CN110964547A - Garbage drying treatment method and application - Google Patents
Garbage drying treatment method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110964547A CN110964547A CN201811153363.3A CN201811153363A CN110964547A CN 110964547 A CN110964547 A CN 110964547A CN 201811153363 A CN201811153363 A CN 201811153363A CN 110964547 A CN110964547 A CN 110964547A
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- garbage
- greenhouse
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- treatment method
- humidity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention provides a garbage drying treatment method which comprises the steps of piling garbage in a greenhouse, sealing the greenhouse to evaporate water in the garbage to the surface and reach a saturated state, then reducing the surface humidity of the garbage to convert the surface humidity of the garbage from the saturated state to an unsaturated state, repeating the previous steps until the water content in the garbage is reduced to 40-60%, adding a fermentation aid into the garbage, and continuously drying the garbage after turning the pile until the water content reaches the standard. The invention also provides the application of the garbage drying treatment method in garbage pyrolysis and gasification. The garbage drying treatment method provided by the invention has the advantages that only a greenhouse is needed, the construction cost is low, large complex equipment does not need to be purchased, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a garbage drying treatment method and application.
Background
The traditional harmless treatment method of the household garbage mainly comprises 3 types of sanitary landfill, composting and incineration. The sanitary landfill technology is marginalized due to large investment, large occupied area and low degree of harmlessness, the garbage compost is limited due to increasingly complex garbage components and low degree of classified collection, the incineration technology is the fastest developed technology at present, but dioxin and a large amount of fly ash are easily generated in the combustion process due to peroxy combustion, secondary pollution is caused to the environment, the urban incineration is developed to scale and large scale, the investment and operation cost is high, and the method is not suitable for rural garbage treatment.
The pyrolysis gasification technology is a new garbage treatment method, and organic matters are heated in an oxygen-free and oxygen-deficient state to be decomposed into combustible gas, combustible oil and carbon black. The technology has the main characteristics of harmlessness and high recycling degree, can effectively avoid the generation of dioxin, reduces flue gas and fly ash, and relieves atmospheric pollution. Compared with the incineration technology, the method has low investment and operation cost and technical threshold.
Before pyrolysis and gasification are carried out on the garbage, the drying treatment on the garbage is the key. However, the existing garbage drying treatment method consumes more energy and has longer drying treatment time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of high energy consumption and long drying time of garbage drying treatment in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a garbage drying treatment method.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the garbage drying treatment method in garbage pyrolysis and gasification.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a garbage drying treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) stacking the garbage in a greenhouse, and sealing the greenhouse to evaporate water in the garbage to the surface and reach a saturated state;
(2) reducing the humidity of the surface of the garbage to convert the humidity of the surface of the garbage from the saturated state to the unsaturated state in the step (1);
(3) and (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) until the water content in the garbage is reduced to 40-60%, adding a fermentation aid into the garbage, turning the garbage, and continuously drying the garbage until the water content reaches the standard.
Preferably, the greenhouse in the step (1) is a thin film greenhouse or a glass greenhouse, the color of the thin film is black or brown, and the color of the glass is black or brown.
Preferably, the top of the greenhouse in the step (1) is provided with a solar photovoltaic panel.
Preferably, the saturation criterion in step (1) is: the change of the surface humidity of the garbage is less than 5% within 24 hours.
Preferably, the humidity difference between the unsaturated state and the saturated state in the step (2) is greater than 10%.
Preferably, the method for reducing the surface humidity of the garbage in the step (2) comprises the step of drying by waste heat of a garbage pyrolysis and dry distillation system.
Further preferably, the method for drying by using waste heat comprises the following steps: conveying the waste heat of the garbage pyrolysis and carbonization system into the greenhouse through a fan, wherein the temperature of the waste heat is 80-90 ℃, and the conveying/stopping gap is 20min/40 min.
Preferably, the fermentation auxiliary agent is straw particles, and the size of the straw particles is 0.5-1 cm.
Preferably, the addition amount of the fermentation aid is 5-10% of the mass of the garbage.
Preferably, the ratio of the volume of the garbage stack to the volume of the greenhouse is 1/3-1/2.
The application of the garbage drying treatment method in garbage pyrolysis and gasification is provided.
Straws are common types in rural garbage and comprise crop straws such as sorghum straws, corn straws and wheat straws. At present, only less than half of the crop straws are utilized, and the rest straws are all burned or stacked for treatment. The burning and stacking treatment mode not only occupies a large amount of land, but also pollutes the environment. The heat energy utilization rate of the burning straws can reach about 15 percent at most, but if the straw is used for fermenting, the heat energy utilization rate can reach 4-5 times of that of direct burning.
The invention has the advantages of
1. The garbage drying treatment method provided by the invention only needs a greenhouse, is low in construction cost, does not need to purchase large-scale complex equipment, and is beneficial to popularization and application;
2. the method provided by the invention utilizes the heat generated by internal fermentation in the garbage stacking process to promote the evaporation of water in the garbage, thereby not only promoting the drying of the garbage, but also reducing the energy consumption;
3. the greenhouse is provided with the solar photovoltaic panel which can supply power to the artificial ventilation system, so that energy is saved;
4. the method provided by the invention further utilizes the heat generated by fermentation of the straws, promotes the drying of the garbage and completes the treatment of the straw garbage;
5. in the method provided by the invention, the optimal conveying/stopping gap is 20min/40min, and the water content in the garbage can be reduced to 8% from 75%.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1
A garbage drying treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) stacking the garbage in a greenhouse, and sealing the greenhouse to evaporate water in the garbage to the surface and reach a saturated state;
(2) reducing the humidity of the surface of the garbage to convert the humidity of the surface of the garbage from the saturated state to the unsaturated state in the step (1);
(3) and (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) until the water content in the garbage is reduced to 40-60%, adding a fermentation aid into the garbage, turning the garbage, and continuously drying the garbage until the water content reaches the standard.
The greenhouse in the step (1) is a thin film greenhouse, and the color of the thin film is black.
And (3) the method for reducing the surface humidity of the garbage in the step (2) is waste heat drying of a garbage pyrolysis and dry distillation system.
The method for drying by waste heat comprises the following steps: and conveying the waste heat of the garbage pyrolysis and carbonization system into the greenhouse by a fan, wherein the temperature of the waste heat is 80 ℃, and the conveying/stopping gap is 20min/40 min.
The fermentation auxiliary agent is straw particles, and the size of the straw particles is 0.5 cm.
The addition amount of the fermentation aid is 5% of the mass of the garbage.
The ratio of the volume of the garbage stacked to the volume of the greenhouse is 1/3.
Example 2
A garbage drying treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) stacking the garbage in a greenhouse, and sealing the greenhouse to evaporate water in the garbage to the surface and reach a saturated state;
(2) reducing the humidity of the surface of the garbage to convert the humidity of the surface of the garbage from the saturated state to the unsaturated state in the step (1);
(3) and (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) until the water content in the garbage is reduced to 40-60%, adding a fermentation aid into the garbage, turning the garbage, and continuously drying the garbage until the water content reaches the standard.
The greenhouse in the step (1) is a thin film greenhouse, and the color of the thin film is black.
And (3) the method for reducing the surface humidity of the garbage in the step (2) is waste heat drying of a garbage pyrolysis and dry distillation system.
The method for drying by waste heat comprises the following steps: and conveying the waste heat of the garbage pyrolysis and carbonization system into the greenhouse through a fan, wherein the temperature of the waste heat is 90 ℃, and the conveying/stopping gap is 20min/40 min.
The fermentation auxiliary agent is straw particles, and the size of the straw particles is 1 cm.
The addition amount of the fermentation aid is 10% of the mass of the garbage.
The ratio of the volume of the garbage stacked to the volume of the greenhouse is 1/2.
Example 3
A garbage drying treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) stacking the garbage in a greenhouse, and sealing the greenhouse to evaporate water in the garbage to the surface and reach a saturated state;
(2) reducing the humidity of the surface of the garbage to convert the humidity of the surface of the garbage from the saturated state to the unsaturated state in the step (1);
(3) and (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) until the water content in the garbage is reduced to 40-60%, adding a fermentation aid into the garbage, turning the garbage, and continuously drying the garbage until the water content reaches the standard.
The greenhouse in the step (1) is a thin film greenhouse, and the color of the thin film is black.
And (3) the method for reducing the surface humidity of the garbage in the step (2) is waste heat drying of a garbage pyrolysis and dry distillation system.
The method for drying by waste heat comprises the following steps: and conveying the waste heat of the garbage pyrolysis and carbonization system into the greenhouse by a fan, wherein the temperature of the waste heat is 85 ℃, and the conveying/stopping gap is 20min/40 min.
The fermentation auxiliary agent is straw particles, and the size of the straw particles is 0.7 cm.
The addition amount of the fermentation aid is 7% of the mass of the garbage.
The ratio of the volume of the garbage stacked to the volume of the greenhouse is 1/2.
Comparative example 1
A garbage drying treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) stacking the garbage in a greenhouse, and sealing the greenhouse to evaporate water in the garbage to the surface and reach a saturated state;
(2) reducing the humidity of the surface of the garbage to convert the humidity of the surface of the garbage from the saturated state to the unsaturated state in the step (1);
(3) and (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) until the water content in the garbage is reduced to 40-60%, adding a fermentation aid into the garbage, turning the garbage, and continuously drying the garbage until the water content reaches the standard.
The greenhouse in the step (1) is a thin film greenhouse, and the color of the thin film is black.
And (3) the method for reducing the surface humidity of the garbage in the step (2) is natural air circulation.
The fermentation auxiliary agent is straw particles, and the size of the straw particles is 0.5 cm.
The addition amount of the fermentation aid is 5% of the mass of the garbage.
The ratio of the volume of the garbage stacked to the volume of the greenhouse is 1/3.
Comparative example 2
A garbage drying treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) stacking the garbage in a greenhouse, and sealing the greenhouse to evaporate water in the garbage to the surface and reach a saturated state;
(2) reducing the humidity of the surface of the garbage to convert the humidity of the surface of the garbage from the saturated state to the unsaturated state in the step (1);
(3) and (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) until the water content in the garbage is reduced to 40-60%, adding a fermentation aid into the garbage, turning the garbage, and continuously drying the garbage until the water content reaches the standard.
The greenhouse in the step (1) is a thin film greenhouse, and the color of the thin film is black.
And (3) the method for reducing the surface humidity of the garbage in the step (2) is natural air circulation.
The fermentation auxiliary agent is straw particles, and the size of the straw particles is 1 cm.
The addition amount of the fermentation aid is 10% of the mass of the garbage.
The ratio of the volume of the garbage stacked to the volume of the greenhouse is 1/2.
Comparative example 3
A garbage drying treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) stacking the garbage in a greenhouse, and sealing the greenhouse to evaporate water in the garbage to the surface and reach a saturated state;
(2) reducing the humidity of the surface of the garbage to convert the humidity of the surface of the garbage from the saturated state to the unsaturated state in the step (1);
(3) and (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) until the water content in the garbage is reduced to 40-60%, adding a fermentation aid into the garbage, turning the garbage, and continuously drying the garbage until the water content reaches the standard.
The greenhouse in the step (1) is a thin film greenhouse, and the color of the thin film is black.
And (3) the method for reducing the surface humidity of the garbage in the step (2) is natural air circulation.
The fermentation auxiliary agent is straw particles, and the size of the straw particles is 0.7 cm.
The addition amount of the fermentation aid is 7% of the mass of the garbage.
The ratio of the volume of the garbage stacked to the volume of the greenhouse is 1/2.
Comparative example 4
The treatment process in this example is essentially the same as that of example 3, except that no fermentation aid is added.
Comparative example 5
The treatment process of this example is essentially the same as that of example 3, except that the temperature of the warm air in this example is 30 ℃.
Comparative example 6
The processing method of this example is basically the same as that of example 3 except that the conveying/stopping gap of this example is 10 min/40 min.
Comparative example 7
The processing method of this example is basically the same as that of example 3 except that the conveying/stopping gap of this example is 30 min/40 min.
Example of detection
In a Changsha quangcheng bridge town solid waste treatment site, 10t of domestic garbage with initial water content of 75% is divided into 10 parts, the domestic garbage is treated by the methods provided in examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-4 respectively, and the water content in the garbage after 3 days and 7 days of treatment is detected, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Water content test results
Claims (10)
1. A garbage drying treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) stacking the garbage in a greenhouse, and sealing the greenhouse to evaporate water in the garbage to the surface and reach a saturated state;
(2) reducing the humidity of the surface of the garbage to convert the humidity of the surface of the garbage from the saturated state to the unsaturated state in the step (1);
(3) and (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) until the water content in the garbage is reduced to 40-60%, adding a fermentation aid into the garbage, turning the garbage, and continuously drying the garbage until the water content reaches the standard.
2. The garbage drying treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the greenhouse in step (1) is a thin film greenhouse or a glass greenhouse, the color of the thin film is black or brown, and the color of the glass is black or brown.
3. The garbage drying treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the top of the greenhouse in step (1) is provided with a solar photovoltaic panel.
4. The method for drying and treating garbage according to claim 1, wherein the saturation standard in step (1) is as follows: the change of the surface humidity of the garbage is less than 5% within 24 hours.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the difference in humidity between the unsaturated state and the saturated state of step (2) is greater than 10%.
6. The method for drying the garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method for reducing the surface humidity of the garbage in the step (2) comprises drying by using the residual heat of the garbage pyrolysis and dry distillation system.
7. The garbage drying treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the waste heat drying method comprises the following steps: conveying the waste heat of the garbage pyrolysis and carbonization system into the greenhouse through a fan, wherein the temperature of the waste heat is 80-90 ℃, and the conveying/stopping gap is 20min/40 min.
8. The garbage drying treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the fermentation aid added is 5-10% of the garbage by mass, the fermentation aid is straw particles, and the size of the straw particles is 0.5-1 cm.
9. The method for drying the garbage according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the volume of the garbage stacked to the volume of the greenhouse is 1/3-1/2.
10. The method for drying the garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method for drying the garbage according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied to pyrolysis and gasification of the garbage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811153363.3A CN110964547A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Garbage drying treatment method and application |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811153363.3A CN110964547A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Garbage drying treatment method and application |
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| CN202371971U (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-08-08 | 北京生态岛科技有限责任公司 | Paint slag drying equipment |
| CN107388252A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-24 | 杭州锦环投资有限公司 | A kind of film anhydration system and method using waste incineration residual heat of exhaust flue gas desiccation rubbish |
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2018
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| CN101205111A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2008-06-25 | 光大环保工程技术(深圳)有限公司 | Sludge drying apparatus and sludge drying method using the same |
| CN202371971U (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-08-08 | 北京生态岛科技有限责任公司 | Paint slag drying equipment |
| EP3532569A1 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-09-04 | Akbev Group, LLC | High protein organic materials as fuel and processes for making the same |
| CN107388252A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-24 | 杭州锦环投资有限公司 | A kind of film anhydration system and method using waste incineration residual heat of exhaust flue gas desiccation rubbish |
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