CN110919058B - High-efficiency three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently processed - Google Patents

High-efficiency three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently processed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110919058B
CN110919058B CN201911333171.5A CN201911333171A CN110919058B CN 110919058 B CN110919058 B CN 110919058B CN 201911333171 A CN201911333171 A CN 201911333171A CN 110919058 B CN110919058 B CN 110919058B
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cutting
edge
reamer
blade
efficiency
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CN110919058A (en
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王明坤
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Changzhou Lead Cutting Technology Co ltd
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Changzhou Lead Cutting Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C5/00Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/10Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency three-edge reaming tool capable of intermittently machining, and belongs to the field of reaming tools. The three-blade reamer comprises a cutter handle and a cutting part, wherein the cutting part is provided with three spiral cutting blades which are circumferentially distributed, a spiral groove is formed between every two adjacent spiral cutting blades, each cutting blade is provided with an end blade arranged on the end face of the three-blade reamer and a peripheral blade which is circumferentially provided with the three-blade reamer, the end blades of the three cutting blades are provided with unequal structures on the end face of the three-blade reamer, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the included angles between the end blades of the two adjacent cutting blades is 5-9 degrees on the end face of the three-blade reamer; the cutting portion has a back taper with a large front and a small rear. The three-blade reamer adopts the three-blade unequal design and is matched with the inverted cone design, so that on one hand, the vibration of reaming cutting is reduced, on the other hand, the three-blade reamer has a very good cutting guiding function, can perform intermittent reaming processing with high efficiency and large metal removal amount, and the processing precision and the processing efficiency are greatly improved.

Description

High-efficiency three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently processed
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reaming tool, in particular to a high-efficiency three-blade reaming tool capable of intermittently machining.
Background
During machining, various hole machining processes are often encountered, and hole machining is also a very common machining means. According to different machining methods, hole machining generally comprises drilling, reaming, countersinking, reaming and the like, and the characteristics of cutters used by different machining methods are different, wherein reaming is a machining method for further enlarging a hole on the basis of an original hole, and a reamer generally comprises a cutting edge and a chip groove and is mainly used for enlarging a hole with a pre-cast hole or a bottom hole and improving cylindricity and roughness. Chinese patent No. ZL200920033836.6 discloses a spiral groove-shaped reamer, which comprises a drill core and a spiral groove, wherein the spiral groove is a smooth arc formed by a cutting arc, a chip rolling arc tangent to the cutting arc and a chip containing arc tangent to the chip rolling arc, so that the strength of the cutting edge of the reamer can be ensured, a sufficient chip containing space is provided, chips are easy to curl and break, and the chips are prevented from damaging the processed surface.
When the existing reamer is used for machining holes with intermittent characteristics such as a hydraulic valve hole, the intermittent machining precision of the holes is difficult to guarantee due to poor vibration inhibition of the reamer, the straightness and roughness of the holes are relatively poor, and great workload is brought to subsequent finish machining, so that the machining efficiency is very low.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of poor intermittent machining precision, low efficiency and the like of the conventional reamer, and provides an efficient three-blade reamer capable of intermittent machining.
2. Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
The invention relates to an efficient three-blade reamer capable of intermittently processing, which comprises a cutter handle and a cutting part arranged at the front part of the cutter handle, wherein the cutting part is provided with three spiral cutting blades which are circumferentially distributed, a spiral groove is formed between every two adjacent spiral cutting blades, each cutting blade is provided with an end blade arranged on the end face of the three-blade reamer and a peripheral blade arranged on the circumference of the three-blade reamer, the end blades of the three cutting blades are provided with unequal structures on the end face of the three-blade reamer, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the included angles between the end blades of two adjacent cutting blades is 5-9 degrees on the end face of the three-blade reamer; the cutting part is provided with a back taper with a big front and a small back.
Further, the back taper of the cutting portion is 100/(0.015 to 0.03) mm.
Further, the included angles between the end edges of two adjacent cutting edges are 116.5 °, 118.5 ° and 125 °, respectively.
Further, the centers of the cutter handle and the cutting part are provided with a cooling liquid channel, and a liquid spraying port communicated with the cooling liquid channel is arranged in the spiral groove.
Further, the liquid spraying openings in the three spiral grooves are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the cutting part.
Furthermore, the negative chamfer of the peripheral edge of the cutting edge is 0 degrees, and the peripheral edge of the cutting edge adopts a double-edge belt structure, and comprises a first peripheral edge and a second peripheral edge.
Still further, the front end of the cutting part is selectively provided with a layered structure, the layered structure is that a front cutting section with the diameter D1 smaller than the diameter D2 of the main body part of the cutting part is arranged at the front end of the cutting part, and the cutting edge on the front cutting section is connected with the cutting edge of the main body part of the cutting part through a layered transition cone angle.
Further, the end front chamfer angle of the front cutting segment is greater than the angle of the layered transition cone angle.
Further, the angle of the front chamfer is 45 degrees, and the angle of the layered transition cone angle is 30 degrees.
Furthermore, the three-edge reamer is integrally manufactured by hard alloy materials.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:
(1) The invention relates to an intermittent-processing efficient three-blade reamer, wherein a cutting part of the efficient three-blade reamer is provided with three spiral cutting blades which are circumferentially distributed, a spiral groove is formed between every two adjacent spiral cutting blades, each cutting blade is provided with an end blade arranged on the end face of the three-blade reamer and a peripheral blade arranged on the circumference of the three-blade reamer, the end blades of the three cutting blades are provided with unequal structures on the end face of the three-blade reamer, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the included angle between the end blades of the two adjacent cutting blades is 5-9 degrees on the end face of the three-blade reamer, and the cutting part is provided with a back taper with a large front part and a small back part; the three-blade reamer adopts a three-blade unequal design and is matched with a front-large and rear-small inverted cone design of a cutting part, so that on one hand, the vibration of reaming cutting is reduced, the working stability of the three-blade reamer is improved, reaming processing with high-efficiency and large metal removal can be performed, on the other hand, the three-blade reamer has a very good cutting guiding function, and the concentricity of intermittent processing holes is ensured, thereby intermittent reaming processing with high-efficiency and large metal removal can be performed, and the processing precision and the processing efficiency are greatly improved;
(2) The back taper of the cutting part of the high-efficiency three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently machined is 100/(0.015-0.03) mm, the back taper angle is small, the high-efficiency three-blade reamer has a very good cutting guiding function, and the straightness of reaming machining is guaranteed;
(3) According to the efficient three-blade reamer capable of intermittently machining, the included angles between the end edges of two adjacent cutting blades are 116.5 degrees, 118.5 degrees and 125 degrees respectively, and by adopting the design of the unequal angles, cutting resonance is effectively reduced, vibration of the reamer is effectively inhibited, and reaming machining precision is improved;
(4) According to the efficient three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently processed, the centers of the cutter handle and the cutting part are provided with the cooling liquid channel, the spiral groove is internally provided with the liquid spraying port communicated with the cooling liquid channel, and the single straight hole split-flow cooling design is adopted, so that the heat dissipation effect of the cutter is improved, smooth chip removal is ensured, and the service life and the processing efficiency of the three-blade reamer are improved;
(5) According to the high-efficiency three-edge reaming cutter capable of being intermittently processed, liquid spraying openings in three spiral grooves of the high-efficiency three-edge reaming cutter are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of a cutting part, so that the strength of the cutter and the uniformity of cooling liquid spraying are ensured;
(6) According to the high-efficiency three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently processed, the negative chamfer of the peripheral edge of the cutting blade is 0 degrees, the peripheral edge of the cutting blade adopts a double-blade belt structure, the reamer comprises a first peripheral edge and a second peripheral edge, the double-blade belt design is adopted, so that the guiding effect of the reamer is better, the cutting heat dissipation effect of the reamer is improved, and meanwhile, the double-blade belt design has a burnishing effect, so that the processed hole wall has higher smoothness and cylindricity;
(7) The invention relates to a high-efficiency three-blade reamer capable of intermittently processing, wherein the front end of a cutting part is selectively provided with a layered structure, the layered structure is that the front end of the cutting part is provided with a front cutting section with the diameter D1 smaller than the diameter D2 of a main body part of the cutting part, the cutting edges on the front cutting section are connected with the cutting edges of the main body part of the cutting part through layered transition cone angles, and the cutting is of a layered design, so that the cutting is small and the cutting is efficient, the cutting is easier, the reamer is particularly suitable for multi-channel intermittent hole processing, and the problem that the cutting residues block a pore canal is effectively solved;
(8) According to the high-efficiency three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently processed, in a layered structure, the front chamfer angle of the end part of the front cutting section is larger than the angle of the layered transition cone angle, the angle of the front chamfer is preferably 45 degrees, the angle of the layered transition cone angle is preferably 30 degrees, and therefore the cutter is more stable in cutting and higher in cutting efficiency;
(9) The efficient three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently machined is formed by integrally machining hard alloy materials, and is strong in integrity, high in strength and long in service life.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a three-edge reamer capable of intermittent machining according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 at K' in a partially enlarged manner;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a three-edge reamer capable of intermittent machining according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an axial view of the cutting portion of a high-efficiency three-bladed reamer of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a three-edge reamer capable of intermittent machining according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at K in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a three-edge reamer capable of intermittent machining according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an axial view of a cutting portion of a high-efficiency three-bladed reamer of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate:
1. A knife handle; 2. a cutting portion; 2-1, cutting edge; 2-1a, end edge; 2-1b, a first peripheral edge; 2-1c, a second peripheral edge; 2-2, a spiral groove; 2-3, front cutting section; 2-4, layering transition cone angle; 2-5, front chamfering; 3. a cooling liquid passage; 3-1, a liquid spraying port; 4. and a transition section.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the efficient three-edge reamer capable of intermittently machining comprises a cutter handle 1 and a cutting part 2 arranged at the front part of the cutter handle 1, wherein the cutting part 2 is provided with three spiral cutting edges 2-1 distributed circumferentially, a spiral groove 2-2 is arranged between two adjacent spiral cutting edges 2-1, and the three-edge reamer is designed, so that a chip accommodating space is large and chip removal is easier; each cutting edge 2-1 is provided with an end edge 2-1a arranged on the end face of the three-edge reamer and a peripheral edge arranged on the circumference of the three-edge reamer, the end edges 2-1a of the three cutting edges 2-1 are provided with unequal structures on the end face of the three-edge reamer, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the included angles between the end edges 2-1a of two adjacent cutting edges 2-1 on the end face of the three-edge reamer is 5-9 degrees; the cutting portion 2 has a back taper with a large front and a small rear, and the back taper of the cutting portion 2 is generally 100/0.015 to 0.03mm. By adopting the three-blade unequal design and the back taper design with the large front and small back of the cutting part, on one hand, the vibration of reaming and cutting is reduced, the working stability of the three-blade reaming cutter is improved, and on the other hand, the three-blade reaming cutter has a very good cutting guiding function, so that intermittent reaming processing with high efficiency and large metal removal can be performed, and the processing precision and the processing efficiency are greatly improved. In addition, the peripheral edge of the cutting edge 2-1 adopts a double-edge band structure, and comprises a first peripheral edge 2-1b and a second peripheral edge 2-1c, and the double-edge band design is adopted, so that the guiding effect of the reamer is better, the cutting heat dissipation effect of the cutter is improved, and meanwhile, the double-edge band design has a burnishing effect, so that the machined hole wall has higher smoothness and cylindricity.
According to the design of the machining allowance, a layered structure can be selectively arranged at the front end of the cutting part 2, namely, a single-layer machining blade can be designed, and a double-layer layered machining blade can be adopted. The layered structure is that a front cutting section 2-3 with a diameter D1 smaller than the diameter D2 of the main body part of the cutting part 2 is arranged at the front end of the cutting part 2, and the cutting edge 2-1 on the front cutting section 2-3 is connected with the cutting edge 2-1 of the main body part of the cutting part 2 through a layered transition cone angle 2-4. The layered design is adopted, the chips are small chips, and the cutting is efficient, so that the chips in the holes are easier to clean, the method is particularly suitable for multi-channel intermittent hole machining, and the problem that the chips remain to block the pore channels is effectively solved.
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the efficient three-edge reaming cutter capable of intermittent machining in this embodiment is a three-edge reaming cutter designed by a single-layer machining edge, and includes a cutter handle 1 and a cutting part 2 arranged at the front part of the cutter handle 1, wherein the cutting part 2 is provided with three spiral cutting edges 2-1 distributed in the circumferential direction, a spiral groove 2-2 is arranged between two adjacent spiral cutting edges 2-1, each cutting edge 2-1 is provided with an end edge 2-1a arranged on the end face of the three-edge reaming cutter and a peripheral edge arranged on the circumferential direction of the three-edge reaming cutter, the end edges 2-1a of the three cutting edges 2-1 are provided with unequal structures, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the included angles between the end edges 2-1a of two adjacent cutting edges 2-1 is 5 ° to 9 °, in this embodiment, the included angles between the end edges 2-1a of two adjacent cutting edges 2-1 are preferably designed to be 116.5 °, 118.5 ° and 125 ° respectively, and the vibration of the three-edge reaming cutter is not designed to be equal, thereby the efficient reaming cutter can be effectively vibrated, and the reaming precision is improved; the cutting part 2 is provided with a back taper with a large front part and a small back part, the back taper of the cutting part 2 is preferably 100/0.015-0.03 mm, and the back taper is matched with the design of the back taper with the large front part and the small back part of the cutting part, so that the cutting part has a very good cutting guiding function, ensures the concentricity of intermittent machining holes and the straightness of reaming, can perform intermittent reaming with high efficiency and large metal removal amount, and greatly improves the machining precision and the machining efficiency.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to improve the service life of the three-edge reamer, a cooling liquid channel 3 is arranged in the centers of the cutter handle 1 and the cutting part 2, a liquid spraying port 3-1 communicated with the cooling liquid channel 3 is arranged in the spiral groove 2-2, and the single straight hole split-flow cooling design is adopted, so that the heat dissipation effect of the cutter is improved, smooth chip removal is ensured, and the service life and the processing efficiency of the three-edge reamer are improved. Preferably, the liquid spraying openings 3-1 in the three spiral grooves 2-2 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the cutting part 2, so that the cutter strength and the uniformity of the cooling liquid spraying are ensured. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the negative chamfer of the peripheral edge of the cutting edge 2-1 is 0 °, so that the peripheral edge strength of the cutting edge 2-1 is higher, the peripheral edge of the cutting edge 2-1 adopts a double-edge band structure, which includes a first peripheral edge 2-1b and a second peripheral edge 2-1c, and the negative chamfer width of the peripheral edge of the cutting edge 2-1 can be designed according to the chamfer width or the end edge cutting width, and the edge widths of the first peripheral edge 2-1b and the second peripheral edge 2-1c are generally designed to be 0.3-0.6 mm. The double-edge design is adopted, so that the guiding effect of the reaming cutter is better, the cutting and heat dissipation effects of the cutter are improved, and meanwhile, the double-edge design has a burnishing effect, so that the machined hole wall has higher smoothness and cylindricity.
In addition, the efficient three-edge reamer capable of being intermittently machined is preferably manufactured by integrally machining a hard alloy material, and is strong in integrity, high in strength and long in service life. The diameter D1 'of the cutting portion 2 of the three-edged reamer is greater than the diameter D' of the shank 1, and a relief chamfer is preferably provided between the shank 1 and the cutting portion 2, the relief chamfer being designed at an angle of 15 °. The length L1 'and diameter D1' of the cutting portion 2 of the three-bladed reamer, as well as the total length L2 'of the three-bladed reamer and the diameter D' of the shank 1 may be determined according to specific needs. A 45 ° front chamfer is provided at the end of the cutting portion 2. In addition, the core thickness diameter D2 'of the cutting portion 2 is preferably designed to be 0.4 to 0.6 times the diameter D1' of the cutting portion 2, ensuring the overall strength of the cutting portion 2.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the present embodiment is a three-blade reamer with layered design of machining blades, which has the basic structure similar to that of embodiment 1, and is different in that: the front end of the cutting part 2 is provided with a layered structure, wherein the front end of the cutting part 2 is provided with a front cutting section 2-3 with the diameter D1 smaller than the diameter D2 of the main body part of the cutting part 2, and the cutting edge 2-1 on the front cutting section 2-3 is connected with the cutting edge 2-1 of the main body part of the cutting part 2 through a layered transition cone angle 2-4. By adopting the layered design, the chips are small chips, and the cutting is efficient, so that the chips in the holes are easier to clean, the method is particularly suitable for multi-channel intermittent hole machining, and the problem that the chips remain to block the pore channels is effectively solved.
In addition, the angle of the front chamfer angle 2-5 of the end part of the front cutting section 2-3 is larger than the angle of the layered transition cone angle 2-4, the angle of the front chamfer angle 2-5 is preferably 45 degrees, the angle of the layered transition cone angle 2-4 is preferably 30 degrees, and the cutting tool is enabled to cut more stably and has higher cutting efficiency. A transition section 4 can be provided between the shank 1 and the cutting portion 2, the diameter D3 of the transition section 4 being slightly smaller than the diameter of the tail of the cutting portion 2. In the present embodiment, the core thickness diameter D4 of the cutting portion 2 is preferably designed to be 0.4 to 0.6 times the diameter D2 of the main body portion of the cutting portion 2, ensuring the overall strength of the cutting portion 2. The diameter D1 and the length L4 of the tool shank 1, the diameter D3 and the length L3 of the transition section 4, the total length L2 of the cutting part 2, the diameter D2 of the front end of the main body part of the cutting part 2 and the diameter D1 and the length L1 of the front cutting section 2-3 are all determined according to specific requirements.
According to the efficient three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently machined, the three-blade unequal design is adopted, and the front and rear small back taper design of the cutting part is matched, so that on one hand, vibration of reaming and cutting is reduced, working stability of the three-blade reamer is improved, reaming machining with high metal removal capacity can be efficiently performed, on the other hand, the efficient three-blade reamer has a very good cutting guiding function, concentricity of intermittent machining holes is guaranteed, intermittent reaming machining with high metal removal capacity can be performed, and machining precision and machining efficiency are greatly improved.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to this, as it is shown in the drawings, which are only one of the embodiments of the invention. Therefore, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical scheme are not creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present invention, and all the structural manners and the embodiments belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a but high-efficient three sword reamer of intermittent working, includes handle of a knife (1) and locates cutting portion (2) in handle of a knife (1) front portion, cutting portion (2) have three circumference distributed spiral cutting edge (2-1), have helicla flute (2-2) between two adjacent spiral cutting edge (2-1), its characterized in that: each cutting edge (2-1) is provided with an end edge (2-1 a) arranged on the end face of the three-edge reamer and a peripheral edge arranged on the circumference of the three-edge reamer, the end edges (2-1 a) of the three cutting edges (2-1) are provided with unequal structures on the end face of the three-edge reamer, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the included angles between the end edges (2-1 a) of two adjacent cutting edges (2-1) on the end face of the three-edge reamer is 5-9 degrees; the cutting part (2) is provided with a back taper with a big front and a small back.
2. The high-efficiency three-edged reamer tool for interrupted machining according to claim 1, wherein: the back taper of the cutting part (2) is 100/(0.015-0.03) mm.
3. The high-efficiency three-edged reamer tool for intermittent machining according to claim 2, wherein: the included angles between the end edges (2-1 a) of two adjacent cutting edges (2-1) are 116.5 degrees, 118.5 degrees and 125 degrees respectively.
4. The high-efficiency three-edged reamer tool for interrupted machining according to claim 1, wherein: the center of the knife handle (1) and the cutting part (2) is provided with a cooling liquid channel (3), and a liquid spraying port (3-1) communicated with the cooling liquid channel (3) is arranged in the spiral groove (2-2).
5. The high-efficiency three-edged reamer tool for interrupted machining of claim 4, wherein: the liquid spraying openings (3-1) in the three spiral grooves (2-2) are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the cutting part (2).
6. The high-efficiency three-edged reamer tool for interrupted machining according to claim 1, wherein: the negative chamfer of the peripheral edge of the cutting edge (2-1) is 0 degrees, and the peripheral edge of the cutting edge (2-1) adopts a double-edge belt structure and comprises a first peripheral edge (2-1 b) and a second peripheral edge (2-1 c).
7. An efficient three-edged reamer tool for interrupted machining according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the front end of the cutting part (2) is selectively provided with a layered structure, the layered structure is characterized in that the front end of the cutting part (2) is provided with a front cutting section (2-3) with the diameter D1 smaller than the diameter D2 of the main body part of the cutting part (2), and a cutting edge (2-1) on the front cutting section (2-3) is connected with a cutting edge (2-1) of the main body part of the cutting part (2) through a layered transition cone angle (2-4).
8. The high-efficiency three-edged reamer tool for interrupted machining of claim 7, wherein: the angle of the front chamfer (2-5) at the end part of the front cutting section (2-3) is larger than the angle of the layered transition cone angle (2-4).
9. The high-efficiency three-edged reamer tool for interrupted machining of claim 8, wherein: the angle of the front chamfer angle (2-5) is 45 degrees, and the angle of the layered transition cone angle (2-4) is 30 degrees.
10. The high-efficiency three-edged reamer tool for interrupted machining according to claim 1, wherein: the three-edge reamer is manufactured by integrally processing hard alloy materials.
CN201911333171.5A 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 High-efficiency three-blade reamer capable of being intermittently processed Active CN110919058B (en)

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CN211387075U (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-09-01 常州利德切削技术有限公司 Efficient three-blade broaching tool capable of performing intermittent machining

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CN106825699A (en) * 2017-04-01 2017-06-13 山东大学 One kind becomes helicla flute double tapered angle laminated construction drilling integrated tool
CN106925819A (en) * 2017-04-27 2017-07-07 沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司 It is a kind of for machining titanium alloy and the reamer of carbon fibre laminates

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CN211387075U (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-09-01 常州利德切削技术有限公司 Efficient three-blade broaching tool capable of performing intermittent machining

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