Device for rapidly measuring bending degree of plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for measuring the bending degree of a plate, and belongs to the field of metal plate detection.
Background
During the plastic working of metal plate, the plate bending often occurs due to uneven plastic deformation, such as head and tail bending after medium plate rolling, unstable wave after thin plate deformation, etc. The severity of these bends has a significant effect on the subsequent processing of the sheet, such as the straightening process of the sheet. Therefore, the bending of the sheet material needs to be measured, which can be used as a feedback correction for the current processing procedure on one hand, and can be used as an original parameter for process setting of the subsequent procedures on the other hand.
At present, the bending measurement is carried out manually only during the initial equipment debugging in medium and heavy plate production, and after stable production, the material loss caused by head and tail bending and occasional middle bending of the plate is regarded as cost consumption of the whole production line and is not treated. In sheet production, deformed instability waves are detected by a shape meter, but only on more modern production lines, and a large part of cold-rolled sheet production lines detect instability waves of sheets by manual experience. In addition, due to the needs of industrial technical development, many plastic working researches on metal plates are carried out in colleges and universities and research institutes, in the researches, a single plate is commonly used as a research object, the bending measurement needs of the deformed plate also exist, but no corresponding detection instrument exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a device for rapidly measuring the bending degree of a plate, which is simple, convenient to carry and convenient and rapid to measure, and can rapidly measure the bending degree of the plate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a device of rapid survey panel bending degree, includes conventional percentage table and sets up the opening degree part on the percentage table, opening degree part is including setting up in percentage table disc periphery around percentage table disc pivoted ring gear and ring gear be the left and right both sides that the semicircle setting is located the percentage table disc respectively, the top of the ring gear that the percentage table top was provided with pinion and left and right both sides is provided with respectively makes the synchronous subtend pivoted unilateral rack of ring gear of left and right both sides with pinion engagement, the bottom mounting of ring gear is provided with the bracing piece that has certain inclination, the fixed opening degree pointer that follows the ring gear and rotate the instruction opening degree calibrated scale that is provided with in the middle part of the percentage table disc back that is provided with opening degree calibrated scale and one side ring gear.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the scale numerical value of the opening degree dial is five big scales of 0 ~ 5 and every big scale is divided into 5 little scales on average, and every little scale indication 1, the angle scope of opening degree dial is 0 ~ 25.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the opening initial angle of the support rods on the left side and the right side is 20 degrees, the scale value indicated by the opening degree pointer at the moment is 0, the opening maximum angle of the support rods on the left side and the right side is 50 degrees, and the scale value indicated by the opening degree pointer at the moment is 3.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the rotating angle of the opening degree pointer is the rotating angle of a single gear ring, is also the rotating angle of a single supporting rod, and is also half of the opening angle between two supporting rods.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the dial indicator comprises a dial indicator indicating disc arranged on the front face of a dial indicator disc, a dial indicator pointer for indicating the reading of the dial indicator indicating disc and a measuring rod arranged at the bottom end of the dial indicator disc, and the head of the measuring rod is an elastic contact head which retracts under the action of contact pressure and drives the dial indicator pointer to rotate.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the head of the supporting rod is a rigid contact head, the length of the supporting rod is 200mm, and the length of the supporting rod is 10mm smaller than the free length of the measuring rod of the dial indicator.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the dial indicator is characterized in that the front side and the rear side of the periphery of the dial indicator disk are fixedly provided with gear ring guide rails with outer diameters larger than the outer diameter of the dial indicator disk, the gear ring guide rails on the front side and the rear side are bent inwards to form a circle of flange, and a guide space is formed between the gear ring guide rails on the front side and the rear side.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the gear ring is arranged in the guide space and rotates around the dial indicator disc, and the support rod rotates along the gap between the flanges of the gear ring guide rails on the front side and the rear side.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:
1. the invention is reformed by taking a conventional dial indicator as a main body, and an opening degree component is assembled on the dial indicator to form the whole measuring device, thereby greatly reducing the threshold condition for implementing the invention, being very convenient to carry and operate; the measurement of the bending degree of the plate is obtained by calculating the chord length and the chord height of a bending arc, and the measurement of a curve is converted into the measurement of the distance between two straight lines, so that the measurement accuracy is ensured; meanwhile, the invention has the measurement parameter conversion table corresponding to the specific chord length and chord height, and the rapid curvature result can be obtained only by looking up the measurement parameter conversion table during measurement, so that the calculation is not needed, and the method is convenient and rapid.
2. The utility model discloses a dial indicator top is provided with the pinion, and when the bracing piece drove the ring gear and rotates, the ring gear of left and right both sides had guaranteed the synchronous subtend adjustment of two subtend ring gears through unilateral rack and pinion intermeshing for the bracing piece still keeps the symmetrical relation to the measuring stick when opening the interval, has guaranteed the geometric symmetry to chord length chord height among the measurement process.
3. The supporting rods and the opening degree pointer are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the middle part of the gear ring, so that the opening degree pointer can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the supporting rods, namely, the reading displayed by the opening degree pointer can reflect the angle between the two supporting rods, and then the chord length of the chord between two points of the bent plate can be calculated.
4. The external diameter of ring gear guide rail is greater than percentage table disc external diameter and two ring gear guide rails all form the round flange to the inside bend for form a direction space between two ring gear guide rails and the percentage table disc, the ring gear guide rail plays the effect of direction, the setting up of flange makes the ring gear rotate only in the direction space simultaneously, in addition, be provided with the clearance between two flanges, can not block the bracing piece, make the bracing piece can rotate in the clearance between the flange.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion I of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the geometry of the measurement scaling of the present invention;
the dial indicator comprises a dial indicator panel 1, a dial indicator pointer 2, a dial indicator pointer 3, a support rod 4, a gear ring guide rail 5, a measuring rod 6, an opening degree pointer 7, a gear ring 8, an opening degree dial scale 9, a pinion 10 and a bent plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
the invention is reformed by taking a conventional dial indicator as a main body, and an opening degree component is assembled on the dial indicator to form the whole measuring device, thereby greatly reducing the threshold condition for implementing the invention, being very convenient to carry and operate; the measurement of the bending degree of the plate is obtained by calculating the chord length and the chord height of a bending arc, and the measurement of a curve is converted into the measurement of the distance between two straight lines, so that the measurement accuracy is ensured; meanwhile, the invention has the measurement parameter conversion table corresponding to the specific chord length and chord height, and the rapid curvature result can be obtained only by looking up the measurement parameter conversion table during measurement, so that the calculation is not needed, and the method is convenient and rapid.
As shown in figures 1-7, the device for rapidly measuring the bending degree of the plate is manufactured by modifying a conventional dial indicator as a main body and comprises the conventional dial indicator and an opening degree component arranged on the dial indicator. The dial indicator comprises a dial indicator dial 1 arranged on the front face of a dial indicator disc, a dial indicator pointer 2 for indicating the reading of the dial indicator dial 1 and a measuring rod 5 arranged at the bottom end of the dial indicator disc. The measuring rod 5 is served by the original measuring head of the dial indicator. When the head parts of the supporting rod 3 and the measuring rod 5 are in contact with the bent plate 10, the head parts of the supporting rod 3 are in rigid contact and do not retract, and the head part of the measuring rod 5 retracts under the contact pressure to drive the dial indicator 2 to rotate to indicate the reading, so that the chord height of the bending arc measured by the bent plate 10 can be obtained through conversion.
The opening degree part comprises a gear ring 7 and a pinion 9, wherein the gear ring 7 is arranged on the periphery of the dial indicator disc and rotates around the dial indicator disc, the pinion 9 is arranged at the top end of the dial indicator disc, the gear ring 7 is in a semicircular arrangement and is respectively located on the left side and the right side of the dial indicator disc, and single-sided racks meshed with the pinion 9 are respectively arranged at the top ends of the gear rings 1 on the left side and the right side. The bottom of ring gear 7 is processed threaded hole, and bracing piece 3 has certain inclination through the screw thread of tip and ring gear 7 fixed connection and bracing piece 3. When the supporting rod 3 drives the gear ring 7 to rotate, the gear rings 7 on the left side and the right side are meshed with the pinion 9 through the single-sided rack, so that synchronous opposite adjustment of the two opposite gear rings 7 is guaranteed, the supporting rod 3 still keeps a symmetrical relation to the measuring rod 5 when the distance is opened, and geometrical symmetry of chord length and chord height in the measuring process is guaranteed.
The dial indicator disc back is provided with opening degree calibrated scale 8 and the middle part of one side ring gear 7 is fixed and is provided with opening degree pointer 6 through the screw, and opening degree pointer 6 can follow ring gear 7 and rotate the reading of instruction opening degree calibrated scale 8. The numerical value of the opening degree dial 8 is five big scales of 0-5, and each big scale is divided into 5 small scales on average, each small scale indicates 1 degree, and the angle range of the opening degree dial 8 is 0-25 degrees. The initial opening angle of the support rods 3 on the left and right sides is 20 degrees, the scale value indicated by the opening degree indicator 6 is 0, the maximum opening angle of the support rods 3 on the left and right sides is 50 degrees, and the scale value indicated by the opening degree indicator 6 is 3. The overall relationship is: the angle of rotation of the opening degree indicator 6 is equal to the angle of rotation of the single gear ring 7, equal to the angle of rotation of the single support bar 3, and equal to half of the opening angle between the two support bars 3.
The front side and the rear side of the periphery of the dial indicator disk are fixedly provided with gear ring guide rails 4 with outer diameters larger than the outer diameter of the dial indicator disk, and the gear ring guide rails 4 are installed on the outer ring of the dial indicator disk in an interference fit mode. The gear ring guide rails 4 on the front side and the rear side are all bent inwards to form a circle of flanges, and a guide space is formed between each flange and the gear ring guide rails 4 on the front side and the rear side. The gear ring 7 is arranged in the guide space and rotates around the dial indicator disc, the gear ring guide rail 4 plays a role in guiding, and meanwhile, the gear ring 7 can only rotate in the guide space due to the arrangement of the flanges. In addition, a gap is formed between the two flanges, so that the support rod 3 is not blocked, and the support rod 3 can rotate in the gap between the flanges. The head of the support rod 3 is a rigid contact head, the length of the support rod 3 is 200mm, and the length of the support rod is 10mm smaller than the free length of the dial indicator measuring rod 5.
The working principle and the using method are as follows:
when the device is used, the curvature radius of the bent plate is preliminarily estimated, and according to the application range of measurement, the two support rods 3 of the device are opened to form a certain angle (the opening degree dial is enabled to point to integer scales as far as possible). The device was then placed on a bent sheet 10 for testing. If the heads of the two support rods 3 and the measuring rod 5 are in contact with the bent plate 10, the opening degree dial 8 and the dial indicator 1 can be read simultaneously. If two bracing pieces 3 and 5 heads of measuring stick can not contact with crooked panel 10 simultaneously, try to adjust the angle of opening of two bracing pieces 3, try again and test, until two bracing pieces 3 and 5 heads of measuring stick all contact with crooked panel 10, simultaneously opening degree calibrated scale 8 and dial indicator dial 1 all have the reading can.
As shown in fig. 7, the head retraction distance of the measuring rod 5 obtained from the indication reading of the dial gauge 1 is converted into the chord height of the bending arc of the measured bent plate material 10.
Δh=LZ+10-Δ-rcosβ-LZ·cosα
Wherein Δ h is chord height;
LZfor the length of the support rod, 200mm is substituted in the embodiment;
delta is dial indication reading of the dial indicator;
β is the central angle corresponding to half chord length;
α is half the angle of the support rod.
The opening angle between the support rods 3 obtained by the reading indicated by the opening degree dial 8 can be converted into the opening distance between the support rods 3, namely the chord length of the measured bending arc of the bent plate 10.
B=2(LZ·sinα+rsinβ)
Wherein B is chord length;
LZfor length of the supporting rodIn this embodiment, 200mm is substituted;
α is half of the opening angle of the support rod;
r is the radius of the ball head of the support rod, and 5mm is substituted in the embodiment;
β is the central angle corresponding to half chord length.
The curvature of the curved arc of the curved plate material 10 can be calculated from the chord length and chord height of the curved arc obtained by conversion.
Wherein Δ h is chord height;
and B is a chord length.
Meanwhile, in order to quickly obtain a curvature value according to the indication readings of the opening degree dial 8 and the dial indicator 1, a measurement parameter conversion table is compiled aiming at a specific embodiment, and during testing, the corresponding bending curvature, namely the curvature of the bending arc measured by the plate, is obtained by searching the measurement parameter conversion table according to the indication readings of the opening degree dial 8 and the dial indicator 1 obtained by measurement.
The numerical values in the measurement parameter conversion table are calculated by taking the retraction amount of the head of the measuring rod per 0.1mm as an interval, the allowance standard of measurement errors is taken within 2% of twice calculated radius difference of the retraction amount difference of 0.1mm, and the application range of the radius measurement is as follows:
when the opening degree pointer points to the small scale 2 of the opening degree dial mark scale, the part of the measurement parameter conversion table is as follows:
during measurement, when the head retraction measurement value (dial indication reading of dial gauge) of the measuring rod is between two values in the gauge, the curvature radius is obtained by linear interpolation, and the linear difference formula is as follows:
wherein R is the curvature radius of the bent plate to be measured;
R1the smaller radius of curvature corresponding to two adjacent readings;
R2the larger radius of curvature corresponding to two adjacent readings;
Δ1indicating the smaller value of the reading for the dial scales of two adjacent dial indicators;
Δ2indicating the larger value of the reading for the dial scales of two adjacent dial indicators;
delta is the actual indication reading of the dial gauge at the time of measurement.
Example 1:
a dial indicator with the measuring range of 20mm is selected, and the length of the supporting rod is 10mm smaller than the free length of a measuring rod of the dial indicator. The gear ring guide rail 4 is arranged on the dial indicator disc in an interference fit of P7/h 6. The module of the rack portion of the facing ring gear 7 was 0.3mm, and the length of the rack segment was 16 mm. Pinion 9 has a module of 0.3mm and a number of teeth of 36. The initial opening angle of the support rod 3 is 20 degrees, namely the minimum opening angle of the support rod 3 is 20 degrees, and the opening degree pointer 6 points to the opening degree dial 8 to mark the scale 0. The maximum angle that the bracing piece 3 can be opened when measuring is 50 °, and opening degree pointer 6 points to opening degree dial 8 mark scale 3 this moment, and opening degree pointer 6 turned angle 15 °. The opening degree dial mark scales are designed to be 0-5 according to the range of 3 opening angles of the supporting rod, each large scale is divided into 5 small scales, each small scale indicates 1 degree, the opening degree dial scale range is 0-25 degrees, and the requirement of indicating the rotating angle of the pointer is met.