CN111084046A - Cherry breeding method - Google Patents
Cherry breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111084046A CN111084046A CN201911350936.6A CN201911350936A CN111084046A CN 111084046 A CN111084046 A CN 111084046A CN 201911350936 A CN201911350936 A CN 201911350936A CN 111084046 A CN111084046 A CN 111084046A
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- cherry
- cherries
- cultivating
- scion
- propagating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a cherry breeding method, which comprises the steps of obtaining nontoxic elite cherries by detoxification culture of introduced high-quality cherry varieties, and obtaining scions by culturing the nontoxic elite cherries; cultivating and collecting a family cherry stock, grafting the scion to the family cherry stock, and cultivating and breeding to obtain the grafted seedling; collecting young and tender branches of the non-toxic original cherry, removing base leaves, cleaning the young and tender branches to form an explant stem, sterilizing the surface for 4-6min by using 0.05-0.2% hydrochloric acid solution, cleaning the explant stem, and then culturing and propagating to obtain the non-toxic original cherry. According to the cherry cultivation and propagation method, propagation conditions such as cuttage, grafting and tissue culture are optimized for the stocks through the cherries, and the obtained cherry fruits are large in size, sour and sweet in taste and high in soluble solid content.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a cherry cultivation and propagation method.
Background
The problems of monotonous variety, unreasonable collocation, poor fruit quality and slow variety updating exist in the production of fruit trees such as cherries, competitive varieties are lacked, and the international market competitiveness is poor. There are several major problems in fruit tree production: the international introduction is less, the investment is large, the period is long, although some cherries introduced from abroad are introduced, the variety is less, the introduction force is not enough, the importance of the stock is ignored, the variety really applied to the mass production is less, and the introduction utilization rate is lower. The research on foreign introduction production technology is not detailed, and the production still takes the traditional cultivation mode and technology as the main points; in addition, fruit tree virus diseases are increasingly harmful to production.
In summary, in the prior art, the cherry culturing and propagating method has the defects of low efficiency, high cost and poor fruit quality of the fruit trees obtained from the cultured fruit trees, and the difference of grafted seedlings is great, and further improvement is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a cherry cultivating and breeding method, which aims to solve the problems of poor quality of cherry fruits and low cultivating and breeding efficiency in the prior art due to the fruit cherry cultivating and breeding method.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a cultivation and propagation method of cherries comprises the steps of obtaining non-toxic original species cherries by detoxification cultivation of introduced high-quality cherry varieties, and obtaining scions by cultivation of the non-toxic original species cherries; and
cultivating and collecting a family cherry stock, grafting the scion onto the family cherry stock, and cultivating and breeding to obtain the grafted seedling;
collecting young and tender branches of the non-toxic original cherry, removing base leaves, cleaning the young and tender branches to form an explant stem, sterilizing the surface for 4-6min by using 0.05-0.2% hydrochloric acid solution, cleaning the explant stem, and then culturing and propagating to obtain the non-toxic original cherry.
Preferably, the culture medium adopted by the stem section of the explant adopts MS culture medium, wherein cytokinin and plant growth regulator are added into the MS culture medium, and the MS culture medium is sterilized at the temperature of 120 ℃.
Preferably, the length of the stem section of the explant is 1-3 cm.
Preferably, the environment temperature for the stem section culture of the explant is 25 +/-2 ℃, the light intensity is 2000 and 2500lx, and the light irradiation is carried out for 14-18h every day.
Preferably, after tissue culture and detoxification culture propagation of the domestic cherry rootstock, 10-15cm of rootstock scion is taken, basal leaves and 2-3cm lignification parts are cut off, the bottom of the rootstock scion is obliquely cut by 40-50 degrees, so that the bottom of the rootstock scion is semi-lignified, and 2-4 leaves are reserved at the top.
Preferably, the cultivation temperature of the stock scion is 20-30 ℃, the humidity is 70% -80%, the shading rate is 75%, and the stock scion is sprayed with chlorothalonil every other week for disinfection.
Preferably, the process of grafting the scion to the cherry rootstock comprises the following steps:
the scion is grafted at the position 8-15cm away from the ground of the domestic cherry rootstock, the row spacing of the domestic cherry rootstock is 30-50cm, and the plant spacing is 10-20 cm;
the environment temperature for culturing and propagating is 25-30 ℃, and the humidity is 54-60%.
Preferably, the grafted seedling can be stored in a refrigeration house after being cultured to the height of 1.8-2.2m and the diameter of 1.0-2 cm.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the cherry cultivating and propagating method, high-quality varieties and stocks of cherry fruit trees are introduced, greenhouse and bare land cultivation is carried out, varieties and stocks which are suitable for local growth and have useful values are screened, and propagation conditions such as cuttage, grafting and tissue culture of the stocks are optimized through cherries, so that the obtained cherry fruits are large in size, sour and sweet in taste and high in soluble solid content; the breeding method provided by the embodiment of the invention is fast and efficient in the test processes of grafting, high grafting, detoxification, tissue culture breeding of the variety, and has the advantages of low cost in the breeding process, good consistency of grafted nursery stocks and small difference.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a photograph of fruits bearing grafted cherries cultivated by the cherry cultivating and propagating method according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a cherry breeding method, which comprises the steps of obtaining nontoxic elite cherries by detoxification culture of introduced high-quality cherry varieties, and obtaining scions by culturing the nontoxic elite cherries; cultivating and collecting a family cherry stock, grafting the scion to the family cherry stock, and cultivating and breeding to obtain a cherry grafted seedling; the method comprises the steps of collecting young and tender branches of nontoxic elite cherries, removing basal leaves, cleaning the young and tender branches to form explant stems, sterilizing the surfaces of the explant stems for 4-6min by using 0.05-0.2% hydrochloric acid solution, cleaning the explant stems, and then culturing and propagating to obtain the nontoxic elite cherries.
The culture medium adopted by the stem section of the explant adopts an MS culture medium, wherein cytokinin and a plant growth regulator are added into the MS culture medium, and the MS culture medium is sterilized at the temperature of 120 ℃. The length of the explant stem is 1-3 cm. The environment temperature for culturing the explant stem section is 25 +/-2 ℃, the light intensity is 2000 and 2500lx, and the light irradiation is carried out for 14-18h every day.
After tissue culture, detoxification, culture and propagation of domestic cherry stocks, 10-15cm stock scion is taken, basal leaves and 2-3cm lignification parts are cut off, the bottom of the stock scion is obliquely cut by 40-50 degrees, so that the bottom of the stock scion is semi-lignified, and 2-4 leaves are reserved at the top. The culture temperature of the rootstock scion is 20-30 ℃, the humidity is 70% -80%, the shading rate is 75%, and the rootstock scion is sprayed with chlorothalonil every other week for disinfection.
The process of grafting the scion to the domestic cherry rootstock comprises the following steps: grafting the scion at a position 8-15cm away from the ground of the domestic cherry rootstock, wherein the row spacing of the domestic cherry rootstock is 30-50cm, and the plant spacing is 10-20 cm; the environment temperature for culturing and propagating is 25-30 ℃, and the humidity is 54-60%.
After the cherry grafted seedling is cultured to the height of 1.8-2.2m and the diameter of 1.0-2cm, the grafted seedling can be stored in a cold storage.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a cherry breeding method, which comprises the steps of obtaining nontoxic elite cherries by detoxification culture of introduced high-quality cherry varieties, and obtaining scions by culturing the nontoxic elite cherries; cultivating and collecting a family cherry stock, grafting the scion to the family cherry stock, and cultivating and breeding to obtain a cherry grafted seedling; the method comprises the steps of collecting young and tender branches of non-toxic original cherries, removing base leaves, cleaning the young and tender branches to form explant stems, sterilizing the surfaces of the explant stems for 6min by using 0.2% hydrochloric acid solution, cleaning the explant stems, and then breeding to obtain the non-toxic original cherries.
The culture medium adopted by the stem section of the explant adopts an MS culture medium, wherein cytokinin and a plant growth regulator are added into the MS culture medium, and the MS culture medium is sterilized at the temperature of 120 ℃. The length of the explant stem is 1-3 cm. The ambient temperature for culturing the explant stem section is 27 ℃, the light intensity is 2500lx, and the light irradiation is carried out for 18h every day.
After the domestic cherry rootstock is subjected to tissue culture, detoxification, culture and propagation, a 15cm rootstock scion is taken, basal leaves and a 3cm lignification part are cut off, the bottom of the rootstock scion is obliquely cut by 50 degrees, so that the bottom of the rootstock scion is semi-lignified, and 4 leaves are reserved at the top. The cultivation temperature of the stock scion is 30 ℃, the humidity is 80%, the shading rate is 75%, and the stock scion is sprayed with chlorothalonil every other week for disinfection.
The process of grafting the scion to the domestic cherry rootstock comprises the following steps: grafting the scion at a position 8-15cm away from the ground of the domestic cherry rootstock, wherein the row spacing of the domestic cherry rootstock is 50cm, and the plant spacing is 20 cm; the temperature of the environment for culturing and breeding is 30 ℃, and the humidity is 60%.
After the cherry grafted seedling is cultured to the height of 2.2m and the diameter of 2cm, the grafted seedling can be stored in a refrigeration house.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a cherry breeding method, which comprises the steps of obtaining nontoxic elite cherries by detoxification culture of introduced high-quality cherry varieties, and obtaining scions by culturing the nontoxic elite cherries; cultivating and collecting a family cherry stock, grafting the scion to the family cherry stock, and cultivating and breeding to obtain a cherry grafted seedling; the method comprises the steps of collecting young and tender branches of non-toxic original cherries, removing base leaves, cleaning the young and tender branches to form explant stems, sterilizing the surfaces of the explant stems for 5min by using 0.1% hydrochloric acid solution, cleaning the explant stems, and then breeding to obtain the non-toxic original cherries.
The culture medium adopted by the stem section of the explant adopts an MS culture medium, wherein cytokinin and a plant growth regulator are added into the MS culture medium, and the MS culture medium is sterilized at the temperature of 120 ℃. The length of the explant stem was 2 cm. The ambient temperature for culturing the explant stem section is 26 ℃, the light intensity is 2200lx, and the light irradiation is carried out for 16h every day.
After tissue culture, detoxification, culture and propagation of domestic cherry rootstocks, taking 12cm rootstock scions, cutting off base leaves and 2.5cm lignification parts, beveling the bottoms of the rootstock scions by 45 degrees, enabling the bottoms of the rootstock scions to be semi-lignified, and reserving 3 leaves at the tops. The cultivation temperature of the stock scion is 25 ℃, the humidity is 75%, the shading rate is 75%, and the stock scion is sprayed with chlorothalonil every other week for disinfection.
The process of grafting the scion to the domestic cherry rootstock comprises the following steps: grafting the scion at the position 13cm away from the ground of the domestic cherry rootstock, wherein the row spacing of the domestic cherry rootstock is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 15 cm; the temperature of the environment for culturing and breeding is 28 ℃, and the humidity is 58%.
After the cherry grafted seedling is cultured to the height of 2m and the diameter of 1.5cm, the grafted seedling can be stored in a refrigeration house.
As shown in fig. 1, the grafted cherry seedling obtained in example 1 of the present invention was cultivated to obtain a cherry fruit having purple red peel, deep red flesh, hard flesh and juicy flesh. The average weight of each cherry is 9g, the maximum weight of the cherry is 10.2g, the soluble solid content of the cherry is 18%, and the taste is sour and sweet. Mature in late 6 months. The cherries bred by the embodiment of the invention have large fruit size, good quality, large yield and good fruit color.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. A cultivation and propagation method of cherries is characterized by comprising the steps of obtaining non-toxic original species cherries by detoxification cultivation of introduced high-quality cherry varieties, and obtaining scions by cultivation of the non-toxic original species cherries; and
cultivating and collecting a family cherry stock, grafting the scion onto the family cherry stock, and cultivating and breeding to obtain the grafted seedling;
collecting young and tender branches of the non-toxic original cherry, removing base leaves, cleaning the young and tender branches to form an explant stem, sterilizing the surface for 4-6min by using 0.05-0.2% hydrochloric acid solution, cleaning the explant stem, and then culturing and propagating to obtain the non-toxic original cherry.
2. The method for cultivating and propagating cherries as claimed in claim 1,
the culture medium adopted by the stem section of the explant adopts an MS culture medium, wherein cytokinin and a plant growth regulator are added into the MS culture medium, and the MS culture medium is sterilized at the temperature of 120 ℃.
3. The method for cultivating and propagating cherries as claimed in claim 1,
the length of the explant stem is 1-3 cm.
4. The method for cultivating and propagating cherries as claimed in claim 1,
the environment temperature for the stem section culture of the explant is 25 +/-2 ℃, the light intensity is 2000 and 2500lx, and the light irradiation is carried out for 14-18h every day.
5. The method for cultivating and propagating cherries as claimed in claim 1,
after tissue culture, detoxification, culture and propagation of the domestic cherry rootstock, 10-15cm of rootstock scion is taken, basal leaves and 2-3cm lignification parts are cut off, the bottom of the rootstock scion is obliquely cut by 40-50 degrees, so that the bottom of the rootstock scion is semi-lignified, and 2-4 leaves are reserved at the top.
6. The method for cultivating and propagating cherries as claimed in claim 5,
the culture temperature of the stock scion is 20-30 ℃, the humidity is 70% -80%, the shading rate is 75%, and the stock scion is sprayed with chlorothalonil every other week for disinfection.
7. The method for cultivating and propagating cherries as claimed in claim 1,
the process of grafting the scion to the cherry rootstock comprises the following steps:
the scion is grafted at the position 8-15cm away from the ground of the domestic cherry rootstock, the row spacing of the domestic cherry rootstock is 30-50cm, and the plant spacing is 10-20 cm;
the environment temperature for culturing and propagating is 25-30 ℃, and the humidity is 54-60%.
8. The method for cultivating and propagating cherries as claimed in claim 1,
after the grafted seedlings are cultured to the height of 1.8-2.2m and the diameter of 1.0-2cm, the grafted seedlings can be stored in a refrigeration house.
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| CN201911350936.6A CN111084046A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Cherry breeding method |
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| CN201911350936.6A CN111084046A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Cherry breeding method |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101027975A (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2007-09-05 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Fast reproduction of European wild black cherry tissue |
| CN103688852A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-04-02 | 陕西理工学院 | Method for rapidly breeding large cherry Gisela |
| CN104823851A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | 凤阳金小岗农林科技产业发展有限公司 | Cherry seedling ultralow temperature virus eliminating method |
| CN105830850A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-10 | 山东省果树研究所 | Quick cultivation method of grafted sweet cherry seedlings |
| CN110150143A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-23 | 浦江县合洪园艺研发有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of cherry nursery stock |
| CN110384041A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-10-29 | 南京千亩休闲农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of sweet cherry rootstock asexual clonal detoxic seedling |
-
2019
- 2019-12-24 CN CN201911350936.6A patent/CN111084046A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101027975A (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2007-09-05 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Fast reproduction of European wild black cherry tissue |
| CN103688852A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-04-02 | 陕西理工学院 | Method for rapidly breeding large cherry Gisela |
| CN104823851A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | 凤阳金小岗农林科技产业发展有限公司 | Cherry seedling ultralow temperature virus eliminating method |
| CN105830850A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-10 | 山东省果树研究所 | Quick cultivation method of grafted sweet cherry seedlings |
| CN110150143A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-23 | 浦江县合洪园艺研发有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of cherry nursery stock |
| CN110384041A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-10-29 | 南京千亩休闲农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of sweet cherry rootstock asexual clonal detoxic seedling |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 马汴梁等: "《中医补脾胃养生法》", 31 August 2017, 河南科学技术出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20200501 |