CN111011087A - Large cherry planting method - Google Patents
Large cherry planting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111011087A CN111011087A CN201911309013.6A CN201911309013A CN111011087A CN 111011087 A CN111011087 A CN 111011087A CN 201911309013 A CN201911309013 A CN 201911309013A CN 111011087 A CN111011087 A CN 111011087A
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- planting
- fertilizer
- large cherry
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- soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a large cherry planting method, which comprises the following steps: selecting a single-span greenhouse without columns; preparing planting soil from soil, sheep manure, rice hulls and biological bacterial manure according to the mass ratio of 5:2:2: 1; selecting Meizao or Samituo as a large cherry variety; planting in narrow planting distance and wide row distance, filling prepared planting soil into a root limiter, placing a large cherry tree body in the middle of the root limiter, compacting the planting soil, and pouring root fixing water; spraying 50% Rong sprout 100 times of liquid tree; spraying flower and fruit retention on flowers by using a large cherry fruit setting agent in the full-bloom stage, and performing expansion treatment 15 days after the flowers are bloomed; applying a lunar fertilizer after fruit picking, and preventing high temperature. The planting method reduces frost damage and fruit cracking caused by rain in the mature period through facility rain-sheltering cultivation; the slender spindle shaping can realize high-density planting to improve the land utilization rate, improve the root growth environment through root-limiting cultivation, and solve the limitation problem of soil texture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of large cherry planting, in particular to a large cherry planting method.
Background
In areas with clay-like soil texture, poor air permeability, high annual precipitation and high ground water level, the large cherry root system is not suitable for growth, and the conventional planting technology cannot obtain high yield, so the development of the large cherry industry in the areas is limited; in addition, the conventional large cherry tree shape has large crown width, the yield per unit land area is limited, the land utilization rate is low, and the facility planting benefit is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the related art, the invention provides a large cherry planting method which can overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a large cherry planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) facility selection: selecting a single-span greenhouse without columns as a large cherry planting facility;
(2) preparing planting soil: preparing planting soil from soil, sheep manure, rice hulls and biological bacterial manure according to the mass ratio of 5:2:2: 1;
(3) root limiter selection: selecting a root limiter with the diameter of 80 cm and the height of 60 cm;
(4) selecting nursery stocks: selecting Meizao, Samituo or Bruke as large cherry variety;
(5) planting: planting in narrow planting distance and wide row distance, wherein the planting distance is 0.8 m, the row distance is 2 m, filling prepared planting soil into the root limiter, placing the large cherry trees in the middle of the root limiter, uniformly dispersing root systems, adding the planting soil to a position 15-20cm away from the top of the root limiter, compacting the planting soil, and pouring root water;
(6) and (3) water and fertilizer management: water and fertilizer integrated management, adopting a thin fertilizer application principle, using a balance fertilizer in the early stage, using a high-potassium fertilizer before color change after a hard core period, and spraying a high-calcium fertilizer on leaf surfaces after the hard core period;
(7) sprouting: spraying 50% Rong sprout 100 times liquid tree, controlling the temperature at 23 deg.C and humidity at 80% in the daytime from bud spotting to bud sprouting;
(8) flower and fruit treatment: spraying flower and fruit retention on flowers by using a large cherry fruit setting agent in the full-bloom stage, and performing expansion treatment 15 days after the flowers are bloomed;
(9) managing after fruit picking: applying a lunar fertilizer after picking fruits, and preventing high temperature to ensure flower bud differentiation;
(10) shaping and trimming: the vegetative branches are slowly released for 1-2 years and properly retracted after flower formation, and the fruiting branches are maintained in a tree shape by adopting bud picking, bud carving, short cutting and long releasing technologies.
Preferably, the single span of the single-span greenhouse without columns is 18-24 meters, and the height of the single-span greenhouse without columns is 5.5-6.5 meters.
Preferably, in the step (6), the dosage of the balance fertilizer is 2.5 kg/mu each time, and the balance fertilizer is used once in 7 days for 3 to 4 times.
Preferably, the dosage of the high potassium fertilizer in the step (6) is 2.5 kg/mu each time, and the high potassium fertilizer is used once in 7 days.
Preferably, in the step (8), the temperature of the flowering phase is controlled to be 18-20 ℃ in the daytime, and the humidity is controlled to be 60%; the temperature in the daytime of the sclerosing period is controlled to be 20-23 ℃, the temperature in the evening is controlled to be 8-10 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 50%; the temperature in the daytime of the maturation period is controlled at 23-25 ℃.
Preferably, the specific mode of applying the lunar manure in the step (9) is to apply fertilizers according to the usage amount of 3kg of bio-organic fertilizer per plant, 0.5kg of balance fertilizer per plant and 0.5kg of medium trace element water-soluble fertilizer per plant.
Preferably, the tree shape in step (10) is an elongated spindle shape.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the facility rain sheltering cultivation is adopted, so that the frost damage and fruit cracking problem caused by rain in the mature period are reduced; the slender spindle shaping can realize high-density planting to improve the land utilization rate, improve the root growth environment through root-limiting cultivation, and solve the limitation problem of soil texture.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method for planting the large cherries in the dormitory area comprises the following steps:
(1) facility selection: the large-span column-free single-span greenhouse is selected as a large cherry planting facility, the facility is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic materials, the strength is high, the weight is light, the strength can reach or exceed steel materials with the same cross section area, the main framework adopts a one-step forming process, the mechanical property is good, the bearing capacity of each part of the surface of the greenhouse can be transferred to the base, concentrated stress cannot be formed, and therefore the overall strength is greatly improved; the single span is 18 meters, the shed height is 5.5 meters, no upright column is provided, the land utilization rate is high, and the method is suitable for mechanical operation;
(2) preparing planting soil: preparing planting soil according to the mass ratio of the soil to the sheep manure to the rice hull to the biological bacterial manure =5:2:2: 1;
(3) root limiter selection: a root limiter with the diameter of 80 cm and the height of 60 cm;
(4) selecting nursery stocks: selecting a Meizao variety;
(5) planting: planting in narrow plant spacing and wide row spacing, wherein the plant row spacing is 0.8 m/2 m, filling prepared planting soil into the root limiter, the middle part is slightly lower than the periphery, placing the tree body in the middle of the root limiter, uniformly dispersing root systems, adding the planting soil at a position 15-20cm away from the top of the root limiter, compacting the soil, and pouring root water;
(6) and (3) water and fertilizer management: the water and fertilizer integrated management adopts the principle of thin fertilizer application, balanced fertilizer of 2.5 kg/mu (amino acid and fulvic acid can use 5 kg/mu) is used at the early stage, the balanced fertilizer is used once every 7 days, the balanced fertilizer is used 3-4 times, high-potassium swelling fruit fertilizer of 2.5 kg/mu is used before color change after the hard core period, the balanced fertilizer is used once every 7 days, the high-potassium swelling fruit fertilizer is used once every 7 days after the hard core period, and water-soluble high-calcium fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surface after;
(7) sprouting: spraying 100 times of liquid tree body with 50% Rong sprout (cyanamide) at the bottom of 2 months to promote bud germination in advance, controlling the temperature at about 23 deg.C and humidity at about 80% in the daytime after bud spotting and before germination;
(8) flower and fruit treatment: spraying flower and fruit retention is carried out on flowers by using a special fruit setting agent for large cherries in the full-bloom period, and the flowers are expanded 15 days after the flowers are bloomed; the temperature of the flowering phase is controlled to be 18-20 ℃ in the daytime, and the humidity is controlled to be about 60%; the temperature in the daytime of the sclerosing period is controlled to be 20-23 ℃, the temperature in the evening is controlled to be 8-10 ℃, and the air humidity is controlled to be about 50%; controlling the temperature at 23-25 ℃ in the daytime during the maturation period; the yield of each plant is 5kg, and the total yield per mu (annual yield) is 2000 kg;
(9) managing after fruit picking: after picking fruits, applying a moonseed fertilizer according to the use amount of 3 kg/plant of the bio-organic fertilizer, 0.5 kg/plant of the balance fertilizer and 0.5 kg/plant of the medium trace element water-soluble fertilizer; after picking fruits, preventing high temperature to ensure flower bud differentiation, and adopting a method of spraying a quick cooling agent on a greenhouse film and covering a sunshade net to reduce the temperature in the greenhouse;
(10) shaping and trimming: the vegetative branches are released slowly for 1-2 years and then retracted properly, and the fruiting branches are maintained in a slender spindle-shaped tree shape by adopting the technologies of bud picking, bud carving, short cutting, long releasing and the like.
Example 2
The method is characterized in that large cherries are planted in the Yangling region in Shaanxi, the steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1 except that the variety is Samituo, the single span of the large-span column-free single-span greenhouse is 24 meters, the height of the greenhouse is 6.5 meters, the single-plant yield of the large cherries is 8kg, the total yield per mu (annual yield) is 3200kg, and the economic benefit is considerable.
In conclusion, by means of the technical scheme, the novel large-span column-free single-span greenhouse is low in manufacturing cost, high in land utilization rate and convenient to manage and operate, and the rain-sheltering cultivation reduces frost damage and fruit cracking caused by rain in the mature period; the slender fusiform tree shape is convenient for maintenance and mechanized operation, and is easy for workers to master and learn; the root-limiting cultivation can improve the growth environment of the root system and solve the limitation problem of the soil texture.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The large cherry planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) facility selection: selecting a single-span greenhouse without columns as a large cherry planting facility;
(2) preparing planting soil: preparing planting soil from soil, sheep manure, rice hulls and biological bacterial manure according to the mass ratio of 5:2:2: 1;
(3) root limiter selection: selecting a root limiter with the diameter of 80 cm and the height of 60 cm;
(4) selecting nursery stocks: selecting Meizao or Samituo as a large cherry variety;
(5) planting: planting in narrow planting distance and wide row distance, wherein the planting distance is 0.8 m, the row distance is 2 m, filling prepared planting soil into the root limiter, placing the large cherry trees in the middle of the root limiter, uniformly dispersing root systems, adding the planting soil to a position 15-20cm away from the top of the root limiter, compacting the planting soil, and pouring root water;
(6) and (3) water and fertilizer management: water and fertilizer integrated management, adopting a thin fertilizer application principle, using a balance fertilizer in the early stage, using a high-potassium fertilizer before color change after a hard core period, and spraying a high-calcium fertilizer on leaf surfaces after the hard core period;
(7) sprouting: spraying 50% Rong sprout 100 times liquid tree, controlling the temperature at 23 deg.C and humidity at 80% in the daytime from bud spotting to bud sprouting;
(8) flower and fruit treatment: spraying flower and fruit retention on flowers by using a large cherry fruit setting agent in the full-bloom stage, and performing expansion treatment 15 days after the flowers are bloomed;
(9) managing after fruit picking: applying a lunar fertilizer after picking fruits, and preventing high temperature to ensure flower bud differentiation;
(10) shaping and trimming: the vegetative branches are slowly released for 1-2 years and properly retracted after flower formation, and the fruiting branches are maintained in a tree shape by adopting bud picking, bud carving, short cutting and long releasing technologies.
2. The large cherry planting method according to claim 1, wherein the single span of the spot-less single-span greenhouse is 18-24 m, and the height of the spot-less single-span greenhouse is 5.5-6.5 m.
3. The method for planting large cherries according to claim 1, wherein the balanced fertilizer is applied in step (6) at 2.5 kg/mu each time, and is applied once every 7 days for 3-4 times.
4. The large cherry planting method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the high potash fertilizer used in step (6) is 2.5 kg/mu each time, and the fertilizer is used once every 7 days.
5. The large cherry planting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (8), the temperature of the flowering phase is controlled to be 18-20 ℃ in the daytime, and the humidity is controlled to be 60%; the temperature in the daytime of the sclerosing period is controlled to be 20-23 ℃, the temperature in the evening is controlled to be 8-10 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 50%; the temperature in the daytime of the maturation period is controlled at 23-25 ℃.
6. The large cherry planting method according to claim 1, wherein the specific manner of applying the monthly organic fertilizer in the step (9) is to apply the fertilizer according to the dosage of 3 kg/plant of the bio-organic fertilizer, 0.5 kg/plant of the balance fertilizer and 0.5 kg/plant of the medium trace element water soluble fertilizer.
7. The large cherry planting method according to claim 1, wherein the tree shape in step (10) is an elongated spindle shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911309013.6A CN111011087A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Large cherry planting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911309013.6A CN111011087A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Large cherry planting method |
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| CN111011087A true CN111011087A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111919657A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-13 | 河北垣道农业开发有限公司 | Greenhouse ecological cherry cultivation method |
| CN113348954A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Sweet cherry root zone limited cultivation method in warm and humid regions in south |
| CN113994842A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-02-01 | 北京东方力原生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for enabling large cherries to enter full bearing period in advance |
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| CN106258766A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-01-04 | 任学平 | The facility cultivation method of large cherry twice fruit of 1 year knot |
| CN107691074A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-16 | 聊城大学 | A kind of technical system for promoting large cherry bud differentiation and its development |
| CN107980316A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-04 | 阜阳市鸿业生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of car li greenhouse high-yield planting method |
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2019
- 2019-12-18 CN CN201911309013.6A patent/CN111011087A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105028110A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-11 | 洱源县印象林果庄园有限公司 | Root-control dwarfing high-density planting and cultivating method for large cherry trees |
| CN105766299A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-20 | 乐亭丞起现代农业发展有限公司 | Method for culturing potted large cherry to be ripe during Spring Festival |
| CN106258766A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-01-04 | 任学平 | The facility cultivation method of large cherry twice fruit of 1 year knot |
| CN107691074A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-16 | 聊城大学 | A kind of technical system for promoting large cherry bud differentiation and its development |
| CN107980316A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-04 | 阜阳市鸿业生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of car li greenhouse high-yield planting method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111919657A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-13 | 河北垣道农业开发有限公司 | Greenhouse ecological cherry cultivation method |
| CN113348954A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Sweet cherry root zone limited cultivation method in warm and humid regions in south |
| CN113994842A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-02-01 | 北京东方力原生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for enabling large cherries to enter full bearing period in advance |
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Application publication date: 20200417 |