CN110973393A - Environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Wanxi white geese - Google Patents

Environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Wanxi white geese Download PDF

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CN110973393A
CN110973393A CN201911282634.XA CN201911282634A CN110973393A CN 110973393 A CN110973393 A CN 110973393A CN 201911282634 A CN201911282634 A CN 201911282634A CN 110973393 A CN110973393 A CN 110973393A
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parts
vitamin
daily ration
environment
west
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任曼
李升和
胡倩倩
江幸
赵春芳
靳二辉
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Wanxi white geese, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of corn, 15-25 parts of peeled soybean meal, 1-5 parts of unite bran, 2-8 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of sorghum flour, 1-5 parts of pig bone meal, 1-3 parts of vital gluten, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 0.2-1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of salt, 0.2-1 part of selenium yeast, 1-4 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 1-2 parts of grass powder, 0.2-1 part of kudzu root powder, 0.1-0.5 part of red yeast rice and 4-8 parts of pretreated macadamia nut shell. The environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of the white geese in the west Anhui province is rich in nutrient substances, and increases the coordination effect of the gastrointestinal tracts of the white geese in the west Anhui province, so that on one hand, the white geese in the west Anhui province can be promoted to eat, on the other hand, the digestibility can be improved, the odor smell of excrement of the white geese in the west Anhui province is reduced, the feeding place is deodorized and decontaminated, the feeding air quality is improved, and meanwhile, the immunity of the white geese.

Description

Environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Wanxi white geese
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Wanxi white geese, in particular to an environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of Wanxi white geese.
Background
Goose breeding industry is the traditional agriculture of China since ancient times, geese are considered as the first poultry domesticated by human beings, and the geese have the characteristics of coarse feeding resistance, strong vitality, wide adaptability and the like. Goose meat, liver and velvet are used together and are favored by human beings. The Chinese is known as the 'waterfowl kingdom' in the world, more than 90% of the goose yield comes from China, the goose meat has rich nutritive value and is beneficial to human health, so that the method has important significance for vigorously developing meat goose breeding and promoting the development of agricultural economy in China. In the current agricultural industry structure integration, the agricultural industry structure is more and more widely concerned by countries around the world. With the rapid development of Chinese economy and the improvement of the quality of life of people, the demand of the market for goose products is increased year by year, and the goose breeding quantity is still steadily increased in a long time in future according to the estimation of agricultural departments.
Although China is a big goose-raising country, the scientific research progress of the goose industry is very slow. The research on goose nutriology in China starts late, daily ration is an important nutrient influencing goose growth and development, the error of nutrition demand of geese is generally calculated by other poultry nutrition demand data at present, whether the content of nutrient substances in the daily ration can meet the demand and directly influence the life and production of geese is large, the research on the nutrition demand of Wanxi white geese is lacked at home and abroad at present, reports on nutrition and feed of the Wanxi white geese are few, the growth potential of geese cannot be fully exerted due to inaccuracy of feeding standards, the economic benefit of cultivation is reduced, and resources and the environment are wasted. In order to promote the development of goose industry, the nutrition research of geese needs to be further advanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides an environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of Wanxi white geese.
An environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of white geese in the west of Anhui province comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of corn, 15-25 parts of peeled soybean meal, 1-5 parts of unite bran, 2-8 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of sorghum flour, 1-5 parts of pig bone meal, 1-3 parts of vital gluten, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 0.2-1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of salt, 0.2-1 part of selenium yeast, 1-4 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 1-2 parts of grass powder, 0.2-1 part of kudzu root powder, 0.1-0.5 part of red yeast rice and 4-8 parts of pretreated macadamia nut shell.
Preferably, the raw materials of the feed also comprise a premix for providing vitamins and trace elements for the Wanxi white goose, and the premix comprises: vitamin A and vitamin D3Vitamin E, vitamin K3Vitamin B12Riboflavin, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, choline chloride, zinc gluconate, ferrous lactate, manganese sulfate, copper methionine and potassium iodide.
Preferably, the content of vitamins and trace elements per kg of the daily ration is as follows: vitamin A8000-32500 + 3500IU, vitamin E20-28 IU, vitamin K31.5-2.0mg, vitamin B120.05-0.15mg, 4-6mg of riboflavin, 35-45mg of nicotinic acid, 10-20mg of pantothenic acid, 2.5-3.5mg of pyridoxine, 0.04-0.06mg of biotin, 400mg of choline chloride, 80-100mg of zinc, 70-90mg of iron, 70-90mg of manganese, 15-25mg of copper and 0.3-0.4mg of iodine.
Preferably, the pretreated macadamia nut shells are prepared by the following process: pulverizing macadamia nut shells, sieving, immersing in water, standing for 2-4 days, filtering, rolling, steaming and softening at 90-100 deg.C for 30-100min, cooling to room temperature, adding water to water content of 50-80 wt%, adding microbial agent, stirring, sealing, and fermenting to obtain pretreated macadamia nut shells.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the pretreated macadamia nut shells, the macadamia nut shells are crushed and then screened by a 100-mesh sieve.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the pretreated macadamia nut shells, the softened macadamia nut shell powder is taken as the reference, and the inoculation amount of the microbial agent is 1-2 x 106cfu/g。
Preferably, in the preparation process of the pretreated macadamia nut shells, the microbial agent comprises lactobacillus plantarum, rhodopseudomonas palustris, candida utilis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bifidobacterium longum.
Preferably, the concentration of the lactobacillus plantarum, the rhodopseudomonas palustris, the candida utilis, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the bifidobacterium longum in the microbial agent is 1.2-2 multiplied by 10 in sequence82-2.5 x 10 of unit/g81-3 x 10 of unit/g81.5-2.5X 10 of unit/g81.2-1.8X 10 of unit/g81-2 x 10 per gram8Per gram.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the pretreated macadamia nut shells, the sealed fermentation temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the sealed fermentation time is 5-10 days.
The technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) because the macadamia nut has extremely high nutritive value, the macadamia nut is eaten by people in large quantity, but the nut shell of the macadamia nut is generally discarded or burnt due to high hardness; according to the method, the macadamia nut shells are crushed and rolled, so that the subsequent steam can be rapidly softened, the loss of nutrient substances is almost avoided, the nutrient substances of the macadamia nut shells are fermented by the microbial agent, the nutrient substance dissolution degree of the preprocessed macadamia nut shells is good, the nutritive value is extremely high, and the preprocessed macadamia nut shells can be used as daily ration of white geese in the west of Anhui province.
(2) According to the method, the microbial inoculum is adopted to degrade long molecular chains such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and xylan and ester bonds of wood compounds in softened macadamia nut shells in the fermentation process, so that the long molecular chains of the high molecular compounds which cannot be absorbed by white gooses in the Western Anhui province are broken, micromolecule energy substances which can be absorbed and utilized are generated, original organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen are converted into mycoprotein, the absorption of the white gooses in the Western Anhui province is facilitated, meanwhile, various beneficial substances such as mono/disaccharide, amino acid, vitamins and antibiotics can be generated in the microbial inoculum fermentation process, the nutritional value of the preprocessed macadamia nut shells is obviously improved, the sweet acid mellow flavor is generated, the milk flavor is light, the appetite of the white gooses in the Western Anhui province is improved, and the food intake of the white gooses in the Western Anhui province is increased.
(3) According to the method, the preprocessed macadamia nut shells are compounded with the corns, the peeled soybean meal, the rice bran and the wheat bran, so that the nutritional substances are rich, the intestinal function of the white Wanxi goose is improved, the coordination effect of the gastrointestinal tract of the white Wanxi goose is increased, on one hand, the increase of the food intake of the white Wanxi goose can be promoted, on the other hand, the digestibility can be obviously improved, the stink smell of the excrement of the white Wanxi goose is reduced, the purposes of deodorization and pollution reduction of a feeding place are achieved, the air quality in the feeding place is improved, the immunity of the white Wanxi goose can be obviously improved, the pathogenic infection is prevented, the skeleton growth is promoted, the appetite of the white Wanxi goose can be effectively improved, the rapid growth of the white Wanxi goose is promoted, and meanwhile, the cost is low, and the method is.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
An environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Wanxi white geese comprises the following raw materials: 60kg of corn, 25kg of peeled soybean meal, 1kg of unite bran, 8kg of wheat bran, 2kg of sorghum flour, 5kg of pig bone meal, 1kg of wheat gluten, 2kg of stone powder, 0.2kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5kg of salt, 0.2kg of selenium yeast, 4kg of purple sweet potato powder, 1kg of grass powder, 1kg of radix puerariae powder, 0.1kg of red yeast rice, 8kg of pretreated macadamia nut shell and premix.
The premix compound makes each kilogram of daily ration contain the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A8000IU, vitamin D33500IU, vitamin E20 IU, vitamin K32.0mg, vitamin B120.05mg, riboflavin 6mg, nicotinic acid 35mg, pantothenic acid 20mg, pyridoxine 2.5mg, biotin0.06mg, choline chloride 400mg, zinc 100mg, iron 70mg, manganese 90mg, copper 15mg, iodine 0.4 mg.
In the pretreatment process of macadamia nut shells, macadamia nut shells are crushed, sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, immersed in water, kept stand for 2 days, filtered, sent into a continuous roller press for rolling at the rolling speed of 20m/min, sent into a digester, softened at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 100min, cooled to room temperature, added with water until the water content is 50 wt%, added with a microbial agent, stirred uniformly, and fermented in a sealing manner at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 5 days to obtain the pretreated macadamia nut shells.
Example 2
An environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Wanxi white geese comprises the following raw materials: 70kg of corn, 15kg of peeled soybean meal, 5kg of unite bran, 2kg of wheat bran, 4kg of sorghum flour, 1kg of pig bone meal, 3kg of wheat gluten, 1kg of stone powder, 1kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1kg of salt, 1kg of selenium yeast, 1kg of purple sweet potato powder, 2kg of grass meal, 0.2kg of kudzu root powder, 0.5kg of red yeast rice, 4kg of pretreated macadamia nut shell and premix.
The premix compound makes each kilogram of daily ration contain the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A10000IU, vitamin D32500IU, vitamin E28 IU, vitamin K31.5mg, vitamin B120.15mg, riboflavin 4mg, nicotinic acid 45mg, pantothenic acid 10mg, pyridoxine 3.5mg, biotin 0.04mg, choline chloride 600mg, zinc 80mg, iron 90mg, manganese 70mg, copper 25mg, iodine 0.3 mg.
In the pretreatment process of macadamia nut shells, macadamia nut shells are crushed, sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, immersed in water, kept stand for 4 days, filtered, sent into a continuous roller press for rolling at the rolling speed of 10m/min, sent into a digester, softened at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 30min, cooled to room temperature, added with water until the water content is 80 wt%, added with a microbial agent, stirred uniformly, and fermented in a sealed manner at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 10 days to obtain the pretreated macadamia nut shells.
Example 3
An environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Wanxi white geese comprises the following raw materials: 62kg of corn, 22kg of peeled soybean meal, 2kg of rice bran, 6kg of wheat bran, 2.5kg of sorghum flour, 4kg of pig bone meal, 1.5kg of wheat gluten, 1.7kg of mountain flour, 0.4kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4kg of salt, 0.4kg of selenium yeast, 3kg of purple sweet potato powder, 1.2kg of grass powder, 0.8kg of kudzu root powder, 0.2kg of red yeast rice, 7kg of pretreated macadamia nut shell and premix.
The premix compound makes each kilogram of daily ration contain the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A8500IU, vitamin D33200IU, vitamin E22 IU, vitamin K31.8mg, vitamin B120.08mg, riboflavin 5.5mg, nicotinic acid 38mg, pantothenic acid 17mg, pyridoxine 2.8mg, biotin 0.055mg, choline chloride 450mg, zinc 95mg, iron 75mg, manganese 85mg, copper 18mg, iodine 0.37 mg.
In the pretreatment process of macadamia nut shells, macadamia nut shells are crushed, sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, immersed in water, kept stand for 2.5 days, filtered, sent into a continuous roller press for rolling at the rolling speed of 18m/min, sent into a digester, softened at the temperature of 92 ℃ for 90min, cooled to room temperature, added with water until the water content is 60 wt%, added with a microbial agent, stirred uniformly, and fermented in a sealed manner at the temperature of 28 ℃ for 6 days to obtain the pretreated macadamia nut shells.
Example 4
An environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Wanxi white geese comprises the following raw materials: 68kg of corn, 18kg of peeled soybean meal, 4kg of rice bran, 4kg of wheat bran, 3.5kg of sorghum flour, 2kg of pig bone meal, 2.5kg of wheat gluten, 1.3kg of mountain flour, 0.8kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2kg of salt, 0.8kg of selenium yeast, 2kg of purple sweet potato powder, 1.8kg of grass powder, 0.4kg of kudzu root powder, 0.4kg of red yeast rice, 5kg of pretreated macadamia nut shell and premix.
The premix compound makes each kilogram of daily ration contain the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A9500IU, vitamin D32800IU, vitamin E26 IU, vitamin K31.6mg, vitamin B120.12mg, riboflavin 4.5mg, nicotinic acid 42mg, pantothenic acid 13mg, pyridoxine 3.2mg, biotin 0.045mg, choline chloride 550mg, zinc 85mg, iron 85mg, manganese 75mg, copper 22mg, iodine 0.33 mg.
In the pretreatment process of macadamia nut shells, macadamia nut shells are crushed, sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, immersed in water, kept stand for 3.5 days, filtered, sent into a continuous roller press for rolling at the rolling speed of 12m/min, sent into a digester, softened at the temperature of 98 ℃ for 50min, cooled to room temperature, added with water until the water content is 70 wt%, added with a microbial agent, stirred uniformly, and fermented in a sealed manner at the temperature of 22 ℃ for 8 days to obtain the pretreated macadamia nut shells.
Example 5
An environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Wanxi white geese comprises the following raw materials: 65kg of corn, 20kg of peeled soybean meal, 3kg of rice bran, 5kg of wheat bran, 3kg of sorghum flour, 3kg of pig bone meal, 2kg of wheat gluten, 1.5kg of stone powder, 0.6kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3kg of salt, 0.6kg of selenium yeast, 2.5kg of purple sweet potato powder, 1.5kg of grass powder, 0.6kg of radix puerariae powder, 0.3kg of red yeast rice, 6kg of pretreated macadamia nut shells and premix.
The premix compound makes each kilogram of daily ration contain the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A9000IU, vitamin D33000IU, vitamin E24 IU, vitamin K31.7mg, vitamin B120.1mg, riboflavin 5mg, nicotinic acid 40mg, pantothenic acid 15mg, pyridoxine 3mg, biotin 0.05mg, choline chloride 500mg, zinc 90mg, iron 80mg, manganese 80mg, copper 20mg, iodine 0.35 mg.
In the pretreatment process of macadamia nut shells, macadamia nut shells are crushed, sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, immersed in water, kept stand for 3 days, filtered, sent into a continuous roller press for rolling at the rolling speed of 15m/min, sent into a digester, softened at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 70min, cooled to room temperature, added with water until the water content is 65 wt%, added with a microbial agent, stirred uniformly, and fermented in a sealed manner at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 7 days to obtain the pretreated macadamia nut shells.
Comparative example 1
An environment-friendly daily ration for white geese in the west of Anhui province comprises the following raw materials: 65kg of corn, 20kg of peeled soybean meal, 3kg of rice bran, 5kg of wheat bran, 3kg of sorghum flour, 3kg of pig bone meal, 2kg of wheat gluten, 1.5kg of stone powder, 0.6kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3kg of salt, 0.6kg of selenium yeast, 2.5kg of purple sweet potato powder, 1.5kg of grass powder, 0.6kg of kudzu root powder, 0.3kg of red yeast rice and premix.
The premix compound makes each kilogram of daily ration contain the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A9000IU, vitamin D33000IU, vitaminsE24 IU, vitamin K31.7mg, vitamin B120.1mg, riboflavin 5mg, nicotinic acid 40mg, pantothenic acid 15mg, pyridoxine 3mg, biotin 0.05mg, choline chloride 500mg, zinc 90mg, iron 80mg, manganese 80mg, copper 20mg, iodine 0.35 mg.
Comparative example 2
An environment-friendly daily ration for white geese in the west of Anhui province comprises the following raw materials: 65kg of corn, 20kg of peeled soybean meal, 3kg of rice bran, 5kg of wheat bran, 3kg of sorghum flour, 3kg of pig bone meal, 2kg of wheat gluten, 1.5kg of stone powder, 0.6kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3kg of salt, 0.6kg of selenium yeast, 2.5kg of purple sweet potato powder, 1.5kg of grass powder, 0.6kg of kudzu root powder, 0.3kg of red yeast rice, 6kg of macadamia nut shell powder and premix.
The premix compound makes each kilogram of daily ration contain the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A9000IU, vitamin D33000IU, vitamin E24 IU, vitamin K31.7mg, vitamin B120.1mg, riboflavin 5mg, nicotinic acid 40mg, pantothenic acid 15mg, pyridoxine 3mg, biotin 0.05mg, choline chloride 500mg, zinc 90mg, iron 80mg, manganese 80mg, copper 20mg, iodine 0.35 mg.
Comparative example 3
An environment-friendly daily ration for white geese in the west of Anhui province comprises the following raw materials: 65kg of corn, 20kg of peeled soybean meal, 3kg of rice bran, 5kg of wheat bran, 3kg of sorghum flour, 3kg of pig bone meal, 2kg of wheat gluten, 1.5kg of stone powder, 0.6kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3kg of salt, 0.6kg of selenium yeast, 2.5kg of purple sweet potato powder, 1.5kg of grass powder, 0.6kg of radix puerariae powder, 0.3kg of red yeast rice, 6kg of pretreated macadamia nut shells and premix.
The premix compound makes each kilogram of daily ration contain the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A9000IU, vitamin D33000IU, vitamin E24 IU, vitamin K31.7mg, vitamin B120.1mg, riboflavin 5mg, nicotinic acid 40mg, pantothenic acid 15mg, pyridoxine 3mg, biotin 0.05mg, choline chloride 500mg, zinc 90mg, iron 80mg, manganese 80mg, copper 20mg, iodine 0.35 mg.
In the pretreatment process of macadamia nut shells, macadamia nut shells are crushed, sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, immersed in water, kept stand for 3 days, filtered, sent into a continuous roller press for rolling at the rolling speed of 15m/min, added with water until the water content is 65 wt%, added with a microbial agent, stirred uniformly, and fermented in a sealing mode at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 7 days to obtain the pretreated macadamia nut shells.
Comparative example 4
An environment-friendly daily ration for white geese in the west of Anhui province comprises the following raw materials: 65kg of corn, 20kg of peeled soybean meal, 3kg of rice bran, 5kg of wheat bran, 3kg of sorghum flour, 3kg of pig bone meal, 2kg of wheat gluten, 1.5kg of stone powder, 0.6kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3kg of salt, 0.6kg of selenium yeast, 2.5kg of purple sweet potato powder, 1.5kg of grass powder, 0.6kg of radix puerariae powder, 0.3kg of red yeast rice, 6kg of pretreated macadamia nut shells and premix.
The premix compound makes each kilogram of daily ration contain the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A9000IU, vitamin D33000IU, vitamin E24 IU, vitamin K31.7mg, vitamin B120.1mg, riboflavin 5mg, nicotinic acid 40mg, pantothenic acid 15mg, pyridoxine 3mg, biotin 0.05mg, choline chloride 500mg, zinc 90mg, iron 80mg, manganese 80mg, copper 20mg, iodine 0.35 mg.
In the pretreatment process of macadamia nut shells, macadamia nut shells are crushed, sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, immersed in water, kept stand for 3 days, filtered, rolled in a continuous roller press at a rolling speed of 15m/min, put in a digester, and softened at a temperature of 95 ℃ for 70min to obtain the pretreated macadamia nut shells.
The environmental-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of the white geese in the west Anhui province obtained in example 5 and the environmental-friendly daily rations for the white geese in the west Anhui province obtained in comparative examples 1-4 were subjected to property detection, and the results were as follows:
Figure BDA0002317181230000101
Figure BDA0002317181230000111
200 healthy and active 5-week-old Wanxi white geese with similar body weight are selected, randomly divided into 5 groups of 40 geese in each group, and fed to 9 weeks old under the same condition.
Feeding in the test goose house, freely drinking water, ensuring uniform feed intake, performing feeding management measures according to the conventional measures of the goose farm, cleaning the colony house every day, keeping ventilation in the house, regularly disinfecting, and observing and recording the conditions of feed intake, health and the like of the test goose every day. After the feeding is finished, randomly selecting 20 points in the goose house to detect the concentration of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide.
The results are as follows:
Figure BDA0002317181230000112
measurement of apparent digestibility as described above: before the test is started, respectively taking 500g of each group of feed, fully and uniformly mixing, air-drying, crushing, and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to prepare an analysis sample; uniformly collecting about 50g of excrement samples from each goose house in the morning and at night 3d before the test stage is finished, mixing, continuously collecting the excrement 3d, fully and uniformly mixing by taking a cage as a unit, and freezing and storing; the contents of acid-insoluble ash and crude protein (or crude fat) in the feed and feces were measured, respectively, and the apparent digestibility was calculated.
Figure BDA0002317181230000121
Wherein N isfIs the content of crude protein (or crude fat), N, in fecesdThe content of crude protein (or crude fat) in the feed, MdThe content of acid-insoluble ash in the feed, MfIs the content of acid insoluble ash in feces.
From the above table, it can be seen that: the environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of the white geese in the west Anhui province is rich in nutrient substances, and the coordination effect of the gastrointestinal tracts of the white geese in the west Anhui province is increased, so that on one hand, the feed intake of the white geese in the west Anhui province can be increased, on the other hand, the digestibility can be obviously improved, the odor smell of excrement of the white geese in the west Anhui province is reduced, the purposes of deodorizing and reducing pollution of a feeding place are achieved, the air quality in the feeding place is improved, and meanwhile, the immunity of the.
Randomly selecting 8 geese in each group at the end of feeding period, after fasting for 12h, bleeding and killing the neck, taking the jejunum to store in liquid nitrogen for later use, taking out the frozen jejunum, diluting the frozen jejunum by adopting physiological saline according to the ratio W: V ═ 1: 10, homogenating the tissue for 10min, centrifuging the diluted jejunum for 15min by a 4 ℃ centrifuge 10000r/min, taking the supernatant, and respectively measuring the activities of lipase, diglycosise (sucrase, lactase and maltase) and digestive enzyme (α -amylase and trypsin) according to the operation of a reagent instruction (Nanjing institute of Biotechnology).
Figure BDA0002317181230000122
Figure BDA0002317181230000131
From the above two tables, it can be seen that: the environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of the Wanxi white goose, disclosed by the invention, can improve the content and activity of various enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, promote digestion, is beneficial to improving the intestinal function of the Wanxi white goose and increasing the coordination effect of the gastrointestinal tract of the Wanxi white goose, so that the digestion and absorption efficiency of the feed is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of the white goose in the west of Anhui province is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of corn, 15-25 parts of peeled soybean meal, 1-5 parts of unite bran, 2-8 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of sorghum flour, 1-5 parts of pig bone meal, 1-3 parts of vital gluten, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 0.2-1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of salt, 0.2-1 part of selenium yeast, 1-4 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 1-2 parts of grass powder, 0.2-1 part of kudzu root powder, 0.1-0.5 part of red yeast rice and 4-8 parts of pretreated macadamia nut shell.
2. The environment-friendly daily ration for improving growth performance of Anhui-west white geese according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials further comprise premix for providing vitamins and trace elements for the Anhui-west white geese, and the premix is preparedThe material mixing comprises the following steps: vitamin A and vitamin D3Vitamin E, vitamin K3Vitamin B12Riboflavin, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, choline chloride, zinc gluconate, ferrous lactate, manganese sulfate, copper methionine and potassium iodide.
3. The environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of white geese in the west of Anhui province according to claim 2, wherein each kilogram of the daily ration contains the following vitamins and trace elements: vitamin A8000-32500 + 3500IU, vitamin E20-28 IU, vitamin K31.5-2.0mg, vitamin B120.05-0.15mg, 4-6mg of riboflavin, 35-45mg of nicotinic acid, 10-20mg of pantothenic acid, 2.5-3.5mg of pyridoxine, 0.04-0.06mg of biotin, 400mg of choline chloride, 80-100mg of zinc, 70-90mg of iron, 70-90mg of manganese, 15-25mg of copper and 0.3-0.4mg of iodine.
4. The environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of Anhui-west white geese according to claim 1, wherein the pre-treated macadamia shells are prepared by the following process: pulverizing macadamia nut shells, sieving, immersing in water, standing for 2-4 days, filtering, rolling, steaming and softening at 90-100 deg.C for 30-100min, cooling to room temperature, adding water to water content of 50-80 wt%, adding microbial agent, stirring, sealing, and fermenting to obtain pretreated macadamia nut shells.
5. The environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of Anhui-west white geese according to claim 4, wherein in the preparation process of the pretreated macadamia nut shells, the macadamia nut shells are crushed and then screened by a 100-mesh sieve.
6. The environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of Anhui west white geese according to claim 4, wherein in the preparation process of the pretreated macadamia nut shells, the softened macadamia nut shell powder is taken as a reference, and the inoculation amount of the microbial agent is 1-2 x 106cfu/g。
7. The environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of Anhui west white geese according to claim 4, wherein in the preparation process of the pretreated Hawaii nut shells, the microbial agents comprise lactobacillus plantarum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bifidobacterium longum;
wherein the concentrations of Lactobacillus plantarum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bifidobacterium longum in the microbial agent are 1.2-2 × 1082-2.5 x 10 of unit/g81-3 x 10 of unit/g81.5-2.5X 10 of unit/g81.2-1.8X 10 of unit/g81-2 x 10 per gram8Per gram.
8. The environment-friendly daily ration for improving the growth performance of Anhui-west white geese according to claim 4, wherein in the preparation process of the pretreated Hawaii shells, the sealed fermentation temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the sealed fermentation time is 5-10 days.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111685242A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-22 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 9-13 week-old Wanxi white goose low-nitrogen concentrate supplement and application thereof
CN114504062A (en) * 2022-03-28 2022-05-17 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 Daily ration substitute feed for partridge chickens and use method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111685242A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-22 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 9-13 week-old Wanxi white goose low-nitrogen concentrate supplement and application thereof
CN114504062A (en) * 2022-03-28 2022-05-17 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 Daily ration substitute feed for partridge chickens and use method thereof
CN114504062B (en) * 2022-03-28 2023-05-23 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 Feed for replacing daily ration of spicy chickens and application method of feed

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