CN111018486A - Preparation method of ceramic insulator - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic insulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111018486A CN111018486A CN201911290675.3A CN201911290675A CN111018486A CN 111018486 A CN111018486 A CN 111018486A CN 201911290675 A CN201911290675 A CN 201911290675A CN 111018486 A CN111018486 A CN 111018486A
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- potassium feldspar
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/36—Reinforced clay-wares
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
- H01B3/12—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances ceramics
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a ceramic insulator, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-17 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-30 parts of black clay, 13-18 parts of mica powder, 7-12 parts of precipitated white carbon black, 6-11 parts of silicon carbide, 9-18 parts of new soil, 4-6 parts of lead-antimony alloy glue, 3-8 parts of glass fiber, 10-20 parts of Ninghai soil, 1-2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.5-0.9 part of dispersing agent and 0.8-1.3 parts of water reducing agent. The environment-friendly weather-proof high-strength electric power insulator has the advantages of ageing resistance, corrosion resistance, good insulating property and high mechanical strength, and meanwhile, the preparation method is integrally fired and formed, so that the process that the upper part and the lower part are glued by using an adhesive in the existing split type design is effectively avoided, the product is made of one material from top to bottom, the safety and reliability of the product in application are improved, and the environment-friendly weather-proof high-strength electric power insulator has a great practical value and a good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insulators, in particular to a preparation method of a ceramic insulator.
Background
The insulator plays an important role in an overhead transmission line, is mainly used for supporting and fixing a bus and a live conductor, and enables the live conductor or the conductor to have enough distance and insulation with the ground, and not only bears the load in the vertical direction and the pulling force in the horizontal direction of a lead in the running process, but also bears the sun, rain, climate change and the corrosion of chemical substances, so that the insulator has good electrical performance and enough mechanical strength, and the quality of the insulator is very important for the safe running of a line.
With the rapid development of the wire and cable industry, the requirements on the quality and performance of insulators are higher and higher, and how to prepare an insulator material which has the advantages of small environmental harm in the preparation process, good physical performance of products, stable voltage resistance and light specific gravity becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic insulator, aiming at solving the problems in the background technology, and the insulator product has the advantages of good physical property, stable voltage resistance, light specific gravity, long service life, simple preparation process, no environmental pollution and suitability for popularization.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a ceramic insulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-17 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-30 parts of black clay, 13-18 parts of mica powder, 7-12 parts of precipitated white carbon black, 6-11 parts of silicon carbide, 9-18 parts of new soil, 4-6 parts of lead-antimony alloy glue, 3-8 parts of glass fiber, 10-20 parts of Ninghai soil, 1-2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.5-0.9 part of dispersing agent and 0.8-1.3 parts of water reducing agent.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 parts of potassium feldspar, 21 parts of black clay, 15 parts of mica powder, 10 parts of precipitated white carbon black, 9 parts of silicon carbide, 14 parts of Xinhui soil, 5.3 parts of lead-antimony alloy glue, 5 parts of glass fiber, 18 parts of Ninghai soil, 1.2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.7 part of dispersing agent and 1.1 part of water reducing agent.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the precipitated silica is 180-210m 2/g.
Preferably, the lead-antimony alloy glue is: the alloy comprises, by mass, 5.0-5.4% of Sb5.0-5.4%, 6.0-6.4% of Sns, and the balance of Pb.
Preferably, the potassium feldspar is low-sodium potassium feldspar, and the sodium content is less than 2.5%.
Preferably, the dispersant is sodium tripolyphosphate.
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, adding low-sodium potassium feldspar and silicon carbide into a high-speed pulverizer, pulverizing and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A;
step two, adding the mixture A prepared in the step one, black clay, mica powder, precipitated white carbon black, new clay, lead-antimony alloy glue, glass fiber, Ninghai soil and nano zinc oxide into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 25 minutes at the stirring speed of 350r/min, adding reinforced clay and a proper amount of water to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a wet ball mill for ball milling for 7 hours, and squeezing the obtained new slurry to obtain a mixture mud cake B;
and step three, adding the mixture mud cake B prepared in the step two, a dispersing agent and a water reducing agent into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 15 minutes at the speed of 300r/min, then sending the mixture mud cake B to a forming machine for compression forming at the pressure of 90MPa, sending the formed blank body into a saturated steam curing kiln at the temperature of 170 ℃ for continuous curing for 13 hours, naturally cooling, drying in the shade, glazing, raising the temperature to 1330 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, sintering for 2.5-3.5 hours, reducing the temperature to 430 ℃ at the cooling rate of 13 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1.5 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain the environment-friendly weather-resistant high-strength electric insulator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the insulator, by controlling the formula and the formula content of the insulator material, the obtained insulator material is environment-friendly, does not pollute the environment, has good physical properties, stable voltage resistance, light specific gravity and long service life, and the voltage bearing capacity can reach 10-35 kv;
(2) the insulator disclosed by the invention preferably takes nano zinc oxide as an additive, and the absorption characteristic of the zinc oxide on ultraviolet rays is favorable for improving the electric aging resistance and the partial discharge breakdown performance of the polymer material, so that the insulator has an important significance in the application of the material to an extreme environment;
(3) the preparation method provided by the invention is simple to operate, easy to control conditions, and free of environmental pollution, and can be applied to preparation of polymer insulators made of various powder materials. Therefore, the method has the advantages of wide application range, high reliability, simple process, strong operability and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a ceramic insulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-17 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-30 parts of black clay, 13-18 parts of mica powder, 7-12 parts of precipitated white carbon black, 6-11 parts of silicon carbide, 9-18 parts of new soil, 4-6 parts of lead-antimony alloy glue, 3-8 parts of glass fiber, 10-20 parts of Ninghai soil, 1-2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.5-0.9 part of dispersing agent and 0.8-1.3 parts of water reducing agent.
The feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 parts of potassium feldspar, 21 parts of black clay, 15 parts of mica powder, 10 parts of precipitated white carbon black, 9 parts of silicon carbide, 14 parts of Xinhui soil, 5.3 parts of lead-antimony alloy glue, 5 parts of glass fiber, 18 parts of Ninghai soil, 1.2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.7 part of dispersing agent and 1.1 part of water reducing agent.
Precipitated silica, the specific surface area is 180-210m 2/g; the lead-antimony alloy glue is as follows: according to the mass percentage, Sb5.0-5.4%, Sn6.0-6.4%, and the balance Pb; the potassium feldspar is low sodium potassium feldspar, and the sodium content is less than 2.5 percent; the dispersing agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, adding low-sodium potassium feldspar and silicon carbide into a high-speed pulverizer, pulverizing and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A;
step two, adding the mixture A prepared in the step one, black clay, mica powder, precipitated white carbon black, new clay, lead-antimony alloy glue, glass fiber, Ninghai soil and nano zinc oxide into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 25 minutes at the stirring speed of 350r/min, adding reinforced clay and a proper amount of water to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a wet ball mill for ball milling for 7 hours, and squeezing the obtained new slurry to obtain a mixture mud cake B;
and step three, adding the mixture mud cake B prepared in the step two, a dispersing agent and a water reducing agent into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 15 minutes at the speed of 300r/min, then sending the mixture mud cake B to a forming machine for compression forming at the pressure of 90MPa, sending the formed blank body into a saturated steam curing kiln at the temperature of 170 ℃ for continuous curing for 13 hours, naturally cooling, drying in the shade, glazing, raising the temperature to 1330 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, sintering for 2.5-3.5 hours, reducing the temperature to 430 ℃ at the cooling rate of 13 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1.5 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain the environment-friendly weather-resistant high-strength electric insulator.
Example 2
A preparation method of a ceramic insulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of potassium feldspar, 30 parts of black clay, 13 parts of mica powder, 12 parts of precipitated white carbon black, 10 parts of silicon carbide, 16 parts of Xinhui soil, 5 parts of lead-antimony alloy glue, 8 parts of glass fiber, 15 parts of Ninghai soil, 1.5 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.5 part of dispersing agent and 0.9 part of water reducing agent.
Precipitated silica, the specific surface area is 180-210m 2/g; the lead-antimony alloy glue is as follows: according to the mass percentage, Sb5.0-5.4%, Sn6.0-6.4%, and the balance Pb; the potassium feldspar is low sodium potassium feldspar, and the sodium content is less than 2.5 percent; the dispersing agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, adding low-sodium potassium feldspar and silicon carbide into a high-speed pulverizer, pulverizing and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A;
step two, adding the mixture A prepared in the step one, black clay, mica powder, precipitated white carbon black, new clay, lead-antimony alloy glue, glass fiber, Ninghai soil and nano zinc oxide into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 25 minutes at the stirring speed of 350r/min, adding reinforced clay and a proper amount of water to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a wet ball mill for ball milling for 7 hours, and squeezing the obtained new slurry to obtain a mixture mud cake B;
and step three, adding the mixture mud cake B prepared in the step two, a dispersing agent and a water reducing agent into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 15 minutes at the speed of 300r/min, then sending the mixture mud cake B to a forming machine for compression forming at the pressure of 90MPa, sending the formed blank body into a saturated steam curing kiln at the temperature of 170 ℃ for continuous curing for 13 hours, naturally cooling, drying in the shade, glazing, raising the temperature to 1330 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, sintering for 2.5-3.5 hours, reducing the temperature to 430 ℃ at the cooling rate of 13 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1.5 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain the environment-friendly weather-resistant high-strength electric insulator.
Example 3
A preparation method of a ceramic insulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of potassium feldspar, 18 parts of black clay, 14 parts of mica powder, 8 parts of precipitated white carbon black, 7 parts of silicon carbide, 10 parts of Xinhui soil, 5 parts of lead-antimony alloy glue, 4 parts of glass fiber, 11 parts of Ninghai soil, 1.4 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.6 part of dispersing agent and 1.2 parts of water reducing agent.
Precipitated silica, the specific surface area is 180-210m 2/g; the lead-antimony alloy glue is as follows: according to the mass percentage, Sb5.0-5.4%, Sn6.0-6.4%, and the balance Pb; the potassium feldspar is low sodium potassium feldspar, and the sodium content is less than 2.5 percent; the dispersing agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, adding low-sodium potassium feldspar and silicon carbide into a high-speed pulverizer, pulverizing and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A;
step two, adding the mixture A prepared in the step one, black clay, mica powder, precipitated white carbon black, new clay, lead-antimony alloy glue, glass fiber, Ninghai soil and nano zinc oxide into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 25 minutes at the stirring speed of 350r/min, adding reinforced clay and a proper amount of water to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a wet ball mill for ball milling for 7 hours, and squeezing the obtained new slurry to obtain a mixture mud cake B;
and step three, adding the mixture mud cake B prepared in the step two, a dispersing agent and a water reducing agent into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 15 minutes at the speed of 300r/min, then sending the mixture mud cake B to a forming machine for compression forming at the pressure of 90MPa, sending the formed blank body into a saturated steam curing kiln at the temperature of 170 ℃ for continuous curing for 13 hours, naturally cooling, drying in the shade, glazing, raising the temperature to 1330 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, sintering for 2.5-3.5 hours, reducing the temperature to 430 ℃ at the cooling rate of 13 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1.5 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain the environment-friendly weather-resistant high-strength electric insulator.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the ceramic insulator is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-17 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-30 parts of black clay, 13-18 parts of mica powder, 7-12 parts of precipitated white carbon black, 6-11 parts of silicon carbide, 9-18 parts of new soil, 4-6 parts of lead-antimony alloy glue, 3-8 parts of glass fiber, 10-20 parts of Ninghai soil, 1-2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.5-0.9 part of dispersing agent and 0.8-1.3 parts of water reducing agent.
2. The preparation method of the ceramic insulator according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 parts of potassium feldspar, 21 parts of black clay, 15 parts of mica powder, 10 parts of precipitated white carbon black, 9 parts of silicon carbide, 14 parts of Xinhui soil, 5.3 parts of lead-antimony alloy glue, 5 parts of glass fiber, 18 parts of Ninghai soil, 1.2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.7 part of dispersing agent and 1.1 part of water reducing agent.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precipitated silica has a specific surface area of 180-210m 2/g.
4. The method for preparing a ceramic insulator according to claim 1, wherein the lead-antimony alloy glue is: the alloy comprises, by mass, 5.0-5.4% of Sb5.0-5.4%, 6.0-6.4% of Sns, and the balance of Pb.
5. The method for preparing a ceramic insulator according to claim 1, wherein the potassium feldspar is low sodium potassium feldspar, and the sodium content is less than 2.5%.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the dispersant is sodium tripolyphosphate.
7. A method for preparing a ceramic insulator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step one, adding low-sodium potassium feldspar and silicon carbide into a high-speed pulverizer, pulverizing and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A;
step two, adding the mixture A prepared in the step one, black clay, mica powder, precipitated white carbon black, new clay, lead-antimony alloy glue, glass fiber, Ninghai soil and nano zinc oxide into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 25 minutes at the stirring speed of 350r/min, adding reinforced clay and a proper amount of water to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a wet ball mill for ball milling for 7 hours, and squeezing the obtained new slurry to obtain a mixture mud cake B;
and step three, adding the mixture mud cake B prepared in the step two, a dispersing agent and a water reducing agent into a high-speed stirrer, stirring for 15 minutes at the speed of 300r/min, then sending the mixture mud cake B to a forming machine for compression forming at the pressure of 90MPa, sending the formed blank body into a saturated steam curing kiln at the temperature of 170 ℃ for continuous curing for 13 hours, naturally cooling, drying in the shade, glazing, raising the temperature to 1330 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, sintering for 2.5-3.5 hours, reducing the temperature to 430 ℃ at the cooling rate of 13 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1.5 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain the environment-friendly weather-resistant high-strength electric insulator.
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