CN111006996A - Method for estimating weathering speed of spilled oil - Google Patents
Method for estimating weathering speed of spilled oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111006996A CN111006996A CN201911313240.6A CN201911313240A CN111006996A CN 111006996 A CN111006996 A CN 111006996A CN 201911313240 A CN201911313240 A CN 201911313240A CN 111006996 A CN111006996 A CN 111006996A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZRLNBWWGLOPJIC-PYQRSULMSA-N A'-neogammacerane Chemical compound C([C@]1(C)[C@H]2CC[C@H]34)CCC(C)(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@H]1[C@]3(C)CC[C@@H]1C(C)C ZRLNBWWGLOPJIC-PYQRSULMSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N prednisolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/004—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light to light
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an oil spill weathering speed estimation method, which is characterized in that the weathering speed of oil spill with unknown weathering time in different natural environments is inverted through the simulated weathering process of the specified oil spill in a weathering simulation box, so that the weathering time of the oil spill is obtained, the main process of oil spill weathering can be accelerated under the three conditions of continuous ventilation, constant illumination, high temperature and the like in the simulated climate box, and the decay constant of the oil spill is reduced. The mixed unblended oil has a higher decay rate than the mixed oil, and the weathering rate of some compounds can be changed in the mixing process. The method has the advantage of accurate estimation of the weathering speed of the spilled oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil spill detection, and relates to an oil spill weathering speed estimation method.
Background
The problems of the weathering degree and the weathering rate of the spilled oil are fundamental problems of single-source oil spilled oil research, and obvious correlation exists between the weathering degree and the weathering rate and the change of the composition of the spilled oil. The oil spill weathering process is mainly divided into physical, chemical and biological processes, and the physicochemical properties of the oil product are changed through the process. In the past domestic research, the change of physical properties in the oil spill weathering process is mainly aimed at, and the work of grading the oil spill weathering process or estimating the weathering rate of the oil spill is less by researching the loss amount of a certain compound or a certain group of compounds.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oil spill weathering speed estimation method which has the advantages of being simple and accurate in oil spill weathering speed estimation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the weathering speed of the oil spill with unknown weathering time in different natural environments is inverted through the simulated weathering process of the specified oil spill in the weathering simulation box, so that the weathering time of the oil spill is known, and the main process of oil spill weathering can be accelerated under the three conditions of continuous ventilation, constant illumination, high temperature and the like in the simulated climate box, so that the attenuation constant of the oil spill is reduced. The mixed unblended oil has a higher decay rate than the mixed oil, and the weathering rate of some compounds can be changed in the mixing process.
Further, the oil spill weathering speed is estimated:
HC＝HC0×ek(at+b)
k is the decay constant, t is the weathering time, HC is the hydrocarbon concentration at t, HC is0The initial hydrocarbon concentration, a, b are constants related to temperature and light intensity.
Further, the attenuation constant k is dependent on the weathering environment, the attenuation constant k being fitted to-0.13 d-1。
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Comparing the estimated and measured values of the total concentration of the different fractions of the respective series of mixed spilled oils makes it possible to know that
The weathering difference possibly existing in the same series of spilled oil, and the weathering speed of the spilled oil is estimated:
HC＝HC0×ek(at+b)
k is the decay constant, t is the weathering time, HC is the hydrocarbon concentration at t, HC is0The initial hydrocarbon concentration, a, b are constants related to temperature and light intensity. The decay constant k is mainly related to weathering environment, and through a large number of experiments, the decay constant k of the invention is fit to-0.13 d-1Accordingly, the decay rate of the oil spill in the artificial simulated climate box is at least 4 times faster than the decay rate in the natural environment, which indicates that the weathering condition in the artificial simulated climate box accelerates the weathering process of the oil spill. The following table 1 is a comparison table of measured and estimated values of the content of each group of substances in the mixed spilled oil.
TABLE 1
Note: Σ alkanes: n-alkanes C10-C38The sum of the concentrations; Σ Steran: sum of concentrations of 12 stanols; Σ Hopane: the sum of the concentrations of 18 hopane; Σ Alkylated PAHs: sum of concentrations of alkyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon homologs; E/A: estimate/measured value.
And (4) conclusion:
with the increase of the mixing proportion of the mixed oil (TX-0), the relative content of the normal paraffin of the mixed oil product is gradually increased. The paraffin with the highest saturated paraffin abundance value of the mixed oil (TX-0) is approximately distributed between n-C15 and n-C25, and the content of light components is higher. From the change process of the mass of the saturated alkane, the total mass of the normal alkane of the single-oil-source oil sample (TSO-0) is rapidly reduced along with the increase of the weathering degradation degree within 0-24 h, and the change is not obvious after 24 h. The early weathering is fast, the quality loss is more, the later weathering degradation degree is slow, the quality of the lighter components is rapidly reduced along with the increase of the weathering degradation degree within 0-24 h, and the other three mixed samples are degraded and stagnated in different weathering periods within 1-15 days, which shows that the short-term change rule of the total normal paraffin of the mixed oil product has certain influence due to the mixing proportion difference of the two selected heterogeneous oil products. The main reason why the mixing rule of the weathered mixed source oil mixed spilled oil is different from that of the mixed source oil mixed spilled oil is that a part of normal paraffin is weathered and degraded in the early stage of the oil product of the heavily weathered oil source mixed in the weathered mixed source oil mixed spilled oil.
The main process of oil spill weathering can be accelerated by simulating three conditions of continuous ventilation, constant illumination, high temperature and the like in a climate box, so that the attenuation constant of oil spill is reduced. The immiscible oils have a faster rate of decay than miscible oils, meaning that the mixing process can alter the weathering rate of some compounds.
The law of change of the overall composition characteristics at different mixing ratios shows that after an oil spill accident occurs, if a certain amount of background hydrocarbons exist in the environment, the type of the oil spill is difficult to be accurately identified only by a GC-MS normal paraffin component spectrum. The short-term change rule of the total mass of the normal paraffin of the mixed oil product is less influenced by the mixing proportion difference of the two different oil products. The change rule of the overall composition characteristics of different mixing ratios shows that the difference of the mixing ratio of the end-member oil has certain influence on the short-term change rule of the total mass of the normal paraffin of the mixed oil product. There is a difference in the degree of efflorescence between the light components during the short term efflorescence of certain crude oils with higher light components.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for estimating the weathering speed of spilled oil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the weathering speed of the oil spill with unknown weathering time in different natural environments is inverted through the simulated weathering process of the specified oil spill in the weathering simulation box, so that the weathering time of the oil spill is obtained, the main process of oil spill weathering can be accelerated under the three conditions of continuous ventilation, constant illumination, high temperature and the like in the simulated climate box, and the attenuation constant of the oil spill is reduced. The mixed unblended oil has a higher decay rate than the mixed oil, and the weathering rate of some compounds can be changed in the mixing process.
2. The method for estimating the weathering speed of oil spills according to claim 1, wherein: estimating the weathering speed of the spilled oil:
HC＝HC0×ek(at+b)
k is the decay constant, t is the weathering time, HC is the hydrocarbon concentration at t, HC is0The initial hydrocarbon concentration, a, b are constants related to temperature and light intensity.
3. The method for estimating the weathering speed of oil spills according to claim 2, wherein: the attenuation constant k is related to the weathering environment, and the attenuation constant k is fit to-0.13 d-1。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911313240.6A CN111006996A (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | Method for estimating weathering speed of spilled oil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911313240.6A CN111006996A (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | Method for estimating weathering speed of spilled oil |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111006996A true CN111006996A (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911313240.6A Pending CN111006996A (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | Method for estimating weathering speed of spilled oil |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004008908A (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2004-01-15 | Mazda Motor Corp | Method of estimating change of concentration of prescribed component in fluid and analyzing method of reaction rate |
| CN101551321A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2009-10-07 | 深圳市计量质量检测研究院 | Marine oil overflow air slaking simulation system |
| WO2013104954A1 (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-07-18 | Total Sa | Method and system for testing oil spill dispersant effectiveness |
| US8784665B1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2014-07-22 | Geoff McMahon | Method for reducing odor and harmful materials from sewer plant process streams |
| CN204241185U (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-04-01 | 浙江海洋学院 | Dock area spilled oil simulation experiment table |
| CN105116125A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-02 | 交通运输部水运科学研究所 | Scaling and simulating experiment device for influences of spilled oil weathering on water quality |
| CN105181919A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-23 | 交通运输部水运科学研究所 | Experiment system and method for simulating influence of spilled oil weathering on water quality |
| CN106990032A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-28 | 中交四航工程研究院有限公司 | Concrete under chloride environment structural life-time Forecasting Methodology based on prototype monitoring data |
-
2019
- 2019-12-19 CN CN201911313240.6A patent/CN111006996A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004008908A (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2004-01-15 | Mazda Motor Corp | Method of estimating change of concentration of prescribed component in fluid and analyzing method of reaction rate |
| CN101551321A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2009-10-07 | 深圳市计量质量检测研究院 | Marine oil overflow air slaking simulation system |
| US8784665B1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2014-07-22 | Geoff McMahon | Method for reducing odor and harmful materials from sewer plant process streams |
| WO2013104954A1 (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-07-18 | Total Sa | Method and system for testing oil spill dispersant effectiveness |
| CN204241185U (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-04-01 | 浙江海洋学院 | Dock area spilled oil simulation experiment table |
| CN105116125A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-02 | 交通运输部水运科学研究所 | Scaling and simulating experiment device for influences of spilled oil weathering on water quality |
| CN105181919A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-23 | 交通运输部水运科学研究所 | Experiment system and method for simulating influence of spilled oil weathering on water quality |
| CN106990032A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-28 | 中交四航工程研究院有限公司 | Concrete under chloride environment structural life-time Forecasting Methodology based on prototype monitoring data |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| P.D. BOEHM等: "Shoreline ecology program for Prince William Sound, Alaska, following the Exxon Valdez oil spill: Part 2. Chemistry and toxicology", ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION, 1 January 1995 (1995-01-01), pages 347 - 397 * |
| UN HYUK YIM等: "Fingerprint and weathering characteristics of stranded oils after the Hebei Spirit oil spill", 《JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS》, pages 60 - 69 * |
| 张珞平,王隆发,吴瑜端: "河口港湾海水中石油烃的自然风化模式", no. 01, pages 117 * |
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