CN111077459A - An RV power monitoring and management system - Google Patents
An RV power monitoring and management system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种房车电源监测管理系统，包括电池组、电池管理芯片、微处理器模块、故障处理模块、无线通讯模块、存储模块和显示模块。所述系统设计一方面为动力调度提供重要的保障，对于提高蓄电池利用率，节约人力、物力和财力成本，延长蓄电池使用寿命都具有重要的意义。另一方面通过对电池容量的监测，维护人员可以通过监测电池健康状况，及时剔除落后电池，做到早更换早处理，达到节约能源、提高系统实时稳定的目的。
The invention provides a power monitoring and management system for an RV, which includes a battery pack, a battery management chip, a microprocessor module, a fault processing module, a wireless communication module, a storage module and a display module. On the one hand, the system design provides an important guarantee for power dispatching, and is of great significance for improving the utilization rate of the battery, saving manpower, material resources and financial costs, and prolonging the service life of the battery. On the other hand, by monitoring the battery capacity, maintenance personnel can monitor the health status of the battery, remove outdated batteries in time, and achieve early replacement and early treatment, so as to save energy and improve the real-time stability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power management and monitoring, and particularly relates to a caravan power monitoring and management system.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the storage battery is used as a standby power supply, and is applied to important places such as traffic, communication, electric power, hospitals, schools and the like due to the advantages of stable voltage, low price, recycling and the like. Particularly, with the development of automobiles, electric bicycles and power lithium ion storage batteries, the demand for the storage batteries is increasing continuously. The storage battery is used as a device for storing electric energy, the theoretical design life of the storage battery is 10-15 years, the actual application life is only 3-5 years, and even more, the charge and discharge performance and the capacity of some storage batteries are reduced to the bottom line when the storage batteries are used for less than one year. The reliability of the power supply directly affects the electric equipment, and even causes great economic loss and property safety of people. There are many factors that affect the life of the battery, such as: long-term floating charge, deep discharge, ambient temperature and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to manage the battery in order to prolong the service life of the battery. The remaining capacity of the battery is one of the most important performance parameters of the battery in the operation process, and the estimation of the remaining capacity is a non-negligible link.
And in the using process of the battery, the overcharge or the overdischarge of the battery can be caused by the charge and discharge of large current, and the accurate SOC estimation plays a good role in guiding the reasonable utilization of the battery so as to carry out timely and accurate adjustment and maintenance, prevent the irreparable damage caused by the overcharge or the overdischarge, prolong the cycle service life of the battery and reduce the cost. Therefore, good social and economic benefits can be generated.
For the motor home, the electric energy provided by the battery can be reasonably utilized by accurately estimating the SOC of the battery. The battery working state of the motor home is monitored in real time, abnormal batteries are found in time, the utilization rate of the batteries is improved, and the service life of the batteries is prolonged. And the battery monomer of car as a house is few, and is two batteries of main, vice, and general power management system all is applicable to the measurement of a plurality of monomers, and the volume is great relatively, and the waste that causes is great.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to monitor and display the charging/discharging state of a storage battery and provides a power supply monitoring and managing system for a motor home. The system design provides important guarantee for power scheduling on the one hand, and has important significance for improving the utilization rate of the storage battery, saving the cost of manpower, material resources and financial resources and prolonging the service life of the storage battery. On the other hand, through monitoring the battery capacity, maintenance personnel can remove out-dated batteries in time through monitoring the health condition of the batteries, so that the purposes of early replacement and early treatment are achieved, energy is saved, and the real-time stability of a system is improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a power monitoring and management system for a caravan comprises a battery pack, a battery management chip, a microprocessor module, a fault processing module, a wireless communication module, a storage module and a display module;
the battery pack consists of a plurality of single storage batteries, and two adjacent storage batteries are connected through an isolator;
the battery management chip is used for receiving a control instruction for data acquisition sent by the microprocessor module, acquiring data of the operating state parameters of each storage battery after receiving the control instruction, and sending the acquired data to the microprocessor module through the single bus;
the microprocessor module is used for sending a control instruction, receiving the acquired data and processing the acquired data;
the fault processing module is connected with the microprocessor module and is used for alarming and processing faults when faults occur;
the storage module is connected with the microprocessor module and is used for storing data in the monitoring process;
the display module is connected with the microprocessor module and is used for displaying the running state information of the storage battery, the processed data information and the alarm warning information;
the wireless communication module is connected with the microprocessor module and used for sending the running state parameters of the storage battery and the processed data to the remote mobile terminal, so that the state of the power supply is monitored by the remote mobile terminal in real time.
Further, the collecting of the operating state parameters of each storage battery comprises collecting voltage, current and temperature of the storage battery.
Further, the voltage acquisition of the storage battery specifically comprises: and a precision resistor is used for voltage division, so that the voltage of the storage battery is reduced and sampled and then enters the battery management chip, and the voltage is converted into digital quantity which is read and utilized by the microprocessor module.
Further, the current collection of the storage battery specifically comprises: the measured current is scaled down for acquisition using TBC200AP hall sensors.
Further, the temperature acquisition of the storage battery specifically comprises: the battery management chip is seamlessly attached to the storage battery, the microprocessor module sends a temperature data acquisition instruction to the battery management chip through the single bus, and the temperature sensor embedded in the battery management chip can monitor the environmental temperature of the storage battery.
Further, the processing of the acquired data specifically includes: firstly, calculating an initial value of the SOC by adopting an open-circuit voltage method, and then calculating the residual electric quantity in a working state by adopting an ampere-hour integration method during stable working; and the remaining capacity is corrected again by the open voltage method in a state where the battery is stationary.
Further, the battery management chip is DS 2438.
Furthermore, an optical coupling isolator is used between the battery management chip and the microprocessor module to divide a single bus into two paths of sending and receiving.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. this system is to the car as a house field, can optimize the use of car as a house electric quantity, and the use of rational distribution electric quantity will divide into several outage grades with electrical apparatus, and when the electric quantity was low excessively, the automatic cutout was high-power, the low electrical apparatus that uses of outage grade, has ensured to maintain the normal work operation of car as far as possible for a long time to remind the user, when using the car as a house for the user, provide a safe environment, the life of extension battery simultaneously, the cost is practiced thrift.
2. Adopt Raspberry Pi 3B as main control chip, LCD capacitive touch screen has wireless communication and large capacity storage function as man-machine operation interface, has increased wireless transceiver module, utilizes APP to realize that cell-phone control monitors the battery state, lets the user know the battery state in real time, provides safe, reliable, stable guarantee for the car as a house operation.
3. The double-battery isolator adopts a relay type, has simple wiring, does not need to change the original vehicle line, has no voltage drop, reduces the electric quantity loss, simultaneously ensures that the result is more reliable, and prolongs the working time of the battery.
4. Because the number of battery packs of the caravan is small, a special intelligent monitoring chip DS2438 is selected for collecting the state parameters of the storage battery, the size of the chip is small, a plurality of parameters can be measured simultaneously, and the space in the caravan is saved while the precision is ensured; when data are collected, a low-pass filter circuit is added for eliminating interference of peak voltage, the optical coupling isolator is used for dividing the single bus into two paths of sending and receiving, interference resistance is achieved, errors are avoided when the single bus sends signals 0 and 1, and more accurate data information can be provided for calculation of the residual electric quantity.
5. For the estimation of the residual capacity of the storage battery, a method combining ampere-hour integration and an open-circuit voltage method is adopted, so that error accumulation is avoided, calculation errors are reduced, the accuracy of results is improved, the residual service time of the battery is estimated according to the SOC and the service condition of an electric appliance, a user can better know the service condition of the electric quantity of the motor home, and better selection is made at the same time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a monitoring and management system for a power supply of a caravan according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of data acquisition.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a monitoring and management system for a power supply of a caravan, which includes a battery pack, a battery management chip, a microprocessor module, a fault processing module, a wireless communication module, a storage module, and a display module;
the battery pack consists of a plurality of single storage batteries, and two adjacent storage batteries are connected through an isolator;
the battery management chip is used for receiving a control instruction for data acquisition sent by the microprocessor module, acquiring data of the operating state parameters of each storage battery after receiving the control instruction, and sending the acquired data to the microprocessor module through the single bus;
the microprocessor module is used for sending a control instruction, receiving the acquired data and processing the acquired data; the system design takes a Raspberry Pi 3B board as a core, and the Raspberry Pi 3B board is utilized to complete the control and processing of each functional module.
The fault processing module is connected with the microprocessor module and is used for alarming and processing faults when faults occur;
the storage module is connected with the microprocessor module and is used for storing data in the monitoring process; the storage module is an SD card.
The display module is connected with the microprocessor module and is used for displaying the running state information of the storage battery, the processed data information and the alarm warning information; when the storage battery is overcharged, namely when the voltage exceeds the highest monomer voltage for a period of time and reaches a charging cut-off voltage, a warning is displayed and the charging is automatically stopped; when the storage battery is over-discharged, namely when the voltage is lower than the discharge cut-off voltage for a period of time, a warning is displayed, and the high-power electric appliance is automatically disconnected. Monitoring is achieved by using a 7 inch LCD capacitive touch screen operator interface with a resolution of 800 x 480, with the interface content and touch settings being fixed in the Flash Rom of the touch screen.
The wireless communication module is connected with the microprocessor module and used for sending the running state parameters of the storage battery and the processed data to the remote mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal is provided with the monitoring APP, so that the state of the power supply can be monitored in real time by the remote mobile terminal.
The system of the invention communicates with other devices by using the CAN bus, and has 3 paths. The first path is used for internal CAN communication, receives slave controller data and controls the slave controller; the second path is used for external CAN communication, communicates with the whole vehicle controller and provides information required by the whole vehicle controller; the third path is used for debugging.
The collecting of the operating state parameters of each storage battery comprises collecting of voltage, current and temperature of the storage battery.
The voltage acquisition of the storage battery is specifically as follows: and a precision resistor is used for voltage division, so that the voltage of the storage battery is reduced and sampled and then enters the battery management chip, and the voltage is converted into digital quantity which is read and utilized by the microprocessor module. The voltage of each storage battery used by the recreational vehicle power system is about 12V, the voltage range which can be measured by the DS2438 is 0-10V, the voltage of the storage battery is required to be measured by using a resistor for voltage division, and in order to obtain more accurate voltage, the used resistor is a precise resistor with a large resistance value. The voltage of the storage battery is reduced, sampled and then enters the DS2438, and the voltage is converted into digital quantity which is read and utilized by the microprocessor.
The current collection of the storage battery is specifically as follows: the measured current is scaled down for acquisition using TBC200AP hall sensors. The current of the storage battery is generally large, the Hall sensor is adopted in the design of the system to measure the charging and discharging current, the TBC200AP Hall sensor can measure the 0-200A current, the current can be reduced according to 2000:1, the large current is converted into the small current, and the requirement of the measurement range of DS2438 is met.
Since the single batteries are grouped in series, the current of only one single battery can be measured. Generally, when the DS2438 is used for measuring current, voltage is actually measured, that is, a resistor is connected to two ends of a current collecting interface of the DS2438, so that the current can be obtained in the form of measuring voltage, and in order to ensure the accuracy of measured data, a precision resistor must be used as a sampling resistor, and the measuring range of the voltage is between tens of millivolts. Since the DS2438 can measure a small range of current, and the current of the battery is often large in practical application, the current to be measured needs to be scaled down. TBC200AP hall sensors are used in the present system to convert large currents to small currents. And low-pass filter circuits are connected to two ends of the current acquisition interface to eliminate harmonic parts in the current.
The temperature acquisition of the storage battery is specifically as follows: the battery management chip is seamlessly attached to the storage battery, the microprocessor sends a temperature data acquisition instruction to the battery management chip through the single bus, and the temperature sensor embedded in the battery management chip can monitor the environmental temperature of the storage battery. The storage battery temperature acquisition module can acquire the temperature nearby the storage battery temperature acquisition module through a temperature sensor inside the DS 2438. In order to accurately measure the temperature of the battery, the smart chip DS2438 must be attached to the battery. When the microprocessor sends a temperature data acquisition instruction to the intelligent chip DS2438 through the single bus, the temperature sensor in the chip can monitor the ambient temperature of the storage battery.
The processing of the collected data specifically comprises: in order to ensure the estimation accuracy of the residual capacity of the battery and reduce the implementation complexity, the system selects a battery residual capacity estimation method combining an open-circuit voltage method and an ampere-hour integration method. Firstly, calculating an initial value of the SOC by adopting an open-circuit voltage method, and then calculating the residual electric quantity in a working state by adopting an ampere-hour integration method during stable working; and the remaining capacity is corrected again by the open voltage method in a state where the battery is stationary. Therefore, the two methods are respectively used for measuring in a dynamic state and a static state and mutually compensate, and the accuracy of the residual capacity of the battery is enhanced.
The system collects the open-circuit voltage of the battery, and can estimate the residual electric quantity of the current battery pack according to the relation between the open-circuit voltage of the battery and the SOC. When the system is powered on for the first time and lasts for a certain time, the system estimates the SOC by using an open-circuit voltage method. Under the actual working condition, the current condition of the battery management system changes in real time, and at the moment, if the estimated SOC is inaccurate, the current state is monitored in real time by setting the current acquisition timing interruption time, and the change of the electric quantity is calculated. By using the open-circuit voltage method and the residual electric quantity algorithm estimated by the ampere-hour integration method, the complexity of realizing the electric quantity estimation algorithm can be reduced, and the SOC can be accurately estimated.
According to an ampere-hour integration method, the charge and discharge electric quantity of the battery can be estimated by the integration of current over time, and the equivalent discharge electric quantity formula is as follows:
where ω is the charge-discharge efficiency, i is the charge-discharge current, and τ represents time.
For the open-circuit voltage method, firstly, a corresponding curve of the open-circuit voltage and the capacity of the battery is found, the curve is recorded, when the electric quantity is estimated, the battery is opened again, the open-circuit voltage value is measured, and the capacity value is found by contrasting the curve.
The battery management chip is DS 2438.
And an optical coupler isolator is utilized between the battery management chip and the microprocessor module to divide a single bus into two paths of sending and receiving. The optical coupling isolator is anti-interference, errors generated when the signal 0 and the signal 1 are sent by the single bus are avoided, and more accurate data information can be provided for calculation of the residual electric quantity.
The invention provides a monitoring and management system for a power supply of a motor home, which is described in detail above, wherein a specific example is applied to illustrate the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112327702A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-05 | 广州立功科技股份有限公司 | Power distribution control system |
| CN113640677A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-11-12 | 郑州沃森弘途大数据科技有限公司 | Storage battery performance monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN113985275A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-28 | 广州极飞科技股份有限公司 | A generator performance testing method, device and system |
| CN116666787A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-08-29 | 中国标准化研究院 | Lithium battery intelligent management system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112327702A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-05 | 广州立功科技股份有限公司 | Power distribution control system |
| CN113640677A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-11-12 | 郑州沃森弘途大数据科技有限公司 | Storage battery performance monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN113985275A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-28 | 广州极飞科技股份有限公司 | A generator performance testing method, device and system |
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Effective date of registration: 20200807 Address after: 226000 Xiangjiang Road, Binjiang Street, Haimen City, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 388 Applicant after: Shunlu Automobile Haimen Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Address before: 201805 Room 201, building 2, No. 1333, Yuanguo Road, Anting Town, Jiading District, Shanghai Applicant before: Shanghai shunlv RV Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY |
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