CN111087508A - Coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system based on amidino rare earth alkyl compound - Google Patents
Coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system based on amidino rare earth alkyl compound Download PDFInfo
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- rare earth
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- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- -1 amidino rare earth alkyl compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 83
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylzinc Chemical compound CC[Zn]CC HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 7
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-MZWXYZOWSA-N benzene-d6 Chemical compound [2H]C1=C([2H])C([2H])=C([2H])C([2H])=C1[2H] UHOVQNZJYSORNB-MZWXYZOWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910009523 YCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCMOZDDGXKIOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Y+3] PCMOZDDGXKIOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- WKBALTUBRZPIPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di(propan-2-yl)aniline Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1N WKBALTUBRZPIPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003739 carbamimidoyl group Chemical group C(N)(=N)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003211 cis-1,4-polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- UUFQTNFCRMXOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylmethylene Chemical compound C[CH] UUFQTNFCRMXOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBYDXOIZLAWGSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluorobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 BBYDXOIZLAWGSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEYHEAKUIGZSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxybenzoic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ZEYHEAKUIGZSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000899 Gutta-Percha Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000000342 Palaquium gutta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000588 gutta-percha Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- YNXURHRFIMQACJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;methanidylbenzene Chemical class [Li+].[CH2-]C1=CC=CC=C1 YNXURHRFIMQACJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002587 poly(1,3-butadiene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OSFBJERFMQCEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylidene Chemical compound [CH]CC OSFBJERFMQCEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002909 rare earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003212 trans-1,4-polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000685 trimethylsilyl polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F136/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/02—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/04—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F136/08—Isoprene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of conjugated olefin polymerization, and particularly relates to a coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system based on an amidino rare earth alkyl compound. The coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system based on the amidino rare earth alkyl compound uses a catalytic system consisting of a substituted amidino rare earth metal dialkyl catalyst, a chain transfer reagent and an organic boron salt as a cocatalyst, and carries out solution polymerization reaction on isoprene by taking saturated alkane as a solvent; the reaction temperature is from-20 ℃ to 70 ℃, and the method is suitable for industrial production. The conversion rate of active monomer for isoprene polymerization reaction catalyzed by the system of the invention can reach 100%, and the activity can reach 2.0 x 10 to the maximum4kg/mol. h, 3, 4-Selectivity of the productAdjustable between 70% ‒ 99%. The molecular weight of the product is adjustable between 20000 ‒ 2000000 and 2000000, and the molecular weight distribution is 1.5 ‒ 2.2.2. The catalytic isoprene polymerization system disclosed by the invention reveals a chain transfer phenomenon in the 3, 4-polyisoprene process, and has the potential of industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of conjugated olefin polymerization, and particularly relates to a coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system based on an amidino rare earth alkyl compound.
Background
PolyolefinsIs an important high molecular material, and the polyolefin industry is also an important prop industry of national economy and is an important mark of the development level of the national petrochemical industry. Different from polymers of monoolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene and the like, polymers of poly-conjugated olefins such as poly-1, 3-butadiene, polyisoprene and the like have irreplaceable important positions in practical production application, wherein the development of a high-efficiency and high-selectivity polyisoprene catalytic system is always a hotspot and difficulty in the field of olefin polymerization. The polyisoprenes can be divided, in terms of regioselectivity from the product, into 1, 2-, 1,4-, and 3, 4-polyisoprenes. Many of these compounds are important chemical and strategic materials. Such as cis-1, 4-polyisoprene (cis-1, 4 content)>99% and a number average molecular weight of about 2X 106g/mol) is a good substitute of natural rubber, trans-1, 4-polyisoprene, also called gutta-percha, has good insulativity, water resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, and can be applied to submarine cables and the like. 3, 4-polyisoprene is a rubber with good application potential. Research shows that along with the increase of the mass fraction of the 3,4 structure, the 3, 4-polyisoprene rubber has reduced resilience, improved oil resistance, water resistance and electrical property and is close to butyl rubber in the aspects of air permeability and water permeability. The increase in the content of the 3,4 structure is extremely significant in the improvement of the wet skid resistance, while the improvement of the heat buildup is not very significant. Therefore, the 3, 4-polyisoprene rubber with high 3,4 structural mass fraction has excellent wet skid resistance and relatively low rolling resistance, and is an ideal rubber compound for preparing high-performance tires. For example, Wolpers (reference: Wolpers, J. U.S. Pat. No. 5,104,941,1992) found that when 3, 4-polyisoprene rubber is used as a tread rubber for a tire, not only the wet skid resistance of the tire can be improved, but also the tire can maintain good low rolling resistance and abrasion resistance. At present, the incorporation of 3, 4-polyisoprene rubber in a certain amount into natural rubber or synthetic rubber is one of the important steps in tire manufacture. However, due to the restrictions of climate and geographical conditions, the natural rubber yield in China is not high, 70% of the natural rubber needs to be imported, the gap is about 220 ten thousand tons every year, and about 40% of the synthetic rubber needs to be imported. As can be seen from this, it is,the improvement of the generating capacity of the synthetic rubber industry is not only related to the national civilization, but also is closely related to the strategic safety of China.
The synthesis and large-scale production of 3, 4-polyisoprene has been a difficulty relative to the mature cis-1, 4-polyisoprene production process. From a laboratory perspective, at present, polyisoprene with high selectivity of 3,4 (more than 90%) is mostly obtained by catalytic polymerization of rare earth catalysts, and such catalytic systems are not common. From the industrial production perspective, the solvent of the polymerization system should have the characteristics of low toxicity, low boiling point, easy handling, easy recovery, etc., so n-hexane is a common solvent for industrial polymerization systems, but the solubility of many rare earth metal compounds in n-hexane is not good. Meanwhile, the polymerization reaction is exothermic, so that the system temperature is usually high in the production process, but the reaction selectivity is reduced at a high temperature. The existing high 3, 4-selectivity polyisoprene catalytic system takes n-hexane as a solvent or reacts at high temperature (the reference document: Chidong plum and the like,Organometallics2014,33, 684−691；Macromolecules2008,41,1983-1988) and still maintain the selectivity unchanged.
On the other hand, although the rare earth catalyst system can effectively catalyze the 3, 4-polymerization reaction of isoprene, the catalytic efficiency is not high, and therefore, adding a chain transfer reagent is a solution. Although there are a number of reports on the use of chain transfer agents in 1, 4-polyisoprene, there are few examples of the addition of chain transfer agents to 3, 4-polyisoprene systems (references: citizens et al,Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2011,50, 12012-12015). In consideration of the factors, a 3, 4-polyisoprene catalytic system which can use normal hexane as a solvent, is not very sensitive to temperature and has a controllable product molecular weight is developed and can provide potential help for large-scale industrial production of 3, 4-polyisoprene.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system based on amidino rare earth alkyl compounds, which has high catalytic efficiency and controllable product molecular weight.
The coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system based on the amidino rare earth alkyl compound uses a catalytic system consisting of a substituted amidino rare earth metal dialkyl catalyst (rare earth metal catalyst for short), a chain transfer reagent and an organic boron salt serving as a cocatalyst, and carries out solution polymerization reaction on isoprene by taking saturated alkane as a solvent; wherein:
the rare earth metal catalyst (also called complex) has the following structure:
formula 1
Wherein the R group may be: hydrocarbyl ((CH)2)n (n = 2~6)) Aryl (e.g., phenyl, substituted phenyl, etc.), rare earth metal (Ln) can be: scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y) and all lanthanides (e.g., lanthanum (La), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), lutetium (Lu), etc.).
The preferred rare earth metal (Ln) is Y, Lu or Sc.
The chain transfer agent may be Al i Bu3, AlEt3Or ZnEt2；
The organoborate reagent may be [ Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]；
The saturated alkane solvent can be one or more of n-hexane, cyclohexane and other solvents; preferably n-hexane;
in the system, the molar ratio of the chain transfer reagent to the rare earth metal catalyst is 1-400; preferably in a molar ratio of 1 to 250;
the mol ratio of the organic boron salt reagent to the rare earth metal catalyst is 1-10. Preferably the molar ratio is 1 to 5, more preferably 1;
the reaction temperature of the system is-20 ℃ to 70 ℃.
The ratio of monomeric isoprene to catalyst system is 100-120000, preferably 100-12000;
in the invention, the substituted amidino rare earth metal dialkyl catalyst is preferably a complex 1-5 shown in formula 2, formula 3 and formula 4:
complex 1
Formula 2
Ln = Y, Complex 2
Ln = Lu, Complex 3
Ln = Sc, complex 4
Formula 3
Complex 5
Formula 4
The invention also provides a synthesis method of the substituted amidino rare earth metal dialkyl catalyst (namely a ligand) for catalyzing isoprene polymerization, which comprises the following specific processes:
(1) synthesis of ligands
It is synthesized mainly by two ways:
first, in the case of an aliphatic substituent on the C amidino group, the ligand is obtained by reaction of the corresponding alkyllithium with a carbodiimide:
formula 5
Secondly, when the amidino group C is an aromatic substituent, the reaction is carried out by using carboxylic acid and aromatic amine under the catalysis of trimethylsilyl polyphosphate (PPSE):
formula 6
(2) Synthesis of the Complex
Reacting a ligand with butyl lithium, rare earth trichloride and substituted benzyl lithium in sequence to obtain the compound by a one-pot method:
formula 7
The catalytic system of the invention is used for catalyzing isoprene polymerization and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) drying of monomers and solvents:
using CaH to make monomer isoprene2Drying and steaming for later use; drying solvent n-hexane or cyclohexane with Na, and distilling off at normal pressure for later use;
(2) solution polymerization of isoprene:
under the anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions, a certain amount (more than or equal to 0.0085 mmol) of the substituted amidino rare earth metal dialkyl catalyst is put into a solanaceous bottle, a solvent is added for dissolution, a certain amount of monomer is weighed (the amount is adjusted according to the requirement), and 1.022-70g (15-1029 mmol) of isoprene is weighed and added into the bottle in a common experiment; then, an appropriate amount of a solution of triisobutylaluminum in n-hexane or cyclohexane (adjusted depending on the amount of the catalyst and the monomer) is added, and usually 40. mu.L to 15mL of a solution of triisobutylaluminum dissolved in n-hexane or cyclohexane at a concentration of 1M is used. Adding a solution of a promoter organic boron salt (more than or equal to 0.0085 mmol, generally used with an equivalent amount of a rare earth alkyl compound) into a dropping funnel;
assembling a dropping funnel and an eggplant-shaped bottle, keeping the system closed, moving out of a glove box, placing in a water bath or oil bath pan at 25-70 ℃, opening a cock of the dropping funnel, immediately dropping a cocatalyst into the solution, and violently stirring for reaction;
(3) and (3) terminating the reaction: quickly adding a certain amount of ethanol into the system until the solid is completely separated out; drying the obtained solid in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at 50-60 deg.C to constant weight.
The molecular weight of the obtained polyisoprene was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC, Waters 4101515-2707-2414 system). The content of 3, 4-structures in the polyisoprene was calculated from the NMR spectra.
Has the advantages that: the coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system of the amidino rare earth alkyl compound of the invention catalyzes isoprene polymerization reaction, the conversion rate of active monomers can reach 100 percent, and the activity can reach 2.0 multiplied by 10 to the maximum4kg/mol. h, the 3, 4-selectivity of the product can be adjusted between 70% ‒ 99%. The ratio of monomer to catalyst can reach up to 1200000. The molecular weight of the product can be adjusted between 20000 ‒ 2000000 and 2000000, and the molecular weight distribution is 1.5 ‒ 2.2.2. The catalytic isoprene polymerization system disclosed by the invention reveals a chain transfer phenomenon in the 3, 4-polyisoprene process, has the potential of industrial production, and has both theoretical and practical meanings.
Detailed Description
Example 1
And (3) synthesizing the complex 1. 0.36 g (1 mmol) of carbodiimide was weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle and dissolved in 10mL of tetrahydrofuran, and then a dropping funnel was connected thereto, 10mL of n-hexane was added to the funnel, and 0.4 mL of a 2.5M n-butyllithium n-hexane solution was added by a syringe. The funnel was opened and the solution was allowed to drip off within 5 min. The reaction was quenched with water for 3 h, then the product was extracted with ethyl acetate, spin dried and recrystallized from n-hexane to give colorless crystals 0.400 g with 95% yield. Drying the colorless crystals, placing in a glove box, adding 0.21 g (0.5 mmol) into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle, adding 15mL tetrahydrofuran to dissolve, slowly adding 0.2 mL n-butyllithium n-hexane solution with concentration of 2.5M with a syringe, reacting for 2 h, slowly adding the light yellow solution into solvated YCl3(98 mg, 0.5 mmol) and after 2 h of reaction the system became clear at which time o-N, N-dimethylbenzyl lithium (141 mg, 1 mmol) dissolved in 10mL of tetrahydrofuran was added and the reaction was continued for 2 h. The solvent was drained and recrystallized from n-hexane to give 318 mg of pale yellow crystals in 82% yield.1H NMR (400 MHz, C6D6,25oC): δ =7.20-7.05 (m, 6H, Ar),7.01-6.86 (m, 4H, Ar), 6.61-6.46 (m,4H, Ar), 3.61 (brs, 4H,CH(CH3)2), 2.32 (brs, 12H, NMe 2), 1.75 (br s, 4H, CH 2C6H4NMe2), 1.32 (d, 24H,J= 8 Hz, CHMe 2 ), 0.94 (m, 2H, CH3CH2CH 2CH2), 0.68 (m, 2H, CH3CH 2CH2CH2), 0.47 (t,3H,J= 4 Hz, CH 3CH2CH2CH2),13C NMR (100MHz, C6D6, 25oC): δ = 174.84 (NCN),144.65(s, Ar), 143.92(s, Ar), 142.53(s, Ar), 142.30(s, Ar), 128.44(s, Ar),126.64(s, Ar), 124.60(s, Ar), 123.67(s, Ar), 120.14(s, Ar), 118.36(s, Ar),46.26(d,1 J Y-C= 30 Hz,CH2C6H4NMe2-o), 45.67 (br s, CH2C6H4NMe 2-o), 31.86 (s,CH2CNN), 28.25 (br s,CHMe2), 26.84 (s, CH3CH2 CH2CH2), 24.64 (br s,CHMe 2),24.14 (brs, CHMe 2), 23.18(s, CH3 CH2CH2CH2), 13.39 (s,CH3CH2CH2CH2).。
Example 2
And (3) synthesizing the complex 2. In a 100 mL reaction flask, PPSE (about 67 mmol), p-methoxybenzoic acid (1.14 g, 7.5 mmol) and 2.82 mL of 2, 6-diisopropylaniline were added, reacted at 160 ℃ for 6 h, stirred with 1.5M sodium hydroxide solution, extracted with ethyl acetate and recrystallized from n-hexane to give 3.2 g of colorless crystals, 90% yield. Drying the colorless crystals, placing in a glove box, adding 0.235 g (0.5 mmol) into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle, adding 15mL tetrahydrofuran to dissolve, slowly adding 0.2 mL n-butyllithium n-hexane solution with concentration of 2.5M by using a syringe, reacting for 2 h, and slowly adding the light yellow solution into solvated YCl3(98 mg, 0.5 mmol) and after 2 h of reaction the system became clear at which time o-N, N-dimethylbenzyl lithium (141 mg, 1 mmol) dissolved in 10mL of tetrahydrofuran was added and the reaction was continued for 2 h. Solvent is drainedAnd recrystallizing with a mixed solvent of n-hexane and toluene to obtain 350 mg of light yellow crystals with the yield of 85%.1H NMR (400 MHz, C6D6,25oC): δ =7.29-6.93 (m, 12H, Ar),6.64-6.51 (m, 4H, Ar), 6.29 (m, 2H, Ar),4.28 (brs, 2H, CH(CH3)2), 3.14 (brs, 2H, CH(CH3)2), 2.91 (s, 3H, OMe), 2.35(br s, 14H, NMe 2+ CH 2C6H4NMe2), 2.00 (br s, 2H, CH 2C6H4NMe2), 1.64 (brs, 12H,CHMe 2 ), 0.97 (br s, 6H, CHMe 2 ), 0.25 (br s, 6H, CHMe 2 ),13CNMR (100MHz, C6D6,25oC): δ = 172.98 (NCN), 160.05(s, Ar), 144.89 (s, Ar), 144.09 (s, Ar),141.98 (s, Ar), 141.22 (s, Ar), 132.57 (s, Ar), 128.49 (s, Ar), 126.71 (s,Ar), 124.17 (s, Ar), 119.99(s, Ar), 118.32(s, Ar), 112.07(s, Ar), 54.05 (s,OMe), 46.80(d,1 J Y-C= 21 Hz,CH2C6H4NMe2-o), 45.21 (br s, CH2C6H4NMe 2-o), 29.63(br s,CHMe2), 27.67(br s,CHMe2), 24.58(br s, CHMe 2), 23.03 (br s, CHMe 2).。
Example 3
And (3) synthesizing a complex 5. In a 100 mL reaction flask, PPSE (about 67 mmol), p-fluorobenzoic acid (1.05 g, 7.5 mmol) and 2.82 mL of 2, 6-diisopropylaniline were added, reacted at 160 ℃ for 6 h, stirred with 1.5M sodium hydroxide solution, extracted with ethyl acetate and recrystallized from n-hexane to give 3.1 g of pale yellow crystals, 90% yield. Drying the light yellow crystal, adding 0.230 g (0.5 mmol) into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle in a glove box, adding 15mL tetrahydrofuran to dissolve, slowly adding 0.2 mL n-butyllithium n-hexane solution with concentration of 2.5M by using a syringe, reacting for 2 h, and slowly adding the light yellow solution into the solvated YCl3(98 mg, 0.5 mmol) and after 2 h of reaction the system became clear at which time o-N, N-dimethylbenzyl lithium (141 mg, 1 mmol) dissolved in 10mL of tetrahydrofuran was added and the reaction was continued for 2 h. The solvent was drained and recrystallized from n-hexane to give 252 mg of pale yellow crystals with a yield of 62%.1H NMR (400 MHz, C6D6,25oC): δ =7.40-6.80(m, 12H, Ar),6.70-6.49 (m, 4H, Ar), 6.31-6.19 (m, 2H, Ar), 4.17 (brs, 2H, CH(CH3)2), 2.94 (brs, 2H, CH(CH3)2), 2.29 (br s, 12H, NMe 2), 1.90 (br s, 4H,CH 2C6H4NMe2), 1.54(brs, 12H, CHMe 2 ), 0.88 (br s, 6H, CHMe 2 ), 0.10 (br s, 6H,CHMe 2 ),13C NMR (100MHz, C6D6, 25oC): δ = 171.87 (NCN), 163.78 (s, Ar), 161.27(s, Ar), 144.34 (s, Ar), 143.87 (s, Ar), 142.09 (s, Ar), 141.15 (s, Ar),132.96 (d,J= 8 Hz, Ar), 128.68 (s, Ar), 126.78 (s, Ar), 124.39 (s, Ar),120.12 (s, Ar), 118.33 (s, Ar), 113.70 (d,J= 20 Hz, Ar), 46.86 (d,1 J Y-C= 30Hz,CH2C6H4NMe2-o), 45.20 (br s, CH2C6H4NMe 2-o), 29.39 (br s,CHMe2), 27.41 (brs,CHMe2), 24.36 (br s, CHMe 2), 22.93 (br s, CHMe 2).。
Example 4
Catalytic polymerization of isoprene. 15.5 mg (0.02 mmol) of complex 1 was weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle, dissolved in 8 mL of n-hexane, 1.022 g (15 mmol) of isoprene was weighed out and added thereto, and 200. mu.L of 1M Al was injected by syringeiBu3N-hexane solution was injected into the mixture. 18.5 mg (0.02 mmol) [ Ph3C ] were weighed][B(C6F5)4](cocatalyst support), a dropping funnel was added, together with 2 mL of n-hexane. After placing the system in a water bath at 25 ℃ for 5 min, the cock is opened, and the turbid liquid of the rate is completely dropped into the eggplant-shaped bottle. After 20 min, stirringThen, slowly dropwise adding ethanol until the solid is completely separated out. The liquid was decanted off and the 3, 4-polyisoprene obtained was a white solid. The polymer is dried to constant weight in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ to obtain the net yield of 1.020 g of polymer and the conversion rate is about 100 percent. By GPC analysis, a single peak can be obtained, with a molecular weight: 10.3 ten thousand, molecular weight distribution: 1.4. the content of 3, 4-structure was 95% by NMR analysis.
Example 5
Catalytic polymerization of isoprene. 16.5 mg (0.02 mmol) of complex 2 was weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle, dissolved in 8 mL of n-hexane, 1.022 g (15 mmol) of isoprene was weighed out and added thereto, and 100. mu.L of 1M Al was injected by syringeiBu3N-hexane solution was injected into the mixture. 18.5 mg (0.02 mmol) [ Ph3C ] were weighed][B(C6F5)4](cocatalyst support), a dropping funnel was added, together with 2 mL of n-hexane. After placing the system in a water bath at 25 ℃ for 5 min, the cock is opened, and the turbid liquid of the rate is completely dropped into the eggplant-shaped bottle. After 20 min, slowly dropwise adding ethanol under stirring until the solid is completely precipitated. The liquid was decanted off and the 3, 4-polyisoprene obtained was a white solid. Drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the net yield of the polymer of 1.021 g and the conversion rate of about 100 percent. By GPC analysis, a single peak can be obtained, with a molecular weight: 17.6 ten thousand, molecular weight distribution: 1.6. the content of 3, 4-structure was 95% by NMR analysis.
If the amount of triisobutylaluminum is adjusted, a decrease in molecular weight can be observed, which is summarized in Table 1:
example 6
Catalytic polymerization of isoprene. 16.5 mg (0.02 mmol) of complex 2 are weighed into a 1L three-necked flask, dissolved in 500 mL of n-hexane, 50 g (734 mmol) of isoprene are weighed into the flask, and 1 mL of 1M Al is added by syringeiBu3N-hexane solution was injected into the mixture. 18.5 mg (0.02 mmol) [ Ph3C ] were weighed][B(C6F5)4](cocatalyst support), a dropping funnel is added,simultaneously, 10mL of n-hexane was added. After placing the system in a water bath at 25 ℃ for 5 min, the stopcock is opened, and the turbid solution of the borate is dropped into the three-necked bottle. After 4.5 h, ethanol was slowly added dropwise with stirring until the solid completely precipitated. The liquid was decanted off and the 3, 4-polyisoprene obtained was a white solid. The polymer was dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ to constant weight to give a net yield of 48.4 g with a conversion of about 97%. By GPC analysis, a single peak can be obtained, with a molecular weight: 80.7 ten thousand, molecular weight distribution: 1.9. the content of 3, 4-structure was 94% by NMR analysis.
Example 7
Catalytic polymerization of isoprene. 16.5 mg (0.02 mmol) of complex 2 was weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle, dissolved in 8 mL of n-hexane, 1.022 g (15 mmol) of isoprene was weighed out and added thereto, and 200. mu.L of 1M Al was injected by syringeiBu3N-hexane solution was injected into the mixture. 18.5 mg (0.02 mmol) [ Ph3C ] were weighed][B(C6F5)4](cocatalyst support), a dropping funnel was added, together with 2 mL of n-hexane. After the system was put in an oil bath at 70 ℃ for 5 min, the cock was opened, and the turbid liquid of the rate was dropped into the eggplant-shaped bottle. After 15 min, slowly adding ethanol dropwise under stirring until the solid is completely precipitated. The liquid was decanted off and the 3, 4-polyisoprene obtained was a white solid. The polymer was dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ to constant weight to give a net polymer yield of 1.022 g with a conversion of about 100%. By GPC analysis, a single peak can be obtained, with a molecular weight: 8.7 ten thousand, the molecular weight distribution is: 1.6. the content of 3, 4-structure was 76% by NMR analysis.
Example 8
Catalytic polymerization of isoprene. 7 mg (0.0085 mmol) of complex 2 are weighed into a 1L three-necked flask, dissolved in 500 mL of n-hexane, 70g (1029 mmol) of isoprene are weighed into the flask, and 850. mu.L of 1M Al is introduced by means of a syringeiBu3N-hexane solution was injected into the mixture. Weigh 8 mg (0.0085 mmol) [ Ph3C ]][B(C6F5)4](cocatalyst support), a dropping funnel was added, together with 10mL of n-hexane. After the system was put in an oil bath at 50 ℃ for 5 min, the cock was opened, and the turbid solution of the borate was dropped into a three-necked flask. After 12 h, slowly dropwise adding ethanol while stirringUntil the solid completely precipitated. The liquid was decanted off and the 3, 4-polyisoprene obtained was a white solid. The polymer was dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ to constant weight to give a net yield of 66.3 g with a conversion of about 95%. By GPC analysis, a single peak can be obtained, with a molecular weight: 122 ten thousand, the molecular weight distribution is: 2.2. the content of 3, 4-structure was 82% by NMR analysis.
Example 9
Catalytic polymerization of isoprene. 16.3 mg (0.02 mmol) of complex 5 was weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle, dissolved in 8 mL of n-hexane, 1.022 g (15 mmol) of isoprene was weighed out and added thereto, and 100. mu.L of 1M Al was injected by syringeiBu3N-hexane solution was injected into the mixture. 18.5 g (0.02 mmol) [ Ph3C ] were weighed][B(C6F5)4](cocatalyst support), a dropping funnel was added, together with 2 mL of n-hexane. After placing the system in a water bath at 25 ℃ for 5 min, the cock is opened, and the turbid liquid of the rate is completely dropped into the eggplant-shaped bottle. After 20 min, slowly dropwise adding ethanol under stirring until the solid is completely precipitated. The liquid was decanted off and the 3, 4-polyisoprene obtained was a white solid. Drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the net yield of the polymer of 1.021 g and the conversion rate of about 100 percent. By GPC analysis, a single peak can be obtained, with a molecular weight: 16.1 ten thousand, molecular weight distribution: 1.6. the content of 3, 4-structure was 95% by NMR analysis.
Example 10
Catalytic polymerization of isoprene. 18.3 mg (0.02 mmol) of complex 3 was weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle, dissolved in 8 mL of n-hexane, 1.022 g (15 mmol) of isoprene was weighed out and added thereto, and 100. mu.L of 1M Al was injected by syringeiBu3N-hexane solution was injected into the mixture. 18.5 g (0.02 mmol) [ Ph3C ] were weighed][B(C6F5)4](cocatalyst support), a dropping funnel was added, together with 2 mL of n-hexane. After placing the system in a water bath at 25 ℃ for 5 min, the cock is opened, and the turbid liquid of the rate is completely dropped into the eggplant-shaped bottle. After 20 min, slowly dropwise adding ethanol under stirring until the solid is completely precipitated. The liquid was decanted off and the 3, 4-polyisoprene obtained was a white solid. Drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 deg.C to constant weight to obtain polymer net yield of 1.019 gThe conversion rate was about 100%. By GPC analysis, a single peak can be obtained, with a molecular weight: 6.7 ten thousand, the molecular weight distribution is: 2.1. the content of 3, 4-structure was 96% by NMR analysis.
Example 11
Catalytic polymerization of isoprene. 15.7 mg (0.02 mmol) of complex 3 was weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant-shaped bottle, dissolved in 8 mL of n-hexane, 1.022 g (15 mmol) of isoprene was weighed out and added thereto, and 100. mu.L of 1M Al was injected by syringeiBu3N-hexane solution was injected into the mixture. 18.5 mg (0.02 mmol) [ Ph3C ] were weighed][B(C6F5)4](cocatalyst support), a dropping funnel was added, together with 2 mL of n-hexane. After placing the system in a water bath at 25 ℃ for 5 min, the cock is opened, and the turbid liquid of the rate is completely dropped into the eggplant-shaped bottle. After 20 min, slowly dropwise adding ethanol under stirring until the solid is completely precipitated. The liquid was decanted off and the 3, 4-polyisoprene obtained was a white solid. The polymer was dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ to constant weight to give a net polymer yield of 0.75 g with a conversion of about 74%. By GPC analysis, a single peak can be obtained, with a molecular weight: 7.7 ten thousand, the molecular weight distribution is: 2.0. the content of 3, 4-structure was 98% by NMR analysis.
Claims (5)
1. A coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system based on amidino rare earth alkyl compounds is characterized in that a catalytic system consisting of substituted amidino rare earth metal dialkyl catalysts (rare earth metal catalysts for short), a chain transfer reagent and organic boron salts used as cocatalysts is used, and saturated alkane is used as a solvent for solution polymerization reaction of isoprene; wherein:
the rare earth metal catalyst, also called complex, has the following structure:
formula 1
Wherein the R group is: hydrocarbyl ((CH)2)n (n = 2~6)) Aryl, rare earth metals (Ln) are: scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y) and all lanthanumIs an element of the series;
the chain transfer agent is Al i Bu3、 AlEt3Or ZnEt2；
The organoborate reagent is [ Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]；
The saturated alkane solvent is one or more of n-hexane, cyclohexane and other solvents.
2. The amidino rare earth alkyl compound-based coordinative chain transfer polyisoprene system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the chain transfer agent to the rare earth metal catalyst is in the range of 1 to 400;
the mol ratio of the organic boron salt reagent to the rare earth metal catalyst is 1-10.
3. The amidino rare earth alkyl compound-based coordinative chain transfer polyisoprene system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reaction temperature is-20 ℃ to 70 ℃; the ratio of monomeric isoprene to catalyst system was 100-120000.
4. The coordination chain transfer polyisoprene system based on amidino rare earth alkyl compound according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the substituted amidino rare earth metal dialkyl catalyst is preferably a complex 1 to 5 represented by formula 2, formula 3, formula 4:
complex 1
Formula 2
Ln = Y, Complex 2
Ln = Lu, Complex 3
Ln = Sc, complex 4
Formula 3
Complex 5
And (4) formula 4.
5. Use of a catalytic system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for the polymerization of isoprene, characterized by the particular steps of
(1) Drying of monomers and solvents:
using CaH to make monomer isoprene2Drying and steaming for later use; drying solvent n-hexane or cyclohexane with Na, and distilling off at normal pressure for later use;
(2) solution polymerization of isoprene:
under the anhydrous and anaerobic conditions, putting a certain amount of the substituted amidino rare earth metal dialkyl catalyst with the mole number more than or equal to 0.0085 mmol into a solanaceous bottle, adding a solvent for dissolving, and weighing 1.022-70g of monomer isoprene with the mole number of 15-1029 mmol and adding the monomer isoprene; then adding 40 mu L-15 mL of triisobutyl aluminum solution with the concentration of 1M dissolved in the solvent; adding a cocatalyst organic boron salt solution with the mole number of more than or equal to 0.0085 mmol into a dropping funnel;
assembling a dropping funnel and an eggplant-shaped bottle, keeping the system closed, moving out of a glove box, placing in a water bath or oil bath pan at 25-70 ℃, opening a cock of the dropping funnel, immediately dropping a cocatalyst into the solution, and violently stirring for reaction;
(3) and (3) terminating the reaction: quickly adding a certain amount of ethanol into the system until the solid is completely separated out; drying the obtained solid in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at 50-60 deg.C to constant weight.
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| US20100286350A1 (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2010-11-11 | Dongmei Cui | Bi-component catalyst system for isoprene or butadiene cis 1, 4-polymerization and polymerization process |
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