CN111015372A - Grinding method of milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite material - Google Patents

Grinding method of milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111015372A
CN111015372A CN201911188621.6A CN201911188621A CN111015372A CN 111015372 A CN111015372 A CN 111015372A CN 201911188621 A CN201911188621 A CN 201911188621A CN 111015372 A CN111015372 A CN 111015372A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
heat
grinding wheel
temperature
grinding
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Granted
Application number
CN201911188621.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111015372B (en
Inventor
宦海祥
濮建飞
霍福松
郑雷
李亮
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Yancheng Institute of Technology
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Yancheng Institute of Technology
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Publication of CN111015372A publication Critical patent/CN111015372A/en
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Publication of CN111015372B publication Critical patent/CN111015372B/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B3/00Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
    • B24B3/02Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of milling cutters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B55/00Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
    • B24B55/02Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/10Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with cooling provisions, e.g. with radial slots

Abstract

The invention discloses a grinding method of a milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite materials, which comprises the following steps of 1, inflating a grinding wheel air cavity; step 2: polishing the cutting edge of the milling cutter; step 3, grinding heat adsorption by using a milling cutter: the heat-conducting metal layer can quickly absorb friction heat, so that the formation of ultra-high temperature on the outer surface of the grinding wheel is prevented; step 4, arc-spraying normal-temperature or low-temperature gas along the inner surface of the heat-conducting metal layer, and rapidly dissipating heat absorbed by the heat-conducting metal layer into the air cavity; step 5, controlling the temperature and pressure of the gas in the gas cavity: the gas temperature and pressure in the gas cavity are kept within the set range by controlling the gas inlet flow, the injection time and the gas outlet flow and the gas discharging time. The grinding wheel can effectively reduce the weight of the grinding wheel, can increase the strength support of the grinding wheel shell, can quickly absorb heat generated by grinding, prevents high temperature generated by grinding, quickly consumes abrasive particles, and prolongs the service life of the grinding wheel.

Description

Grinding method of milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a grinding method of a milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite materials.
Background
The titanium-based composite material is widely applied to manufacturing parts of aeroengines, such as compressor chambers, combustion chambers, turbine blades, turbine discs and the like, due to excellent high-temperature strength, high thermal stability, creep resistance, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. However, the excellent material properties present a number of difficulties in machining, making titanium-based composites a typical difficult-to-machine material, and milling is one of the main machining methods for machining these engine parts and is often used as the last step to ensure high machining surface quality.
After milling for a period of time, the main cutting edge and the bottom edge of the milling tool used for milling generate abrasion of different degrees, which affects the surface finish, the machining size and the milling speed of the machined part, if the milling tool is continuously milled, the cutter is easy to break or even damage the size and the shape of the machined part, and in serious cases, the milling tool can cause personal injury to operators.
At present, the restoration sharpening of the worn milling cutter generally adopts two types of sharpening of a tool grinder and manual sharpening, the former is not special equipment for sharpening the milling cutter, professional tool sharpening operation is needed, the operation process is complex and tedious, and the working efficiency is low; the latter is that the milling cutter is sharpened by manual operation on a grinding machine, the technical problems of the geometric angle, the coaxiality and the like of the milling cutter are difficult to control, and the milling cutter can be scrapped by slight errors.
The invention discloses a Chinese patent application with the application number of CN200610042596.7, and the invention name is a milling cutter edge grinder, which comprises a working platform, a frame plate seat and a motor support seat, wherein the frame plate seat and the motor support seat are fixed on the working platform; the bottom of the frame plate is provided with a screw nut, and a transverse transmission screw rod matched with the screw nut is arranged on the frame plate seat; the cutting tool seat frame is connected with the frame plate through a central shaft, a sliding taper sleeve is arranged in the cutting tool seat frame, one end of the taper sleeve is provided with a milling cutter, and the other end of the taper sleeve is provided with a handle; a cross rod frame with a transverse hole arranged inside is arranged at the top of the cutting tool seat frame, a sliding cross rod penetrates through the transverse hole to be fixedly connected, and one end of the sliding cross rod is provided with a positioning indexing guide rod; the milling cutter has the advantages of reasonable structure, simple and convenient operation, high sharpening quality, prolonged service life, cost saving and efficiency improvement.
The grinding wheel is adopted for grinding, high machining precision and surface quality can be obtained, but the grinding efficiency is not high generally. The grinding efficiency depends on the grinding amount and the finishing process, the grinding precision is influenced to a great extent by the abrasion of a grinding tool (namely a grinding wheel), and the abrasion loss of the grinding wheel is determined by the abrasion resistance of a grinding material layer material of the grinding wheel. The dressing process of the grinding wheel inevitably increases the invalid working time in the grinding process, thereby reducing the grinding efficiency, and if the grinding efficiency is improved, the processing precision is generally reduced and the surface quality is generally deteriorated.
In addition, because the milling cutter has high hardness, high temperature is easy to generate in the grinding process of the cutting edge of the milling cutter, so that the abrasion of a grinding tool is aggravated, and the grinding surface quality of the milling cutter is reduced, which always troubles people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a grinding method of a milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite materials, which can effectively reduce the weight of a grinding wheel and increase the strength support of a grinding wheel shell, and on the other hand, can quickly absorb heat generated by grinding, prevent high temperature generated by grinding, quickly consume abrasive particles and prolong the service life of the grinding wheel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a grinding method of a milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite materials comprises the following steps.
Step 1, inflating a polishing wheel air cavity: the grinding wheel is provided with a hollow grinding wheel shell, and an air cavity is formed in the grinding wheel shell; before use, the air cavity is filled with low-temperature or normal-temperature gas, and the pressure of the gas in the air cavity reaches a set pressure value.
Step 2, grinding the cutting edge of the milling cutter: the grinding shaft drives the grinding wheel to rotate at a set rotating speed under the action of the driving device so as to grind the cutting edge of the milling cutter.
Step 3, grinding heat adsorption by using a milling cutter: in the step 2, friction heat is generated between the outer surface of the grinding wheel and the cutting edge of the milling cutter while the cutting edge of the milling cutter is ground; the heat conduction metal layer is arranged on the inner surface of the grinding wheel shell of the grinding wheel, and the heat conduction metal layer can quickly adsorb frictional heat, so that the ultra-high temperature of the outer surface of the grinding wheel is prevented from being formed.
Step 4, dissipating heat of the heat-conducting metal layer: on one hand, low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is sprayed in an arc shape along the inner surface of the heat-conducting metal layer, and the heat absorbed by the heat-conducting metal layer is quickly dissipated in the gas cavity; on the other hand, low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is sprayed from the arc-shaped inner wall surface of the heat-conducting metal layer to the center of the gas cavity, so that the gas in the middle of the gas cavity is cooled.
Step 5, controlling the temperature and pressure of the gas in the gas cavity: step 4, when low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is sprayed in the gas cavity, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor detect the temperature and the pressure of the gas in the gas cavity in real time; the gas temperature and pressure in the gas cavity are kept within the set range by controlling the gas inlet flow, the spraying time and the gas outlet flow and the gas discharging time, wherein the gas inlet flow is greater than the gas discharging flow.
In the step 4, arranging an arc-shaped air inlet guide plate in the air cavity adjacent to the heat-conducting metal layer, and forming equidistant air inlet channels between the air inlet guide plate and the heat-conducting metal layer; the distance between the air inlet guide plate and the heat-conducting metal layer is not more than half of the radius of the chassis of the grinding wheel.
The arc length of the air inlet guide plate is 1/4-1/2 of the arc length of the grinding wheel shell.
The heat conducting metal layer is copper, and the grinding wheel shell is chromium steel.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the weight of the polishing wheel can be effectively lightened, and the influence of the polishing wheel on polishing equipment is reduced. The applicability of the brazing abrasive grinding wheel is improved, and the damping and noise reducing effects are obvious.
2. The heat conduction metal level is when the increase supports the intensity of emery wheel casing, the heat that will polish the production fast adsorbs, prevent the high temperature of polishing the production, to the quick loss of grit, the life of extension emery wheel, the cost of emery wheel has been reduced, the expenses are saved, economic benefits has been increased, make milling cutter when the sharpening, stable grinding power has, milling cutter processing surface quality after the sharpening is high, thereby be favorable to the development of granule reinforcing titanium-based composite material part milling process technique.
3. The gas temperature and the gas pressure in the gas cavity are kept within a set range by controlling the gas inlet flow, the gas inlet pressure, the spraying time and the gas outlet flow and the gas discharging time, wherein the gas inlet flow is greater than the gas discharging flow, and the gas inlet pressure is greater than the set pressure in the gas cavity. Because, the pressure stability in the air cavity keeps in the settlement scope, so, can further effectively guarantee to the effective support of emery wheel casing, can slow down the vibration simultaneously. The gas temperature is always kept in a set range, so that the polishing temperature can be effectively reduced, the polishing efficiency is improved, the service life of the polishing wheel is prolonged, and the sharpening surface quality of the milling cutter is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a grinding wheel for grinding a milling cutter blade according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a grinding method of a milling cutter for milling a titanium-based composite material according to the present invention.
Among them are:
10. a grinding wheel housing; 11. abrasive particles; 12. a heat-conducting metal layer;
20. a chassis; 21. an air inlet; 211. an air inlet connector; 212. an intake valve; 213. an intake air flow meter;
22. an air outlet; 221. an air outlet valve; 222. an outlet flow meter;
30. grinding the shaft;
40. an air cavity; 41. an intake air deflector; 411. an injection hole; 42. a pressure sensor; 43. a temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a grinding wheel for grinding a cutting edge of a milling cutter includes a grinding wheel housing 10, a base plate 20, and a grinding spindle 30.
The grinding wheel shell is of a hollow structure, and the material of the grinding wheel shell is preferably chrome steel, such as 40Cr and the like, and the grinding wheel shell is high in strength and high-temperature resistant.
The outer surface of the grinding wheel shell is uniformly provided with abrasive particles 11, and the abrasive particles are distributed on the outer surface of the grinding wheel shell in a brazing heating mode, so that the exposed height of the abrasive is high, the abrasive is not easy to fall off, and the wear rate is low.
The inner surface of the grinding wheel shell is provided with a heat-conducting metal layer 12, and the inner surface of the heat-conducting metal layer is effectively wave-shaped or zigzag, so that the heat dissipation area can be enlarged; the heat conducting metal layer is preferably copper, a high thermal conductivity material.
The chassis is sealed to be arranged at the bottom of the grinding wheel shell, and the grinding shaft is connected with the center of the chassis.
An air cavity 40 is formed between the heat-conducting metal layer and the chassis, and an air inlet guide plate 41, a pressure sensor 42 and a temperature sensor 43 are arranged in the air cavity.
One end of the air inlet guide plate is arranged on the inner surface of the chassis, the air inlet guide plate is parallel to the grinding wheel shell, and an air inlet channel is formed between the air inlet guide plate and the grinding wheel shell; the intake guide plate is provided with a plurality of injection holes 411.
The grinding wheel shell and the air inlet guide plate are both arc-shaped, the arc length of the air inlet guide plate is 1/4-1/2 of that of the grinding wheel shell, and the preferred range is 1/3-2/3.
An air inlet 21 and an air outlet 22 are arranged on the chassis; wherein, the air inlet is positioned on the chassis in the air inlet channel and is connected with low-temperature or normal-temperature gas through an air inlet pipe. The low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is preferably air, nitrogen, or the like.
The outer seal of the air inlet hole is connected with an air inlet connector 211 in a sliding mode, and the position of the air inlet connector is fixed and is preferably connected with a grinding machine. The air inlet pipe penetrates through the air inlet connector in a sealing mode and is communicated into the air inlet channel.
The air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet valve 212, an air inlet flow meter 213 and an air inlet pump, the air outlet hole is connected with an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is provided with an air outlet valve 221, an air outlet flow meter 222 and an air outlet pump. Wherein, the pressure of the air inlet pump and the air outlet pump can be adjusted.
As shown in FIG. 2, a method for grinding a milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite materials comprises the following steps.
Step 1, inflating a polishing wheel air cavity: the grinding wheel is provided with a hollow grinding wheel shell, and an air cavity is formed in the grinding wheel shell; before use, the air cavity is filled with low-temperature or normal-temperature gas, and the pressure of the gas in the air cavity reaches a set pressure value. The gas with set pressure can reduce the weight of the grinding wheel, strengthen the support of the grinding wheel shell and reduce the vibration.
Step 2, grinding the cutting edge of the milling cutter: the grinding shaft drives the grinding wheel to rotate at a set rotating speed under the action of the driving device so as to grind the cutting edge of the milling cutter. The invention is suitable for high-speed grinding processing.
Step 3, grinding heat adsorption by using a milling cutter: in the step 2, friction heat is generated between the outer surface of the grinding wheel and the cutting edge of the milling cutter while the cutting edge of the milling cutter is ground; the heat conduction metal layer is arranged on the inner surface of the grinding wheel shell of the grinding wheel, and the heat conduction metal layer can quickly adsorb frictional heat, so that the ultra-high temperature of the outer surface of the grinding wheel is prevented from being formed.
Step 4, dissipating heat of the heat-conducting metal layer: on one hand, low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is sprayed in an arc shape along the inner surface of the heat-conducting metal layer, and the heat absorbed by the heat-conducting metal layer is quickly dissipated in the gas cavity; on the other hand, low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is sprayed from the arc-shaped inner wall surface of the heat-conducting metal layer to the center of the gas cavity, so that the gas in the middle of the gas cavity is cooled.
In the step 4, an arc-shaped air inlet guide plate is arranged in the air cavity adjacent to the heat-conducting metal layer, and equidistant air inlet channels are formed between the air inlet guide plate and the heat-conducting metal layer; the distance between the air inlet guide plate and the heat-conducting metal layer is not more than half of the radius of the chassis of the grinding wheel.
When the inner surface of the heat-conducting metal layer is wavy or zigzag, the air inlet guide plate and the central arc line of the heat-conducting metal layer form equal distance.
Step 5, controlling the temperature and pressure of the gas in the gas cavity: step 4, when low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is sprayed in the gas cavity, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor detect the temperature and the pressure of the gas in the gas cavity in real time; the gas temperature and the gas pressure in the gas cavity are kept within the set range by controlling the gas inlet flow, the gas inlet pressure, the spraying time and the gas outlet flow, the gas outlet pressure and the gas discharging time, wherein the gas inlet flow is greater than the gas discharging flow, and the gas inlet pressure is greater than the set pressure of the gas cavity.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A grinding method of a milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite materials is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, inflating a polishing wheel air cavity: the grinding wheel is provided with a hollow grinding wheel shell, and an air cavity is formed in the grinding wheel shell; before use, filling low-temperature or normal-temperature gas into the gas cavity, and enabling the gas pressure in the gas cavity to reach a set pressure value;
step 2, grinding the cutting edge of the milling cutter: the grinding shaft drives the grinding wheel to rotate at a set rotating speed under the action of the driving device so as to grind the cutting edge of the milling cutter;
step 3, grinding heat adsorption by using a milling cutter: in the step 2, friction heat is generated between the outer surface of the grinding wheel and the cutting edge of the milling cutter while the cutting edge of the milling cutter is ground; the heat-conducting metal layer is arranged on the inner surface of the grinding wheel shell of the grinding wheel, so that friction heat can be quickly absorbed by the heat-conducting metal layer, and the formation of ultra-high temperature on the outer surface of the grinding wheel is prevented;
step 4, dissipating heat of the heat-conducting metal layer: on one hand, low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is sprayed in an arc shape along the inner surface of the heat-conducting metal layer, and the heat absorbed by the heat-conducting metal layer is quickly dissipated in the gas cavity; on the other hand, low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is sprayed from the arc-shaped inner wall surface of the heat-conducting metal layer to the center of the gas cavity to cool the gas in the middle of the gas cavity;
step 5, controlling the temperature and pressure of the gas in the gas cavity: step 4, when low-temperature or normal-temperature gas is sprayed in the gas cavity, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor detect the temperature and the pressure of the gas in the gas cavity in real time; the gas temperature and pressure in the gas cavity are kept within the set range by controlling the gas inlet flow, the spraying time and the gas outlet flow and the gas discharging time, wherein the gas inlet flow is greater than the gas discharging flow.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the milling cutter comprises: in the step 4, arranging an arc-shaped air inlet guide plate in the air cavity adjacent to the heat-conducting metal layer, and forming equidistant air inlet channels between the air inlet guide plate and the heat-conducting metal layer; the distance between the air inlet guide plate and the heat-conducting metal layer is not more than half of the radius of the chassis of the grinding wheel.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the milling cutter comprises: the arc length of the air inlet guide plate is 1/4-1/2 of the arc length of the grinding wheel shell.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the milling cutter comprises: the heat conducting metal layer is copper, and the grinding wheel shell is chromium steel.
CN201911188621.6A 2019-11-28 2019-11-28 Grinding method of milling cutter for milling titanium-based composite material Expired - Fee Related CN111015372B (en)

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Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB589831A (en) * 1945-02-22 1947-07-01 Austin Cartwright Mercer Improvements in or relating to glazing, buffing and polishing wheels
CN2260683Y (en) * 1996-06-26 1997-08-27 赵钦锋 Air-inflation polisher
JPH09272062A (en) * 1996-04-09 1997-10-21 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Polishing device for glass article
CN1814406A (en) * 2006-02-24 2006-08-09 徐东杰 Milling cutter edge grinding machine
CN102794716A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-11-28 厦门大学 Flexible grinding and polishing compound arc sand wheel
CN203343870U (en) * 2013-05-20 2013-12-18 洛阳单晶硅有限责任公司 Inflating type air bag pressure head
CN204893740U (en) * 2015-08-24 2015-12-23 吉林江机特种工业有限公司 Poloshing wheel
CN106695583A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-24 江苏索力德机电科技股份有限公司 Superhard abrasive polishing tool and preparation method
CN108481138A (en) * 2018-06-07 2018-09-04 齐鲁工业大学 The ULTRASONIC COMPLEX of multi-curvature curved surface is adapted to antifatigue precision machining system and method certainly
CN208196524U (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-12-07 厦门理工学院 Air bag polishing head with automatic buffer function
CN109676480A (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-04-26 宁波华数机器人有限公司 A kind of cookware automatic grinding bottom vehicle mouth device
CN209503827U (en) * 2019-02-15 2019-10-18 陕西国防工业职业技术学院 A kind of air bag polishing head suitable for large area

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB589831A (en) * 1945-02-22 1947-07-01 Austin Cartwright Mercer Improvements in or relating to glazing, buffing and polishing wheels
JPH09272062A (en) * 1996-04-09 1997-10-21 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Polishing device for glass article
CN2260683Y (en) * 1996-06-26 1997-08-27 赵钦锋 Air-inflation polisher
CN1814406A (en) * 2006-02-24 2006-08-09 徐东杰 Milling cutter edge grinding machine
CN102794716A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-11-28 厦门大学 Flexible grinding and polishing compound arc sand wheel
CN203343870U (en) * 2013-05-20 2013-12-18 洛阳单晶硅有限责任公司 Inflating type air bag pressure head
CN204893740U (en) * 2015-08-24 2015-12-23 吉林江机特种工业有限公司 Poloshing wheel
CN106695583A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-24 江苏索力德机电科技股份有限公司 Superhard abrasive polishing tool and preparation method
CN208196524U (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-12-07 厦门理工学院 Air bag polishing head with automatic buffer function
CN108481138A (en) * 2018-06-07 2018-09-04 齐鲁工业大学 The ULTRASONIC COMPLEX of multi-curvature curved surface is adapted to antifatigue precision machining system and method certainly
CN209503827U (en) * 2019-02-15 2019-10-18 陕西国防工业职业技术学院 A kind of air bag polishing head suitable for large area
CN109676480A (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-04-26 宁波华数机器人有限公司 A kind of cookware automatic grinding bottom vehicle mouth device

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