CN111013081B - Method for dismantling yellow phosphorus electric furnace - Google Patents
Method for dismantling yellow phosphorus electric furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN111013081B CN111013081B CN201911352767.XA CN201911352767A CN111013081B CN 111013081 B CN111013081 B CN 111013081B CN 201911352767 A CN201911352767 A CN 201911352767A CN 111013081 B CN111013081 B CN 111013081B
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- yellow phosphorus
- electric furnace
- covering agent
- phosphorus electric
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D5/00—Composition of materials for coverings or clothing affording protection against harmful chemical agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for dismantling a yellow phosphorus electric furnace, which provides a covering agent; adding the covering agent from a feed inlet of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace to fill the furnace chamber of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace with the covering agent; then stripping the phosphorus-containing layer on the inner wall of the furnace chamber by a mechanical means to obtain residues at the bottom of the furnace chamber; opening a discharge hopper of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace, discharging residues in the yellow phosphorus electric furnace, and spraying a covering agent on the discharged residues; dismantling the yellow phosphorus electric furnace; wherein the covering agent is formed by mixing 0.5-2M sodium bicarbonate solution and 1-2M aluminum sulfate solution according to the volume ratio of 5-10: 1. The invention can realize the safe and environment-friendly dismantling of the waste yellow phosphorus electric furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field related to safe treatment of hazardous wastes, and particularly relates to a method for dismantling a yellow phosphorus electric furnace, in particular to a method for safely dismantling a yellow phosphorus electric furnace.
Background
The yellow phosphorus industry of China is concentrated in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other places, and the yield of the yellow phosphorus accounts for more than 80 percent of the total global yield. Yellow phosphorus is an important chemical raw material, is a raw material for manufacturing red phosphorus, phosphoric acid, various phosphorus halides (such as phosphorus trichloride and phosphorus pentachloride), phosphorus sulfide (such as phosphorus pentasulfide), phosphate and organophosphorus pesticides, and is also commonly used in the military field. However, the pollution of the yellow phosphorus industry in China is difficult to change for a long time, the production process has more waste residues, and the production tail gas contains high-concentration CO and a small amount of phosphide/sulfide/fluoride and the like, so that the local environment is polluted, and the peripheral animals, plants and human bodies are seriously damaged.
Yellow phosphorus chemical plants which do not meet the environmental protection requirements face shutdown and demolition work, a large number of semi-finished products exist in production equipment of the yellow phosphorus chemical plants which are partially shut down emergently, and various chemical product residues in the equipment need to be cleaned. The potential safety hazards in the process of dismantling each device are mainly yellow phosphorus and mud phosphorus: yellow phosphorus can spontaneously ignite and cause combustion and explosion when contacted with air; the phosphorus sludge is one of main byproducts in the production process of yellow phosphorus, generally contains 10-50% of phosphorus element, and has certain fire risk. The removal work of yellow phosphorus production equipment is carried out in a trade way, so that potential safety hazards can be brought.
The yellow phosphorus electric furnace is one of the large-volume tonnage devices in the phosphorus chemical industry, and generally comprises a furnace chamber A, a feed inlet B arranged at the top of the furnace chamber A and a discharge hopper C arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber A, wherein a phosphorus-containing layer is usually reserved on the inner wall of the furnace chamber A along with the increase of the service time of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace, and the phosphorus-containing layer is usually composed of yellow phosphorus, phosphorus sludge and other substances. At present, the removing means aiming at the yellow phosphorus electric furnace mainly comprises blasting removing and common removing, namely, a mode of completely spontaneously combusting residues and then removing the residues. Due to the spontaneous combustion explosion property of the yellow phosphorus, blasting demolition is not applicable to yellow phosphorus chemical plants with more residues in production equipment, and high danger exists; yellow phosphorus can generate P harmful to human body in spontaneous combustion process2O5The smoke firstly causes the residue to be self-ignited and then removes the yellow phosphorus production equipment, so that the method not only can threaten the health of construction workers, but also can generate secondary pollution. Therefore, there is a need to develop a technology that can safely remove the yellow phosphorus electric furnace without affecting the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for dismantling a yellow phosphorus electric furnace, which realizes safe and environment-friendly dismantling of a waste yellow phosphorus electric furnace.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for dismantling a yellow phosphorus electric furnace comprises the following steps:
s1, providing a covering agent;
s2, adding the covering agent from the feed inlet of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace to fill the furnace chamber of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace with the covering agent; then stripping the phosphorus-containing layer on the inner wall of the furnace chamber by a mechanical means to obtain residues at the bottom of the furnace chamber;
s3, opening a discharge hopper of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace, discharging residues in the yellow phosphorus electric furnace, and spraying a covering agent on the discharged residues;
s4, dismantling the yellow phosphorus electric furnace;
wherein the covering agent is formed by mixing 0.5-2M sodium bicarbonate solution and 1-2M aluminum sulfate solution according to the volume ratio of 5-10: 1.
Further, the preparation method of the covering agent comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium bicarbonate into deionized water, and enabling the concentration of the prepared sodium bicarbonate solution to be 0.5-2M to obtain a first solution;
(2) adding aluminum sulfate into deionized water, and enabling the concentration of the prepared aluminum sulfate solution to be 1-2M to obtain a second solution;
(3) and (3) mixing the first solution prepared in the step (1) with the second solution prepared in the step (2) to prepare the covering agent.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the sodium bicarbonate in step (1) may be one or a combination of anhydrous sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate decahydrate.
As a further preference of the invention, the aluminum sulfate in the step (2) can be one or a combination of anhydrous aluminum sulfate and aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate.
Further, the covering agent is formed by mixing 0.8-1.5M sodium bicarbonate solution and 1-1.5M aluminum sulfate solution according to the volume ratio of 6-8: 1.
Further, in S2, the mechanical means is one or more of poking, filing and scraping.
Further, in S3, the discharge speed of the residue discharged from the discharge hopper is 2 to 5 tons/hour, and the working time is set to 6 to 10 hours/day.
Further, in S3, a covering agent is sprayed on the discharged residue to a thickness of 3 to 10 cm.
And S4, removing the yellow phosphorus electric furnace by blasting and/or common removing.
In the invention, sodium bicarbonate and aluminum sulfate are used for safely treating yellow phosphorus and phosphorus sludge stored in production equipment, thereby solving the safety problem in the dismantling process caused by the flammable special property of the residual yellow phosphorus and phosphorus sludge in the electric furnace in the air. Specifically, a furnace chamber of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace is filled with a covering agent, so that on one hand, a phosphorus-containing layer on the inner wall of the furnace chamber is isolated from air, and spontaneous combustion of phosphorus-containing substances is prevented; on the other hand, after the phosphorus-containing layer falls off, because the furnace chamber is filled with the foam covering agent, the residues after falling off are still in an isolated state with air, the phosphorus-containing substance is not required to be burnt or exploded due to physical scraping caused by falling, and the safety is high; in yet another aspect, the covering agent is foamed and does not interfere with the mechanical stripping operation.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. the covering agent which takes carbon dioxide as a core and is coated with aluminum hydroxide is sprayed out when the sodium bicarbonate and the aluminum sulfate react, has the characteristics of strong burning resistance, good durability and good viscosity, is attached to the surfaces of yellow phosphorus, phosphorus sludge and the like, has good covering effect and cooling effect, and can isolate the yellow phosphorus, the phosphorus sludge and oxygen, thereby reducing the possibility of spontaneous combustion of air after the yellow phosphorus and the phosphorus sludge are discharged from the electric furnace and ensuring the safety in the process of dismantling the electric furnace device of the yellow phosphorus;
2. the sodium bicarbonate and the aluminum sulfate adopted by the invention are solid substances, are convenient for long-distance transportation and have no danger;
3. the gas generated during the reaction of the sodium bicarbonate solution and the aluminum sulfate solution is only carbon dioxide gas, does not pollute the atmosphere, and the generated covering agent does not contain toxic compounds, does not cause secondary pollution and is safe and friendly to the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a yellow phosphorus electric furnace.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a dispensing apparatus used in example 1.
Detailed Description
The following description describes alternative embodiments of the invention to teach one of ordinary skill in the art how to make and use the invention. Some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted for the purpose of teaching the present invention.
Example 1
The applicant uses the method of the invention to try to dismantle the waste yellow phosphorus electric furnace in a certain phosphorization company in Yunnan, a large amount of yellow phosphorus and phosphorus sludge exist in the tested waste yellow phosphorus electric furnace, and a scaling layer exists on the inner wall of the furnace chamber, thereby bringing potential safety hazards to the dismantling work.
(1) 0.93M sodium bicarbonate solution and 1.06M aluminum sulfate solution were prepared in a sodium bicarbonate solution tank and an aluminum sulfate solution tank.
(2) Adding sodium bicarbonate solution and aluminum sulfate solution into a reaction tank at a volume ratio of 7:1 by using a flow metering pump, quickly reacting in the tank to generate a covering agent, and spraying the covering agent from an outlet of the tank body through a pipeline and a nozzle by volume expansion when the covering agent passes through the generated covering agent.
(3) And adding the covering agent from a feed inlet of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace to fill the whole electric furnace cavity with the covering agent.
(4) Discharging residues (yellow phosphorus and phosphorus sludge) in the yellow phosphorus electric furnace from a discharge hopper, spraying a covering agent on the surface of the residues, wherein the discharging speed is 3 tons/hour, and the working time is 8 hours/day;
wherein the thickness of the covering agent sprayed on the surface of the residue is 7 cm.
(5) And (5) dismantling the yellow phosphorus electric furnace.
The preparation device for preparing the covering agent comprises a first solution tank 1, a first pump 7, a first one-way valve 8, a second solution tank 2, a second pump 19 and a second one-way valve 20 which are sequentially communicated, wherein the output ends of the first one-way valve 8 and the second one-way valve 20 are communicated with a reaction tank 9; the device also comprises a valve 14 and a spray gun 15 which are communicated in sequence, wherein the inlet end of the valve 14 is communicated with the reaction tank 9.
The first solution tank 1 comprises a first tank body, a first stirrer 5 is arranged in the first tank body, and a driving piece 4 in transmission connection with the first stirrer 5 is arranged at the top of the first tank body. The first solution tank 1 is provided with a first medicine adding port 3. The first tank is made of plastic; the first stirrer 5 is made of stainless steel.
The second solution tank 2 comprises a second tank body, a second stirrer 18 is arranged in the second tank body, and a driving piece 17 in transmission connection with the second stirrer 18 is arranged at the top of the first tank body. And a second medicine adding port 16 is formed in the second solution tank 2. The second solution tank 2 is made of glass or plastic; the second agitator 18 is a plastic-lined agitator.
A liquid inlet 10 and a liquid outlet 13 are arranged on the reaction tank 9, the output ends of the first check valve 8 and the second check valve 20 are communicated with the liquid inlet 10, and the inlet end of the valve 14 is communicated with the liquid outlet 13. The top of the reaction tank 9 is provided with a safety valve 11. And a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the reaction tank 9. The height of the liquid outlet 13 is higher than the height of the liquid inlet 10. The pump is a metering pump.
In the whole process, no residue is burnt, and no smoke is generated, which shows that the dismantling method of the invention can realize the safe and environment-friendly dismantling of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace.
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as modified in all equivalent forms, by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for dismantling a yellow phosphorus electric furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, providing a covering agent;
s2, adding the covering agent from the feed inlet of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace to fill the furnace chamber of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace with the covering agent; then stripping the phosphorus-containing layer on the inner wall of the furnace chamber by a mechanical means to obtain residues at the bottom of the furnace chamber;
s3, opening a discharge hopper of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace, discharging residues in the yellow phosphorus electric furnace, and spraying a covering agent on the discharged residues;
s4, dismantling the yellow phosphorus electric furnace;
wherein the covering agent is formed by mixing 0.5-2M sodium bicarbonate solution and 1-2M aluminum sulfate solution according to the volume ratio of 5-10: 1.
2. The demolition method according to claim 1, characterized in that the covering agent is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) adding sodium bicarbonate into deionized water, and enabling the concentration of the prepared sodium bicarbonate solution to be 0.5-2M to obtain a first solution;
(2) adding aluminum sulfate into deionized water, and enabling the concentration of the prepared aluminum sulfate solution to be 1-2M to obtain a second solution;
(3) and (3) mixing the first solution prepared in the step (1) with the second solution prepared in the step (2) to prepare the covering agent.
3. The demolition method according to claim 1, characterized in that the covering agent is formed by mixing 0.8-1.5M sodium bicarbonate solution and 1-1.5M aluminum sulfate solution in a volume ratio of 6-8: 1.
4. The demolition method according to claim 1 wherein in S2 the mechanical means is one or more of poking, filing, scraping.
5. The demolition method according to claim 1 wherein in S3, the discharging speed of the residue discharged from the discharging hopper is 2 to 5 tons/hour, and the working time is set to 6 to 10 hours/day.
6. The demolition method according to claim 1, characterized in that in S3, a covering agent is sprayed onto the discharged residue to a thickness of 3-10 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911352767.XA CN111013081B (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | Method for dismantling yellow phosphorus electric furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911352767.XA CN111013081B (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | Method for dismantling yellow phosphorus electric furnace |
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| CN111013081A CN111013081A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
| CN111013081B true CN111013081B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01297817A (en) * | 1988-05-26 | 1989-11-30 | Toshiba Corp | Iii-v compound semiconductor vapor growth method |
| JP2003001219A (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-01-07 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Scattering preventive agent for deposit in incineration plant |
| CN106467295A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-03-01 | 湖北兴发化工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of combination type yellow phosphorus electric furnace slag notch |
| CN107970552A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-01 | 成都君禾天成科技有限公司 | A kind of fire-extinguishing composite based on phosphoric acid dry powder |
| CN110372306A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-10-25 | 四川新磷环保技术有限公司 | A kind of method that yellow phosphorus furnace slag prepares foam section |
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