mold comprises a petal structure, and the inner inclined plane of the petal structure is coated on the circumferential outer inclined plane of the inner core mold. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, pushing a plate to a core mold structure through a tail top to be fixed, so that an inner core mold is extruded, and an outer core mold is stressed to move along a radial direction to be matched and locked with a fastening block; rotating the core mold structure to drive the tail top and the plate to rotate; and step three, forming the hub through a multi-wheel spinning process.

Through analysis, the content of the above patents is greatly different from the technical scheme of the present patent application.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the root groove structure at the joint of a spoke and a rim of the conventional aluminum alloy hub cannot be formed by spinning, and provides an eccentric spinning forming method of an aluminum alloy hub. The spinning forming process of the root groove structure is effectively realized, and the requirements of an automobile on a high-performance and light-weight aluminum alloy hub are met.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the eccentric spinning forming process for aluminum alloy hub includes mainly spinning upper mold, spinning lower mold, driving shaft, outer driven shaft, inner driven shaft, support shaft, core shaft, shaft sleeve, screw, etc. Wherein, the driving shaft is connected with the main shaft of the spinning machine, the outer driven shaft is connected with the eccentric thrust bearing of the spinning machine, and the inner driven shaft is connected with the rotary oil cylinder of the spinning machine; the spinning upper die is arranged on the driving shaft and rotates around the main axis under the driving of the driving shaft; the spinning lower die is arranged on the outer driven shaft, and the outer wall of the spinning lower die rotates around the eccentric axis when being subjected to tangential force; the supporting shaft is arranged on the inner driven shaft and rotates around the main axis along with the spinning upper die; the mandrel is arranged on the spinning upper die, the shaft sleeve is arranged on the supporting shaft, and the mandrel is matched with the shaft sleeve during die assembly. The flaring punched blank is placed on the supporting shaft, and the spinning upper die compresses the flaring punched blank. The rotary wheel can feed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction simultaneously, and can rotate around the axis of the rotary wheel when being subjected to tangential force; and (3) feeding the spinning blank along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction along the outer wall molded line of the rim of the given spinning blank while applying extrusion force to the rim of the flaring punching blank by the spinning wheel, repeating the spinning of a plurality of passes, and then eccentrically spinning to form the spinning blank and form a root groove structure.

The spinning upper die is coaxial with the supporting shaft.

The bottom surface of the spinning upper die follows the front surface of the flaring punching blank.

The eccentricity between the main axis and the eccentric axis, namely the eccentricity between the spinning upper die and the spinning lower die is 20-40 mm.

The spinning upper die and the spinning lower die rotate in the same direction, and the spinning wheel is opposite to the spinning upper die and the spinning lower die.

An eccentric spinning forming method of an aluminum alloy hub comprises the following steps:

placing a forged flaring and punching blank subjected to flaring and punching on a supporting shaft, moving a spinning upper die downwards to close the die, and pressing the flaring and punching blank; the core shaft extends into the shaft sleeve and is matched with the shaft sleeve, so that the spinning upper die is coaxial with the supporting shaft.

Step two, starting a main shaft of the spinning machine, driving the spinning upper die to rotate around the main shaft by a driving shaft, and enabling the flaring punched blank and the supporting shaft to be driven to rotate around the main shaft along with the spinning upper die; the outer wall of the spinning lower die is subjected to tangential force applied by the inner wall of the flaring punched blank rim, and rotates around the eccentric axis.

Feeding the spinning wheel leftwards to the spinning starting point along the horizontal direction, and contacting the spinning wheel with the outer wall of the rim of the flaring and punching blank; the outer wall of the spinning wheel is subjected to a reaction tangential force exerted by the outer wall of the rim of the flaring punching blank, and rotates around the axis of the spinning wheel.

Feeding the spinning wheel along the outer wall molded line of the rim of the given spinning blank in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction simultaneously, and applying extrusion force to the rim of the flaring punching blank; and after the spinning wheel feeds to the spinning ending point, the spinning wheel retreats rightwards and retreats to the spinning starting point to finish the spinning of one pass.

And step five, repeating the step three and the step four, completing the spinning of multiple passes, enabling the flaring punching blank to be eccentrically spun into a spinning blank, and forming a root groove structure.

Sixthly, the spinning wheel is retracted to the initial position, and the spindle of the spinning machine is stopped; and the spinning upper die moves upwards to open the die.

And step seven, clamping the rim of the spinning blank by the manipulator, moving the rim rightwards along the horizontal direction, then moving the rim upwards along the vertical direction, and taking out the spinning blank.

And step eight, repeating the step one to the step seven, and forming the next blank by eccentric spinning.

The forming process parameters of the forming method are as follows:

the rim reduction rate of each pass (except the last pass) is 15-25%, and the rim reduction rate of the last pass is less than or equal to 5%; the feeding amount of the rotary wheel is 0.5-1 mm/s; the rotating speed of the driving shaft is 10-15 r/s.

The distance of the spinning blank moving rightwards along the horizontal direction is equal to the eccentricity, namely the spinning blank moves rightwards along the horizontal direction to be coaxial with the spinning lower die.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

by adopting the forming method provided by the invention, the root groove structure at the joint of the spoke and the rim of the aluminum alloy hub is formed by spinning, the problem that a spinning blank with the root groove structure cannot be demoulded is solved, the structure is simple, and the universality is strong. The direct spinning root groove structure has the advantages that the turning molded line is consistent with the metal streamline direction during surface turning, the metal streamline at the root groove can not be cut off, the strength of the part is ensured, and the requirements of an automobile on high-performance and light-weight aluminum alloy hubs are met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process at the beginning of eccentric spin forming of the present invention and its die;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the process at the end of eccentric spin forming and its die of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the opening of the upper die of the eccentric spinning die of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing of the spinning blank of the present invention moving to the right;

FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of the spinning blank of the present invention moving up and out of the mold;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a forging blank using the forming method of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a flared punch blank using the forming method of the present invention;

figure 8 is a schematic drawing of a spun blank using the forming method of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the spinning machine comprises a driving shaft, 2, a spinning upper die, 3, a mandrel, 4, a shaft sleeve, 5, a spinning blank, 6, a supporting shaft, 7, a spinning lower die, 8, an outer driven shaft, 9, an inner driven shaft, 10, a spinning wheel, 11, a screw, 12, a screw, 13, a screw, 14, a screw, 15, a screw, 16, an eccentric distance, 17, a main axis, 18, an eccentric axis, 19, a spinning wheel axis, 20, a flaring punching blank, 21 and a root groove.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by specific embodiments in the following with reference to the attached drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the die of the present invention mainly comprises an upper spinning die 2, a lower spinning die 7, a driving shaft 1, an outer driven shaft 8, an inner driven shaft 9, a supporting shaft 6, a mandrel 3, a shaft sleeve 4,

screws

11, 12, 13, 14, 15, etc. Wherein, the driving shaft 1 is connected with a main shaft of the spinning machine, the outer driven shaft 8 is connected with an eccentric thrust bearing of the spinning machine, and the inner driven shaft 9 is connected with a rotary oil cylinder of the spinning machine; the spinning upper die 2 is arranged on the driving shaft 1 and rotates around the main axis 17 under the driving of the driving shaft 1; the spinning lower die 7 is arranged on the outer driven shaft 8, and the outer wall of the spinning lower die 7 rotates around the eccentric axis 18 when being subjected to tangential force; the supporting shaft 6 is arranged on the inner driven shaft 9 and rotates around the main axis 17 along with the spinning upper die 2; the core shaft 3 is arranged on the spinning upper die 2, the shaft sleeve 4 is arranged on the supporting shaft 6, and the core shaft 3 is matched with the shaft sleeve 4 during die assembly. The spinning upper die 2 is coaxial with the supporting shaft 6; the bottom surface of the spinning upper die 2 follows the front surface of the flaring punched blank 20. The eccentricity 16 between the main axis 17 and the eccentric axis 18, namely the eccentricity 16 between the spinning upper die 2 and the spinning lower die 7 is 20-40 mm. The spinning wheel 10 can be fed both horizontally and vertically and can rotate about the spinning wheel axis 19 when subjected to tangential forces.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the forming method of the present invention comprises the steps of:

step one, as shown in the attached drawing 1, placing a forged flaring and punching blank 20 on a supporting shaft 6, moving a spinning upper die 2 downwards to close the die, and pressing the flaring and punching blank 20; the core shaft 3 extends into the shaft sleeve 4 and is matched with the shaft sleeve 4, so that the spinning upper die 2 is coaxial with the supporting shaft 6.

Step two, starting a main shaft of the spinning machine, driving the driving shaft 1 to drive the spinning upper die 2 to rotate around the main shaft 17, and enabling the flaring punched blank 20 and the supporting shaft 6 to be driven to rotate around the main shaft 17 along with the spinning upper die 2; the outer wall of the spinning lower die 7 is subjected to tangential force exerted by the inner wall of the rim of the flaring punched blank 20 and rotates around the eccentric axis 18.

Step three, feeding the spinning wheel 10 to the spinning starting point leftwards along the horizontal direction, enabling the spinning wheel 10 to be in contact with the outer wall of the rim of the flaring and punching blank 20, and enabling the spinning wheel 10 to apply extrusion force to the rim of the flaring and punching blank 20; the outer wall of spinning wheel 10 is rotated about spinning wheel axis 19 by the reactive tangential force exerted by the outer wall of the rim of flared punch blank 20.

Step four, as shown in fig. 2, along the outer wall profile of the rim of the given spinning blank 5, the spinning wheel 10 feeds in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at the same time, and applies extrusion force to the rim of the flaring and punching blank 20; and after the spinning wheel 10 is fed to the spinning ending point, the spinning wheel is withdrawn rightwards and retreats to the spinning starting point, and the spinning of one pass is completed.

And step five, repeating the step three and the step four, completing the spinning of multiple passes, enabling the flaring punched blank 20 to be eccentrically spun into a spinning blank 5, and forming a root groove 21 structure.

Sixthly, the spinning wheel 10 is retracted to the initial position, and the spindle of the spinning machine is stopped; the spinning upper die 2 moves upwards to open the die as shown in figure 3.

And step seven, clamping the rim of the spinning blank 5 by a manipulator, moving the rim to the right along the horizontal direction as shown in the attached drawing 4 until the rim is coaxial with the spinning lower die 7, then moving the rim upwards along the vertical direction as shown in the attached drawing 5, and taking out the spinning blank 5.

And (4) transferring the spinning blank 5 to a subsequent process, and finally processing the spinning blank into an aluminum alloy hub finished product through the processes of heat treatment, mechanical processing, coating and the like.

The technical content not described in detail in this embodiment is the prior art.

The invention is described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, and its specific implementation is not limited to the above-described manner. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but may be modified in various ways without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The eccentric spinning forming process for aluminum alloy hub includes the main steps of spinning upper mold, spinning lower mold, driving shaft, outer driven shaft, inner driven shaft, support shaft, core shaft, shaft sleeve, screw, etc. the eccentric spinning forming process includes the following steps: the spinning upper die is arranged on the driving shaft and rotates around the main axis under the driving of the driving shaft; the spinning lower die is arranged on the outer driven shaft, and the outer wall of the spinning lower die rotates around the eccentric axis when being subjected to tangential force; the supporting shaft is arranged on the inner driven shaft and rotates around the main axis along with the spinning upper die; the mandrel is arranged on the spinning upper die, the shaft sleeve is arranged on the supporting shaft, and the mandrel is matched with the shaft sleeve during die assembly.

2. The eccentric spinning forming method of the aluminum alloy hub as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flaring punching blank is placed on the supporting shaft, the spinning upper die compresses the flaring punching blank, and the mandrel extends into the shaft sleeve and is matched with the shaft sleeve, so that the spinning upper die is coaxial with the supporting shaft; the flaring punched blank rotates around the main axis along with the spinning upper die, and the spinning wheel feeds along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction along the outer wall molded line of the rim of the given spinning blank while applying extrusion force on the rim of the flaring punched blank; after the spinning of a plurality of passes is repeated, eccentrically spinning to form a spinning blank and form a root groove structure; and (3) returning the spinning wheel to the initial position, opening the spinning upper die, moving the spinning blank to the right along the horizontal direction until the spinning blank is coaxial with the spinning lower die, and then moving the spinning blank upwards along the vertical direction to take out the spinning blank.

3. The eccentric spinning forming method of the aluminum alloy hub as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the eccentricity between the main axis and the eccentric axis, namely the eccentricity between the spinning upper die and the spinning lower die is 20-40 mm.