CN111021088B - 一种阻燃隔热布料 - Google Patents

一种阻燃隔热布料 Download PDF

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CN111021088B
CN111021088B CN201911379797.XA CN201911379797A CN111021088B CN 111021088 B CN111021088 B CN 111021088B CN 201911379797 A CN201911379797 A CN 201911379797A CN 111021088 B CN111021088 B CN 111021088B
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刘大刚
江四胜
李苗苗
童爱霞
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Hangzhou Qiyao Textile Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃隔热布料，包括基布和阻燃隔热层，阻燃隔热层由阻燃隔热涂料涂覆于基布两侧得到；所述的阻燃隔热涂料,包括以下重量份的原料：聚氨酯树脂55‑80份、羧甲基纤维素钠15‑20份、钛白粉10‑17份、紫外线吸收剂1‑3份、改性阻燃隔热剂3‑5份、相容剂1‑1.5份、硬脂酸镁1‑3份、石蜡油2‑5份、异丙醇15‑20份、去离子水20‑30份；在阻燃隔热涂料中添加有改性阻燃隔热剂，在阻燃隔热涂料中具有良好的分散性，制备的涂层中阻燃隔热剂A不会析出，可长久的保持布料的阻燃性和隔热性。

Description

一种阻燃隔热布料
技术领域
本发明属于布料技术领域，具体涉及一种阻燃隔热布料。
背景技术
户外野营，帐篷是必须品，帐篷必须具备有遮阳、通风、防风、防雨、保暖等多重户外功能，户外帐篷应须适应各种天气环境，设计合理、篷布材质综合性能佳的帐篷，才能给人们提供良好的屏蔽场所。
现有技术中的帐篷布面料一般采用尼龙、帆布、TC布、丝芙绸及Goretex，其中尼龙应用最为广泛，其色泽鲜艳光滑、不易褪色、且质地柔软，又具有良好的强度、不易发霉，也不会虫蛀，吸湿性小，遇冻不硬化；但是以上材料制造的帐篷，在夏季的阳光下撑起并短时间曝晒后，帐篷内的温度会迅速升高，给人带来极度不适，且现有的帐篷不具有阻燃性能或者阻燃性能较差，依旧属于易燃材料，防护性低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃隔热布料，以棉纤维丝、氨纶丝、腈纶纤维为基材编织成基布，在基布两侧均涂覆有阻燃隔热涂料得到阻燃隔热层，使得制备的布料具有良好的阻燃隔热性能，在阻燃隔热涂料中添加有改性阻燃隔热剂，在阻燃隔热涂料中具有良好的分散性，制备的涂层中阻燃隔热剂A不会析出，可长久的保持布料的阻燃性和隔热性。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种阻燃隔热布料，包括基布和阻燃隔热层，阻燃隔热层由阻燃隔热涂料涂覆于基布两侧得到；所述的阻燃隔热涂料,包括以下重量份的原料：聚氨酯树脂55-80份、羧甲基纤维素钠15-20份、钛白粉10-17份、紫外线吸收剂1-3份、改性阻燃隔热剂3-5份、相容剂1-1.5份、硬脂酸镁1-3份、石蜡油2-5份、异丙醇15-20份、去离子水20-30份。
进一步，所述的基布由棉纤维丝、氨纶丝、腈纶纤维交错编制而成；棉纤维丝、氨纶丝、腈纶纤维的质量比为10:4:12。
进一步，所述的紫外线吸收剂为2-(2’-羟基-3’，5’-二叔苯基)-5-氯化苯并三唑。
进一步，所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯。
进一步，所述的改性阻燃隔热剂的制备方法为：
步骤一、阻燃隔热剂的制备
将2mol 9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物加入到反应釜中，通入氮气置换掉反应釜中的空气，升温至115-120℃后，待9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物熔融后，分5次加入N,N'-1,3-苯撑双马来酰亚胺，每次加入量为0.2-0.22mol，加入的时间间隔为15-20min，全部加入完毕后，升温至130-135℃，搅拌反应2-3h，接着降温至70-80℃，加入4-5L溶剂二氧六环，再次加热至回流反应30min，反应结束后，自然冷却到室温，过滤，无水乙醚洗涤，真空干燥后即得到式A结构的阻燃隔热剂；
反应式如下：
Figure BDA0002341971100000031
步骤二、包覆
向反应釜中投入步骤一制备的阻燃隔热剂和溶剂异丙醇，边搅拌边升温至45-50℃，加入环氧树脂，继续升温至60-65℃，加入固化剂，在80-120r/min的速度下缓慢搅拌反应20-25min，停止搅拌，保温20-30min后，自然冷却到室温，经过滤、干燥后即得到包覆的改性阻燃隔热剂。
进一步，步骤二中，所述的阻燃隔热剂、环氧树脂、固化剂的质量比为：1:0.04-0.06：0.01。
进一步，步骤二中，所述的异丙醇与阻燃隔热剂液质比为10ml/g。
进一步，步骤二中，所述的固化剂为胺类固化剂。
进一步，步骤二中，所述的胺类固化剂为3,3’,5,5’-四甲基联苯胺。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明提供了一种阻燃隔热布料，以棉纤维丝、氨纶丝、腈纶纤维为基材编织成基布，在基布两侧均涂覆有阻燃隔热涂料得到阻燃隔热层，使得制备的布料具有良好的阻燃隔热性能，在阻燃隔热涂料中添加有改性阻燃隔热剂，首先以9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物和N,N'-1,3-苯撑双马来酰亚胺为原料，其中马来酸上的碳碳双键与羰基形成超共轭体系，无需催化剂作用，亲核体9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物上的P原子便可与碳碳双键发生亲核加成反应，得到了阻燃隔热剂A；接着对阻燃隔热剂A进行物理改性，在胺类固化剂的作用下，环氧树脂固化将阻燃隔热剂A包覆起来，形成了包覆型的改性阻燃隔热剂；阻燃隔热剂A中引入P、N原子，在燃烧时，产生磷酸类物质和惰性气体一氧化氮和二氧化氮，而磷酸可促成基布表面快速脱水形成刚性防火炭层，减缓了生成挥发性可燃物的热分解和氧化反应，惰性气体一氧化氮和二氧化氮可进一步的隔绝空气，增加了布料的阻燃性能；而马来酰亚胺为刚性基团，添加进涂料中，可协同聚氨酯基质提高涂层的耐高温和耐热性能；
再者，由于环氧树脂和聚氨酯易于分散和相容，从而改性阻燃隔热剂在阻燃隔热涂料中具有良好的分散性，制备的涂层中阻燃隔热剂A不会析出，可长久的保持布料的阻燃性和隔热性。
当然，实施本发明的任一产品并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有优点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明阻燃隔热剂的电镜扫描图；
图2为本发明改性阻燃隔热剂的电镜扫描图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
下述实施例中，所用基布由棉纤维丝、氨纶丝、腈纶纤维交错编制而成；棉纤维丝、氨纶丝、腈纶纤维的质量比为10:4:12。
实施例1
原料：
9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物：CAS号：35948-25-5；购自上海贤鼎生物科技有限公司；
N,N'-1,3-苯撑双马来酰亚胺：CAS号：3006-93-7；购自上海贤鼎生物科技有限公司；
改性阻燃隔热剂的制备方法为：
步骤一、反应式如下：
Figure BDA0002341971100000051
将2mol 9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物加入到反应釜中，通入氮气置换掉反应釜中的空气，升温至115℃后，待9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物熔融后，分5次加入N,N'-1,3-苯撑双马来酰亚胺，每次加入量为0.2-0.22mol，加入的时间间隔为15-20min，全部加入完毕后，升温至135℃，搅拌反应2h，接着降温至75℃，加入5L溶剂二氧六环，再次加热至回流反应30min，反应结束后，自然冷却到室温，过滤，无水乙醚洗涤，真空干燥后即得到式A结构的阻燃隔热剂；收率为91.6％；
阻燃隔热剂A的GC-MS检测结果为：HRMS m/z(ESI+)calcd for C38H26N2O8P2([M+1]),701.1712；
步骤二、向反应釜中投入步骤一制备的100g阻燃隔热剂和1L溶剂异丙醇，边搅拌边升温至45℃，加入5g环氧树脂，继续升温至65℃，加入1g固化剂3,3’,5,5’-四甲基联苯胺，在100r/min的速度下缓慢搅拌反应20min，停止搅拌，保温30min后，自然冷却到室温，经过滤、干燥后即得到包覆的改性阻燃隔热剂。
如图1-2所示，图1为本发明阻燃隔热剂的电镜扫描图，图2为本发明改性阻燃隔热剂的电镜扫描图，经观察发现，图2中阻燃隔热剂表面包覆均匀。
实施例2
一种阻燃隔热布料，包括基布和阻燃隔热层，阻燃隔热层由阻燃隔热涂料涂覆于基布两侧得到；所述的阻燃隔热涂料,包括以下重量的原料：聚氨酯树脂60g、羧甲基纤维素钠15g、钛白粉15g、紫外线吸收剂1g、改性阻燃隔热剂3g、相容剂1g、硬脂酸镁3g、石蜡油2g、异丙醇15g、去离子水25g；
所述的紫外线吸收剂为2-(2’-羟基-3’，5’-二叔苯基)-5-氯化苯并三唑；
所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯。
实施例3
一种阻燃隔热布料，包括基布和阻燃隔热层，阻燃隔热层由阻燃隔热涂料涂覆于基布两侧得到；所述的阻燃隔热涂料,包括以下重量的原料：聚氨酯树脂80g、羧甲基纤维素钠15g、钛白粉17g、紫外线吸收剂3g、改性阻燃隔热剂5g、相容剂1.5g、硬脂酸镁2g、石蜡油4g、异丙醇20g、去离子水30g；
所述的紫外线吸收剂为2-(2’-羟基-3’，5’-二叔苯基)-5-氯化苯并三唑；
所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯。
实施例4
一种阻燃隔热布料，包括基布和阻燃隔热层，阻燃隔热层由阻燃隔热涂料涂覆于基布两侧得到；所述的阻燃隔热涂料,包括以下重量的原料：聚氨酯树脂70g、羧甲基纤维素钠16g、钛白粉12g、紫外线吸收剂1g、改性阻燃隔热剂4g、相容剂1.5g、硬脂酸镁1g、石蜡油2g、异丙醇17g、去离子水25g；
所述的紫外线吸收剂为2-(2’-羟基-3’，5’-二叔苯基)-5-氯化苯并三唑；
所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯。
对比例1
不添加改性阻燃隔热剂，其余同实施例4。
对比例2
将改性阻燃隔热剂替换为阻燃隔热剂A，其余同实施例4。
对实施例2-4和对比例1-2制备的布料进行性能测试
一、阻燃性测试
采用“GB/T 5455纺织品燃烧性能实验：垂直法”和“GB/T 5454纺织品燃烧性能试验：氧指数法”测试各项性能参数结果如下表1所示：
表1、布料的阻燃性测试结果
Figure BDA0002341971100000081
二、耐热性测试
表2、布料的耐热性测试结果
Figure BDA0002341971100000082
由表一和表二可知，本发明制备的改性阻燃隔热剂在阻燃隔热涂料中具有良好的分散性，制备的涂层中阻燃隔热剂A不会析出，可长久的保持布料的阻燃性和隔热性。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明的构思所作的举例和说明，所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离发明的构思或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种阻燃隔热布料，包括基布和阻燃隔热层，阻燃隔热层由阻燃隔热涂料涂覆于基布两侧得到；其特征在于：所述的阻燃隔热涂料,包括以下重量份的原料：聚氨酯树脂55-80份、羧甲基纤维素钠15-20份、钛白粉10-17份、紫外线吸收剂1-3份、改性阻燃隔热剂3-5份、相容剂1-1.5份、硬脂酸镁1-3份、石蜡油2-5份、异丙醇15-20份、去离子水20-30份；
所述的改性阻燃隔热剂的制备方法为：
步骤一、阻燃隔热剂的制备
将2mol 9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物加入到反应釜中，通入氮气置换掉反应釜中的空气，升温至115-120℃后，待9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物熔融后，分5次加入N,N'-1,3-苯撑双马来酰亚胺，每次加入量为0.2-0.22mol，加入的时间间隔为15-20min，全部加入完毕后，升温至130-135℃，搅拌反应2-3h，接着降温至70-80℃，加入4-5L溶剂二氧六环，再次加热至回流反应30min，反应结束后，自然冷却到室温，过滤，无水乙醚洗涤，真空干燥后即得到式A结构的阻燃隔热剂；
反应式如下：
Figure DEST_PATH_FDA0002341971090000021
步骤二、包覆
向反应釜中投入步骤一制备的阻燃隔热剂和溶剂异丙醇，边搅拌边升温至45-50℃，加入环氧树脂，继续升温至60-65℃，加入固化剂，在80-120r/min的速度下缓慢搅拌反应20-25min，停止搅拌，保温20-30min后，自然冷却到室温，经过滤、干燥后即得到包覆的改性阻燃隔热剂；
所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯；
步骤二中，所述的阻燃隔热剂、环氧树脂、固化剂的质量比为：1:0.04-0.06：0.01；
所述的胺类固化剂为3,3’,5,5’-四甲基联苯胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃隔热布料，其特征在于：所述的基布由棉纤维丝、氨纶丝、腈纶纤维交错编制而成；棉纤维丝、氨纶丝、腈纶纤维的质量比为10:4:12。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃隔热布料，其特征在于：所述的紫外线吸收剂为2-(2’-羟基-3’，5’-二叔苯基)-5-氯化苯并三唑。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃隔热布料，其特征在于：步骤二中，所述的异丙醇与阻燃隔热剂液质比为10ml/g。
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