CN111074939B - Formwork-disassembly-free concrete single-cabin pipe gallery or multi-cabin pipe gallery and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a formwork-free concrete single-chamber pipe gallery or a multi-chamber pipe gallery and a construction method thereof. The pipe gallery includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a wall that are connected to each other. The wall includes an outer wall, and also includes or does not include a partition wall. The walls are all cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures. The wall solid formwork on both sides of the wall and the wall concrete layer poured between the wall solid formwork on both sides are constituted, and the wall solid formwork adopts a reinforced truss fixed formwork, and the reinforced truss fixed formwork includes a panel and a The steel mesh and steel truss on one side of the panel, and the top and bottom plates are preferably cast-in-place concrete structures. The construction method includes floor construction, wall construction, roof construction and necessary concrete oxidation. The invention is beneficial to reduce the workload and labor intensity of pipe gallery construction, reduce the degree of influence of human factors on building quality, reduce construction costs, and reduce the adverse impact on the environment and society during the construction of the pipe gallery.

Description

A formwork-free concrete single-cabin pipe gallery or multi-cabin pipe gallery and its construction method

technical field

The invention relates to a formwork-free concrete single-chamber pipe gallery or a multi-chamber pipe gallery and a construction method of the same, belonging to the technical field of construction.

Background technique

The underground comprehensive pipe gallery is a comprehensive corridor of urban underground pipelines, in the shape of a tunnel. According to the needs of use, it can be designed as a single-cabin pipe gallery or as a multi-cabin pipe gallery for urban electricity, communication, gas, heating, water supply and drainage, etc. All kinds of engineering pipelines can be set in the pipe gallery to facilitate management and maintenance. Due to the strict requirements of pressure bearing and anti-seepage, the construction of underground pipe gallery can be roughly divided into two technical routes. One is to use cast-in-place reinforced concrete. Structure, this technical route requires a large amount of on-site work, complex construction, and high labor intensity. It needs to excavate a large work site and design special formwork. The impact of human factors on the quality of the building is relatively large, and the internal quality is relatively large. Problems are difficult to detect and repair. In today's shortage of suitable labor resources and increasing labor costs, these problems lead to high construction costs; the second is to use prefabricated components, transport the prefabricated components to on-site assembly, and then perform butt repair and sealing of the connection parts. Because the prefabricated site is often far away from the site, the transportation volume is large, and special transportation vehicles and transportation management methods are often required. The transportation cost is high, and the site needs to be equipped with larger hoisting equipment, which also leads to an increase in construction costs, especially for prefabrication. The component assembly structure is prone to leakage and other phenomena, and the anti-seepage treatment requirements are strict.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the above problems, the present invention provides a formwork-free concrete single-chamber pipe gallery or a multi-chamber pipe gallery, and also provides a construction method for such a comprehensive pipe gallery. The purpose is to reduce the workload and work intensity of building construction, reduce the The degree of influence of human factors on the construction quality, reduce the construction cost, reduce the impact on the environment and society caused by the construction of the pipe gallery, and help to improve the quality of the pipe gallery.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: a formwork-free concrete single-chamber pipe gallery or multi-chamber pipe gallery, comprising a top plate, a bottom plate and a wall body that are connected to each other, and the wall body includes outer wall bodies located on both sides of the pipe gallery, The top and bottom of the outer wall are respectively connected with the corresponding sides of the bottom plate and the top plate, the wall also includes or does not include partition walls, and the partition walls are located on the outer walls on both sides. In between, the top and the top are respectively connected with the bottom plate and the top plate, and the wall body adopts the cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, which is mainly composed of the wall body solid formwork located on both sides of the wall body and the solid wall body poured on both sides of the wall body. The wall concrete layer is formed between the formwork, the wall solid formwork adopts the steel truss fixed formwork, the panel of the wall solid formwork faces the outside of the wall, the steel truss faces the inside of the wall, the wall solid formwork The reinforced mesh and reinforced truss above are fixed in the wall concrete layer of the wall, and the reinforced truss fixed formwork includes a panel and the reinforced mesh and reinforced truss located on one side of the panel, used as the reinforcement of the wall fixed formwork The panels of the truss formwork form the permanent formwork of the corresponding wall, and the reinforcing mesh and the reinforced truss of the reinforced truss formwork used as the wall formwork form the reinforcing bars in the concrete layer of the corresponding wall.

Preferably, the reinforced mesh, the reinforced truss and the panel of the reinforced truss formwork are fixedly connected as a whole, and the integral reinforced truss formwork can be processed and manufactured in the factory.

Preferably, the roof is constructed using a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure or a prefabricated component splicing technique. When the roof adopts a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, the roof is mainly composed of a fixed formwork at the bottom of the roof and a fixed formwork cast on the bottom of the roof. The top plate concrete layer on the top plate is composed of the top plate concrete layer, and the bottom fixed formwork of the top plate adopts the steel truss fixed formwork, and the steel mesh and the steel bar truss are located on the top of the panel and are consolidated in the top plate concrete layer, and the two sides of the top plate concrete layer are respectively It is consolidated with the wall concrete layer on the corresponding side, the top plate concrete layer is provided with or does not have additional reinforcement bars for the roof plate, and the additional reinforcement bars for the roof plate are located on the top of the reinforcement truss of the fixed formwork at the bottom of the roof plate, and the reinforcement is fixed. Knot in the roof concrete layer, constitute the upper steel reinforcement in the roof concrete layer, the panels of the steel truss fixed formwork used as the fixed formwork at the bottom of the roof form the permanent formwork of the corresponding roof, and the steel truss fixed formwork used as the fixed formwork at the bottom of the roof. The reinforcement mesh and reinforcement truss of the formwork constitute the reinforcement in the concrete layer of the corresponding roof.

Preferably, the bottom plate adopts a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure or a prefabricated component splicing structure, and the bottom plate using a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure is mainly composed of a bottom plate bottom solid formwork and a bottom plate concrete layer cast on the bottom plate bottom solid formwork, so The bottom fixed formwork of the bottom plate adopts a reinforced truss fixed formwork, and the reinforcing mesh and the reinforcing truss are located on the top of the panel and are consolidated in the bottom plate concrete layer, and the two sides of the bottom plate concrete layer are respectively connected with the walls on the corresponding sides. The concrete layers are consolidated together, and the bottom plate concrete layer is provided with or without additional bottom plate reinforcing bars, and the bottom plate additional reinforcing bars are located on the top of the steel truss of the bottom panel of the bottom plate, and are consolidated in the bottom plate concrete layer, Constitute the upper reinforcement in the concrete layer of the bottom plate, the panels of the steel truss fixed formwork used as the fixed formwork at the bottom of the baseplate constitute the permanent formwork of the corresponding baseplate, the reinforcement mesh and the steel truss of the steel truss fixed formwork used as the fixed formwork at the bottom of the baseplate form corresponding Reinforcing bars in the concrete layer of the base plate.

Preferably, the lower and upper end parts of the outer wall solid formwork of the outer wall body are used as the concrete pouring side formwork of the bottom plate and the top plate, respectively, and the lower end edge of the panel of the outer wall solid formwork of the outer wall body is fixed with the bottom of the corresponding bottom plate. The corresponding side edges of the panels of the formwork abut, and the upper edge extends to the top surface of the top slab concrete layer.

The lower end edges of the panels of the inner wall solid formwork on both sides of the outer wall solid formwork can be located above the steel truss of the solid formwork at the bottom of the base plate or the additional steel bars of the base plate, preferably the same as the steel truss of the fixed formwork at the bottom of the base plate or The additional steel bars at the bottom are in contact with each other, supported on the steel trusses of the fixed formwork at the bottom of the base plate or on the additional steel bars of the base plate, and poured into the concrete layer of the base plate.

The upper end edge of the panel of the inner wall solid formwork of the outer wall body is preferably adjacent to the corresponding side edge of the panel of the top panel bottom solid formwork at the corresponding position.

The two ends of the steel mesh and the steel truss of the wall solid formwork of the outer wall can be staggered or vertically adjacent to the corresponding ends of the steel mesh and the steel truss of the bottom bottom fixed formwork and the top plate bottom fixed formwork, respectively.

When there is a partition wall, the lower end edges of the panels of the solid formwork on both sides of the partition wall can be located above the steel truss of the solid formwork at the bottom of the bottom plate or the additional reinforcing bars of the bottom plate, preferably the same as the bottom of the bottom plate. The steel bar trusses or the additional steel bars at the bottom are in contact, supported on the steel bar trusses of the fixed formwork at the bottom of the base plate or on the additional steel bars of the bottom base plate and poured into the concrete layer of the base plate.

The upper end edges of the panels of the wall solid formwork on both sides of the partition wall are preferably adjacent to the corresponding side edges of the panels of the top plate bottom solid formwork at the corresponding position.

The two ends of the steel mesh and the steel truss of the wall solid formwork of the partition wall can be staggered or vertically adjacent to the corresponding ends of the steel mesh and the steel truss of the bottom bottom fixed formwork and the top plate bottom fixed formwork respectively.

Preferably, there is a space between the steel mesh and the steel truss and the panel of the steel truss fixed formwork.

Preferably, the reinforced mesh in the reinforced truss template is located between the reinforced truss and the panel, a spacer is provided between the reinforced mesh and the panel to define the distance between the two, and the spacer is arranged on the Between the bottom chord bar and the panel of a reinforced truss, the number of spacers between the same bottom chord bar and the panel is usually multiple.

Preferably, the reinforcement mesh of the reinforcement truss formwork is formed by connecting a plurality of longitudinal reinforcement bars and a number of transverse reinforcement bars, the longitudinal reinforcement bars on the same reinforcement mesh are located on the same plane and parallel to each other, and the transverse reinforcement bars are located in the same plane and parallel to each other. The transverse reinforcement of the reinforcement mesh is located on the near-panel side of the longitudinal reinforcement, and is in contact with the lower chord reinforcement of the reinforcement truss.

The steel bar truss can usually be arranged longitudinally. When there are more than one, the steel bar trusses are parallel to each other.

When a spacer is provided between the reinforcing mesh and the panel to define the distance between the two, the lateral surface of the reinforcing mesh of the spacer is preferably provided with a transverse reinforcement positioning groove, and the transverse reinforcement is arranged in all contact with it. on the transverse reinforcement locating grooves on the spacers.

Preferably, in the reinforced truss fixed formwork, the fixed connection method of the reinforced mesh, the reinforced truss and the panel can be any of the following:

The steel truss is fixedly connected to the panel through a connector; or,

When a spacer is provided between the reinforcing mesh and the panel, the reinforcing bar truss is fixedly connected to the spacer through a connecting piece, and the spacer is fixedly connected to the panel.

The connector can be any of the following:

The connecting piece is an inverted V-shaped connecting piece, which is used to realize the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the panel, or for realizing the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the cushion block. It is in the shape of an inverted V and is buckled on the corresponding steel truss, and the two legs at the bottom are respectively fixed and connected to the panel or the corresponding pad;

The connecting piece is a U-shaped connecting piece or a C-shaped connecting piece, which is used to realize the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the cushion block. The U-shaped connecting piece is provided with mutually symmetrical left and right clamping plates. The left and right clamping plates are connected to the integrated base or independent base used as the spacer, and the left and right clamping plates are respectively clamped on the lateral outer sides of the lower chord bars on the corresponding sides of the steel truss; the C-shaped connecting piece It includes two forms of symmetrical left connecting piece and right connecting piece, and these two forms of C-shaped connecting piece are used together. The single-sided card board is connected to an integrated base or an independent base, the integrated base is integrated with the cushion block, the independent base is a separate piece and is fixedly connected to the cushion block, and the left connection The pieces and the right connecting pieces are vertically alternately arranged or symmetrically arranged, and the one-sided clamping plates of the left connecting piece and the right connecting piece are respectively clamped on the lateral outer sides of the lower chord bars on the corresponding sides of the steel truss.

Preferably, the wall solid formwork is formed by using several steel truss solid formwork arranged along the length of the pipe gallery, and the transverse direction of the steel truss solid formwork is along the length of the pipe gallery, and the steel truss solid formwork on both sides of the wall is symmetrically arranged, and the two sides of the wall are symmetrically arranged. The size of the opposite steel truss fixed formwork is equal, and there is a gap between the horizontally adjacent steel truss fixed formwork on the same side.

The connection parts of the horizontally adjacent steel truss fixed formwork on the wall constitute the in-line node of the wall. The wall of the in-line node is preferably provided with a in-line steel connection frame. The in-line steel connection frame The vertical projection of the stirrup is a rectangle, and the vertical bars on the connection side are respectively located at the four corners of the vertical projection of the stirrup and are fixedly connected to the stirrup. The shaped steel bar connecting frame is fixed in the concrete layer of the wall, and its left and right parts in the lateral direction respectively form two rectangular connecting parts in the corresponding direction, and each said rectangular connecting part respectively extends to the wall body in the corresponding direction of the connecting node Between the steel meshes of the reinforced trusses on both sides of the formwork;

When there is a T-shaped wall, the wall of the corresponding T-shaped node is preferably provided with a T-shaped steel connection frame. The T-shaped steel connection frame is T-shaped and includes three rectangular connection parts distributed in the T-shaped. The intersecting parts of the rectangular connecting parts are provided with vertical steel bars of dark columns distributed at the four corners of the same rectangle, and the outer ends of each of the rectangular connecting parts are provided with vertical steel bars on the connecting side distributed at the two corners of the ends, so The vertical steel bars on the connecting side and the vertical steel bars on the hidden column are connected together by corresponding stirrups, and the vertical projection of the stirrups is rectangular, which are respectively hooped on the corresponding vertical steel bars on the connecting side and on the vertical steel bars on the dark column. , or on the connecting side vertical steel bar and the dark column vertical steel bar, the T-shaped steel bar connecting frame is consolidated in the concrete layer of the wall, and each of the rectangular connecting parts extends to the two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the T-shaped node. between the steel meshes of the reinforced truss fixed formwork;

When there is an L-shaped wall, the wall of the corresponding L-shaped node is preferably provided with an L-shaped steel bar connecting frame. The L-shaped steel bar connecting frame is L-shaped and includes two rectangular connecting parts distributed in the L-shape. The intersecting parts of the rectangular connecting parts are provided with vertical steel bars of dark columns distributed at the four corners of the same rectangle, and the outer ends of each of the rectangular connecting parts are provided with vertical steel bars on the connecting side distributed at the two corners of the ends, so The vertical steel bars on the connecting side and the vertical steel bars on the hidden column are connected together by corresponding stirrups, and the vertical projection of the stirrups is rectangular, which is respectively hooped on the corresponding vertical steel bars on the connecting side and the vertical steel bars on the hidden column. or on the vertical steel bars of the dark column, the L-shaped steel bar connecting frame is fixed in the concrete layer of the wall, and each of the rectangular connecting parts extends to the steel trusses on both sides of the wall in the corresponding direction of the L-shaped node. Between the steel meshes of the formwork;

When there is a cross-shaped wall, the wall of the corresponding cross-shaped node is preferably provided with a cross-shaped steel bar connection frame. The intersecting parts of the rectangular connecting parts are provided with vertical steel bars of dark columns distributed at the four corners of the same rectangle, and the outer ends of each of the rectangular connecting parts are provided with vertical steel bars on the connecting side distributed at the two corners of the ends, so The vertical steel bars on the connecting side and the vertical steel bars on the hidden column are connected together by corresponding stirrups, and the vertical projection of the stirrups is rectangular, which are respectively hooped on the corresponding vertical steel bars on the connecting side and on the vertical steel bars on the dark column. , or on the connecting side vertical steel bar and the dark column vertical steel bar, the cross-shaped steel bar connecting frame is consolidated in the concrete layer of the wall, and each of the rectangular connecting parts respectively extends to the two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the cross-shaped node The steel trusses are fixed between the steel mesh of the formwork.

In the case where a corresponding reinforcing bar connecting frame (for example, a straight-line reinforcing bar connecting frame, etc.) is provided at the node, both ends of the transverse reinforcing bars in the reinforcing mesh of the reinforcing bar truss formwork shall not exceed the corresponding end edges of the panel, so that Convenient storage and on-site installation.

When there is no corresponding reinforcing bar connecting frame at the node, both ends of the transverse reinforcing bar in the reinforcing mesh of the reinforcing bar truss template can be made to extend beyond the corresponding end edge of the panel to form the connecting bar at the connecting part.

A method for constructing a formwork-free concrete single-cabin pipe gallery or multi-cabin pipe gallery, comprising the following constructions:

A) Base plate construction, including the following steps:

1) Setting the concrete pouring formwork for the bottom plate: fix the bottom plate bottom formwork on the foundation, or do not set the bottom plate bottom solid formwork, directly use the laid foundation as the bottom surface for pouring the bottom concrete, and set up the bottom plate side formwork. The fixed formwork adopts the steel truss fixed formwork, the steel truss faces upward, and the panel is located under the steel truss;

2) Set the bottom plate reinforcement: in the case of not setting the bottom plate bottom plate reinforcement, configure the bottom plate reinforcement, in the case of setting the bottom plate bottom plate plate reinforcement, according to the design requirements, set or not set the bottom plate above the steel truss of the bottom plate bottom plate plate additional reinforcement;

3) Pour the bottom plate concrete: pour the bottom plate concrete in the bottom plate formwork,

B) Wall construction, including the following steps:

1) Setting the wall concrete pouring formwork: Support the wall solid formwork on both sides of the wall, the wall solid formwork adopts the reinforced truss solid formwork, the panel of the wall solid formwork faces outwards, and the reinforced truss faces inward;

2) Fix the wall formwork: carry out the tie fixing of the wall solid formwork on both sides;

3) Pouring the wall concrete: pour concrete between the wall solid formwork on both sides of the wall. The wall concrete can be poured before the roof concrete, or it can be poured together with the roof concrete. The wall concrete and the bottom concrete cast as one,

The wall body includes the outer wall body on both sides of the pipe gallery, and also includes or does not include the partition wall body,

C) roof construction, including the following steps:

1) Set the roof concrete pouring formwork: set the roof bottom formwork support system, support the bottom fixed formwork of the roof, and set the top side formwork.

2) Set roof reinforcement: According to the design requirements, set or not set additional reinforcement for the roof above the reinforcement truss of the fixed formwork at the bottom of the roof;

3) Pour the roof concrete; pour the roof concrete in the roof formwork, the roof concrete and the wall concrete building are integrated,

D) Concrete curing: curing of cast-in-place concrete as needed.

Preferably, the reinforced truss formwork comprises a panel, a reinforced mesh and a reinforced truss located on one side of the panel, and the reinforced mesh, the reinforced truss and the panel of the reinforced truss formwork are fixedly connected as a whole,

Preferably, the reinforced truss fixed formwork used as the wall solid formwork is arranged vertically, and the reinforced truss fixed formwork used as the top plate bottom fixed formwork and the bottom plate bottom fixed formwork is arranged horizontally.

Preferably, the outer wall solid formwork of the outer wall body is supported before the concrete layer of the base plate is poured, and the lower part of the outer wall solid formwork of the outer wall body is used as the base plate side formwork of the corresponding side, and its panel extends to the base plate The outer side of the concrete layer pouring area and the bottom edge of the panel is adjacent to the corresponding side edge of the panel of the bottom plate bottom solid formwork, and the upper part of the outer wall solid formwork of the outer wall is used as the top plate side form of the corresponding side, and the panel extends to the outside of the pouring area of the roof concrete layer and the top edge of the panel extends to the top surface of the roof concrete layer.

Preferably, the connecting parts of the horizontally adjacent wall solid formwork on the wall constitute the in-line nodes of the wall, and the in-line steel connecting frames are arranged at the in-line nodes of the wall, and the supporting nodes are arranged at the joints. Before installing the wall solid formwork, install the in-line steel bar connecting frame in place, so that the two rectangular connecting parts of the in-line steel bar connecting frame are respectively placed on the wall solid formwork on both sides of the wall in the corresponding direction of the node. between the wire meshes,

When there is a T-shaped wall in the wall, a T-shaped node steel connection frame is arranged at the T-shaped wall node, and the T-shaped node steel connection frame is installed in place before the adjacent wall solid formwork is supported. , so that the three rectangular connecting parts of the T-joint steel connecting frame are respectively placed between the steel meshes of the wall solid formwork on both sides of the wall in the corresponding direction of the node,

When there is an L-shaped wall in the wall, an L-shaped node steel connecting frame is arranged at the L-shaped wall node, and the L-shaped node steel connecting frame is installed in place before supporting the adjacent wall solid formwork , so that the two rectangular connecting parts of the L-shaped node steel connecting frame are respectively placed between the steel meshes of the wall solid formwork on both sides of the wall in the corresponding direction of the node,

When there is a cross-shaped wall in the wall, a cross-shaped node steel bar connecting frame is arranged at the cross-shaped wall node, and the cross-shaped node steel bar connecting frame is installed in place before supporting the adjacent wall solid formwork , so that the four rectangular connecting parts of the cross-shaped node steel connecting frame are respectively placed between the steel meshes of the wall solid formwork on both sides of the wall in the corresponding direction of the node,

In the step of fixing the wall formwork, the distance between the wall solid formwork on both sides is defined by using or mainly using the corresponding steel bar connecting frame located between the steel wire meshes of the wall solid formwork on both sides as the support member to define the distance between the two side wall solid formwork. The width is not greater than the spacing between the reinforcing meshes of the wall solid formwork on both sides of the corresponding part, and the rectangular connecting parts of each side of the same reinforcing bar connection frame are respectively supported between the reinforcing meshes of the inner and outer wall solid formwork of the corresponding side wall of the node. , when the thickness of the rectangular connecting part is smaller than the wire mesh spacing of the wall solid formwork on both sides of the corresponding part, an additional support is added.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: since the wall body, the top plate and the bottom plate can use the steel truss fixed formwork as the permanent formwork, the setting and binding of the wall steel bars which are complicated in operation and prone to artificial quality problems under the prior art are omitted, and the formwork supports It is easy to set up and does not need to be demolded; both sides of the wall and the bottom surface of the top plate are composed of panels of reinforced truss panels, the surface is flat, and it is easy to carry out surface protection treatment and decoration; reinforced truss solid formwork and its components can be made in the factory Manufacturing, not only has a high degree of automation, high production efficiency, but also product quality and processing accuracy are much higher than on-site manual operations; the steel truss fixed formwork used has good integrity, easy to hoist, and relatively low support requirements, helping to reduce operations. Tools and auxiliary facilities are beneficial to reduce the requirements of the work site; the weight of the reinforced truss solid formwork is much lower than that of the precast concrete components, and can be transported by ordinary transport vehicles, which helps to reduce the transport volume and avoids the transportation of special vehicles to urban traffic. The structure of each part adopts the cast-in-place concrete structure, and is suitable for the overall pouring, which is conducive to improving the overall strength and anti-seepage performance of the pipe gallery.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a single-cabin pipe gallery;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a multi-cabin (double-cabin) pipe gallery;

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the top-view sectional structure of a wall with a one-byte point;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of T-shaped wall;

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of L-shaped wall;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-shaped wall;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of reinforcement truss fixed formwork;

Fig. 8 is the A-A schematic diagram corresponding to Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the B-B schematic diagram corresponding to Fig. 7;

Figure 10 is an enlarged view of part C corresponding to Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the related connection structure of the inverted V-shaped connector;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the related connection structure of the U-shaped connector;

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a U-shaped connector;

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of two C-shaped connectors (positive C-shape and reverse C-shape) with left-right symmetry.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figure 1-2, the pipe gallery can be a single-cabin pipe gallery (as shown in Figure 1) or a multi-cabin pipe gallery (as shown in Figure 2). When it is a single-cabin pipe gallery, there is no partition wall in the pipe gallery, and when it is a multi-cabin pipe gallery, there is a partition wall in the pipe gallery.

The pipe gallery is composed of a wall, a bottom plate and a top plate, which will be connected to each other as a whole.

The wall of the pipe gallery includes the outer wall, and when there is a partition wall, it also includes the partition wall. The outer wall and the top and bottom plates are enclosed in a closed pipe shape, and the cross-section is usually rectangular. The partition wall (if any, the same below) is parallel to the outer wall, dividing the inner space of the pipe gallery into multiple areas to form a multi-cabin pipe gallery.

The wall adopts a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, and the top and bottom plates are preferably cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures. Other construction methods or other structures can also be used according to design and construction requirements, for example, prefabricated component splicing structures or other existing technologies.

When the cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure is used (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2), the reinforced truss formwork is used as the permanent formwork on both sides of the wall and the permanent formwork at the bottom of the bottom plate (if adopted, the same below) or the permanent formwork at the bottom of the top plate. Formwork (if adopted, the same below), the steel bars of the steel truss-fixed formwork constitute the steel bars in the corresponding building structure, and the panels of the steel-reinforced truss-fixed formwork constitute the bottom surface of the wall or the bottom surface of the top plate and the bottom surface of the bottom.

The wall includes outer walls located on both sides of the pipe gallery, the top and bottom of the outer wall are respectively connected with the corresponding sides of the bottom plate and the top plate, and the upper and lower ends of the concrete layer of the wall are connected to the corresponding sides of the bottom plate and the top plate respectively. The bottom concrete layer and the top concrete layer are consolidated into one, forming a concrete overall structure. For the multi-cabin pipe gallery, the wall body further includes a partition wall body, the partition wall body is located between the outer wall bodies on both sides, and the top and the top thereof are respectively connected with the bottom plate and the top plate. The upper and lower ends of the wall concrete layer are consolidated with the bottom concrete layer and the top concrete layer to form a concrete overall structure.

The outer wall adopts a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, which is mainly composed of wall solid formwork located on both sides of the wall and a wall concrete layer poured in the space 180 between the wall solid formwork on both sides. The solid formwork adopts steel truss formwork, the panels 1110, 2110 of the wall solid formwork face the outside of the wall, the steel trusses 1130, 2130 face the inside of the wall, and the steel meshes 1120, 2120 on the wall solid formwork And the steel truss is fixed in the concrete layer of the wall.

The partition wall adopts a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, which is mainly composed of wall solid formwork located on both sides of the wall and a wall concrete layer poured between the wall solid formwork on both sides. Reinforcing steel truss formwork, the panel 5110 of the wall solid formwork faces the outside of the wall, the steel truss 5130 faces the inside of the wall, and the steel mesh 5120 and the steel truss on the wall solid formwork are fixed on the wall body in the concrete layer.

The bottom plate using the cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure is preferably mainly composed of the bottom plate bottom solid formwork and the bottom plate concrete layer poured on the bottom plate bottom solid formwork, the bottom plate bottom fixed formwork preferably adopts the steel truss fixed formwork, the steel mesh 4120 and the steel bar The truss 4130 is located above its face plate 4110 and is consolidated in the floor concrete layer, and both sides of the floor concrete layer are respectively consolidated with the wall concrete layer on the corresponding side.

According to needs, the concrete layer of the bottom plate is also provided with additional reinforcing bars for the bottom plate, and the additional reinforcing bars for the bottom plate are located on the top of the reinforced trusses of the fixed formwork at the bottom of the bottom plate, and are consolidated in the concrete layer of the bottom plate to form the structure of the bottom plate. The upper reinforcement in the concrete layer of the bottom plate.

When the roof adopts a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, the roof is mainly composed of a fixed formwork at the bottom of the roof and a roof concrete layer cast on the fixed formwork at the bottom of the roof. The fixed formwork at the bottom of the roof adopts a steel truss fixed formwork, which The steel mesh 3120 and the steel truss 3130 are located on the upper surface of the panel 3110 and are consolidated in the roof concrete layer, and both sides of the roof concrete layer are respectively consolidated with the wall concrete layer on the corresponding side.

According to needs, the roof concrete layer is also provided with additional roof reinforcement bars, the roof additional reinforcement bars are located on the top of the steel trusses of the fixed formwork at the bottom of the roof slab, and are consolidated in the roof slab concrete layer to form the structure of the roof. The upper reinforcement in the concrete layer of the roof.

The steel truss solid formwork is used as the permanent formwork for the corresponding surface of the wall or the top and bottom plates, and the steel bars and formwork that originally need to be arranged on the construction site are made into one in the factory. The production efficiency is high, the quality is good, and the on-site use is also very convenient. . After completion, there is no need to remove the panels in the solid formwork, and the panels on the wall surface can be used as the basis for decoration or related structural settings.

Referring to Figures 3-6, in the wall, a gap 118 is preferably left between the reinforced truss fixed formwork on the same side laterally adjacent (the adjacent in the extension direction of the pipe gallery), so as to be used as an expansion joint and facilitate on-site assembly , In this case, the connection between the panels of the adjacent steel truss fixed formwork and the transverse steel bars are all butt joints with gaps.

The distance between adjacent panels on the same side in the transverse direction is usually not more than 10 mm, and expansion joint gaskets and the like can be provided according to the prior art. To place the concrete, just tape the gap, no additional formwork is required.

The connection parts of the horizontally adjacent steel truss solid formwork form the in-line joint of the wall (see Figure 3), and the in-line joint can usually be provided with a in-line steel connection frame in the wall to ensure that the walls on both sides of the node are connected. body connection strength.

The in-line steel bar connection frame includes a connecting side vertical steel bar 211 and a stirrup 212, the vertical projection of the stirrup is a rectangle, and the connecting side vertical steel bar is located at the four corners of the rectangular vertical projection of the stirrup and is connected with the stirrup. The stirrups are fixedly connected, thereby forming a steel frame structure with a rectangular column shape, thereby facilitating on-site operations.

The stirrups may be in the shape of a rectangular ring, the number of which is distributed up and down, or the stirrups may also be in the shape of a rectangular spiral, so as to facilitate machining in a factory.

The in-line steel bar connecting frame is fixed in the concrete layer of the wall.

The left and right parts of the in-line steel connecting frame in the transverse direction respectively constitute two rectangular connecting parts in the corresponding direction, and each of the rectangular connecting parts respectively extends to the steel truss fixed formwork on both sides of the wall in the corresponding direction of the connecting node. Between the steel meshes, the length of the rectangular connection portion and the corresponding steel mesh in the transverse direction overlapped according to the specific connection requirements, for example, it can be 300mm under normal circumstances.

When there is a T-shaped wall, a T-shaped steel connection frame can usually be installed in the wall of the corresponding T-shaped node (see Figure 4); when there is an L-shaped wall, the wall of the corresponding L-shaped node can usually be equipped with There are L-shaped steel connecting frames (see Figure 5); when there is a cross-shaped wall, cross-shaped steel connecting frames can usually be provided in the wall of the corresponding cross-shaped node (see Figure 6). These steel bar connection frames are similar to the in-line steel bar connection frames, and they are preferably in the form of integral steel bar frames that are connected as a whole to facilitate on-site operations. The shape of the steel bar connection frames should be similar to the shape of the node wall. The frame is divided into a number of rectangular connecting parts, which correspond to and extend to the walls on each side of the node, thereby realizing the connection of steel bars at the node.

The T-shaped steel bar connecting frame is T-shaped (see Figure 4), and includes three rectangular connecting parts distributed in the T-shaped shape. Reinforcing bars 225, the outer ends of each of the rectangular connecting parts are provided with connecting side vertical reinforcing bars 222 distributed at the two corners of the ends, and the connecting side vertical reinforcing bars and the dark column vertical reinforcing bars pass through the corresponding stirrups 221 The connection is integrated, and the vertical projection of the stirrups is rectangular, and the stirrups are respectively hooped on the corresponding connection side vertical steel bars, on the vertical steel bars on the hidden column, or on the vertical steel bars on the connecting side and the hidden column vertical steel bars. The T-shaped steel bar connecting frame is fixed in the concrete layer of the wall, and each of the rectangular connecting parts is respectively extended to the steel mesh of the steel truss fixing formwork on both sides of the wall in the corresponding direction of the T-shaped node. The horizontal overlapping length of the corresponding reinforcing meshes depends on the specific connection requirements, for example, it can be 300mm under normal circumstances.

The L-shaped steel bar connecting frame is L-shaped (see Figure 5), and includes two rectangular connecting parts distributed in the L-shape, and the intersection of the two rectangular connecting parts is provided with vertical dark columns distributed at the four corners of the same rectangle. Reinforcing bars 235, the outer ends of each of the rectangular connecting parts are provided with connecting side vertical reinforcing bars 231 distributed at the two corners of the ends, and the connecting side vertical reinforcing bars and the dark column vertical reinforcing bars pass through the corresponding stirrups 232 Connected as a whole, the vertical projection of the stirrups is a rectangle, and they are respectively hooped on the corresponding vertical steel bars on the connection side and the vertical steel bars on the dark column or on the vertical steel bars on the dark column respectively. The L The steel bar connecting frame is fixed in the concrete layer of the wall, and the rectangular connecting parts respectively extend to the steel meshes of the steel truss fixed formwork on both sides of the wall in the corresponding direction of the L-shaped node, and the rectangular connecting parts are connected with the corresponding steel meshes. The horizontal overlapping length of the steel mesh depends on the specific connection requirements, for example, it can be 300mm under normal circumstances.

The cross-shaped steel bar connecting frame is cross-shaped (see FIG. 6 ), and includes four rectangular connecting parts distributed in a cross shape, and the intersection of the four rectangular connecting parts is provided with vertical dark columns distributed at the four corners of the same rectangle. Reinforcing bars 245, the outer ends of each of the rectangular connecting parts are provided with connecting side vertical reinforcing bars 241 distributed at the two corners of the ends, and the connecting side vertical reinforcing bars and the dark column vertical reinforcing bars pass through the corresponding stirrups 242 The connection is integrated, and the vertical projection of the stirrups is rectangular, and the stirrups are respectively hooped on the corresponding connection side vertical steel bars, on the vertical steel bars on the hidden column, or on the vertical steel bars on the connecting side and the hidden column vertical steel bars. The cross-shaped steel bar connecting frame is fixed in the concrete layer of the wall, and each of the rectangular connecting parts respectively extends between the steel meshes of the steel truss fixed formwork on both sides of the wall in the corresponding direction of the cross-shaped node, and the rectangular connecting parts are connected with The horizontal overlapping length of the corresponding reinforcing meshes depends on the specific connection requirements, for example, it can be 300mm under normal circumstances.

The stirrups on each of the steel bar connecting frames can be rectangular and annular, and are hooped outside the corresponding vertical steel bars. Corresponding stirrups can be provided on the relevant vertical bars according to the prior art.

The combination of stirrups and related vertical steel bars can be determined according to the existing technology. For example, for T-shaped, L-shaped and cross-shaped steel bar connection frames, stirrups can be used to connect the vertical steel bars on the connecting side of each rectangular connecting part with the dark steel bars respectively. The vertical steel bars of the columns are connected together, and through these connections, the overall fixation of the steel bar connection frame and the mutual connection and fixation of the vertical steel bars of the hidden columns are realized. The connecting side vertical steel bars in the body have no hidden column vertical steel bars, and the stirrups simultaneously hoops the vertical steel bars of the rectangular connecting parts on each side.

Considering the needs of concrete pouring, the exposed wall surface 187 at the T-shaped wall and the L-shaped wall node corresponding to the T-shaped steel connecting frame and the L-shaped steel connecting frame (the outer side of the wall without the steel truss fixed formwork panel) ), a corresponding detachable formwork or permanent formwork can be supported according to the prior art, or a permanent formwork can be fixedly installed on the corresponding side of the corresponding steel bar connecting frame, which can be connected with the corresponding steel truss fixed formwork.

Referring to Figures 7-10, the reinforced truss formwork includes a panel 110, a reinforced truss 130, and is connected by transverse reinforcement 121 (here refers to the transverse direction of the reinforced truss formwork) and longitudinal reinforcement 122 (here refers to the longitudinal direction of the reinforced truss formwork). The steel mesh, the panel, the steel mesh and the steel truss are fixedly connected as a whole, which can usually be processed and prepared in the factory.

When used as a wall solid formwork, the panel faces outwards and the steel truss faces inward. After the wall concrete is poured into the space between the wall solid formwork and the wall solid formwork, the wall concrete will connect the reinforced truss and steel mesh of the wall solid formwork. Consolidated in it, the reinforcing bars (reinforcing bar mesh, reinforcing bar trusses, the same below) in the reinforcing bar truss formwork constitute the main reinforcing bars in the wall structure, and the thickness and distribution density of the relevant reinforcing bars can be selected according to the needs to adapt to the wall. Requirements, usually in the non-node parts of the wall structure without additional structural reinforcement.

Connecting steel bars can be arranged at the connection parts between the steel truss and the fixed formwork according to the needs.

When used as bottom plate bottom formwork and top plate bottom formwork, the panel is on the bottom and the steel bar truss is on the top, and corresponding additional steel bars can be set or not set on the steel bar truss according to the needs. The reinforcement mesh and reinforcement truss of the bottom fixed formwork or top plate bottom fixed formwork and the corresponding additional reinforcements (the additional reinforcement for the bottom plate or the additional reinforcement for the top plate, if any, the same below) are consolidated therein. and the corresponding additional reinforcing bars constitute the reinforcing bars in the bottom plate or the fixed plate.

There is a space between the steel mesh and the steel truss and the panel of the steel truss fixed formwork, and the space is supported and limited by the spacer 140, so as to form an effective concrete protective layer thickness on the outside of the steel mesh and the steel truss, which is not suitable for the steel mesh. Protected with steel trusses, even after the partial panels are removed, the steel will be wrapped by an effective concrete cover.

There is no prefabricated concrete layer on the reinforced truss solid formwork, especially no prefabricated concrete layer is set for the strength of the panel, so as to avoid excessive weight and affect the storage, transportation and on-site installation, and there is no need to increase the corresponding equipment, technology and equipment due to prefabricated concrete. Time and space required for concrete curing. The production equipment and processes required to manufacture this steel truss formwork are conventional machining equipment and processes, which can be well adapted to factory production.

An interface layer, an oxygen-insulating fire-proof layer or an anti-corrosion layer can be sprayed on the reinforced truss solid formwork, especially on the inner surface of the panel, according to actual needs.

The panel is preferably made of a non-metallic sheet, and other materials or a metal-non-metal composite sheet may also be used. Non-metallic panels can be made of suitable existing building wall panels or other panels suitable for mechanical processing and can be used as walls to meet people's texture requirements for walls, and preferably also suitable for mechanical processing. In order to realize mechanization and automatic processing, after the building is completed, grooves can be cut on the panels located on the surface of the wall for pipeline installation.

For example, the panel can be made of wood flour or other biomass fine particle/powder materials as the main raw material or one of the main raw materials, mixed with inorganic materials with binding ability, and cured by natural curing or heating curing and other suitable methods Form the corresponding non-metallic sheet. Such non-metallic plates usually have suitable strength, are not deformed, and are suitable for machining such as cutting and punching, and such plates used for construction under the background of the prior art generally have good flame retardant properties.

The thickness of the panel shall ensure the corresponding strength and the setting requirements of decoration or related facilities and structures.

The reinforcement mesh is preferably located between the reinforcement trusses and the panels.

The longitudinal reinforcement bars on the same reinforcement mesh are preferably located on the same plane and parallel to each other, and the transverse reinforcement bars are preferably located in the same plane and parallel to each other.

The transverse reinforcement of the reinforcement mesh is preferably located on the near-panel side of the longitudinal reinforcement, preferably in contact with the lower chord reinforcement of the reinforcement truss. In this case, the spacer block is usually only provided between the transverse reinforcement and the panel, and further preferably, a plurality of spacers are usually provided between each transverse reinforcement and the panel. According to actual needs, some transverse reinforcement and the panel It is also possible to set no spacers in between.

The number of the steel mesh is set to any number according to actual needs, usually one layer, which can be an independent mesh, or a plurality of independent meshes spliced with each other. The number of the steel trusses is set to Any number, usually multiple, eg two, three or four.

When a spacer is provided between the reinforcing mesh and the panel to define the distance between the two, the lateral surface of the reinforcing mesh of the spacer is preferably provided with a transverse reinforcement positioning groove, and the transverse reinforcement is arranged in all contact with it. The transverse reinforcement locating grooves on the spacer block facilitate the assembly and fixation of the reinforcement mesh.

The transverse reinforcement positioning groove can be a rectangular groove, a circular arc groove, a V-shaped groove, a U-shaped groove or any other suitable form. When it is a rectangular groove, the groove depth should generally not be greater than the diameter of the transverse reinforcement; when it is a circular arc groove, the groove depth should usually not be larger than the radius of the transverse reinforcement. The transverse reinforcement is arranged on the corresponding transverse reinforcement positioning groove, which facilitates the positioning of the transverse reinforcement and facilitates the assembly of the reinforcement mesh in the production of the reinforcement truss fixed formwork.

For any block, usually at least one transverse reinforcement should be pressed on the top of the block, and the transverse reinforcement pressed on the top of the block is embedded in the groove on the upper surface of the block, and part of it is exposed and protruded from the groove. The surface of the cushion block is removed to ensure effective contact with the corresponding lower chord bar of the steel truss, and it is released from the space between the cushion block and the steel truss.

The reinforcement mesh in the reinforcement truss template is sandwiched between the reinforcement truss and the pad, which is convenient for factory processing. The transverse reinforcement and the longitudinal reinforcement that make up the reinforcement mesh can be welded into a whole to form a whole reinforcement mesh, so as to facilitate the processing operation.

Whether the transverse reinforcement and longitudinal reinforcement in the reinforcement truss template can be made to protrude from the corresponding ends of the panel according to the needs, the protruding part 124 is used as the connecting reinforcement in the corresponding direction, when it is not necessary to set this direction on the reinforcement truss template When connecting steel bars on the upper side, the transverse steel bars or longitudinal steel bars in this direction do not extend out, so as to facilitate storage and transportation and on-site construction.

The reinforced truss should usually be arranged longitudinally (here refers to the longitudinal direction of the reinforced truss template), and its lower chord bars are located near the panel side of its upper chord bars and parallel to the longitudinal bars of the reinforced mesh.

The number of reinforced trusses in the reinforced truss template is one or more, which can be set according to actual needs. When the number is plural, each of the steel bar trusses is parallel to each other.

The steel bar truss can adopt any suitable prior art, usually can be provided with upper chord bars 131, lower chord bars 132, and belly bars 133 fixedly connected between the upper chord bars and the lower chord bars, and the specific shape can adopt any appropriate prior art, For example, a common steel truss in practice is a triangular truss, the upper and lower chord bars are distributed in a zigzag shape, and two sides are respectively provided with web bars connecting the upper chord bars and the corresponding side lower chord bars, and the web bars are roughly wavy or zigzag. , the top is welded on the upper chord rib, and the bottom is welded on the lower chord rib on the corresponding side.

The lower chord bars in the reinforcing bar truss and the longitudinal bars of the reinforcing mesh are parallel to each other and do not contact each other, and together constitute the longitudinal bars of the solid formwork.

Reinforced trusses can be set according to specific conditions such as the width of the solid formwork and the force. When a plurality of steel bar trusses are provided, each of the steel bar trusses is parallel to each other and has the same distance from the panel. Normally, the steel trusses can be equally spaced.

The spacer block is preferably arranged at a position corresponding to the lower chord bar of the steel truss, and the number of spacer blocks between the same lower chord bar and the panel is multiple.

The spacer can be fixed on the panel in any suitable manner. For example, when a wooden spacer block is used, the spacer block is preferably fastened to the panel by self-tapping screws 146 to facilitate mechanical manufacture, and other methods such as bonding can also be used to fix the spacer block on the panel. Through the setting of the pad, a certain distance is formed between the steel mesh, the steel truss and the panel, and the poured concrete is filled in the space to form an effective concrete protective layer for the steel bar. The specific thickness can be set according to actual needs.

The non-metallic material used as a panel can also be used as a spacer, and the spacer of this material is easy to bond with the panel, easy to slot and punch, and can adapt to self-tapping screw fastening, etc., and the spacer made of pure wood can be used. The processing performance is similar, and it is not easy to absorb water and deform. For the convenience of expression, the panels or pads prepared in the above-mentioned manner with wood materials as the main material are collectively referred to as wood panels or wood pads.

The spacer block can also be made of other suitable materials such as plastic. When the spacer block is provided with a clamping structure for fixing the lower chord bars of the steel bar truss, the use of plastic material is easier to manufacture the spacer block and is beneficial to ensure the use effect.

The spacer is placed between the lower chord bar and the face plate of the reinforced truss, and the transverse reinforcement of the reinforcing mesh is located between the lower chord and the spacer of the steel truss, and is placed on the reinforcing bar positioning groove on the side surface of the far panel of the spacer block, part of the Or basically all fall into the corresponding reinforcement positioning groove, the transverse reinforcement is usually in contact with the lower chord of the reinforcement truss, and a certain mutual extrusion force is maintained through the connector to ensure the integrity of the reinforcement formwork for the reinforcement truss. The transverse reinforcement, the spacer and the panel are tightly pressed together, and the transverse reinforcement has no longitudinal movement allowance, and there is no lateral sliding.

The number of spacers arranged between the same bottom chord bar and the panel of the same steel truss is multiple, and the spacers are regularly distributed along the extending direction of the bottom chord bar with equal or unequal spacing.

Referring to Figures 11-14, connectors can be used to fasten the steel trusses to the panels. Alternatively, the steel truss and the pad should be firmly connected together, and at the same time, the pad should be securely connected to the panel. The parts in the reinforced truss formwork are fixed and connected as a whole to facilitate handling and on-site hoisting, and ensure that the position of each part remains unchanged.

The shape and distribution of the connecting pieces may adopt any suitable prior art.

A preferred embodiment of the connector is an inverted V-shaped connector, which is in the shape of an inverted V and is buckled on the corresponding steel truss, and the two legs 162 at the bottom are respectively fastened by self-tapping screws 166 or other suitable means. The panel 110 can also be fixed on a spacer block as required, and the spacer block is fixed on the panel, so that the reinforced truss, the reinforced concrete, the spacer block and the panel are fixed as a whole.

The specific structure of the above-mentioned inverted V-shaped connector is as follows: the main body part or the overall inverted V-shape or U-shape is provided with side plates 161 on both sides, and the bottom ends of the side plates are provided with feet 162. The feet are preferably It is in the shape of a flat plate extending outward, and can be provided with through holes that can pass through screws. When in use, the connecting piece is fastened to the corresponding steel truss, and the two legs at the bottom are respectively connected by self-tapping screws 166 or other suitable It is fastened to the panel in such a way that the reinforcing bar truss, the reinforcing bar or the reinforcing mesh between the reinforcing bar truss and the bottom, the spacer between the reinforcing bar truss and the panel can be fastened together with the panel. The structure is simple and the connection is firm, and the load-bearing capacity is relatively large. After setting a sufficient number according to the load-bearing requirements, it is allowed to be lifted directly through the upper string bar. The connector and its installation method can be well adapted to the automatic processing of the solid formwork.

Another preferred embodiment of the connecting piece is a U-shaped connecting piece, the overall shape is U-shaped, the snap-on type is adopted, and two opposite clamping plates 171 are provided. The lower part of the truss is small, the distance between the lower parts is large, and the top ends are provided with inward bending hooks 172, and the lower chord bars on both sides of the steel truss are respectively clamped in the corresponding side clips.

The specific structure of this connecting piece can be as follows: the two clamping plates are elastic clamping plates, which are fixedly connected to the clamping plate panel 175. Inwardly extending, the card board panel is fixedly installed on the corresponding pad 140, or the two card boards can be directly fixed and installed on the pad block, in this case, the card board panel can be regarded as the The panel is one piece with no clear boundaries. The lower chord bars 131 on both sides of the steel bar truss are respectively clamped in the corresponding side clips, and enter the groove-shaped area 173 under the hooks at the top of the corresponding clipboards, and the connectors are installed by suitable methods such as screw fastening and bonding. On the corresponding spacers, a connection assembly with spacers is formed. This connection assembly can be fastened to the panel through self-tapping screws 176, and the lower chord bars on both sides of the steel bar truss are aligned with the two card boards and lowered, relying on the steel bars. The gravity of the truss itself can prop up the top of the two clamping plates and fall between the two clamping plates. The lower chord bars enter the groove-shaped area formed by the clamping plates and their top hooks. The steel bar trusses are clamped on both sides, and the inclination angle of the clamp plate and the size and elastic force of each part can be set according to actual needs, so that the lower part of the steel bar truss can enter between the two clamp plates and be clamped.

The card board panel is provided with through holes for installing screws, and self-tapping screws can be used to directly tap the corresponding through holes and fasten the spacer on the panel without presetting such through holes. A head diameter expansion groove for accommodating the screw can be provided on the upper part of the through hole, or a vertical long groove 174 covering the diameter expansion section can be opened, and the self-tapping screw is screwed into the long groove, because it is used to accommodate the self-tapping screw. The head of the screw is in the form of a long slot, and the self-tapping screw can be screwed in at any position in the vertical direction. Therefore, this long slot form is easier to flexibly set the self-tapping screw (or other screws etc.) firmware) to facilitate assembly operations.

The U-shaped connector preferably adopts an integrated structure of a pad block and a plate, and a clip part and a pad part are formed at one time. This integrated structure of a pad block and a plate can be used as a pad with a clip structure.

Another preferred embodiment of the connecting piece is the C-shaped connecting piece. A C-shaped connector with a symmetrical structure is equivalent to cutting the above-mentioned U-shaped connector from the middle and dividing it into two parts: left and right, which are respectively positive C-shaped and inverse C-shaped, which can be called left connector and right connector respectively. , each connector is only provided with a single-sided clip on the corresponding side. These two connectors are used to clamp the corresponding lower chord bars on the left and right sides of the reinforced truss. Relative to the same reinforced truss, the left connector and the right connector It can be arranged symmetrically, or it can be arranged alternately in the vertical direction and distributed alternately.

The left connecting piece and the right connecting piece preferably adopt an integrated structure of a pad and a plate to form an integrated connecting piece with both the function of a pad and a connecting piece, which can be a metal piece, a plastic piece or other materials.

Blocks and connectors can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the desired connection. For example, in the reinforced truss fixing formwork, the fixed connection method of the reinforced mesh, the reinforced truss and the panel may be: the reinforced truss is fixedly connected to the panel through a connector, and then the reinforced mesh and the panel are fixedly connected. A spacer is sandwiched between the two for securing. In this case, the panel, the spacer, the steel mesh and the steel truss may not be additionally provided with fixed connections in sequence. However, the pads can usually be fixed on the panel by means of bonding, screwing and nailing, so as to facilitate the assembly operation and improve the connection strength and reliability of the steel truss fixed formwork.

When a spacer is provided between the reinforcing mesh and the panel, the fixed connection method of the reinforcing mesh, the reinforcing truss and the panel in the reinforcing steel truss template may also be: the reinforcing truss is connected by The piece is fixedly connected with the spacer block and the spacer block is fixedly installed on the panel, thereby sandwiching the steel mesh between the spacer block and the steel bar truss. Due to this clamping effect, especially since the spacer block is provided with a positioning groove that cooperates with the transverse reinforcement, the reinforcement mesh is difficult to move after being clamped, and there is no need to fix the reinforcement mesh separately.

In the above connection mode, the inverted V-shaped connector can be used to realize the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the panel, and can also be used to realize the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the pad.

The U-shaped connector or the C-shaped connector can be used to realize the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the spacer. The left connector and the right connector are preferably arranged alternately or symmetrically in the vertical direction. The one-side clamping plates of the connecting piece and the right connecting piece are respectively clamped on the lateral outer sides of the lower chord bars on the corresponding sides of the steel truss.

The U-shaped connector or C-shaped connector integrated with the spacer can be regarded as a clamping structure on the spacer for connecting the steel bar truss, and this spacer can be regarded as a spacer with a clamped structure.

For the convenience of manufacturing, storage and transportation, and the integrity of the reinforced truss, in the manufacturing process of the reinforced truss fixed formwork, the spacer is usually placed at the set position on the panel first, and it is fastened and nailed by self-tapping screws. The spacer is fixed on the panel by means of nails, bonding, etc., and then the steel mesh is placed on the spacer, and the corresponding transverse reinforcement on the steel mesh is placed on the reinforcement positioning groove of the corresponding spacer, thereby facilitating the reinforcement of the steel. Laying and positioning of the mesh, and then placing the reinforced truss on the reinforced mesh, tightening the reinforced truss and the panel through connectors, or fixing the corresponding lower chord bars through the card plate/slot structure on the pad, thus Form a reinforced truss formwork.

In the manufacturing process of reinforced truss fixed formwork, the panel is usually placed flat below, and the pads, steel mesh and steel truss are placed in sequence from bottom to top. The steel bars are in contact and can be considered to be on the same plane.

In the manufacturing process of reinforced truss formwork, the longitudinal and transverse steel bars should usually be welded into a mesh before assembly, so as to improve the integrity of the steel mesh and prevent the steel bars from moving or detaching, especially for automated processing, reducing The action of processing machinery improves production efficiency.

In the construction of the pipe gallery, the supporting position of the steel truss fixed formwork is based on the design requirements.

For the wall, the spacing between the panels of the wall solid formwork on both sides constitutes the thickness of the reinforced concrete wall, and the reinforcing bars in the reinforcing bar truss solid formwork and the reinforcing bars of the reinforcing bar connecting frame at the nodes constitute the main reinforcing bars of the wall, except for some In addition to a small number of connecting ribs required in certain circumstances, there is no need to arrange additional reinforcing bars, which greatly facilitates the on-site action. The edge members of the wall (if any, the same below) and the interlayer connection can be based on the existing technology.

The existing technologies such as tie bolts can be used to realize the tie fixing of the solid formwork on both sides of the wall. Since there is a steel connecting frame in the wall at the horizontal connection part, the steel connecting frame is supported between the steel meshes of the fixed formwork on both sides. , the steel connection frame can be used as the support between the two sides of the fixed formwork for tie support to ensure the spacing between the two sides of the fixed formwork. Pads are arranged between the nets to form the required spacing, and these pads can be in any suitable form such as existing pads, which can be called additional supports.

Usually, you can install the steel bar connection frame at the wall node first, and then install the wall solid formwork on the outside of the steel bar connection frame. Since the steel bar connection frame is a prefabricated three-dimensional steel frame, the steel bar truss solid formwork is also a prefabricated three-dimensional formwork. The structure can be directly erected and placed on the corresponding foundation, which is much easier to install than the existing formwork and existing connecting steel bars.

According to the design requirements, a space of less than 10mm is usually reserved between the panels of the adjacent wall solid formwork on the same side. This space can be used as an expansion joint and can facilitate installation operations. After the solid formwork is installed and fixed, tape or other suitable The item is closed from the gap.

The transverse reinforcement of the reinforcement mesh on the steel truss fixed formwork used as the bottom fixed formwork of the bottom plate and the bottom fixed formwork of the top plate can be extended from the corresponding side edges of the panel to be used as connecting reinforcement between the fixed formwork, or not from the corresponding sides of the panel. The edges on both sides extend out. When the two ends of the transverse reinforcement do not extend from the corresponding sides of the panel, the connection parts between the adjacent reinforcement truss formwork can be connected in the same way as the in-line joints of the wall. The one-line steel connection frame of the one-line joint is similar to the steel connection frame of the structure as the connecting steel bar.

Preferably, the lower and upper end parts of the outer wall solid formwork of the outer wall body are used as the concrete pouring side formwork of the bottom plate and the top plate, and the lower end edge of the panel of the outer wall solid formwork of the outer wall body and the corresponding bottom plate bottom solid formwork The corresponding side edges of the panels are adjacent, and the upper edge extends to the top surface of the top slab concrete layer.

The inner wall solid formwork of the outer wall and partition wall (if any, the same below), the lower end edge of the panel of the wall solid formwork is preferably located at the bottom of the bottom plate. If there is any, the same below), it can usually be in contact with the steel truss of the fixed formwork at the bottom of the base plate or the additional steel bar at the bottom, and supported on the steel truss of the fixed formwork at the bottom of the base plate or the additional steel bar of the base plate, usually the base plate concrete can be poured in the layer. The upper end edges of the inner wall solid formwork of the outer wall and the panels of the wall solid formwork on both sides of the partition wall are adjacent to the corresponding side edges of the panels of the bottom solid formwork of the top plate at the corresponding part, so that the inner wall of the wall is adjacent. Both the surface and the bottom surface of the top plate consist of panels.

The two ends of the steel mesh and the steel truss of the wall solid formwork can be staggered or vertically adjacent to the bottom bottom fixed formwork and the bottom fixed formwork of the bottom fixed formwork and the corresponding ends of the steel truss respectively, so as to form an effective anchorage.

Several standardized reinforced truss formwork specifications can be designed to facilitate industrial production. During design and construction, the reinforced truss formwork can be adapted to the specifications as needed during design and use.

The concrete pouring and curing involved in the present invention can be carried out by using a conventional concrete pouring and curing method, and the vibration can be carried out by using an existing conventional vibration method. The mutual contact and consolidation of each part of the poured concrete at the joint can be achieved according to the prior art.

According to needs, several ventilation holes can be arranged on the panel of the steel truss fixed formwork to facilitate the discharge of internal air bubbles formed during concrete pouring and vibration.

The above-mentioned ventilation holes can be provided before the reinforced truss formwork leaves the factory. For example, punch holes near the four corners of the panel (for example, 15mm away from each side edge), or after the reinforced truss template is installed and fixed on site, use an electric drill to punch holes at the location where bubble holes are prone to occur. Suitable for machining, this drilling method is also very easy.

The preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present invention can be arbitrarily combined to form several different technical solutions, unless otherwise specified and unless one preferred or optional technical means is further defined as another technical means.

Claims (10)

1. A formwork-dismantling-free concrete single-cabin or multi-cabin pipe gallery comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and wall bodies which are connected with each other, wherein each wall body comprises outer wall bodies positioned on two sides of the pipe gallery, the top and the bottom of each outer wall body are respectively connected with the corresponding sides of the top plate and the corresponding side of the bottom plate, the wall bodies also comprise or do not comprise partition wall bodies, each partition wall body is positioned between the outer wall bodies on the two sides, the top and the bottom of each partition wall body are respectively connected with the top plate and the corresponding side of the bottom plate, the formwork-dismantling-free concrete single-cabin or multi-cabin pipe gallery is characterized in that each wall body is of a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure and consists of wall body fixing formworks positioned on the two sides of the wall body and wall body concrete layers poured between the wall body fixing formworks on the two sides of the wall body, each wall body fixing formwork adopts a reinforced truss fixing formwork, a panel of each wall body fixing formwork faces the outer side of the wall body, a reinforced truss faces the inner side of the wall body, and the reinforced mesh and the reinforced truss on the wall body fixing formwork are fixedly solidified in the wall body concrete layer of the wall body concrete layer, the reinforcing steel bar truss formwork comprises a panel, a reinforcing steel bar net and a reinforcing steel bar truss, wherein the reinforcing steel bar net and the reinforcing steel bar truss are positioned on one side of the panel, a precast concrete layer is not arranged on the reinforcing steel bar truss formwork, the panel of the reinforcing steel bar truss formwork used as the wall formwork forms a permanent formwork of a corresponding wall body, the reinforcing steel bar net and the reinforcing steel bar truss of the reinforcing steel bar truss formwork used as the wall formwork form a reinforcing steel bar in a concrete layer of the corresponding wall body, a distance smaller than 10mm is reserved between the panels of adjacent wall formwork on the same side, the reinforcing steel bar net and the reinforcing steel bar truss are used as expansion joints, the top plate is constructed by adopting a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure or a prefabricated component splicing technology, the lower end part and the upper end part of the outer side wall body formwork of the outer wall body are respectively used as concrete pouring side molds of the bottom plate and the top plate, the lower end edge of the panel of the outer side wall body formwork of the outer wall body is abutted against the corresponding side edge of the panel of the bottom formwork of the corresponding bottom plate, the upper end edge extends to the top surface of the concrete layer of the top plate, a steel bar mesh in the steel bar truss fixing template is positioned between the steel bar truss and the panel, a cushion block used for limiting the distance between the steel bar mesh and the panel is arranged between the steel bar mesh and the panel, the steel bar truss is provided with an upper chord rib, a lower chord rib and a web rib fixedly connected between the upper chord rib and the lower chord rib, the upper chord rib and the lower chord rib are distributed in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin', the cushion block is arranged between the lower chord rib of the steel bar truss and the panel, the steel bar mesh of the steel bar truss fixing template is formed by connecting a plurality of longitudinal steel bars and a plurality of transverse steel bars, the longitudinal steel bars on the same steel bar mesh are positioned on the same plane and are parallel to each other, the transverse steel bars of the steel bar mesh are positioned on the near-plate side of the longitudinal steel bars and are contacted with the lower chord rib of the steel bar truss, and the truss steel bar mesh is arranged longitudinally, the lower chord rib is positioned on the side of the near panel of the upper chord rib and is parallel to the longitudinal steel bar of the steel bar mesh, the steel bar truss is fixedly connected with the cushion block through a connecting piece, the cushion block is fixedly connected on the panel, and the connecting piece is any one of the following:

the connecting piece is an inverted V-shaped connecting piece and is used for realizing the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the panel or the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the cushion block, the inverted V-shaped connecting piece is inverted V-shaped and is buckled on the corresponding steel bar truss, and two support legs at the bottom of the inverted V-shaped connecting piece are respectively and fixedly connected to the panel or the corresponding cushion block;

the connecting piece is a U-shaped connecting piece or a C-shaped connecting piece and is used for realizing the fixed connection of the steel bar truss and the cushion block, the U-shaped connecting piece is provided with a left clamping plate and a right clamping plate which are symmetrical to each other, the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are obliquely arranged in opposite directions, the distance between the upper parts of the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate is small, the distance between the lower parts of the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate is large, inward hooks are arranged at the top ends of the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate, the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are connected to an integrated base or an independent base of the cushion block, the integrated base and the cushion block are integrated, the independent base is an independent piece and is fixedly connected to the cushion block, and the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are respectively clamped at the transverse outer sides of the lower chord rib at the corresponding side of the steel bar truss; the C-shaped connecting piece comprises a left connecting piece and a right connecting piece which are symmetrical to each other, the C-shaped connecting pieces of the two forms are used in a matched mode, the left connecting piece and the right connecting piece are respectively provided with single-side clamping plates on respective corresponding sides, the single-side clamping plates are connected to an integrated base or an independent base, the integrated base and the cushion block are integrated, the independent base is an independent piece and fixedly connected to the cushion block, the left connecting piece and the right connecting piece are vertically and alternately arranged or symmetrically arranged, the single-side clamping plates on the left connecting piece and the right connecting piece are oppositely arranged in an inclined mode in the left-right direction, the upper portion of the independent base is small in interval, the lower portion of the independent base is large in interval, inward hooks are arranged at the top ends of the independent base and the single-side clamping plates of the left connecting piece and the right connecting piece are respectively clamped on the transverse outer sides of lower chord ribs on the corresponding sides of the steel bar truss.

2. The removal-free form concrete single-cabin pipe gallery or multi-cabin pipe gallery of claim 1, wherein the top plate is constructed by a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure or a prefabricated component splicing technology, when the top plate is constructed by the cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, the top plate is composed of a top plate bottom fixed form and a top plate concrete layer poured on the top plate bottom fixed form, the top plate bottom fixed form is a reinforced truss fixed form, a reinforced mesh and a reinforced truss are positioned on the top plate and are fixedly connected in the top plate concrete layer, two sides of the top plate concrete layer are respectively fixedly connected with the wall concrete layers on the corresponding sides, top plate additional steel bars are or are not arranged in the top plate concrete layer, the top plate additional steel bars are positioned on the reinforced trusses of the top plate bottom fixed form and are fixedly connected in the top plate concrete layer, and the reinforcing mesh and the reinforcing truss of the reinforcing truss fixing template used as the top plate bottom fixing template form reinforcing steel bars in the corresponding top plate concrete layer.

3. The disassembly-free form concrete single-cabin or multi-cabin pipe gallery of claim 1, wherein the bottom plate is of a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure or a prefabricated component splicing structure, the bottom plate of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure is composed of a bottom plate bottom fixing form and a bottom plate concrete layer poured on the bottom plate bottom fixing form, the bottom plate bottom fixing form is a reinforced truss fixing form, a reinforced mesh and a reinforced truss are positioned on the top surface plate of the bottom plate fixing form and are fixedly connected in the bottom plate concrete layer, two sides of the bottom plate concrete layer are respectively fixedly connected with the wall concrete layers on the corresponding sides, bottom plate additional steel bars are or are not arranged in the bottom plate concrete layer, the bottom plate additional steel bars are positioned on the reinforced truss of the bottom plate surface plate and are fixedly connected in the bottom plate concrete layer to form upper steel bars in the bottom plate concrete layer, the reinforcing steel bar net and the reinforcing steel bar truss of the reinforcing steel bar truss fixed template used as the bottom fixed template of the bottom plate form the reinforcing steel bars in the concrete layer of the corresponding bottom plate.

4. The disassembly-free form concrete single-cabin pipe gallery or multi-cabin pipe gallery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of the cushion blocks between the same lower chord rib and the panel is multiple.

5. The formwork-free concrete single-cabin or multi-cabin pipe gallery of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of the steel bar trusses in the steel bar truss fixing formwork is one or more, when the number of the steel bar trusses is more, the steel bar trusses are parallel to each other, the side surface of the steel bar net of the cushion block is provided with transverse steel bar positioning grooves, and the transverse steel bars are arranged on the transverse steel bar positioning grooves on the cushion block which is in contact with the transverse steel bar positioning grooves.

6. The disassembly-free form concrete single-cabin or multi-cabin pipe gallery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the upper end edges of the panels of the wall fixing forms on both sides of the partition wall body are abutted with the corresponding side edges of the panels of the top plate bottom fixing forms at the corresponding positions.

7. The formwork-free concrete single-cabin pipe gallery or multi-cabin pipe gallery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall body fixing formwork is formed by arranging a plurality of steel bar truss fixing formworks along the length direction of the pipe gallery, the steel bar truss fixing formworks on two sides of the wall body are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the pipe gallery in the transverse direction of the steel bar truss fixing formworks, the steel bar truss fixing formworks on two opposite sides are equal in size, a gap is reserved between the steel bar truss fixing formworks on the same side in the transverse direction,

the connection parts of the transversely adjacent steel bar truss fixed templates on the wall body form a straight-line-shaped node of the wall body, a straight-line-shaped steel bar connection frame is arranged in the wall body of the straight-line-shaped node and comprises connection side vertical steel bars and stirrups, the vertical projections of the stirrups are rectangular, the connection side vertical steel bars are respectively positioned at four corners of the rectangular vertical projections of the stirrups and are fixedly connected with the stirrups, the straight-line-shaped steel bar connection frame is fixedly connected in a concrete layer of the wall body, the left part and the right part in the transverse direction of the straight-line-shaped steel bar connection frame respectively form two rectangular connection parts in the corresponding direction, and each rectangular connection part respectively extends to the space between steel wire meshes of the steel bar truss fixed templates on two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the connection node;

when a T-shaped wall body exists, a T-shaped steel bar connecting frame is arranged in the wall body of the corresponding T-shaped node, the T-shaped steel bar connecting frame is T-shaped and comprises three rectangular connecting parts distributed in a T shape, hidden column vertical steel bars distributed at four corners of the same rectangle are arranged at the intersection parts of the three rectangular connecting parts, connecting side vertical steel bars distributed at two corners of the end part of each rectangular connecting part are arranged at the outer end of each rectangular connecting part, the connecting side vertical reinforcing steel bars and the hidden column vertical reinforcing steel bars are connected into a whole through corresponding stirrups, the vertical projections of the stirrups are rectangular and respectively hooped on the corresponding connecting side vertical reinforcing steel bars, the hidden column vertical reinforcing steel bars or the connecting side vertical reinforcing steel bars and the hidden column vertical reinforcing steel bars, the T-shaped steel bar connecting frames are fixedly connected in a concrete layer of the wall body, and each rectangular connecting part extends to a position between steel wire meshes of steel bar truss fixing templates on two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the T-shaped node;

when an L-shaped wall body exists, an L-shaped steel bar connecting frame is arranged in the wall body of the corresponding L-shaped node, the L-shaped steel bar connecting frame is L-shaped and comprises two rectangular connecting parts which are L-shaped, the intersection part of the two rectangular connecting parts is provided with embedded column vertical steel bars which are distributed at the four corners of the same rectangle, the outer end of each rectangular connecting part is provided with connecting side vertical steel bars which are distributed at the two corners of the end part of the rectangular connecting part, the connecting side vertical reinforcing steel bars and the hidden column vertical reinforcing steel bars are connected into a whole through corresponding stirrups, the vertical projections of the stirrups are rectangular and are respectively hooped on the corresponding connecting side vertical reinforcing steel bars and hidden column vertical reinforcing steel bars or the hidden column vertical reinforcing steel bars, the L-shaped steel bar connecting frames are fixedly connected in a concrete layer of the wall body, and each rectangular connecting part extends to a position between steel wire meshes of steel bar truss fixed templates on two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the L-shaped node;

when a cross-shaped wall body exists, a cross-shaped steel bar connecting frame is arranged in the wall body corresponding to the cross-shaped node, the cross-shaped steel bar connecting frame is cross-shaped and comprises four rectangular connecting parts which are distributed in a cross shape, hidden column vertical steel bars which are distributed at four corners of the same rectangle are arranged at the intersection parts of the four rectangular connecting parts, the outer end of each rectangular connecting part is provided with connecting side vertical steel bars which are distributed at two corners of the end part of each rectangular connecting part, the connecting side vertical reinforcing steel bars and the hidden column vertical reinforcing steel bars are connected into a whole through corresponding stirrups, the vertical projections of the stirrups are rectangular and respectively hooped on the corresponding connecting side vertical reinforcing steel bars, the hidden column vertical reinforcing steel bars or the connecting side vertical reinforcing steel bars and the hidden column vertical reinforcing steel bars, the cross-shaped steel bar connecting frame is fixedly connected in a concrete layer of the wall body, and each rectangular connecting part extends to the position between the steel wire meshes of the steel bar truss fixing templates on the two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the cross-shaped node.

8. A construction method of a formwork-disassembly-free concrete single-cabin pipe gallery or multi-cabin pipe gallery comprises the following construction steps:

A) the bottom plate construction comprises the following steps:

setting a bottom plate concrete pouring template: fixedly arranging a bottom plate bottom fixed template on a foundation, or not arranging the bottom plate bottom fixed template, directly taking the arranged foundation as the bottom surface for pouring bottom concrete, and supporting a bottom plate side mold, wherein the bottom plate bottom fixed template adopts a steel bar truss fixed template, a steel bar truss of the bottom plate fixed template faces upwards, and a panel is positioned below the steel bar truss;

setting a bottom plate steel bar: under the condition that a bottom plate bottom fixed template is not arranged, bottom plate steel bars are configured, and under the condition that the bottom plate bottom fixed template is arranged, bottom plate additional steel bars are arranged or not arranged on the steel bar truss of the bottom plate bottom fixed template according to design requirements;

pouring bottom plate concrete: pouring bottom plate concrete in the bottom plate template;

B) the wall construction comprises the following steps:

setting a wall concrete pouring template: the wall body fixing template is erected on two sides of a wall body, the wall body fixing template is a steel bar truss fixing template, a panel of the wall body fixing template faces outwards, a steel bar truss faces inwards, a space is reserved between the panels of adjacent wall body fixing templates on the same side and is used as an expansion joint, the lower end part and the upper end part of the outer side wall body fixing template of the outer wall body are respectively used as concrete pouring side molds of a bottom plate and a top plate, the lower end edge of the panel of the outer side wall body fixing template of the outer wall body is abutted to the corresponding side edge of the panel of the fixing template at the bottom of the corresponding bottom plate, the upper end edge extends to the top surface of a concrete layer of the top plate, a steel bar mesh of the steel bar truss fixing template is formed by connecting a plurality of longitudinal steel bars and a plurality of transverse steel bars, the longitudinal steel bars on the same steel bar mesh are positioned on the same plane and are parallel to each other, the transverse steel bars of the steel bar mesh are positioned on the same plane and are parallel to the near panel side of the longitudinal steel bars, the steel bar truss is in contact with the lower chord rib of the steel bar truss, the steel bar truss is longitudinally arranged, the lower chord rib of the steel bar truss is positioned on the side of the near panel of the upper chord rib and is parallel to the longitudinal steel bar of the steel bar mesh, the steel bar truss is fixedly connected with the cushion block through a connecting piece, the cushion block is fixedly connected to the panel, and the connecting piece is any one of the following:

the connecting piece is an inverted V-shaped connecting piece and is used for realizing the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the panel or the fixed connection between the steel bar truss and the cushion block, the inverted V-shaped connecting piece is inverted V-shaped and is buckled on the corresponding steel bar truss, and two support legs at the bottom of the inverted V-shaped connecting piece are respectively and fixedly connected to the panel or the corresponding cushion block;

the connecting piece is a U-shaped connecting piece or a C-shaped connecting piece and is used for fixedly connecting the steel bar truss and the cushion block, the U-shaped connecting piece is provided with a left clamping plate and a right clamping plate which are symmetrical to each other, the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are obliquely arranged in opposite directions, the distance between the upper parts of the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate is small, the distance between the lower parts of the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate is large, inward hooks are arranged at the top ends of the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate, the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are connected to an integrated base or an independent base used as the cushion block, the integrated base and the cushion block are integrated, the independent base is an independent piece and is fixedly connected to the cushion block, and the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are respectively clamped at the transverse outer sides of lower chord ribs on the corresponding sides of the steel bar truss; the C-shaped connecting piece comprises a left connecting piece and a right connecting piece which are symmetrical to each other, the C-shaped connecting pieces in the two forms are matched for use, the left connecting piece and the right connecting piece are respectively provided with single-side clamping plates on respective corresponding sides, the single-side clamping plates are connected to an integrated base or an independent base, the integrated base and the cushion block are integrated, the independent base is an independent piece and is fixedly connected to the cushion block, the left connecting piece and the right connecting piece are alternately or symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction, the single-side clamping plates on the left connecting piece and the right connecting piece are oppositely arranged in an inclined mode in the left-right direction, the upper portion of the independent base is small in interval, the lower portion of the independent base is large in interval, inward hooks are arranged at the top ends of the independent clamping plates, and the single-side clamping plates of the left connecting piece and the right connecting piece are respectively clamped on the transverse outer sides of lower chord ribs on the corresponding sides of the steel bar truss;

2) fixing the wall formwork: performing tie fixing on the wall fixing templates at two sides;

3) pouring wall concrete: concrete is poured between the wall body fixed templates at the two sides of the wall body, the wall body concrete and the bottom plate concrete are poured into a whole,

the wall bodies comprise outer wall bodies on two sides of the pipe gallery and also comprise or do not comprise partition wall bodies;

C) the roof construction comprises the following steps:

setting a top plate concrete pouring template: the method comprises the following steps of arranging a top plate bottom die supporting system, erecting a top plate bottom fixed template, erecting a top plate side die, wherein the top plate bottom fixed template adopts a steel bar truss fixed template, a steel bar truss of the steel bar truss is upward, and a panel of the steel bar truss is downward;

setting top plate steel bars: according to design requirements, arranging or not arranging top plate additional steel bars on the steel bar truss of the fixed template at the bottom of the top plate;

pouring top plate concrete; pouring top plate concrete in the top plate template, wherein the top plate concrete and the wall concrete are integrally built;

D) concrete curing: curing the cast-in-place concrete according to the requirement:

the reinforcing steel bar truss fixing template comprises a panel, a reinforcing steel bar net and a reinforcing steel bar truss, wherein the reinforcing steel bar net and the reinforcing steel bar truss are positioned on one side of the panel, a precast concrete layer is not arranged on the reinforcing steel bar truss fixing template, the reinforcing steel bar net, the reinforcing steel bar truss and the panel of the reinforcing steel bar truss fixing template are fixedly connected into a whole, the reinforcing steel bar truss is provided with an upper chord rib, a lower chord rib and a web rib which is fixedly connected between the upper chord rib and the lower chord rib, the upper chord rib and the lower chord rib are distributed in a shape of Chinese character 'pin',

the steel bar truss fixed formwork used as the wall fixed formwork is vertically arranged, and the steel bar truss fixed formwork used as the top plate bottom fixed formwork and the bottom plate bottom fixed formwork is transversely arranged.

9. The method for constructing a formwork-free concrete single-cabin pipe gallery or multi-cabin pipe gallery according to claim 8, wherein the outer wall fixing formwork of the outer wall body is erected before the bottom plate concrete layer is poured, the lower part of the outer wall fixing formwork of the outer wall body is taken as a bottom plate side formwork of the corresponding side, the panel of the outer wall body extends to the outer side of the pouring area of the bottom plate concrete layer, the bottom edge of the panel is adjacent to the corresponding side edge of the panel of the bottom plate fixing formwork, the upper part of the outer wall fixing formwork of the outer wall body is taken as a top plate side formwork of the corresponding side, the panel of the outer wall body extends to the outer side of the pouring area of the top plate concrete layer, and the top edge of the panel extends to the top surface of the top plate concrete layer.

10. The method for constructing a formwork-free concrete single-cabin or multi-cabin pipe gallery according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the connecting portions of the transversely adjacent wall body fixing formworks on the wall body form a straight-line-shaped node of the wall body, a straight-line-shaped reinforcing steel bar connecting frame is arranged at the straight-line-shaped node of the wall body, the straight-line-shaped reinforcing steel bar connecting frame is firstly installed in place before the wall body fixing formworks at the node portion are erected, so that two rectangular connecting portions of the straight-line-shaped reinforcing steel bar connecting frame are respectively arranged between steel wire meshes of the wall body fixing formworks at two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the node,

when a T-shaped wall body exists in the wall body, a T-shaped node steel bar connecting frame is arranged at a node of the T-shaped wall body, the T-shaped node steel bar connecting frame is installed in place before adjacent wall body fixed formworks are erected, three rectangular connecting parts of the T-shaped node steel bar connecting frame are respectively arranged between steel wire meshes of the wall body fixed formworks at two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the node,

when an L-shaped wall body exists in the wall body, an L-shaped node steel bar connecting frame is arranged at a node of the L-shaped wall body, the L-shaped node steel bar connecting frame is installed in place before the adjacent wall body fixed formworks are erected, two rectangular connecting parts of the L-shaped node steel bar connecting frame are respectively arranged between steel wire meshes of the wall body fixed formworks at two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the node,

when a cross-shaped wall body exists in the wall body, a cross-shaped node steel bar connecting frame is arranged at a node of the cross-shaped wall body, the cross-shaped node steel bar connecting frame is installed in place before adjacent wall body fixed formworks are erected, so that four rectangular connecting parts of the cross-shaped node steel bar connecting frame are respectively arranged between steel wire meshes of the wall body fixed formworks at two sides of the wall body in the corresponding direction of the node,

in the step of fixing the wall body formwork, corresponding steel bar connecting frames between the steel wire meshes of the two side wall body fixing formworks are used as supporting pieces to limit the distance between the two side wall body fixing formworks, the width of each rectangular connecting part is not more than the distance between the steel bar meshes of the two side wall body fixing formworks at the corresponding position, each side rectangular connecting part of the same steel bar connecting frame is respectively supported between the steel bar meshes of the inner side wall body fixing formwork and the outer side wall body fixing formwork at the corresponding side wall body of the node, and when the thickness of each rectangular connecting part is less than the distance between the steel wire meshes of the two side wall body fixing formworks at the corresponding position, an additional supporting piece is additionally arranged.

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