Automatic detection device and detection method for shield hob torque
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield machine cutter detection, and particularly relates to an automatic detection device and a detection method for shield hob torque.
Background
The torque of the shield hob directly influences the use of the hob, if the starting torque is too large, the hob is easy to be eccentrically worn, the starting torque is too small, and the hob bearing is easy to be scattered, so that the detection of the starting torque of the shield hob before delivery is very important. At present, the starting torque detection of the shield hob mainly depends on a simple tool and a torque wrench, and is detected in a manual torque wrench mode, for example, patent document CN201844899U discloses a hob torque detection device of a shield machine, and when the device is used, a cutter shaft is fixed, and a dial type manual torque wrench is used for clamping a nut to rotate, so that the torque is measured. The method has the advantages of low automation degree, low production efficiency, high labor intensity of staff and high influence of the staff on the detection result.
The patent document with the document number of CN106052765A discloses a dynamic detection device for a hob of a shield machine, the device drives a hob ring of a hob to rotate through a transmission groove to detect hob torque, the device essentially changes a detection tool and a torque wrench into a motor to drive a driving wheel and further drive the hob ring to rotate to carry out torque detection on the basis of manual detection, the mode replaces part of manual operation by the motor, but the improvement of production efficiency and staff labor intensity is not obvious, the degree of automation is not high, the operation of manually adjusting, moving, fastening and the like is required, and the manual operation factors such as whether a groove of the driving wheel is completely matched with the hob ring, whether the platform is fixed firmly and the like can influence the detection result to different degrees, and further the detection precision is directly influenced. In addition, the friction force of the driving wheel drives the cutter ring to rotate, on one hand, the friction force is very difficult to select, the cutter ring cannot rotate due to too low friction force, the accuracy of a starting torque detection result is affected due to too high friction force, on the other hand, the shape and the friction force of the driving wheel are matched with those of the shield hob, the cutter ring of the shield hob is quite various in shape and structure, the universality of the device is low, the driving wheel needs to be frequently replaced according to the difference of the cutter ring, the use is inconvenient, and the production efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an automatic detection device and a detection method capable of automatically detecting the torque of a shield hob, which can improve the detection efficiency of products in an automatic detection mode, reduce the labor intensity of staff, reduce the interference of human factors on detection results and improve the detection accuracy.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
The automatic detection device comprises a tray assembly used for supporting a cutter shaft for placing a shield hob and driving the cutter shaft to rotate, a driving mechanism used for driving the tray assembly to rotate is connected to the tray assembly, a torque measuring instrument used for measuring the rotation torque of the cutter shaft is arranged between the driving mechanism and the tray assembly, and a clamping mechanism used for pressing and fixing a cutter ring of the shield hob to prevent the cutter ring from rotating is further arranged on the side face of the shield hob.
The automatic detection device comprises a tray base and a detection tray, wherein the tray base is connected with the driving mechanism through the torque measuring instrument, the detection tray is detachably and fixedly arranged on the tray base, a groove for placing the cutter shaft is formed in the detection tray, and the groove is matched with the cutter shaft in shape.
The automatic detection device is characterized in that a positioning structure is arranged between the tray base and the detection tray, the positioning structure comprises a positioning block and a positioning groove which are matched with each other, one of the positioning block and the positioning groove is arranged on the tray base, and the other one of the positioning block and the positioning groove is arranged on the detection tray.
In the above automatic detection device, preferably, the positioning block is a hexagonal prism-shaped boss structure, the positioning groove is a hexagonal prism-shaped groove structure matched with the hexagonal prism-shaped boss structure, the positioning block is arranged on the detection tray, and the positioning groove is arranged on the tray base.
The automatic detection device comprises a driving mechanism, a driving motor and a spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism, wherein one end of the spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism is connected with the driving motor, the other end of the spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism is connected with a coupler, the coupler is further connected with a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected with the torque measuring instrument through a connecting flange.
The automatic detection device comprises a support, wherein the support comprises a bottom plate and two side plates, the driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, the two side plates are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom plate respectively, a middle support plate is fixedly arranged between the two side plates, a through hole for the transmission shaft to pass through is formed in the middle support plate, and a bearing matched with the transmission shaft is arranged in the through hole.
In the above automatic detection device, preferably, the support is provided with a support frame for supporting the clamping mechanism, and the support frame is connected with the support frame through a height adjusting mechanism.
The automatic detection device preferably comprises the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping block and an air cylinder used for driving the clamping block to move in a telescopic mode to clamp the cutter ring, the contact surface of the clamping block and the cutter ring is arc-shaped and matched with the cutter ring, and the other surface of the clamping block is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder.
In the automatic detection device, preferably, a plurality of anti-skid grooves are formed in the contact surface of the clamping block and the cutter ring.
As a general technical idea, the present invention also provides a method for detecting torque of a shield hob by adopting the automatic detection device, comprising the following steps,
S1, placing a cutter shaft of a shield hob on a tray assembly, and then compacting a cutter ring of the shield hob through a clamping mechanism, so that the shield hob is fixed;
S2, starting the driving mechanism to transmit rotary power to the cutter shaft through the tray assembly, and measuring the starting torque of the shield hob by the torque measuring instrument when the cutter shaft starts to rotate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
According to the automatic detection device and the detection method for the torque of the shield hob, the cutter shaft is supported and placed on the tray assembly, the cutter ring is clamped and fixed through the clamping mechanism, the tray assembly is driven to rotate through the driving mechanism so as to drive the cutter shaft to rotate, the rotation torque of the cutter shaft to start rotating is measured and recorded through the torque measuring instrument in the process, so that the automatic detection of the torque of the shield hob is realized, manual operation is not needed in the detection process, the rotation of the cutter shaft is realized through the driving mechanism, the torque measuring instrument is used for automatically measuring, the automation degree of the whole detection process is high, the production efficiency is high, the labor intensity of staff is greatly reduced, the influence of human factors on the detection result is eliminated, the automatic detection device is suitable for a large-batch production process, and the production cost is effectively reduced.
In the prior art, the detection of the starting torque of the shield hob is carried out by rotating the hob ring, the detection mode has poor universality, the friction force for driving the hob ring to rotate needs to consider the influence of various factors, the friction force is difficult to select, the hob shaft of the shield hob is adopted as an object for detection, the detection is carried out by rotating the hob shaft, the adverse effects of difficult adjustment, influence on detection precision and the like caused by friction force rotation are avoided, and the method has the advantages of good universality, wide application range and the like. In addition, the detection device has the advantages of high automation degree, small labor intensity of manual operation, minimized influence of manual operation on detection results, small volume, simple and compact structure, high detection precision and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of an automatic shield hob torque detection device according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the automatic shield cutter torque detection device according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic shield hob torque detection device according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the clamp block in this embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of the automatic shield hob torque detection device according to the present embodiment after disassembly.
Legend description:
1. The device comprises a tray assembly, a tray base, 12, a detection tray, 13, a positioning block, 14, a positioning groove, 2, a driving mechanism, 21, a driving motor, 22, a spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism, 23, a coupler, 24, a transmission shaft, 25, a connecting flange, 3, a torque measuring instrument, 4, a clamping mechanism, 41, a clamping block, 411, an anti-slip groove, 42, a cylinder, 5, a shield hob, 51, a cutter shaft, 52, a cutter ring, 6, a bracket, 61, a bottom plate, 62, a side plate, 63, a middle support plate, 64, a bearing, 65 and a support frame.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown, for the purpose of illustrating the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown.
Example 1:
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the automatic detection device for the torque of the shield hob in this embodiment includes a tray assembly 1 for supporting a arbor 51 for placing the shield hob 5 and driving the arbor 51 to rotate, a driving mechanism 2 for driving the tray assembly 1 to rotate is connected to the tray assembly 1, a torque measuring instrument 3 for measuring the rotational torque of the arbor 51 is arranged between the driving mechanism 2 and the tray assembly 1, and a clamping mechanism 4 for pressing and fixing a cutter ring 52 of the shield hob 5 to prevent the cutter ring 52 from rotating is further arranged on the side surface of the shield hob 5.
In this embodiment, the tray assembly 1 includes a tray base 11 and a detection tray 12, the tray base 11 is connected with the driving mechanism 2 through the torque measuring instrument 3, the detection tray 12 is detachably and fixedly arranged on the tray base 11, a groove for placing the cutter shaft 51 is formed in the detection tray 12, and the groove is matched with the shape of the cutter shaft 51. Because the detachable structure is adopted between the tray base 11 and the detection tray 12 and a detachable fixing mode is adopted, the corresponding detection tray 12 can be replaced according to different shield hob 5, the adaptability of the detection device is improved, and the detection device is suitable for the detection process of shield hob 5 with various cutter shaft 51 shapes.
As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, a positioning structure is disposed between the tray base 11 and the detection tray 12, the positioning structure includes a positioning block 13 and a positioning groove 14 that are mutually matched, the positioning block 13 is a hexagonal prism-shaped boss structure, the positioning groove 14 is a hexagonal prism-shaped groove structure that is matched with the hexagonal prism-shaped boss structure, the positioning block 13 is disposed on the detection tray 12, and the positioning groove 14 is disposed on the tray base 11. Specifically, the tray base 11 and the detection tray 12 are connected through a hexagonal concave-convex structure and bolts. The detection tray 12 and the tray base 11 are positioned and connected by adopting a hexagonal concave-convex structure with a hexagonal prism shape, so that the detection tray 12 and the cutter shaft 51 are ensured to be accurate relative to the positions of the driving mechanism 2 and the torque measuring instrument 3, and the torque transmission can be more timely and accurate, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result.
In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 2 includes a driving motor 21 and a spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism 22, one end of the spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism 22 is connected with the driving motor 21, the other end of the spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism 22 is connected with a coupling 23, the coupling 23 is further connected with a transmission shaft 24, and the transmission shaft 24 is connected with the torque measuring instrument 3 through a connecting flange 25. Specifically, the driving motor 21 is sequentially connected with the spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism 22, the coupler 23, the transmission shaft 24, the connecting flange 25 and the torque measuring instrument 3, the spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism 22, the coupler 23 and the transmission shaft 24 are connected through keys, and the connecting flange 25 is connected with the transmission shaft 24 through keys. The spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism 22 realizes the change of the power transmission direction through the gears which are vertically meshed, and the driving motor 21 which is horizontally arranged provides driving force to be converted into driving force which rotates in the vertical direction, so that the power output in the vertical direction is realized, the size of the automatic detection device is reduced, and the structural compactness is improved.
In this embodiment, the automatic detection device further includes a support 6, where the support 6 includes a bottom plate 61 and two side plates 62, the driving mechanism 2 is fixedly disposed on the bottom plate 61, the two side plates 62 are respectively fixedly disposed on two sides of the bottom plate 61, a middle support plate 63 is fixedly disposed between the two side plates 62, a through hole through which the transmission shaft 24 passes is disposed on the middle support plate 63, and a bearing 64 matched with the transmission shaft 24 is installed in the through hole. Specifically, the bracket 6 further includes a top plate, the bottom plate 61 is disposed on the bottom surface, the two side plates 62 are perpendicular to the bottom plate 61 and disposed on two sides of the bottom plate 61 along the vertical direction, the top plate is parallel to the bottom plate 61 and connected with the two side plates 62, the bottom plate 61, the two side plates 62 and the top plate form a rectangular bracket 6 structure, two ends of the middle support plate 63 are connected with the two side plates 62 of the bracket 6 through bolts, an outer ring of the bearing 64 is mounted on the middle support plate 63, and an inner ring of the bearing 64 is mounted on the transmission shaft 24. The middle support plate 63 plays a supporting and limiting role on the transmission shaft 24, ensures accurate transmission of the rotary driving force, and further ensures accuracy of the measurement result.
In this embodiment, a supporting frame 65 for supporting the clamping mechanism 4 is provided on the support frame 6, and the supporting frame 65 is fixedly provided on the support frame 6. Specifically, the support 65 is an L-shaped support plate, one side of which is fixedly connected with the support 6, and the other side of which is fixedly provided with the clamping mechanism 4. The support frame 65 is arranged to facilitate the installation of the clamping mechanism 4 so as to stably clamp the cutter ring 52 of the shield hob 5.
In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 4 includes a clamping block 41 and an air cylinder 42 for driving the clamping block 41 to move in a telescopic manner so as to clamp the cutter ring 52, the contact surface of the clamping block 41 and the cutter ring 52 is in an arc shape matched with the cutter ring 52, and the other surface of the clamping block 41 is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder 42. Specifically, the air cylinder 42 is fixedly connected with the supporting frame 65 through a bolt, the clamping block 41 is fixed at the free end of the air cylinder 42 through a bolt, and the clamping block 41 is made of plastic. During operation, the air cylinder 42 drives the clamping block 41 to stretch out and draw back to clamp or loosen the cutter ring 52, automatic clamping or loosening is achieved, workers are not required to fix the shield hob 5, the degree of automation is further improved, the production efficiency is high, the labor intensity of the workers is reduced, and the influence of the workers on the detection result can be eliminated. The contact surface of the clamping block 41 is set to be circular arc-shaped and matched with the cutter ring 52 so as to ensure that the cutter ring 52 is firmly pressed, and the influence of rotation on a detection result during detection is avoided.
In this embodiment, there are two clamping mechanisms 4, two clamping mechanisms 4 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the tray assembly 1 and the shield hob 5, and two corresponding supporting frames 65 are also symmetrically disposed on two sides of the support frame 6, so as to mount and fix the clamping mechanisms 4. The symmetrically arranged clamping mechanisms 4 are matched with each other to firmly clamp the cutter ring 52, so that the cutter ring is prevented from rotating during detection to influence the detection result.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, a plurality of anti-slip grooves 411 are formed on the contact surface between the clamping block 41 and the cutter ring 52. Specifically, the plurality of anti-skid grooves 411 are arranged parallel to each other and at equal intervals. The contact area between the clamping block 41 and the cutter ring 52 can be increased by matching the anti-skid groove 411 with the arc contact surface structure, friction is increased, and the cutter ring 52 is further ensured to be fixed firmly in a torque test.
The detection method for detecting the torque of the shield hob by adopting the automatic detection device of the embodiment comprises the following steps,
S1, clamping a shield hob 5 to be detected by a worker or a robot, correctly placing a cutter shaft 51 in a groove of a detection tray 12, opening a switch to enable an air cylinder 42 to start to act, enabling a clamping block 41 to extend under the action of the air cylinder 42, enabling the inner side of the clamping block 41 to contact with a cutter ring 52, and compacting the cutter ring 52 from two sides, so that the shield hob 5 is fixed;
S2, starting a detection switch, driving a motor 21 to start to act, converting rotary power from a horizontal direction to a vertical direction through a spiral bevel gear speed reducing mechanism 22, sequentially transmitting the power to a coupler 23, a transmission shaft 24, a torque measuring instrument 3, a tray base 11 and a detection tray 12, finally transmitting the power to a cutter shaft 51 of a shield hob 5 through the detection tray 12, and measuring and recording torque at the moment through the torque measuring instrument 3 when the cutter shaft 51 starts to rotate, so as to obtain the starting torque of the shield hob 5 through measurement;
S3, closing the detection switch to stop power output of the driving motor 21, enabling the adjusting air cylinder 42 to drive the clamping block 41 to retract back to the initial position, releasing the clamping state of the shield hob 5, taking the shield hob 5 out of the detection tray 12 by a worker or a robot, and ending the whole detection process.
By adopting the automatic detection device and the detection method of the embodiment to detect the torque of the shield hob 5, the detection process can be automatically completed by means of a mechanical device without manual operation, the cutter shaft 51 is driven by the driving motor 21, the cutter ring 52 is clamped by the clamping block 41 in cooperation with the air cylinder 42, the torque is automatically measured by the torque measuring instrument 3, the automation degree of the whole detection process is high, the production efficiency is high, the labor intensity of staff is greatly reduced, the influence of human factors on the detection result is eliminated, the method is suitable for a mass production process, and the production cost is effectively reduced.
Example 2:
the present embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the supporting frame 65 is connected to the supporting frame 6 through a height adjusting mechanism. Specifically, the height adjusting mechanism is an electric screw mechanism, and the height of the clamping mechanism 4 can be adjusted up and down through the electric screw mechanism, so that the clamping block 41 can be matched with the shield hob 5 with various shapes, the applicability of the automatic detection device is improved, and the automatic detection device can be used for the testing process of various types of shield hobs 5.
While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Many possible variations and modifications of the disclosed technology can be made by anyone skilled in the art, or equivalent embodiments with equivalent variations can be made, without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.